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Equity | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Equity |
Equity |
| 30. | Equity
a) Share capital As at December 31, 2022, the share capital was US$61,614 corresponding to 4,778,889,263 shares issued and fully paid without par value. The Board of Directors may, regardless of changes to by-laws, approve the issue and cancellation of common shares, including the capitalization of profits and reserves to the extent authorized.
Schedule of share capital |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | December 31, 2022
Shareholders |  | Common shares |  | Golden shares |  | Total
Shareholders with more than 5% of total capital |  | 1,616,023,334 |  | - |  | 1,616,023,334
The Capital Group Companies, Inc |  | 648,304,234 |  | - |  | 648,304,234
Previ |  | 409,087,156 |  | - |  | 409,087,156
Mitsui&co |  | 286,347,055 |  | - |  | 286,347,055
Blackrock, Inc |  | 272,284,889 |  | - |  | 272,284,889
Free floating |  | 2,867,055,366 |  | - |  | 2,867,055,366
Golden shares |  | - |  | 12 |  | 12
Total outstanding (without shares in treasury) |  | 4,483,078,700 |  | 12 |  | 4,483,078,712
Shares in treasury |  | 295,810,551 |  | - |  | 295,810,551
Total capital |  | 4,778,889,251 |  | 12 |  | 4,778,889,263
b) Cancellation of treasury shares During 2022 and 2021, the Board of Directors approved cancellations of common shares issued by the Company, acquired and held in treasury, without reducing the amount of its share capital, as shown below. The effects were transferred in shareholders' equity as "Treasury shares used and cancelled", between the "Revenue reserve" and "Treasury shares".
Schedule of cancellation of treasury shares |  |  |  |
|  | Number of canceled shares |  | Carrying amount
Cancellation approved on February 24, 2022 |  | 133,418,347 |  | 2,830
Cancellation approved on July 28, 2022 |  | 220,150,800 |  | 3,786
Year ended December 31, 2022 |  | 353,569,147 |  | 6,616
Cancellation approved on September 16, 2021 |  | 152,016,372 |  | 2,401
Year ended December 31, 2021 |  | 152,016,372 |  | 2,401
| c) | Shares buyback program and treasury shares
During 2022 and 2021, the Board of Directors approved shares buyback programs for Vale’s shares, as described below.
Schedule of stockholders' remuneration |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total of shares repurchased |  | Effect on cash flows
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Shares buyback program for 470,000,000 shares (i) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Acquired by Parent | 81,855,600 |  | 139,018,347 |  | 1,501 |  | 3,008
Acquired by wholly owned subsidiaries | 96,959,900 |  | 152,166,153 |  | 1,750 |  | 2,538
| 178,815,500 |  | 291,184,500 |  | 3,251 |  | 5,546
Shares buyback program for 500,000,000 shares (ii) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Acquired by Parent | 87,779,900 |  | - |  | 1,375 |  | -
Acquired by wholly owned subsidiaries | 90,847,177 |  | - |  | 1,410 |  | -
| 178,627,077 |  | - |  | 2,785 |  | -
Shares buyback program | 357,442,577 |  | 291,184,500 |  | 6,036 |  | 5,546
(i) | On April 1, 2021, the Board of Directors approved the common shares buyback program, limited to a maximum of 270,000,000 common shares or their respective ADRs. Continuing the previous program, the Board of Directors approved a new shares buyback program on October 28, 2021, with a limit of up to 200,000,000 common shares or their respective ADRs. Both programs were concluded in 2022.
(ii) | On April 27, 2022, the Board of Directors approved the common shares buyback program, limited to a maximum of 500,000,000 common shares or their respective ADRs.
In February 2023 (subsequent event), the Company approved the transfer of 85 million shares from its wholly-owned subsidiaries to the Parent Company. d) Profit distribution
Schedule of profit reserves |  |  |
| 2022 |  | 2021
Net income attributable to Vale's shareholders | 18,788 |  | 22,445
Appropriation to legal reserve | (276) |  | (1,123)
Appropriation to tax incentive reserve | (1,157) |  | (2,581)
Net income after appropriations to legal reserve and tax incentive reserve | 17,355 |  | 18,741
Reclassification of the fair value adjustment reserve (note 16l) | - |  | 522
Minimum mandatory remuneration | 4,386 |  | 4,542
Additional remuneration |  |  |
from statutory reserve | - |  | 1,476
from the net income for the year | 437 |  | 7,326
Total additional remuneration | 437 |  | 8,802
Total remuneration to shareholders | 4,823 |  | 13,344
Appropriation to statutory reserve | 8,821 |  | 7,395
Appropriation to retained earnings reserve | 3,711 |  | -
Remuneration approved The Company's By-laws determines as its minimum mandatory remuneration to Vale shareholders an amount equal to 25% of the net income, after appropriations to legal and tax incentive reserves. The remuneration approved as interest on capital (“JCP”) is gross up with the income tax applicable to Vale’s shareholders. The remuneration to Vale’s shareholders was based on the following resolutions:
| · | On February 16, 2023 (subsequent event), the Board of Directors approved the shareholder’s remuneration of US$1,569, of which US$1,132 is part of the minimum mandatory remuneration, recorded as a liability for the year ended December 31, 2022, and US$437 as an additional remuneration, recorded in equity as “Additional remuneration reserve”. The payment will be held in March 2023.
