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Income Taxes
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
At September 30, 2022, the Company had gross uncertain tax benefits of $170.0 million, of which $125.3 million, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate.
The following is a reconciliation of the liability for uncertain tax positions (in millions):
Balance at December 31, 2021$147.0 
Additions for tax positions23.5 
Reductions for tax positions(0.5)
Balance at September 30, 2022$170.0 
The additions above primarily reflect the tax positions for foreign tax planning initiatives. The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. The amounts recognized in income tax expense for interest and penalties during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were not significant.
The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was 19.0%, compared with 19.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2021. The lower effective tax rate in the third quarter of 2022 is primarily due to a favorable foreign rate differential and favorable foreign deferred taxes.