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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended Sept. 30, 2023
or

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 001-3034

Xcel Energy Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Minnesota |  |  |  | 41-0448030
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) |  |  |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
414 Nicollet Mall | Minneapolis | Minnesota |  |  |  | 55401
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) |  |  |  | (Zip Code)

(612) | 330-5500
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class |  | Trading Symbol(s) |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $2.50 par value |  | XEL |  | Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☒ |  | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ |  | Smaller reporting company | ☐ |
|  |  | Emerging growth company | ☐ |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Class |  | Outstanding at October 24, 2023
Common Stock, $2.50 par value |  | 551,816,319 shares

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1 — | Financial Statements (unaudited) | 5
| Consolidated Statements of Income | 5
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income | 6
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 7
| Consolidated Balance Sheets | 8
| Consolidated Statements of Common Stockholders’ Equity | 9
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | 10
Item 2 — | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 22
Item 3 — | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures A bout Market Risk | 34
Item 4 — | Controls and Procedures | 34
PART II | OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1 — | Legal Proceedings | 34
Item 1A — | Risk Factors | 34
Item 2 — | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 34
Item 5 — | Other Information | 34
Item 6 — | Exhibits | 35
SIGNATURES | 36

This Form 10-Q is filed by Xcel Energy Inc. Additional information is available in various filings with the SEC. This report should be read in its entirety.
2

Definitions of Abbreviations

Xcel Energy Inc.’s Subsidiaries and Affiliates (current and former)
e prime | e prime inc.
NSP-Minnesota | Northern States Power Company, a Minnesota corporation
NSP System | The electric production and transmission system of NSP-Minnesota and NSP-Wisconsin operated on an integrated basis and managed by NSP-Minnesota
NSP-Wisconsin | Northern States Power Company, a Wisconsin corporation
PSCo | Public Service Company of Colorado
SPS | Southwestern Public Service Company
Utility subsidiaries | NSP-Minnesota, NSP-Wisconsin, PSCo and SPS
WYCO | WYCO Development, LLC
Xcel Energy | Xcel Energy Inc. and its subsidiaries

Federal and State Regulatory Agencies
CPUC | Colorado Public Utilities Commission
D.C. Circuit | United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
DOC | Minnesota Department of Commerce
DOE | United States Department of Energy
EPA | United States Environmental Protection Agency
FERC | Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
MPUC | Minnesota Public Utilities Commission
NMPRC | New Mexico Public Regulation Commission
NRC | Nuclear Regulatory Commission
OAG | Minnesota Office of Attorney General
PSCW | Public Service Commission of Wisconsin
PUCT | Public Utility Commission of Texas
SEC | Securities and Exchange Commission
SDPUC | South Dakota Public Utilities Commission

Electric, Purchased Gas and Resource Adjustment Clauses
ECA | Retail electric commodity adjustment

Other
AFUDC | Allowance for funds used during construction
ALJ | Administrative Law Judge
ATM | At-the-market
BART | Best available retrofit technology
C&I | Commercial and Industrial
CCR | Coal combustion residuals
CCR Rule | Final rule (40 CFR 257.50 - 257.107) published by EPA regulating the management, storage and disposal of CCRs as a nonhazardous waste

CDD | Cooling degree-days
CEO | Chief executive officer
CERCLA | Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
CFO | Chief financial officer
CORE | CORE Electric Cooperative
CSPV | Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic
DRIP | Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Program
EPS | Earnings per share
ETR | Effective tax rate
FTR | Financial transmission right
GAAP | United States generally accepted accounting principles
GE | General Electric Company
HDD | Heating degree-days
IPP | Independent power producing entity
IRP | Integrated Resource Plan
JTIQ | Joint Target Interconnection Queue
LLC | Limited liability company
LP&L | Lubbock Power and Light
MGP | Manufactured gas plant
MISO | Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc.
NAV | Net asset value
NOx | Nitrogen Oxides
O&M | Operating and maintenance
OATT | Open Access Transmission Tariff
PFAS | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances
PPA | Power purchase agreement
PTC | Production tax credit
RFP | Request for proposal
ROE | Return on equity
RTO | Regional Transmission Organization
SMMPA | Southern Minnesota Municipal Power Agency
SPP | Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
TCA | Transmission cost adjustment
THI | Temperature-humidity index
TOs | Transmission owners
UCA | Colorado Office of the Utility Consumer Advocate
VaR | Value at Risk

Measurements
MW | Megawatts

3

Forward-Looking Statements

Except for the historical statements contained in this report, the matters discussed herein are forward-looking statements that are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Such forward-looking statements, including those relating to 2023 and 2024 EPS guidance, long-term EPS and dividend growth rate objectives, future sales, future expenses, future tax rates, future operating performance, estimated base capital expenditures and financing plans, projected capital additions and forecasted annual revenue requirements with respect to rider filings, expected rate increases to customers, expectations and intentions regarding regulatory proceedings, and expected impact on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows of resettlement calculations and credit losses relating to certain energy transactions, as well as assumptions and other statements are intended to be identified in this document by the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “objective,” “outlook,” “plan,” “project,” “possible,” “potential,” “should,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions. Actual results may vary materially. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we expressly disclaim any obligation to update any forward-looking information. The following factors, in addition to those discussed in Xcel Energy’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended Dec. 31, 2022 and subsequent filings with the SEC, could cause actual results to differ materially from management expectations as suggested by such forward-looking information: operational safety, including our nuclear generation facilities and other utility operations; successful long-term operational planning; commodity risks associated with energy markets and production; rising energy prices and fuel costs; qualified employee workforce and third-party contractor factors; violations of our Codes of Conduct; our ability to recover costs and our subsidiaries’ ability to recover costs from customers; changes in regulation; reductions in our credit ratings and the cost of maintaining certain contractual relationships; general economic conditions, including recessionary conditions, inflation rates, monetary fluctuations, supply chain constraints and their impact on capital expenditures and/or the ability of Xcel Energy Inc. and its subsidiaries to obtain financing on favorable terms; availability or cost of capital; our customers’ and counterparties’ ability to pay their debts to us; assumptions and costs relating to funding our employee benefit plans and health care benefits; our subsidiaries’ ability to make dividend payments; tax laws; uncertainty regarding epidemics, the duration and magnitude of business restrictions including shutdowns (domestically and globally), the potential impact on the workforce, including shortages of employees or third-party contractors due to quarantine policies, vaccination requirements or government restrictions, impacts on the transportation of goods and the generalized impact on the economy; effects of geopolitical events, including war and acts of terrorism; cybersecurity threats and data security breaches; seasonal weather patterns; changes in environmental laws and regulations; climate change and other weather events; natural disaster and resource depletion, including compliance with any accompanying legislative and regulatory changes; costs of potential regulatory penalties and wildfire damages in excess of liability insurance coverage; regulatory changes and/or limitations related to the use of natural gas as an energy source; challenging labor market conditions and our ability to attract and retain a qualified workforce; and our ability to execute on our strategies or achieve expectations related to environmental, social and governance matters including as a result of evolving legal, regulatory and other standards, processes, and assumptions, the pace of scientific and technological developments, increased costs, the availability of requisite financing, and changes in carbon markets.
4

Table of Contents
PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1 — FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

XCEL ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
(amounts in millions, except per share data)

| Three Months Ended Sept. 30 |  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Operating revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electric | $ | 3,387 |  |  | $ | 3,699 |  |  | $ | 8,751 |  |  | $ | 9,255 |
Natural gas | 245 |  |  | 357 |  |  | 1,926 |  |  | 1,923 |
Other | 30 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 87 |  |  | 79 |
Total operating revenues | 3,662 |  |  | 4,082 |  |  | 10,764 |  |  | 11,257 |
Operating expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electric fuel and purchased power | 1,181 |  |  | 1,497 |  |  | 3,328 |  |  | 3,772 |
Cost of natural gas sold and transported | 70 |  |  | 173 |  |  | 1,084 |  |  | 1,134 |
Cost of sales — other | 14 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 37 |  |  | 32 |
Operating and maintenance expenses | 586 |  |  | 611 |  |  | 1,864 |  |  | 1,827 |
Conservation and demand side management expenses | 76 |  |  | 86 |  |  | 215 |  |  | 259 |
Depreciation and amortization | 618 |  |  | 607 |  |  | 1,807 |  |  | 1,807 |
Taxes (other than income taxes) | 168 |  |  | 173 |  |  | 489 |  |  | 523 |
Loss on Comanche Unit 3 litigation | 34 |  |  | — |  |  | 34 |  |  | — |
Total operating expenses | 2,747 |  |  | 3,158 |  |  | 8,858 |  |  | 9,354 |
Operating income | 915 |  |  | 924 |  |  | 1,906 |  |  | 1,903 |
Other income (expense), net | 3 |  |  | (15) |  |  | 19 |  |  | (20) |
Earnings from equity method investments | 7 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 27 |
Allowance for funds used during construction — equity | 26 |  |  | 20 |  |  | 63 |  |  | 53 |
Interest charges and financing costs |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest charges — includes other financing costs of $8, $8, $24 and $24, respectively | 269 |  |  | 244 |  |  | 790 |  |  | 705 |
Allowance for funds used during construction — debt | (14) |  |  | (7) |  |  | (36) |  |  | (19) |
Total interest charges and financing costs | 255 |  |  | 237 |  |  | 754 |  |  | 686 |
Income before income taxes | 696 |  |  | 693 |  |  | 1,261 |  |  | 1,277 |
Income tax expense (benefit) | 40 |  |  | 44 |  |  | (101) |  |  | (80) |
Net income | $ | 656 |  |  | $ | 649 |  |  | $ | 1,362 |  |  | $ | 1,357 |
Weighted average common shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 552 |  |  | 548 |  |  | 551 |  |  | 546 |
Diluted | 552 |  |  | 548 |  |  | 552 |  |  | 546 |
Earnings per average common share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 1.19 |  |  | $ | 1.19 |  |  | $ | 2.47 |  |  | $ | 2.48 |
Diluted | 1.19 |  |  | 1.18 |  |  | 2.47 |  |  | 2.48 |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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XCEL ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)
(amounts in millions)

| Three Months Ended Sept. 30 |  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Net income | $ | 656 |  |  | $ | 649 |  |  | $ | 1,362 |  |  | $ | 1,357 |
Other comprehensive income |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pension and retiree medical benefits: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net pension and retiree medical losses arising during the period, net of tax of $—, $4, $— and $4, respectively | — |  |  | 10 |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |
Reclassifications of loss to net income, net of tax of $—, $—, $— and $1, respectively | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 2 |
Derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net fair value increase, net of tax of $1, $—, $4 and $6, respectively | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |  |  | 15 |
Reclassification of losses to net income, net of tax of $—, $—, $1 and $1, respectively | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 4 |
Total other comprehensive income | 4 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 32 |
Total comprehensive income | $ | 660 |  |  | $ | 661 |  |  | $ | 1,377 |  |  | $ | 1,389 |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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XCEL ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
(amounts in millions)

| Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
| 2023 |  | 2022
Operating activities |  |  |
Net income | $ | 1,362 |  |  | $ | 1,357 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 1,824 |  |  | 1,821 |
Nuclear fuel amortization | 84 |  |  | 91 |
Deferred income taxes | (173) |  |  | (85) |
Allowance for equity funds used during construction | (63) |  |  | (53) |
Earnings from equity method investments | (27) |  |  | (27) |
Dividends from equity method investments | 26 |  |  | 30 |
Provision for bad debts | 58 |  |  | 41 |
Share-based compensation expense | 17 |  |  | 19 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts receivable | 95 |  |  | (221) |
Accrued unbilled revenues | 375 |  |  | 69 |
Inventories | 73 |  |  | (272) |
Other current assets | 104 |  |  | 13 |
Accounts payable | (226) |  |  | 152 |
Net regulatory assets and liabilities | 771 |  |  | 239 |
Other current liabilities | 183 |  |  | 51 |
Pension and other employee benefit obligations | (35) |  |  | (59) |
Other, net | (95) |  |  | 1 |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 4,353 |  |  | 3,167 |
Investing activities |  |  |
Capital/construction expenditures | (4,240) |  |  | (3,325) |
Purchase of investment securities | (704) |  |  | (1,055) |
Proceeds from the sale of investment securities | 678 |  |  | 1,029 |
Other, net | (26) |  |  | 30 |
Net cash used in investing activities | (4,292) |  |  | (3,321) |
Financing activities |  |  |
Repayments of short-term borrowings, net | (813) |  |  | (847) |
Proceeds from issuances of long-term debt | 2,631 |  |  | 2,164 |
Repayments of long-term debt, including reacquisition premiums | (651) |  |  | (600) |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | 83 |  |  | 156 |
Dividends paid | (814) |  |  | (754) |
Other, net | (14) |  |  | (14) |
Net cash provided by financing activities | 422 |  |  | 105 |
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 483 |  |  | (49) |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period | 111 |  |  | 166 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period | $ | 594 |  |  | $ | 117 |
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: |  |  |
Cash paid for interest (net of amounts capitalized) | $ | (652) |  |  | $ | (628) |
Cash paid for income taxes, net | (68) |  |  | (16) |
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing transactions: |  |  |
Accrued property, plant and equipment additions | $ | 409 |  |  | $ | 393 |
Inventory transfers to property, plant and equipment | 42 |  |  | 34 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 73 |  |  | 17 |
Allowance for equity funds used during construction | 63 |  |  | 53 |
Issuance of common stock for reinvested dividends and/or equity awards | 46 |  |  | 40 |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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XCEL ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data

| Sept. 30, 2023 |  | Dec. 31, 2022
Assets |  |  |
Current assets |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 594 |  |  | $ | 111 |
Accounts receivable, net | 1,220 |  |  | 1,373 |
Accrued unbilled revenues | 731 |  |  | 1,105 |
Inventories | 688 |  |  | 803 |
Regulatory assets | 695 |  |  | 1,059 |
Derivative instruments | 146 |  |  | 279 |
Prepaid taxes | 71 |  |  | 54 |
Prepayments and other | 257 |  |  | 360 |
Total current assets | 4,402 |  |  | 5,144 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 50,613 |  |  | 48,253 |
Other assets |  |  |
Nuclear decommissioning fund and other investments | 3,393 |  |  | 3,234 |
Regulatory assets | 2,757 |  |  | 2,871 |
Derivative instruments | 72 |  |  | 93 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 1,114 |  |  | 1,204 |
Other | 519 |  |  | 389 |
Total other assets | 7,855 |  |  | 7,791 |
Total assets | $ | 62,870 |  |  | $ | 61,188 |
Liabilities and Equity |  |  |
Current liabilities |  |  |
Current portion of long-term debt | $ | 1,051 |  |  | $ | 1,151 |
Short-term debt | — |  |  | 813 |
Accounts payable | 1,445 |  |  | 1,804 |
Regulatory liabilities | 462 |  |  | 418 |
Taxes accrued | 541 |  |  | 569 |
Accrued interest | 288 |  |  | 217 |
Dividends payable | 287 |  |  | 268 |
Derivative instruments | 59 |  |  | 76 |
Operating lease liabilities | 231 |  |  | 217 |
Other | 709 |  |  | 545 |
Total current liabilities | 5,073 |  |  | 6,078 |
Deferred credits and other liabilities |  |  |
Deferred income taxes | 4,702 |  |  | 4,756 |
Deferred investment tax credits | 45 |  |  | 48 |
Regulatory liabilities | 5,809 |  |  | 5,569 |
Asset retirement obligations | 3,332 |  |  | 3,380 |
Derivative instruments | 83 |  |  | 113 |
Customer advances | 173 |  |  | 181 |
Pension and employee benefit obligations | 355 |  |  | 390 |
Operating lease liabilities | 930 |  |  | 1,038 |
Other | 149 |  |  | 147 |
Total deferred credits and other liabilities | 15,578 |  |  | 15,622 |
Commitments and contingencies |  |  |
Capitalization |  |  |
Long-term debt | 24,910 |  |  | 22,813 |
Common stock — 1,000,000,000 shares authorized of $2.50 par value; 551,662,803 and 549,578,018 shares outstanding at Sept. 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively | 1,379 |  |  | 1,374 |
Additional paid in capital | 8,269 |  |  | 8,155 |
Retained earnings | 7,739 |  |  | 7,239 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (78) |  |  | (93) |
Total common stockholders’ equity | 17,309 |  |  | 16,675 |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 62,870 |  |  | $ | 61,188 |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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XCEL ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMMON STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
(amounts in millions, except per share data; shares in actual amounts)

| Common Stock Issued |  | Retained Earnings |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Total Common Stockholders' Equity
| Shares |  | Par Value |  | Additional Paid In Capital |  |  |
Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2023 and 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at June 30, 2022 | 546,807,793 |  |  | $ | 1,367 |  |  | $ | 7,960 |  |  | $ | 6,747 |  |  | $ | (103) |  |  | $ | 15,971 |
Net income |  |  |  |  |  |  | 649 |  |  |  |  | 649 |
Other comprehensive income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12 |  |  | 12 |
Dividends declared on common stock ($0.4875 per share) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (267) |  |  |  |  | (267) |
Issuances of common stock | 198,283 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 13 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14 |
Share-based compensation |  |  |  |  | 6 |  |  | (1) |  |  |  |  | 5 |
Balance at Sept. 30, 2022 | 547,006,076 |  |  | $ | 1,368 |  |  | $ | 7,979 |  |  | $ | 7,128 |  |  | $ | (91) |  |  | $ | 16,384 |
Balance at June 30, 2023 | 551,375,255 |  |  | $ | 1,378 |  |  | $ | 8,247 |  |  | $ | 7,371 |  |  | $ | (82) |  |  | $ | 16,914 |
Net income |  |  |  |  |  |  | 656 |  |  |  |  | 656 |
Other comprehensive income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4 |  |  | 4 |
Dividends declared on common stock ($0.52 per share) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (287) |  |  |  |  | (287) |
Issuances of common stock | 287,548 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 17 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18 |
Share-based compensation |  |  |  |  | 5 |  |  | (1) |  |  |  |  | 4 |
Balance at Sept. 30, 2023 | 551,662,803 |  |  | $ | 1,379 |  |  | $ | 8,269 |  |  | $ | 7,739 |  |  | $ | (78) |  |  | $ | 17,309 |
| Common Stock Issued |  | Retained Earnings |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Total Common Stockholders' Equity
| Shares |  | Par Value |  | Additional Paid In Capital |  |  |
Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2023 and 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at Dec. 31, 2021 | 544,025,269 |  |  | $ | 1,360 |  |  | $ | 7,803 |  |  | $ | 6,572 |  |  | $ | (123) |  |  | $ | 15,612 |
Net income |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,357 |  |  |  |  | 1,357 |
Other comprehensive income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 32 |  |  | 32 |
Dividends declared on common stock ($1.4625 per share) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (798) |  |  |  |  | (798) |
Issuances of common stock | 2,980,807 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 177 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 185 |
Share-based compensation |  |  |  |  | (1) |  |  | (3) |  |  |  |  | (4) |
Balance at Sept. 30, 2022 | 547,006,076 |  |  | $ | 1,368 |  |  | $ | 7,979 |  |  | $ | 7,128 |  |  | $ | (91) |  |  | $ | 16,384 |
Balance at Dec. 31, 2022 | 549,578,018 |  |  | $ | 1,374 |  |  | $ | 8,155 |  |  | $ | 7,239 |  |  | $ | (93) |  |  | $ | 16,675 |
Net income |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,362 |  |  |  |  | 1,362 |
Other comprehensive income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15 |  |  | 15 |
Dividends declared on common stock ($1.56 per share) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (859) |  |  |  |  | (859) |
Issuances of common stock | 2,084,785 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 108 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 113 |
Share-based compensation |  |  |  |  | 6 |  |  | (3) |  |  |  |  | 3 |
Balance at Sept. 30, 2023 | 551,662,803 |  |  | $ | 1,379 |  |  | $ | 8,269 |  |  | $ | 7,739 |  |  | $ | (78) |  |  | $ | 17,309 |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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Table of Contents
XCEL ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (UNAUDITED)
In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments necessary to present fairly, in accordance with GAAP, the financial position of Xcel Energy as of Sept. 30, 2023 and Dec. 31, 2022; the results of Xcel Energy’s operations, including the components of net income, comprehensive income, and changes in stockholders’ equity for the three and nine months ended Sept. 30, 2023 and 2022; and Xcel Energy’s cash flows for the nine months ended Sept. 30, 2023 and 2022.
All adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature, except as otherwise disclosed. Management has also evaluated the impact of events occurring after Sept. 30, 2023, up to the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements. These statements contain all necessary adjustments and disclosures resulting from that evaluation. The Dec. 31, 2022 balance sheet information has been derived from the audited 2022 consolidated financial statements included in the Xcel Energy Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended Dec. 31, 2022.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP on an annual basis have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Xcel Energy Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended Dec. 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on Feb. 23, 2023.
Due to the seasonality of Xcel Energy’s electric and natural gas sales, interim results are not necessarily an appropriate base from which to project annual results.

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The significant accounting policies set forth in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements in the Xcel Energy Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended Dec. 31, 2022 appropriately represent, in all material respects, the current status of accounting policies and are incorporated herein by reference.

2. Accounting Pronouncements

As of Sept. 30, 2023, there was no material impact from the recent adoption of new accounting pronouncements, nor expected material impact from recently issued accounting pronouncements yet to be adopted, on Xcel Energy’s consolidated financial statements.

