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Commitments - Contractual obligations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Commitments
Purchase obligations	$ 6,991	$ 5,510
Purchase energy	2,945	3,567
Total minimum payments required	$ 9,936	$ 9,077

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- References

No definition available.

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Namespace Prefix:	ifrs-full_
Data Type:	xbrli:stringItemType
Balance Type:	na
Period Type:	duration

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- Definition

The amount of contractual obligation, including but not limited to, long-term debt, capital lease obligations, operating lease obligations, purchase obligations, and other commitments.

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No definition available.

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Namespace Prefix:	vale_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	credit
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- Definition

The amounts represents the purchase energy.

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No definition available.

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Namespace Prefix:	vale_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	credit
Period Type:	instant

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- Definition

The minimum amount of purchase arrangement in which the entity has agreed to expend funds to procure goods or services from a supplier.

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No definition available.

+ Details

Name:	vale_PurchaseObligationPaymentsDue
Namespace Prefix:	vale_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	credit
Period Type:	instant