| · | On December 1, 2022, the Board of Directors approved interest on capital to shareholders in the amount of US$254, as an anticipation of the income for the year ended December 31, 2022, which is part of the minimum mandatory remuneration, recorded as a liability for the year ended December 31, 2022. The payment will be held in March 2023.
| · | On July 28, 2022, the Board of Directors approved the remuneration to shareholders in the amount of US$3,000, which is part of the minimum mandatory remuneration, recorded as a liability for the year ended December 31, 2022. It was fully paid in September 2022.
| · | On February 24, 2022, the Board of Directors approved the remuneration to shareholders in the amount of US$3,500 as an additional remuneration for the year ended December 31, 2021, recorded in equity as “Additional remuneration reserve”. It was fully paid in March 2022.
| · | In 2021, the Company approved and paid dividends and interest on capital to shareholders in the amount of US$9,844, as follows: (i) US$2,200, as approved by the Board of Directors on June 17, 2021; and (ii) US$7,644, approved by the Board of Directors on September 16, 2021. Of the total amount paid, US$4,542 was the minimum mandatory remuneration for the year ended December 31, 2021, US$1,476 was paid out the Company’s profits reserve and the remaining amount was paid as an anticipation of the income for the year ended December 31,2021.
| · | On February 25, 2021, the Board of Directors approved the shareholder’s remuneration in the amount of US$3,972. Of the total amount, US$1,152 represented the minimum mandatory remuneration for 2020. The remaining amount of US$2,820 was approved as additional remuneration and was recorded in the equity as “Additional remuneration reserve. This amount was paid in full in March 2021.
e) Profit reserves
Schedule of profit reserves |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Legal reserve |  | Tax incentive reserve |  | Statutory reserve |  | Retained earnings reserve |  | Additional remuneration reserve |  | Total of profit reserves
Balance as at December 31, 2020 |  | 1,542 |  | 659 |  | 1,854 |  | - |  | 2,987 |  | 7,042
Allocation of income |  | 1,123 |  | 2,581 |  | 7,395 |  | - |  | 3,500 |  | 14,599
Deliberated dividends and interest on capital of Vale's shareholders |  | - |  | - |  | (1,476) |  | - |  | (2,820) |  | (4,296)
Treasury shares cancellation |  | - |  | - |  | (2,401) |  | - |  | - |  | (2,401)
Translation adjustment |  | (142) |  | (157) |  | 1,526 |  | - |  | (469) |  | 758
Balance as at December 31, 2021 |  | 2,523 |  | 3,083 |  | 6,898 |  | - |  | 3,198 |  | 15,702
Allocation of income |  | 276 |  | 1,157 |  | 8,821 |  | 3,711 |  | 437 |  | 14,402
Deliberated dividends and interest on capital of Vale's shareholders |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (3,500) |  | (3,500)
Treasury shares cancellation |  | - |  | - |  | (6,616) |  | - |  | - |  | (6,616)
Transfers of reserves |  | - |  | 3 |  | (3) |  | - |  | - |  | -
Translation adjustment |  | 165 |  | 173 |  | 249 |  | (133) |  | 302 |  | 756
Balance as at December 31, 2022 |  | 2,964 |  | 4,416 |  | 9,349 |  | 3,578 |  | 437 |  | 20,744
Legal reserve - Is a legal requirement for Brazilian public companies to retain 5% of the annual net income up to 20% of the capital. The reserve can only be used to compensate losses or to increase capital. Tax incentive reserve - Results from the option to designate a portion of the income tax for investments in projects approved by the Brazilian Government as well as tax incentives. Statutory reserve - Aims to ensure the maintenance and development of the main activities that comprise the Company’s operations and to retain budgeted capital for investments. Based on the Company’s by-laws, this reserve is capped to 50% of the annual distributable net income, up to the amount of the share capital. Retained earnings reserve – It is intended to be used in investments for capital expenditures as allowed by the Brazilian Corporate Law. Additional remuneration reserve - Results from the remuneration proposed by Management that exceeds the mandatory minimum remuneration of 25% of the adjusted net income. Accounting policy Share capital and treasury shares - The Company holds shares in treasury for a future sale, cancellation or for the payment of the executives' long-term compensation programs. These shares are recognized in a specific account as a reduction of equity to the acquisition value and maintained at the cost of the transaction. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are recognized in equity as a deduction from the amount raised, net of taxes. Stockholders' equity Shareholder’s remuneration - The shareholder’s remuneration is paid on dividends and interest on capital. This remuneration is recognized as a liability in the financial statements of the Company based on bylaws. Any amount above the minimum mandatory remuneration approved by the by-laws shall only be recognized in current liabilities on the date that is approved by shareholders. The Company is permitted to distribute interest attributable to equity. The calculation is based on the equity amounts as stated in the statutory accounting records and the interest rate applied may not exceed the Brazilian Government Long-term Interest Rate (“TJLP”) determined by the Central Bank of Brazil. Also, such interest may not exceed 50% of the net income for the year or 50% of retained earnings plus profit reserves as determined by Brazilian corporate law. The benefit to the Company, as opposed to making a dividend payment, is a reduction in the income tax burden because this interest charge is tax deductible in Brazil. Income tax of 15% is withheld on behalf of the shareholders relative to the interest distribution. Under Brazilian law, interest attributed to equity is considered as part of the annual minimum mandatory dividend. This notional interest distribution is treated for accounting purposes as a deduction from equity in a manner similar to a dividend and the tax deductibility recorded in the income statement.

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