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Costs and expenses by nature (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Costs And Expenses By Nature
Freight	$ 4,749	$ 4,251	$ 4,738
Services	4,509	4,131	3,614
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	2,903	2,916	3,049
Materials	2,758	2,731	2,256
Personnel	2,689	2,931	2,684
Acquisition of products	1,980	2,254	2,566
Fuel oil and gas	1,399	1,626	1,630
Royalties	1,282	1,286	1,268
Energy	653	781	719
Others	1,343	1,182	1,504
Total	$ 24,265	$ 24,089	$ 24,028

X

- Definition

The amount of all expenses directly or indirectly attributed to the goods or services sold. Attributed expenses include, but are not limited to, costs previously included in the measurement of inventory that has now been sold, such as depreciation and maintenance of factory buildings and equipment used in the production process, unallocated production overheads, and abnormal amounts of production costs of inventories.

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The amount of expense arising from the consumption of energy.

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The amount of expense arising from the consumption of fuel.

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The amount of raw materials and consumables used in the production process or in the rendering of services. [Refer: Current raw materials]

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