3. Selected Balance Sheet Data

(Millions of Dollars) |  | Sept. 30, 2023 |  | Dec. 31, 2022
Accounts receivable, net |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable |  | $ | 1,347 |  |  | $ | 1,495 |
Less allowance for bad debts |  | (127) |  |  | (122) |
Accounts receivable, net |  | $ | 1,220 |  |  | $ | 1,373 |

(Millions of Dollars) |  | Sept. 30, 2023 |  | Dec. 31, 2022
Inventories |  |  |  |
Materials and supplies |  | $ | 368 |  |  | $ | 330 |
Fuel |  | 193 |  |  | 201 |
Natural gas |  | 127 |  |  | 272 |
Total inventories |  | $ | 688 |  |  | $ | 803 |

(Millions of Dollars) |  | Sept. 30, 2023 |  | Dec. 31, 2022
Property, plant and equipment, net |  |  |  |
Electric plant |  | $ | 51,377 |  |  | $ | 49,639 |
Natural gas plant |  | 9,005 |  |  | 8,514 |
Common and other property |  | 3,227 |  |  | 2,970 |
Plant to be retired (a) |  | 2,109 |  |  | 2,217 |
Construction work in progress |  | 2,951 |  |  | 2,124 |
Total property, plant and equipment |  | 68,669 |  |  | 65,464 |
Less accumulated depreciation |  | (18,363) |  |  | (17,502) |
Nuclear fuel |  | 3,282 |  |  | 3,183 |
Less accumulated amortization |  | (2,975) |  |  | (2,892) |
Property, plant and equipment, net |  | $ | 50,613 |  |  | $ | 48,253 |

(a)Amounts include Sherco Units 1, 2 and 3 and A.S. King for NSP-Minnesota; Comanche Units 2 and 3, Craig Units 1 and 2, Hayden Units 1 and 2 and coal generation assets at Pawnee pending facility gas conversion for PSCo; and Tolk and coal generation assets at Harrington pending facility gas conversion for SPS. Amounts are presented net of accumulated depreciation.

4. Borrowings and Other Financing Instruments

Short-Term Borrowings
Short-Term Debt — Xcel Energy Inc. and its utility subsidiaries meet their short-term liquidity requirements primarily through the issuance of commercial paper and borrowings under their credit facilities and term loan agreements.
Commercial paper and term loan borrowings outstanding for Xcel Energy:

(Amounts in Millions, Except Interest Rates) |  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2023 |  | Year Ended Dec. 31, 2022
Borrowing limit |  | $ | 3,550 |  |  | $ | 3,550 |
Amount outstanding at period end |  | — |  |  | 813 |
Average amount outstanding |  | 190 |  |  | 552 |
Maximum amount outstanding |  | 613 |  |  | 1,357 |
Weighted average interest rate, computed on a daily basis |  | 5.35 | % |  | 1.47 | %
Weighted average interest rate at period end |  | N/A |  | 4.66 |

Letters of Credit — Xcel Energy Inc. and its utility subsidiaries use letters of credit, generally with terms of one year, to provide financial guarantees for certain obligations. There were $46 million and $43 million of letters of credit outstanding under the credit facilities at both Sept. 30, 2023 and Dec. 31, 2022. Amounts approximate their fair value and are subject to fees.
Revolving Credit Facilities — In order to issue commercial paper, Xcel Energy Inc. and its utility subsidiaries must have revolving credit facilities equal to or greater than the commercial paper borrowing limits and cannot issue commercial paper exceeding available credit facility capacity. The lines of credit provide short-term financing in the form of notes payable to banks, letters of credit and back-up support for commercial paper borrowings.
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As of Sept. 30, 2023, Xcel Energy Inc. and its utility subsidiaries had the following committed revolving credit facilities available:

(Millions of Dollars) |  | Credit Facility (a) |  | Drawn (b) |  | Available
Xcel Energy Inc. |  | $ | 1,500 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,500 |
PSCo |  | 700 |  |  | 29 |  |  | 671 |
NSP-Minnesota |  | 700 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 685 |
SPS |  | 500 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 498 |
NSP-Wisconsin |  | 150 |  |  | — |  |  | 150 |
Total |  | $ | 3,550 |  |  | $ | 46 |  |  | $ | 3,504 |

(a)Expires in September 2027.
(b)Includes outstanding commercial paper and letters of credit.
Xcel Energy Inc., NSP-Minnesota, PSCo, and SPS each have the right to request an extension of the credit facility termination date for two additional one-year periods. NSP-Wisconsin has the right to request an extension of the credit facility termination date for an additional one-year period. All extension requests are subject to majority bank group approval.
All credit facility bank borrowings, outstanding letters of credit and outstanding commercial paper reduce the available capacity of the credit facility. Xcel Energy Inc. and its utility subsidiaries had no direct advances on the credit facilities outstanding as of Sept. 30, 2023 and Dec. 31, 2022.
Bilateral Credit Agreement
In April 2023, NSP-Minnesota’s uncommitted bilateral credit agreement was renewed for an additional one-year term. The credit agreement is limited in use to support letters of credit.
As of Sept. 30, 2023, NSP-Minnesota had $56 million of outstanding letters of credit under the $75 million bilateral credit agreement.
Long-Term Borrowings and Other Financing Instruments
During the nine months ended Sept. 30, 2023, Xcel Energy Inc. and its utility subsidiaries issued the following:
•Xcel Energy Inc. issued $800 million of 5.45% Senior Notes due August 15, 2033.
•PSCo issued $850 million of 5.25% first mortgage bonds due April 1, 2053.
•NSP-Minnesota issued $800 million of 5.10% first mortgage bonds due May 15, 2053.
•NSP-Wisconsin issued $125 million of 5.30% first mortgage bonds due June 15, 2053.
•SPS issued $100 million of 6.00% first mortgage bonds due September 15, 2053.
ATM Equity Offering — In November 2021, Xcel Energy Inc. filed a prospectus supplement under which it may sell up to $800 million of its common stock through an ATM program. In 2021, 5.33 million shares were issued (approximately $350 million in net proceeds and $3 million in transaction fees paid). In 2022, 4.30 million shares of common stock were issued (approximately $300 million in net proceeds and $3 million in transaction fees paid). In the nine months ended Sept. 30, 2023, 0.9 million shares were issued (approximately $62 million in net proceeds and $1 million in transaction fees paid). No shares were issued under the ATM program during the quarter ended Sept. 30, 2023. As of Sept. 30, 2023, approximately $88 million remained available for sale under the ATM program. Xcel Energy Inc. plans to file a new ATM program in 2023.
Equity through DRIP and Benefits Program — Xcel Energy issued $78 million and $59 million of equity through the DRIP and benefits programs during the nine months ended Sept. 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The programs allow shareholders to reinvest their dividends directly in Xcel Energy Inc. common stock.

5. Revenues

Revenue is classified by the type of goods/services rendered and market/customer type. Xcel Energy’s operating revenues consisted of the following:

|  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2023
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Electric |  | Natural Gas |  | All Other |  | Total
Major revenue types |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue from contracts with customers:
Residential |  | $ | 1,086 |  |  | $ | 125 |  |  | $ | 16 |  |  | $ | 1,227 |
C&I |  | 1,657 |  |  | 75 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 1,739 |
Other |  | 42 |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | 45 |
Total retail |  | 2,785 |  |  | 200 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 3,011 |
Wholesale |  | 244 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 244 |
Transmission |  | 178 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 178 |
Other |  | 9 |  |  | 33 |  |  | — |  |  | 42 |
Total revenue from contracts with customers |  | 3,216 |  |  | 233 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 3,475 |
Alternative revenue and other |  | 171 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 187 |
Total revenues |  | $ | 3,387 |  |  | $ | 245 |  |  | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | 3,662 |

|  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2022
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Electric |  | Natural Gas |  | All Other |  | Total
Major revenue types |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue from contracts with customers:
Residential |  | $ | 1,109 |  |  | $ | 181 |  |  | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | 1,305 |
C&I |  | 1,734 |  |  | 116 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 1,856 |
Other |  | 42 |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 44 |
Total retail |  | 2,885 |  |  | 297 |  |  | 23 |  |  | 3,205 |
Wholesale |  | 450 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 450 |
Transmission |  | 210 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 210 |
Other |  | 20 |  |  | 43 |  |  | — |  |  | 63 |
Total revenue from contracts with customers |  | 3,565 |  |  | 340 |  |  | 23 |  |  | 3,928 |
Alternative revenue and other |  | 134 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 154 |
Total revenues |  | $ | 3,699 |  |  | $ | 357 |  |  | $ | 26 |  |  | $ | 4,082 |

|  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2023
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Electric |  | Natural Gas |  | All Other |  | Total
Major revenue types |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue from contracts with customers:
Residential |  | $ | 2,708 |  |  | $ | 1,130 |  |  | $ | 44 |  |  | $ | 3,882 |
C&I |  | 4,347 |  |  | 622 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 4,996 |
Other |  | 115 |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | 120 |
Total retail |  | 7,170 |  |  | 1,752 |  |  | 76 |  |  | 8,998 |
Wholesale |  | 642 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 642 |
Transmission |  | 498 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 498 |
Other |  | 22 |  |  | 113 |  |  | — |  |  | 135 |
Total revenue from contracts with customers |  | 8,332 |  |  | 1,865 |  |  | 76 |  |  | 10,273 |
Alternative revenue and other |  | 419 |  |  | 61 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 491 |
Total revenues |  | $ | 8,751 |  |  | $ | 1,926 |  |  | $ | 87 |  |  | $ | 10,764 |

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|  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2022
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Electric |  | Natural Gas |  | All Other |  | Total
Major revenue types |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue from contracts with customers:
Residential |  | $ | 2,723 |  |  | $ | 1,100 |  |  | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | 3,853 |
C&I |  | 4,385 |  |  | 636 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 5,036 |
Other |  | 111 |  |  | — |  |  | 25 |  |  | 136 |
Total retail |  | 7,219 |  |  | 1,736 |  |  | 70 |  |  | 9,025 |
Wholesale |  | 1,027 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,027 |
Transmission |  | 518 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 518 |
Other |  | 55 |  |  | 125 |  |  | — |  |  | 180 |
Total revenue from contracts with customers |  | 8,819 |  |  | 1,861 |  |  | 70 |  |  | 10,750 |
Alternative revenue and other |  | 436 |  |  | 62 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 507 |
Total revenues |  | $ | 9,255 |  |  | $ | 1,923 |  |  | $ | 79 |  |  | $ | 11,257 |

6. Income Taxes

Reconciliation between the statutory rate and ETR:

|  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30 |  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
|  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Federal statutory rate |  | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | %
State tax (net of federal tax effect) |  | 5.0 |  |  | 4.9 |  |  | 4.9 |  |  | 4.9 |
(Decreases) increases: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Wind PTCs (a) |  | (13.8) |  |  | (12.3) |  |  | (27.3) |  |  | (25.2) |
Plant regulatory differences (b) |  | (5.3) |  |  | (5.8) |  |  | (5.5) |  |  | (5.5) |
Other tax credits, net operating loss & tax credits allowances |  | (1.1) |  |  | (1.2) |  |  | (1.2) |  |  | (1.4) |
Other (net) |  | (0.1) |  |  | (0.3) |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | (0.1) |
Effective income tax rate |  | 5.7 | % |  | 6.3 | % |  | (8.0) | % |  | (6.3) | %

(a)Wind PTCs are credited to customers (reduction to revenue) and do not materially impact net income.
(b)Plant regulatory differences primarily relate to the credit of excess deferred taxes to customers through the average rate assumption method. Income tax benefits associated with the credit are offset by corresponding revenue reductions.

