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Investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures - Guarantees provided (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 3 Months Ended | 6 Months Ended |
--- | --- | --- | ---
Mar. 31, 2023 | Mar. 31, 2022 | Jun. 30, 2023 | Jun. 30, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2022
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures |  |  |  | $ 1,901 |  | $ 1,798
Equity results in income statement |  |  |  | 10 | $ 87 |
Ferrous Minerals [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures |  |  |  | 1,309 |  | 1,296
Equity results in income statement |  | $ 89 | $ 52 | (7) | 68 |
Dividends received |  | 89 | 71 | 89 | 71 |
Base Metals [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures |  |  |  | $ 12 |  |
Equity results in income statement |  |  | 1 |  | 3 |
Base Metals [Member] | Korea Nickel Corp [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity results in income statement | [1] |  | 1 |  | 3 |
Base Metals [Member] | P T Kolaka Nickel Indonesia [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Ownership interest in joint venture (as a percent) |  |  |  | 20.00% |  |
% Voting capital |  |  |  | 20.00% |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures | [1] |  |  | $ 12 |  |
All other segments [member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures |  |  |  | 580 |  | 502
Equity results in income statement |  | 9 | 8 | 17 | 16 |
Dividends received |  | 16 |  | $ 16 | 65 |
Baovale Mineracao S.a [Member] | Iron Solutions [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Ownership interest in joint venture (as a percent) |  |  |  | 50.00% |  |
% Voting capital |  |  |  | 50.00% |  |
Baovale Mineracao S.a [Member] | Ferrous Minerals [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures |  |  |  | $ 28 |  | 24
Equity results in income statement |  |  |  | $ 1 | 1 |
Companhia Coreano Brasileira De Pelotizacao [Member] | Iron Solutions [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Ownership interest in joint venture (as a percent) |  |  |  | 50.00% |  |
% Voting capital |  |  |  | 50.00% |  |
Companhia Coreano Brasileira De Pelotizacao [Member] | Ferrous Minerals [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures |  |  |  | $ 69 |  | 80
Equity results in income statement |  | 5 | 10 | 9 | 22 |
Dividends received |  | 14 | 10 | $ 14 | 10 |
Companhia Hispano Brasileira De Pelotizacao [Member] | Iron Solutions [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Ownership interest in joint venture (as a percent) |  |  |  | 50.89% |  |
% Voting capital |  |  |  | 50.00% |  |
Companhia Hispano Brasileira De Pelotizacao [Member] | Ferrous Minerals [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures |  |  |  | $ 42 |  | 48
Equity results in income statement |  | 1 |  | 4 |  |
Dividends received |  | 19 | 1 | $ 19 | 1 |
Companhia Italo Brasileira De Pelotizacao [Member] | Iron Solutions [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Ownership interest in joint venture (as a percent) |  |  |  | 50.90% |  |
% Voting capital |  |  |  | 50.00% |  |
Companhia Italo Brasileira De Pelotizacao [Member] | Ferrous Minerals [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures |  |  |  |  |  | 62
Equity results in income statement |  | 3 | 12 | $ 7 | 13 |
Dividends received |  | 23 | 19 | 23 | 19 |
Companhia Italo Brasileira De Pelotizacao One [Member] | Ferrous Minerals [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures |  |  |  | $ 58 |  |
Companhia Nipo Brasileira De Pelotizacao [Member] | Iron Solutions [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Ownership interest in joint venture (as a percent) |  |  |  | 51.00% |  |
% Voting capital |  |  |  | 50.00% |  |
Companhia Nipo Brasileira De Pelotizacao [Member] | Ferrous Minerals [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures |  |  |  | $ 147 |  | 145
Equity results in income statement |  | 8 | 12 | 15 | 22 |
Dividends received |  | 33 | 41 | $ 33 | 41 |
Mrs Logistica S.a. [Member] | Iron Solutions [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Ownership interest in joint venture (as a percent) |  |  |  | 48.16% |  |
% Voting capital |  |  |  | 47.09% |  |
Mrs Logistica S.a. [Member] | Ferrous Minerals [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures |  |  |  | $ 599 |  | 509
Equity results in income statement |  | 41 | 20 | $ 47 | 30 |
Samarco Mineracao S.a. [Member] | Iron Solutions [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Ownership interest in joint venture (as a percent) |  |  |  | 50.00% |  |
% Voting capital |  |  |  | 50.00% |  |
Vli S.a. [Member] | Iron Solutions [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Ownership interest in joint venture (as a percent) |  |  |  | 29.60% |  |
% Voting capital |  |  |  | 29.60% |  |
Vli S.a. [Member] | Ferrous Minerals [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures |  |  |  | $ 366 |  | 428
Equity results in income statement |  | 31 | (2) | $ (90) | (20) |
Alianca Geracao de Energia S.A. | All other segments [member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Ownership interest in joint venture (as a percent) |  |  |  | 55.00% |  |
% Voting capital |  |  |  | 55.00% |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures |  |  |  | $ 408 |  | 340
Equity results in income statement |  | 9 | 8 | 18 | 16 |
Dividends received |  | 16 |  | $ 16 |  |
Alianca Norte Energia Participacoes S.a. [Member] | Ferrous Minerals [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity results in income statement |  |  |  |  | (3) |
Alianca Norte Energia Participacoes S.a. [Member] | All other segments [member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Ownership interest in joint venture (as a percent) |  |  |  | 51.00% |  |
% Voting capital |  |  |  | 51.00% |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures |  |  |  | $ 112 |  | 106
Equity results in income statement |  | (2) | (1) | (3) |  |
California Steel Industries, Inc | All other segments [member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Dividends received |  |  |  |  | 65 |
Other [Member] | All other segments [member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures |  |  |  | 60 |  | 56
Equity results in income statement |  | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Equity Results In Associates And Joint Ventures [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures |  |  |  | 1,901 |  | 1,798
Equity results in income statement |  | 98 | 61 | 10 | 87 |
Dividends received |  | 105 | 71 | 105 | 136 |
Other Results In Associates And Joint Ventures [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity results in income statement |  | (93) | (117) | (60) | 68 |
Equity Results And Other Results In Associates And Joint Ventures [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
IfrsStatementLineItems [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in associates and joint ventures |  |  |  | 1,901 |  | $ 1,798
Equity results in income statement |  | 5 | (56) | (50) | 155 |
Dividends received |  | $ 105 | $ 71 | $ 105 | $ 136 |
[1] | In September 2022, Vale completed the sale of its 25% stake in Korea Nickel Corp to Posco. for US$16.

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