7. Earnings Per Share

Basic EPS was computed by dividing the earnings available to common shareholders by the average weighted number of common shares outstanding. Diluted EPS was computed by dividing the earnings available to common shareholders by the diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding.
Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other agreements to issue common stock (i.e., common stock equivalents) were settled. The weighted average number of potentially dilutive shares outstanding used to calculate diluted EPS is calculated using the treasury stock method.
Common Stock Equivalents — Xcel Energy Inc. has common stock equivalents related to time-based equity compensation awards.
Stock equivalent units granted to Xcel Energy Inc.’s Board of Directors are included in common shares outstanding upon grant date as there is no further service, performance or market condition associated with these awards. Restricted stock issued to employees is included in common shares outstanding when granted.
Share-based compensation arrangements for which there is currently no dilutive impact to EPS include the following:
•Equity awards subject to a performance condition; included in common shares outstanding when all necessary conditions have been satisfied by the end of the reporting period.
•Liability awards subject to a performance condition; any portions settled in shares are included in common shares outstanding upon settlement.
Common shares outstanding used in the basic and diluted EPS computation:

|  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30 |  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
(Shares in Millions) |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Basic |  | 552 |  |  | 548 |  | 551 |  | 546
Diluted (a) |  | 552 |  | 548 |  |  | 552 |  |  | 546 |

(a)Diluted common shares outstanding included common stock equivalents of 0.3 million for the three months ended Sept. 30, 2023 and 2022. Diluted common shares outstanding included common stock equivalents of 0.2 million and 0.3 million for the nine months ended Sept. 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

8. Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities

Fair Value Measurements
Accounting guidance for fair value measurements and disclosures provides a hierarchical framework for disclosing the observability of the inputs utilized in measuring assets and liabilities at fair value.
•Level 1 — Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. The types of assets and liabilities included in Level 1 are actively traded instruments with observable actual trading prices.
•Level 2 — Pricing inputs are other than actual trading prices in active markets but are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. The types of assets and liabilities included in Level 2 are typically either comparable to actively traded securities or contracts or priced with models using highly observable inputs.
•Level 3 — Significant inputs to pricing have little or no observability as of the reporting date. The types of assets and liabilities included in Level 3 include those valued with models requiring significant judgment or estimation.
Specific valuation methods include:
Investments in equity securities and other funds — Equity securities are valued using quoted prices in active markets. The fair values for commingled funds are measured using NAVs. The investments in commingled funds may be redeemed for NAV with proper notice. Private equity commingled funds require approval of the fund for any unscheduled redemption, and such redemptions may be approved or denied by the fund at its sole discretion. Unscheduled distributions from real estate commingled funds may be redeemed with proper notice, however, withdrawals may be delayed or discounted as a result of fund illiquidity.
Investments in debt securities — Fair values for debt securities are determined by a third party pricing service using recent trades and observable spreads from benchmark interest rates for similar securities.
Interest rate derivatives — Fair values of interest rate derivatives are based on broker quotes that utilize current market interest rate forecasts.
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Commodity derivatives — Methods used to measure the fair value of commodity derivative forwards and options utilize forward prices and volatilities, as well as pricing adjustments for specific delivery locations, and are generally assigned a Level 2 classification. When contracts relate to inactive delivery locations or extend to periods beyond those readily observable on active exchanges, the significance of the use of less observable inputs on a valuation is evaluated and may result in Level 3 classification.
Electric commodity derivatives held by NSP-Minnesota and SPS include transmission congestion instruments, generally referred to as FTRs. FTRs purchased from an RTO are financial instruments that entitle or obligate the holder to monthly revenues or charges based on transmission congestion across a given transmission path.
The values of these instruments are derived from, and designed to offset, the costs of transmission congestion. In addition to overall transmission load, congestion is also influenced by the operating schedules of power plants and the consumption of electricity pertinent to a given transmission path. Unplanned plant outages, scheduled plant maintenance, changes in the relative costs of fuels used in generation, weather and overall changes in demand for electricity can each impact the operating schedules of the power plants on the transmission grid and the value of these instruments.
FTRs are recognized at fair value and adjusted each period prior to settlement. Given the limited observability of certain variables underlying the reported auction values of FTRs, these fair value measurements have been assigned a Level 3 classification.
Net congestion costs, including the impact of FTR settlements, are shared through fuel and purchased energy cost recovery mechanisms. As such, the fair value of the unsettled instruments (i.e., derivative asset or liability) is offset/deferred as a regulatory asset or liability.
Non-Derivative Fair Value Measurements
Nuclear Decommissioning Fund
The NRC requires NSP-Minnesota to maintain a portfolio of investments to fund the costs of decommissioning its nuclear generating plants. Assets of the nuclear decommissioning fund are legally restricted for the purpose of decommissioning these facilities. The fund contains cash equivalents, debt securities, equity securities and other investments. NSP-Minnesota uses the MPUC approved asset allocation for the investment targets by asset class for the qualified trust.
NSP-Minnesota recognizes the costs of funding the decommissioning over the lives of the nuclear plants, assuming rate recovery of all costs. Realized and unrealized gains on fund investments over the life of the fund are deferred as an offset of NSP-Minnesota’s regulatory asset for nuclear decommissioning costs. Consequently, any realized and unrealized gains and losses on securities in the nuclear decommissioning fund are deferred as a component of the regulatory asset.
Unrealized gains for the nuclear decommissioning fund were $1.1 billion and $1 billion as of Sept. 30, 2023 and Dec. 31, 2022, respectively, and unrealized losses were $86 million and $90 million as of Sept. 30, 2023 and Dec. 31, 2022, respectively.
Non-derivative instruments with recurring fair value measurements in the nuclear decommissioning fund:

|  | Sept. 30, 2023
|  |  |  | Fair Value
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Cost |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | NAV |  | Total
Nuclear decommissioning fund (a)
Cash equivalents |  | $ | 27 |  |  | $ | 27 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 27 |
Commingled funds |  | 731 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,059 |  |  | 1,059 |
Debt securities |  | 782 |  |  | — |  |  | 719 |  |  | 7 |  |  | — |  |  | 726 |
Equity securities |  | 509 |  |  | 1,200 |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,202 |
Total |  | $ | 2,049 |  |  | $ | 1,227 |  |  | $ | 721 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | 1,059 |  |  | $ | 3,014 |

(a)Reported in nuclear decommissioning fund and other investments on the consolidated balance sheets, which also includes $244 million of equity method investments and $135 million of rabbi trust assets and other miscellaneous investments.

|  | Dec. 31, 2022
|  |  |  | Fair Value
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Cost |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | NAV |  | Total
Nuclear decommissioning fund (a)
Cash equivalents |  | $ | 29 |  |  | $ | 29 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 29 |
Commingled funds |  | 803 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,178 |  |  | 1,178 |
Debt securities |  | 738 |  |  | — |  |  | 669 |  |  | 6 |  |  | — |  |  | 675 |
Equity securities |  | 406 |  |  | 999 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,000 |
Total |  | $ | 1,976 |  |  | $ | 1,028 |  |  | $ | 670 |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 1,178 |  |  | $ | 2,882 |

(a)Reported in nuclear decommissioning fund and other investments on the consolidated balance sheets, which also includes $219 million of equity investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries and $133 million of rabbi trust assets and other miscellaneous investments.
For the three and nine months ended Sept. 30, 2023 and 2022, there were immaterial Level 3 nuclear decommissioning fund investments or transfer of amounts between levels.
Contractual maturity dates of debt securities in the nuclear decommissioning fund as of Sept. 30, 2023:

|  | Final Contractual Maturity
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Due in 1 Year or Less |  | Due in 1 to 5 Years |  | Due in 5 to 10 Years |  | Due after 10 Years |  | Total
Debt securities |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 236 |  |  | $ | 257 |  |  | $ | 223 |  |  | $ | 726 |

Rabbi Trusts
Xcel Energy has established rabbi trusts to provide partial funding for future distributions of a deferred compensation plan. The fair value of assets held in the rabbi trusts were $81 million and $80 million at Sept. 30, 2023 and Dec. 31, 2022, respectively, comprised of cash equivalents and mutual funds (level 1 valuation methods). Amounts are reported in nuclear decommissioning fund and other investments on the consolidated balance sheet.
Derivative Activities and Fair Value Measurements
Xcel Energy enters into derivative instruments, including forward contracts, futures, swaps and options, for trading purposes and to manage risk in connection with changes in interest rates, and utility commodity prices.
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Interest Rate Derivatives — Xcel Energy enters into contracts that effectively fix the interest rate on a specified principal amount of a hypothetical future debt issuance. These financial swaps net settle based on changes in a specified benchmark interest rate, acting as a hedge of changes in market interest rates that will impact specified anticipated debt issuances. These derivative instruments are designated as cash flow hedges for accounting purposes, with changes in fair value prior to occurrence of the hedged transactions recorded as other comprehensive income.
As of Sept. 30, 2023, accumulated other comprehensive loss related to interest rate derivatives included $1 million of net losses expected to be reclassified into earnings during the next 12 months as the hedged transactions impact earnings. As of Sept. 30, 2023, Xcel Energy had no unsettled interest swaps outstanding.
See Note 11 for the financial impact of qualifying interest rate cash flow hedges on Xcel Energy’s accumulated other comprehensive loss included in the consolidated statements of common stockholder’s equity and in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
Wholesale and Commodity Trading — Xcel Energy Inc.’s utility subsidiaries conduct various wholesale and commodity trading activities, including the purchase and sale of electric capacity, energy, energy-related instruments and natural gas-related instruments, including derivatives. Xcel Energy is allowed to conduct these activities within guidelines and limitations as approved by its risk management committee, comprised of management personnel not directly involved in the activities governed by this policy.
Results of derivative instrument transactions entered into for trading purposes are presented in the consolidated statements of income as electric revenues, net of any sharing with customers. These activities are not intended to mitigate commodity price risk associated with regulated electric and natural gas operations. Sharing of these margins is determined through state regulatory proceedings as well as the operation of the FERC-approved joint operating agreement.
Commodity Derivatives — Xcel Energy enters into derivative instruments to manage variability of future cash flows from changes in commodity prices in its electric and natural gas operations. This could include the purchase or sale of energy or energy-related products, natural gas to generate electric energy, natural gas for resale and FTRs.
The most significant derivative positions outstanding at Sept. 30, 2023 and Dec. 31, 2022 for this purpose relate to FTR instruments administered by MISO and SPP. These instruments are intended to offset the impacts of transmission system congestion.
When Xcel Energy enters into derivative instruments that mitigate commodity price risk on behalf of electric and natural gas customers, the instruments are not typically designated as qualifying hedging transactions. The classification of unrealized losses or gains on these instruments as a regulatory asset or liability, if applicable, is based on approved regulatory recovery mechanisms.
As of Sept. 30, 2023, Xcel Energy had no commodity contracts designated as cash flow hedges.
Gross notional amounts of commodity forwards, options and FTRs:

(Amounts in Millions) (a)(b) |  | Sept. 30, 2023 |  | Dec. 31, 2022
Megawatt hours of electricity |  | 68 |  |  | 61 |
Million British thermal units of natural gas |  | 105 |  |  | 131 |

(a)Not reflective of net positions in the underlying commodities.
(b)Notional amounts for options included on a gross basis but weighted for the probability of exercise.
Consideration of Credit Risk and Concentrations — Xcel Energy continuously monitors the creditworthiness of counterparties to its interest rate derivatives and commodity derivative contracts prior to settlement and assesses each counterparty’s ability to perform on the transactions set forth in the contracts. Impact of credit risk was immaterial to the fair value of unsettled commodity derivatives presented on the consolidated balance sheets.
Xcel Energy’s utility subsidiaries’ most significant concentrations of credit risk with particular entities or industries are contracts with counterparties to their wholesale, trading and non-trading commodity activities.
As of Sept. 30, 2023, six of Xcel Energy’s ten most significant counterparties for these activities, comprising $62 million, or 31%, of this credit exposure, had investment grade credit ratings from S&P Global Ratings, Moody’s Investor Services or Fitch Ratings.
Three of the ten most significant counterparties, comprising $60 million, or 29%, of this credit exposure, were not rated by these external ratings agencies, but based on Xcel Energy’s internal analysis, had credit quality consistent with investment grade.
One of these significant counterparties, comprising $44 million, or 22%, of this credit exposure, had credit quality less than investment grade, based on internal analysis. Seven of these significant counterparties are municipal or cooperative electric entities, RTOs or other utilities.
Credit Related Contingent Features — Contract provisions for derivative instruments that the utility subsidiaries enter, including those accounted for as normal purchase and normal sale contracts and therefore not reflected on the consolidated balance sheets, may require the posting of collateral or settlement of the contracts for various reasons, including if the applicable utility subsidiary’s credit ratings are downgraded below its investment grade credit rating by any of the major credit rating agencies.
As of Sept. 30, 2023 and Dec. 31, 2022, there were $10 million and $4 million, respectively, of derivative liabilities with such underlying contract provisions, respectively.
Certain contracts also contain cross default provisions that may require the posting of collateral or settlement of the contracts if there was a failure under other financing arrangements related to payment terms or other covenants.
As of Sept. 30, 2023 and Dec. 31, 2022, there were approximately $77 million and $76 million of derivative liabilities with such underlying contract provisions, respectively.
Certain derivative instruments are also subject to contract provisions that contain adequate assurance clauses. These provisions allow counterparties to seek performance assurance, including cash collateral, in the event that a given utility subsidiary’s ability to fulfill its contractual obligations is reasonably expected to be impaired.
Xcel Energy had no collateral posted related to adequate assurance clauses in derivative contracts as of Sept. 30, 2023 and Dec. 31, 2022.
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Recurring Derivative Fair Value Measurements
Impact of derivative activity:

|  | Pre-Tax Fair Value Gains (Losses) Recognized During the Period in:
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Regulatory Assets and Liabilities
Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2023 |  |  |  |
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges: |  |
Interest rate |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | — |
Total |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | — |
Other derivative instruments: |  |  |  |
Electric commodity |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (23) |
Natural gas commodity |  | — |  |  | (5) |
Total |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (28) |
Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2023 |  |  |  |
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges: |  |
Interest rate |  | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | — |
Total |  | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | — |
Other derivative instruments: |  |  |  |
Electric commodity |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (134) |
Natural gas commodity |  | — |  |  | (1) |
Total |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (135) |
Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2022 |  |  |  |
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges: |  |  |  |
Other derivative instruments: |  |  |  |
Electric commodity |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6 |
Natural gas commodity |  | — |  |  | (6) |
Total |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2022 |  |  |  |
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges: |  |
Interest rate |  | $ | 21 |  |  | $ | — |
Total |  | $ | 21 |  |  | $ | — |
Other derivative instruments: |  |  |  |
Electric commodity |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 106 |
Natural gas commodity |  | — |  |  | (3) |
Total |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 103 |

|  | Pre-Tax (Gains) Losses Reclassified into Income During the Period from: |  | Pre-Tax Gains (Losses) Recognized During the Period in Income
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Regulatory Assets and Liabilities |
Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2023 |  |  |  |  |
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Interest rate |  | $ | 1 |  | (a) | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |
Total |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |
Other derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |
Electric commodity |  | — |  |  | 15 |  | (b) | — |  |
Total |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | — |  |
Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2023 |  |  |  |  |
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Interest rate |  | $ | 4 |  | (a) | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |
Total |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |
Other derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |
Commodity trading |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (6) |  | (c)
Electric commodity |  | — |  |  | 109 |  | (b) | — |  |
Natural gas commodity |  | — |  |  | 11 |  | (d) | (19) |  | (d)(e)
Total |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 120 |  |  | $ | (25) |  |
Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2022 |  |  |  |  |
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Interest rate |  | $ | 1 |  | (a) | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |
Total |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |
Other derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |
Commodity trading |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 13 |  | (c)
Electric commodity |  | — |  |  | 6 |  | (b) | — |  |
Total |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 13 |  |
Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2022 |  |  |  |  |
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Interest rate |  | $ | 5 |  | (a) | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |
Total |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |
Other derivative instruments:
Commodity trading |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 21 |  | (c)
Electric commodity |  | — |  |  | (31) |  | (b) | — |  |
Natural gas commodity |  | — |  |  | 4 |  | (d) | (17) |  | (d)(e)
Total |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (27) |  |  | $ | 4 |  |

(a)Recorded to interest charges.
(b)Recorded to electric fuel and purchased power. These derivative settlement gains and losses are shared with electric customers through fuel and purchased energy cost-recovery mechanisms, and reclassified out of income as regulatory assets or liabilities, as appropriate. FTR settlements are shared with customers and do not have a material impact on net income. Presented amounts reflect changes in fair value between auction and settlement dates, but exclude the original auction fair value.
(c)Recorded to electric revenues. Presented amounts do not reflect non-derivative transactions or margin sharing with customers.
(d)Recorded to cost of natural gas sold and transported. These losses are subject to cost-recovery mechanisms and reclassified out of income to a regulatory asset, as appropriate.
(e)Relates primarily to option premium amortization.
Xcel Energy had no derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges during the nine months ended Sept. 30, 2023 and 2022.
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Derivative assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:

|  | Sept. 30, 2023 |  | Dec. 31, 2022
|  | Fair Value |  | Fair Value Total |  | Netting (a) |  | Total |  | Fair Value |  | Fair Value Total |  | Netting (a) |  | Total
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  |  |  |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  |  |
Current derivative assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commodity trading |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 80 |  |  | $ | 39 |  |  | $ | 127 |  |  | $ | (86) |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | 32 |  |  | $ | 259 |  |  | $ | 33 |  |  | $ | 324 |  |  | $ | (242) |  |  | $ | 82 |
Electric commodity |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 99 |  |  | 99 |  |  | (4) |  |  | 95 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 177 |  |  | 177 |  |  | (2) |  |  | 175 |
Natural gas commodity |  | — |  |  | 7 |  |  | — |  |  | 7 |  |  | — |  |  | 7 |  |  | — |  |  | 19 |  |  | — |  |  | 19 |  |  | — |  |  | 19 |
Total current derivative assets |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 87 |  |  | $ | 138 |  |  | $ | 233 |  |  | $ | (90) |  |  | 143 |  |  | $ | 32 |  |  | $ | 278 |  |  | $ | 210 |  |  | $ | 520 |  |  | $ | (244) |  |  | 276 |
PPAs (b) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3 |
Current derivative instruments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 146 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 279 |
Noncurrent derivative assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commodity trading |  | $ | 18 |  |  | $ | 36 |  |  | $ | 57 |  |  | $ | 111 |  |  | $ | (40) |  |  | $ | 71 |  |  | $ | 34 |  |  | $ | 71 |  |  | $ | 74 |  |  | $ | 179 |  |  | $ | (89) |  |  | $ | 90 |
Total noncurrent derivative assets |  | $ | 18 |  |  | $ | 36 |  |  | $ | 57 |  |  | $ | 111 |  |  | $ | (40) |  |  | 71 |  |  | $ | 34 |  |  | $ | 71 |  |  | $ | 74 |  |  | $ | 179 |  |  | $ | (89) |  |  | 90 |
PPAs (b) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3 |
Noncurrent derivative instruments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 72 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 93 |

|  | Sept. 30, 2023 |  | Dec. 31, 2022
|  | Fair Value |  | Fair Value Total |  | Netting (a) |  | Total |  | Fair Value |  | Fair Value Total |  | Netting (a) |  | Total
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  |  |  |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  |  |
Current derivative liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1 |
Other derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commodity trading |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 117 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | 132 |  |  | $ | (90) |  |  | $ | 42 |  |  | $ | 29 |  |  | $ | 297 |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 332 |  |  | $ | (287) |  |  | $ | 45 |
Electric commodity |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | 4 |  |  | (4) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 2 |  |  | (2) |  |  | — |
Natural gas commodity |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13 |  |  | — |  |  | 13 |  |  | — |  |  | 13 |
Total current derivative liabilities |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 117 |  |  | $ | 11 |  |  | $ | 136 |  |  | $ | (94) |  |  | 42 |  |  | $ | 29 |  |  | $ | 311 |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 348 |  |  | $ | (289) |  |  | 59 |
PPAs (b) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 17 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 17 |
Current derivative instruments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 59 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 76 |
Noncurrent derivative liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commodity trading |  | $ | 22 |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | 42 |  |  | $ | 105 |  |  | $ | (46) |  |  | $ | 59 |  |  | $ | 43 |  |  | $ | 97 |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | 181 |  |  | $ | (98) |  |  | $ | 83 |
Total noncurrent derivative liabilities |  | $ | 22 |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | 42 |  |  | $ | 105 |  |  | $ | (46) |  |  | 59 |  |  | $ | 43 |  |  | $ | 97 |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | 181 |  |  | $ | (98) |  |  | 83 |
PPAs (b) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 24 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 30 |
Noncurrent derivative instruments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 83 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 113 |

(a)Xcel Energy nets derivative instruments and related collateral on its consolidated balance sheets when supported by a legally enforceable master netting agreement. At Sept. 30, 2023 and Dec. 31, 2022, derivative assets and liabilities include no obligations to return cash collateral. At Sept. 30, 2023 and Dec. 31, 2022, derivative assets and liabilities include rights to reclaim cash collateral of $12 million and $53 million, respectively. Counterparty netting amounts presented exclude settlement receivables and payables and non-derivative amounts that may be subject to the same master netting agreements.
(b)Xcel Energy currently applies the normal purchase exception to qualifying PPAs. Balance relates to specific contracts that were previously recognized at fair value prior to applying the normal purchase exception, and are being amortized over the remaining contract lives along with the offsetting regulatory assets and liabilities.
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Changes in Level 3 commodity derivatives:

|  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30
(Millions of Dollars) |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Balance at July 1 |  | $ | 209 |  |  | $ | 485 |
Purchases (a) |  | 1 |  |  | 4 |
Settlements (a) |  | (50) |  |  | (106) |
Net transactions recorded during the period: |  |  |  |
Gains recognized in earnings (b) |  | 18 |  |  | 16 |
Net (losses) gains recognized as regulatory assets and liabilities (a) |  | (36) |  |  | 3 |
Balance at Sept. 30 |  | $ | 142 |  |  | $ | 402 |
|  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
(Millions of Dollars) |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Balance at Jan. 1 |  | $ | 236 |  |  | $ | 19 |
Purchases (a) |  | 173 |  |  | 398 |
Settlements (a) |  | (126) |  |  | (286) |
Net transactions recorded during the period: |  |  |  |
Gains recognized in earnings (b) |  | 16 |  |  | 136 |
Net (losses) gains recognized as regulatory assets and liabilities (a) |  | (157) |  |  | 135 |
Balance at Sept. 30 |  | $ | 142 |  |  | $ | 402 |

(a)Relates primarily to NSP-Minnesota and SPS FTR instruments administered by MISO and SPP.
(b)Relates to commodity trading and is subject to substantial offsetting losses and gains on derivative instruments categorized as levels 1 and 2 in the income statement. See above tables for the income statement impact of derivative activity, including commodity trading gains and losses.
Fair Value of Long-Term Debt
As of Sept. 30, 2023, other financial instruments for which the carrying amount did not equal fair value:

|  | Sept. 30, 2023 |  | Dec. 31, 2022
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Carrying Amount |  | Fair Value |  | Carrying Amount |  | Fair Value
Long-term debt, including current portion |  | $ | 25,961 |  |  | $ | 21,484 |  |  | $ | 23,964 |  |  | $ | 20,897 |

Fair value of Xcel Energy’s long-term debt is estimated based on recent trades and observable spreads from benchmark interest rates for similar securities. Fair value estimates are based on information available to management as of Sept. 30, 2023 and Dec. 31, 2022, and given the observability of the inputs, fair values presented for long-term debt were assigned as Level 2.

9. Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefits

Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit)

|  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30
|  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Pension Benefits |  | Postretirement Health Care Benefits
Service cost |  | $ | 18 |  |  | $ | 24 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Interest cost (a) |  | 39 |  |  | 28 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 3 |
Expected return on plan assets (a) |  | (52) |  |  | (52) |  |  | (4) |  |  | (4) |
Amortization of prior service credit (a) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2) |
Amortization of net loss (a) |  | 6 |  |  | 19 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |
Settlement charge (b) |  | — |  |  | 55 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Net periodic benefit cost (credit) |  | 11 |  |  | 74 |  |  | 2 |  |  | (2) |
Effects of regulation |  | 11 |  |  | (37) |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |
Net benefit cost (credit) recognized for financial reporting |  | $ | 22 |  |  | $ | 37 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | (1) |

|  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
|  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Pension Benefits |  | Postretirement Health Care Benefits
Service cost |  | $ | 55 |  |  | $ | 73 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 1 |
Interest cost (a) |  | 119 |  |  | 83 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 11 |
Expected return on plan assets (a) |  | (157) |  |  | (156) |  |  | (13) |  |  | (13) |
Amortization of prior service credit (a) |  | (1) |  |  | (1) |  |  | (1) |  |  | (5) |
Amortization of net loss (a) |  | 17 |  |  | 56 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 2 |
Settlement charge (b) |  | — |  |  | 54 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Net periodic benefit cost (credit) |  | 33 |  |  | 109 |  |  | 5 |  |  | (4) |
Effects of regulation |  | 25 |  |  | (30) |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |
Net benefit cost (credit) recognized for financial reporting |  | $ | 58 |  |  | $ | 79 |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | (2) |

(a)The components of net periodic cost other than the service cost component are included in the line item “Other income, net” in the consolidated statements of income or capitalized on the consolidated balance sheets as a regulatory asset.
(b)A settlement charge is required when the amount of lump-sum distributions during the year is greater than the sum of the service and interest cost components of the annual net periodic pension cost. In the third quarter of 2022, as a result of lump-sum distributions during the 2022 plan year, Xcel Energy recorded a pension settlement charge of $55 million, the majority of which were not recognized in earnings due to the effects of regulation. A total of $7 million of those amounts were recorded in other expense in the third quarter of 2022.
In January 2023, contributions totaling $50 million were made across Xcel Energy’s pension plans. Xcel Energy does not expect additional pension contributions during 2023.
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10. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal
Xcel Energy is involved in various litigation matters in the ordinary course of business. The assessment of whether a loss is probable or is a reasonable possibility, and whether the loss or a range of loss is estimable, often involves a series of complex judgments about future events. Management maintains accruals for losses probable of being incurred and subject to reasonable estimation. Management is sometimes unable to estimate an amount or range of a reasonably possible loss in certain situations, including but not limited to when (1) the damages sought are indeterminate, (2) the proceedings are in the early stages, or (3) the matters involve novel or unsettled legal theories.
In such cases, there is considerable uncertainty regarding the timing or ultimate resolution, including a possible eventual loss. For current proceedings not specifically reported herein, management does not anticipate that the ultimate liabilities, if any, would have a material effect on Xcel Energy’s consolidated financial statements. Legal fees are generally expensed as incurred.
Gas Trading Litigation — e prime is a wholly owned subsidiary of Xcel Energy. e prime was in the business of natural gas trading and marketing but has not engaged in natural gas trading or marketing activities since 2003. Multiple lawsuits involving multiple plaintiffs seeking monetary damages were commenced against e prime and its affiliates, including Xcel Energy, between 2003 and 2009 alleging fraud and anticompetitive activities in conspiring to restrain the trade of natural gas and manipulate natural gas prices. Cases were all consolidated in the U.S. District Court in Nevada.
One case remains active which includes a multi-district litigation matter consisting of a Wisconsin purported class (Arandell Corp.). The Court issued a ruling in June 2022 granting plaintiffs’ class certification. In April 2023, the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals heard the defendants’ appeal challenging whether the district court properly assessed class certification. A decision relating to class certification is expected later this year. Xcel Energy considers the reasonably possible loss associated with this litigation to be immaterial.
Comanche Unit 3 Litigation — In 2021, CORE filed a lawsuit in Denver County District Court, alleging PSCo breached ownership agreement terms by failing to operate Comanche Unit 3 in accordance with prudent utility practices. In April 2022, CORE filed a supplement to include damages related to a 2022 outage. Also in 2022, CORE sent notice of withdrawal from the ownership agreement based on the same alleged breaches.
In February 2023, the court granted PSCo’s motion precluding CORE from seeking damages related to its withdrawal as part of the lawsuit. In September 2023, the court denied PSCo’s motion for summary judgment on other categories of damages and allowed CORE to seek approximately $253 million at trial (before interest), including an alleged $187 million reduction in the value of CORE’s ownership interest in the Comanche 3 facility and $60 million of alleged lost power costs.
On Oct. 25, 2023, the jury awarded CORE lost power damages of $26 million. PSCo recognized $34 million for the verdict in the third quarter of 2023, including estimated interest and other costs. PSCo intends to file an appeal of this decision.
Marshall Wildfire Litigation — In December 2021, a wildfire ignited in Boulder County, Colorado (the “Marshall Fire”), which burned over 6,000 acres and destroyed or damaged over 1,000 structures. On June 8, 2023, the Boulder County Sheriff’s Office released its Marshall Fire Investigative Summary and Review and its supporting documents (the “Sheriff’s Report”). According to an October 2022 statement from the Colorado Insurance Commissioner, the Marshall Fire is estimated to have caused more than $2 billion in property losses.
According to the Sheriff’s Report, on Dec. 30, 2021, a fire ignited on a residential property in Boulder, Colorado, located in PSCo’s service territory, for reasons unrelated to PSCo’s power lines. According to the Sheriff’s Report, approximately one hour and 20 minutes after the first ignition, a second fire ignited just south of the Marshall Mesa Trailhead in unincorporated Boulder County, Colorado, also located in PSCo’s service territory. According to the Sheriff’s Report, the second ignition started approximately 80 to 110 feet away from PSCo’s power lines in the area.
The Sheriff’s Report states that the most probable cause of the second ignition was hot particles discharged from PSCo’s power lines after one of the power lines detached from its insulator in strong winds, and further states that it cannot be ruled out that the second ignition was caused by an underground coal fire. According to the Sheriff’s Report, no design, installation or maintenance defects or deficiencies were identified on PSCo’s electrical circuit in the area of the second ignition. PSCo disputes that its power lines caused the second ignition.
As of Oct. 24, 2023, PSCo is aware of 14 complaints, certain of which have also named Xcel Energy Inc. as a defendant, on behalf of at least 675 plaintiffs relating to the Marshall Fire and expects that it may receive further complaints. The complaints generally allege that PSCo’s equipment ignited the Marshall Fire and assert various causes of action under Colorado law, including negligence, premises liability, trespass, nuisance, and inverse condemnation. In September 2023, the Boulder County District Court Judge consolidated eight lawsuits that were pending at that time into a single action for pretrial purposes and has subsequently consolidated additional lawsuits that have been filed.
Colorado courts do not apply strict liability in determining an electric utility company’s liability for fire-related damages. For inverse condemnation claims, Colorado courts assess whether a defendant acted with intent to take a plaintiff’s property or intentionally took an action which has the natural consequence of taking the property. For negligence claims, Colorado courts look to whether electric power companies have operated their system with a heightened duty of care consistent with the practical conduct of its business, and liability does not extend to occurrences that cannot be reasonably anticipated.
Under Colorado law, in a civil action other than a medical malpractice action, the total award for noneconomic loss is capped at $0.6 million per defendant for claims that accrued at the time of the Marshall Fire unless the court finds justification to exceed that amount by clear and convincing evidence, in which case the maximum doubles. Colorado law does not impose joint and several liability in tort actions. Instead, under Colorado law, a defendant is liable for the degree or percentage of the negligence or fault attributable to that defendant, except where the defendant conspired with another defendant. A jury’s verdict in a Colorado civil case must be unanimous.
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Colorado law caps punitive or exemplary damages to an amount equal to the amount of the actual damages awarded to the injured party, except the court may increase any award of punitive damages to a sum up to three times the amount of actual damages if the conduct that is the subject of the claim has continued during the pendency of the case or the defendant has acted in a willful and wanton manner during the action which further aggravated plaintiff’s damages.
In the event Xcel Energy Inc. or PSCo was found liable related to this litigation and were required to pay damages, such amounts could exceed our insurance coverage of approximately $500 million and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. However, due to uncertainty as to the cause of the fire and the extent and magnitude of potential damages, Xcel Energy Inc. and PSCo are unable to estimate the amount or range of possible losses in connection with the Marshall Fire.
Rate Matters and Other
Xcel Energy’s operating subsidiaries are involved in various regulatory proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. Until resolution, typically in the form of a rate order, uncertainties may exist regarding the ultimate rate treatment for certain activities and transactions. Amounts have been recognized for probable and reasonably estimable losses that may result. Unless otherwise disclosed, any reasonably possible range of loss in excess of any recognized amount is not expected to have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.
Sherco — In 2018, NSP-Minnesota and SMMPA (Co-owner of Sherco Unit 3) reached a settlement with GE related to a 2011 incident, which damaged the turbine at Sherco Unit 3 and resulted in an extended outage for repair. NSP-Minnesota notified the MPUC of its proposal to refund settlement proceeds to customers through the fuel clause adjustment.
In March 2019, the MPUC approved NSP-Minnesota’s settlement refund proposal. Additionally, the MPUC decided to withhold any decision as to NSP-Minnesota’s prudence in connection with the incident at Sherco Unit 3 until after conclusion of an appeal pending between GE and NSP-Minnesota’s insurers. In February 2020, the Minnesota Court of Appeals affirmed the district court’s judgment in favor of GE. In March 2020, NSP-Minnesota’s insurers filed a petition seeking additional review by the Minnesota Supreme Court. In April 2020, the Minnesota Supreme Court denied the insurers’ petition for further review, ending the litigation.
In January 2021, the OAG and DOC recommended that NSP-Minnesota refund approximately $17 million of replacement power costs previously recovered through the fuel clause adjustment. NSP-Minnesota subsequently filed its response, asserting that it acted prudently in connection with the Sherco Unit 3 outage, the MPUC has previously disallowed $22 million of related costs and no additional refund or disallowance is appropriate.
In July 2022, the MPUC referred the matter to the Office of Administrative Hearings to conduct a contested case on the prudence of the replacement power costs incurred by NSP-Minnesota. In June 2023, NSP-Minnesota and the DOC filed direct testimony. In September 2023, NSP-Minnesota, the DOC and the Office of the Attorney General filed rebuttal testimony. The DOC updated its recommendation to $56 million. A final decision by the MPUC is expected in mid-2024. A loss related to this matter is deemed remote.
MISO ROE Complaints — In November 2013 and February 2015, customer groups filed two ROE complaints against MISO TOs, which includes NSP-Minnesota and NSP-Wisconsin. The first complaint requested a reduction in base ROE transmission formula rates from 12.38% to 9.15% for the time period of Nov. 12, 2013 to Feb. 11, 2015, and removal of ROE adders (including those for RTO membership). The second complaint requested, for a subsequent time period, a base ROE reduction from 12.38% to 8.67%.
The FERC subsequently issued various related orders (including Opinion Nos. 569, 569A and 569B) related to ROE methodology/calculations and timing. NSP-Minnesota has processed refunds to customers for applicable complaint periods based on the ROE in the most recent applicable opinions.
The MISO TOs and various other parties have filed petitions for review of the FERC’s most recent applicable opinions at the D.C. Circuit. In August 2022, the D.C. Circuit ruled that FERC had not adequately supported its conclusions, vacated FERC’s related orders, and remanded the issue back to FERC for further proceedings, which remain pending. Additional exposure, if any, related to this matter is expected to be immaterial.
SPP OATT Upgrade Costs — Costs of transmission upgrades may be recovered from other SPP customers whose transmission service depends on capacity enabled by the upgrade under the SPP OATT. SPP had not been charging its customers for these upgrades, even though the SPP OATT had allowed SPP to do so since 2008. In 2016, the FERC granted SPP’s request to recover these previously unbilled charges and SPP subsequently billed SPS approximately $13 million.
In 2019, the FERC reversed its decision and ordered SPP to refund charges retroactively collected from its transmission customers, including SPS, related to periods before September 2015. Refunds received by SPS are expected to be given back to SPS customers through future rates. An appeal is now pending at the Eighth Circuit, in which a group of entities is challenging FERC’s decision to order refunds for these charges. SPS has intervened in that appellate proceeding in support of FERC.
In 2017, SPS filed a separate related complaint asserting SPP assessed upgrade charges to SPS in violation of the SPP OATT. In 2018, the FERC issued an order denying the SPS complaint. SPS filed a request for rehearing in 2018. The FERC subsequently issued a tolling order granting a rehearing for further consideration. If SPS’ complaint results in additional charges or refunds, SPS will seek to recover or refund the amount through future SPS customer rates. In 2020, SPS filed a petition for review of the FERC’s 2018 orders at the D.C. Circuit. In February 2022, FERC issued an order rejecting SPS’ request for hearing. In August 2023, the D.C. Circuit issued a decision upholding these decisions by FERC.
Environmental
MGP, Landfill and Disposal Sites
Xcel Energy is investigating, remediating or performing post-closure actions at twelve MGP, landfill or other disposal sites across its service territories, excluding sites that are being addressed under coal ash regulations.
Xcel Energy has recognized its best estimate of costs/liabilities from final resolution of these issues, however, the outcome and timing are unknown. In addition, there may be insurance recovery and/or recovery from other potentially responsible parties, offsetting a portion of costs incurred.
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Environmental Requirements — Water and Waste
Coal Ash Regulation — Xcel Energy’s operations are subject to federal and state regulations that impose requirements for handling, storage, treatment and disposal of solid waste. Under the CCR Rule, utilities are required to complete groundwater sampling around their applicable landfills and surface impoundments as well as perform corrective actions where offsite groundwater has been impacted.
As of Sept. 30, 2023, Xcel Energy had eight regulated ash units in operation.
PSCo has executed an agreement with a third party that will excavate and process ash for beneficial use (at two sites) at a cost of approximately $45 million. An estimated liability has been recorded and amounts are expected to be fully recoverable through regulatory mechanisms.
Investigation and feasibility studies for additional corrective action related to offsite groundwater are ongoing (at three Colorado sites). While the results are uncertain, additional costs are estimated to be at least $40 million. A liability has been recorded and is expected to be fully recoverable through regulatory mechanisms.
Federal Clean Water Act Section 316(b) — The Federal Clean Water Act requires the EPA to regulate cooling water intake structures to assure they reflect the best technology available for minimizing impingement and entrainment of aquatic species.
Estimated capital expenditures of approximately $50 million may be required to comply with the requirements. Xcel Energy anticipates these costs will be recoverable through regulatory mechanisms.
Monticello Tritium — Monticello regularly monitors onsite tritium levels (a weak radioactive isotope that is a byproduct of plant operations) from releases in groundwater monitoring wells onsite. In late 2022, Xcel Energy detected a release of tritium to groundwater and reported the event to the NRC and the State of Minnesota. Xcel Energy has completed repairs, replaced the source of the release and is in the process of mitigating the impact to groundwater, while continuing to monitor onsite wells and evaluating potential future actions for additional containment. The release does not represent a risk to human health or the environment.
Environmental Requirements — Air
Clean Air Act NOx Allowance Allocations — In June 2023, after disapproving state implementation plans, the EPA published final regulations under the "Good Neighbor" provisions of the Clean Air Act. The final rule applies to generation facilities in Minnesota, Texas and Wisconsin, as well as other states outside of our service territory. The rule establishes an allowance trading program for NOx that will impact Xcel Energy fossil fuel-fired electric generating facilities. Applicable facilities will have to secure additional allowances, install NOx controls and/or develop a strategy of operations that utilizes the existing allowance allocations. Guidelines are also established for allowance banking and emission limit backstops.
While the financial impacts of the final rule are uncertain and dependent on market forces and anticipated generation, Xcel Energy anticipates the annual costs could be significant, but would be recoverable through regulatory mechanisms.
SPS and NSP-Minnesota have joined other impacted companies in litigation challenging the EPA’s disapproval of Texas and Minnesota state implementation plans. Currently, the regulation is under a judicial stay for both Texas and Minnesota and not applicable to SPS and NSP-Minnesota until litigation concludes.
Regional Haze Rules — The EPA has proposed rules addressing Regional Haze compliance in Texas, which address requirements for reasonable progress at Tolk and BART at Harrington. As proposed, these rules would not require additional controls at either facility, in part due to the conversion of Harrington to gas in 2025 and the planned retirement of Tolk. These rules will be monitored until final versions are published.
Leases
Xcel Energy evaluates contracts that may contain leases, including PPAs and arrangements for the use of office space and other facilities, vehicles and equipment. A contract contains a lease if it conveys the exclusive right to control the use of a specific asset.
Components of lease expense:

|  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30
(Millions of Dollars) |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Operating leases |  |  |  |
PPA capacity payments |  | $ | 61 |  |  | $ | 59 |
Other operating leases (a) |  | 11 |  |  | 8 |
Total operating lease expense (b) |  | $ | 72 |  |  | $ | 67 |
Finance leases |  |  |  |
Amortization of ROU assets |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 1 |
Interest expense on lease liability |  | 4 |  |  | 4 |
Total finance lease expense |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | 5 |

(a)Includes short-term lease expense of $1 million for both 2023 and 2022.
(b)PPA capacity payments are included in electric fuel and purchased power on the consolidated statements of income. Expense for other operating leases is included in O&M expense and electric fuel and purchased power.

|  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
(Millions of Dollars) |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Operating leases |  |  |  |
PPA capacity payments |  | $ | 182 |  |  | $ | 182 |
Other operating leases (a) |  | 35 |  |  | 28 |
Total operating lease expense (b) |  | $ | 217 |  |  | $ | 210 |
Finance leases |  |  |  |
Amortization of ROU assets |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 3 |
Interest expense on lease liability |  | 12 |  |  | 12 |
Total finance lease expense |  | $ | 14 |  |  | $ | 15 |

(a)Includes short-term lease expense of $6 million and $4 million for 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(b)PPA capacity payments are included in electric fuel and purchased power on the consolidated statements of income. Expense for other operating leases is included in O&M expense and electric fuel and purchased power.
Commitments under operating and finance leases as of Sept. 30, 2023:

(Millions of Dollars) |  | PPA Operating Leases |  | Other Operating Leases |  | Total Operating Leases |  | Finance Leases (a)
Total minimum obligation |  | $ | 1,108 |  |  | $ | 293 |  |  | $ | 1,401 |  |  | $ | 220 |
Interest component of obligation |  | (139) |  |  | (101) |  |  | (240) |  |  | (156) |
Present value of minimum obligation |  | $ | 969 |  |  | 192 |  |  | 1,161 |  |  | 64 |
Less current portion |  |  |  |  |  | (231) |  |  | (2) |
Noncurrent operating and finance lease liabilities |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 930 |  |  | $ | 62 |

(a)Excludes certain amounts related to Xcel Energy’s 50% ownership interest in WYCO.
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Variable Interest Entities
Under certain PPAs, NSP-Minnesota, PSCo and SPS purchase power from IPPs for which the utility subsidiaries are required to reimburse fuel costs, or to participate in tolling arrangements under which the utility subsidiaries procure the natural gas required to produce the energy that they purchase. These specific PPAs create a variable interest in the IPP.
In addition, certain solar PPAs provide an option to purchase emission allowances or sharing provisions related to production credits generated by the solar facility under contract. These specific PPAs create a variable interest in the IPP.
Xcel Energy concluded that these entities are not required to be consolidated in its financial statements because it does not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entities’ economic performance.
The utility subsidiaries had approxi ma tely 4,053 MW an d 3,961 MW of capacity under long-term PPAs at Sept. 30, 2023 and Dec. 31, 2022, respectively, with entities that have been determined to be variable interest entities. The PPAs have expiration dates through 2041.
Other
Guarantees and Bond Indemnifications — Xcel Energy provides guarantees and bond indemnities, which guarantee payment or performance. Xcel Energy Inc.’s exposure is based upon the net liability under the agreements. Most of the guarantees and bond indemnities issued by Xcel Energy have a stated maximum amount.
As of Sept. 30, 2023 and Dec. 31, 2022, Xcel Energy had no assets held as collateral related to their guarantees, bond indemnities and indemnification agreements. Guarantees and bond indemnities issued and outstanding for Xcel Energy were approximately $76 million and $62 million at Sept. 30, 2023 and Dec. 31, 2022, respectively.
Other Indemnification Agreements — Xcel Energy provides indemnifications through various contracts. These are primarily indemnifications against adverse litigation outcomes in connection with underwriting agreements, as well as breaches of representations and warranties, including corporate existence, transaction authorization and income tax matters with respect to assets sold.
Xcel Energy’s obligations under these agreements may be limited in duration and amount. Maximum future payments under these indemnifications cannot be reasonably estimated.

11. Other Comprehensive Loss

Changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax :

|  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2023 |  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2022
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Gains and Losses on Cash Flow Hedges |  | Defined Benefit Pension and Postretirement Items |  | Total |  | Gains and Losses on Cash Flow Hedges |  | Defined Benefit Pension and Postretirement Items |  | Total
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at July 1 |  | $ | (44) |  |  | $ | (38) |  |  | $ | (82) |  |  | $ | (57) |  |  | $ | (46) |  |  | $ | (103) |
Other comprehensive gain before reclassifications |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 10 |  |  | 10 |
Losses reclassified from net accumulated other comprehensive loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate derivatives (a) | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |
Amortization of net actuarial loss (b) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |
Net current period other comprehensive income |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 12 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at Sept. 30 |  | $ | (40) |  |  | $ | (38) |  |  | $ | (78) |  |  | $ | (56) |  |  | $ | (35) |  |  | $ | (91) |

|  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2023 |  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2022
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Gains and Losses on Cash Flow Hedges |  | Defined Benefit Pension and Postretirement Items |  | Total |  | Gains and Losses on Cash Flow Hedges |  | Defined Benefit Pension and Postretirement Items |  | Total
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at Jan. 1 |  | $ | (54) |  |  | $ | (39) |  |  | $ | (93) |  |  | $ | (75) |  |  | $ | (48) |  |  | $ | (123) |
Other comprehensive gain before reclassifications |  | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 26 |
Losses reclassified from net accumulated other comprehensive loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate derivatives (a) |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |
Amortization of net actuarial loss (b) |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 2 |
Net current period other comprehensive income |  | 14 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 19 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 32 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at Sept. 30 |  | $ | (40) |  |  | $ | (38) |  |  | $ | (78) |  |  | $ | (56) |  |  | $ | (35) |  |  | $ | (91) |

(a)Included in interest charges.
(b)Included in the computation of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs.

12. Segment Information

Xcel Energy evaluates performance by each utility subsidiary based on profit or loss generated from the product or service provided including the regulated electric utility operating results of NSP-Minnesota, NSP-Wisconsin, PSCo and SPS, as well as the regulated natural gas utility operating results of NSP-Minnesota, NSP-Wisconsin and PSCo.
These segments are managed separately because the revenue streams are dependent upon regulated rate recovery, which is separately determined for each segment.
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Xcel Energy has the following reportable segments:
•Regulated Electric — The regulated electric utility segment generates, transmits and distributes electricity in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, North Dakota, South Dakota, Colorado, Texas and New Mexico. In addition, this segment includes sales for resale and provides wholesale transmission service to various entities in the United States. The regulated electric utility segment also includes wholesale commodity and trading operations.
•Regulated Natural Gas — The regulated natural gas utility segment transports, stores and distributes natural gas primarily in portions of Minnesota, Wisconsin, North Dakota, Michigan and Colorado.
Xcel Energy also presents All Other, which includes operating segments with revenues below the necessary quantitative thresholds. Those operating segments primarily include steam revenue, appliance repair services, non-utility real estate activities, revenues associated with processing solid waste into refuse-derived fuel and investments in rental housing projects that qualify for low-income housing tax credits.
Xcel Energy had equity method investments of $244 million and $219 million as of Sept. 30, 2023 and Dec. 31, 2022, respectively, included in the natural gas utility and all other segments.
Asset and capital expenditure information is not provided for Xcel Energy’s reportable segments. As an integrated electric and natural gas utility, Xcel Energy operates significant assets that are not dedicated to a specific business segment. Reporting assets and capital expenditures by business segment would require arbitrary and potentially misleading allocations, which may not necessarily reflect the assets that would be required for the operation of the business segments on a stand-alone basis.
Certain costs, such as common depreciation, common O&M expenses and interest expense are allocated based on cost causation allocators across each segment. In addition, a general allocator is used for certain general and administrative expenses, including office supplies, rent, property insurance and general advertising.
Xcel Energy’s segment information:

|  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30
(Millions of Dollars) |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Regulated Electric |  |  |  |
Total revenues |  | $ | 3,387 |  |  | $ | 3,699 |
Net income |  | 706 |  |  | 697 |
Regulated Natural Gas |  |  |  |
Operating revenues |  | $ | 245 |  |  | $ | 357 |
Intersegment revenue |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |
Total revenues |  | $ | 246 |  |  | $ | 358 |
Net loss |  | (21) |  |  | (7) |
All Other |  |  |  |
Total revenues |  | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | 26 |
Net loss |  | (29) |  |  | (41) |
Consolidated Total |  |  |  |
Total revenues |  | $ | 3,663 |  |  | $ | 4,083 |
Reconciling eliminations |  | (1) |  |  | (1) |
Total operating revenues |  | $ | 3,662 |  |  | $ | 4,082 |
Net income |  | 656 |  |  | 649 |

|  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
(Millions of Dollars) |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Regulated Electric |  |  |  |
Operating revenues |  | $ | 8,751 |  |  | $ | 9,255 |
Intersegment revenue |  | — |  |  | 1 |
Total revenues |  | $ | 8,751 |  |  | $ | 9,256 |
Net income |  | 1,352 |  |  | 1,312 |
Regulated Natural Gas |  |  |  |
Operating revenues |  | $ | 1,926 |  |  | $ | 1,923 |
Intersegment revenue |  | 3 |  |  | 1 |
Total revenues |  | $ | 1,929 |  |  | $ | 1,924 |
Net income |  | 116 |  |  | 148 |
All Other |  |  |  |
Total revenues |  | $ | 87 |  |  | $ | 79 |
Net loss |  | (106) |  |  | (103) |
Consolidated Total |  |  |  |
Total revenues |  | $ | 10,767 |  |  | $ | 11,259 |
Reconciling eliminations |  | (3) |  |  | (2) |
Total operating revenues |  | $ | 10,764 |  |  | $ | 11,257 |
Net income |  | 1,362 |  |  | 1,357 |

ITEM 2 — MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis by management focuses on those factors that had a material effect on Xcel Energy’s financial condition, results of operations and cash flows during the periods presented or are expected to have a material impact in the future. It should be read in conjunction with the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and the related notes to consolidated financial statements. Due to the seasonality of Xcel Energy’s operating results, quarterly financial results are not an appropriate base from which to project annual results.
The demand for electric power and natural gas is affected by seasonal differences in the weather. In general, peak sales of electricity occur in the summer months, and peak sales of natural gas occur in the winter months. As a result, the overall operating results may fluctuate substantially on a seasonal basis. Additionally, Xcel Energy’s operations have historically generated less revenues and income when weather conditions are milder in the winter and cooler in the summer.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
The following discussion includes financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP, as well as certain non-GAAP financial measures such as ongoing earnings and ongoing diluted EPS. Generally, a non-GAAP financial measure is a measure of a company’s financial performance, financial position or cash flows that adjusts measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
Xcel Energy’s management uses non-GAAP measures for financial planning and analysis, for reporting of results to the Board of Directors, in determining performance-based compensation and communicating its earnings outlook to analysts and investors. Non-GAAP financial measures are intended to supplement investors’ understanding of our performance and should not be considered alternatives for financial measures presented in accordance with GAAP. These measures are discussed in more detail below and may not be comparable to other companies’ similarly titled non-GAAP financial measures.
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Earnings Adjusted for Certain Items (Ongoing Earnings and Ongoing Diluted EPS)
GAAP diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other agreements to issue common stock (i.e., common stock equivalents) were settled. The weighted average number of potentially dilutive shares outstanding used to calculate Xcel Energy Inc.’s diluted EPS is calculated using the treasury stock method.
Ongoing earnings reflect adjustments to GAAP earnings (net income) for certain items. Ongoing diluted EPS for Xcel Energy is calculated by dividing net income or loss, adjusted for certain items, by the weighted average fully diluted Xcel Energy Inc. common shares outstanding for the period. Ongoing diluted EPS for each subsidiary is calculated by dividing the net income or loss for such subsidiary, adjusted for certain items, by the weighted average fully diluted Xcel Energy Inc. common shares outstanding for the period.
We use these non-GAAP financial measures to evaluate and provide details of Xcel Energy’s core earnings and underlying performance. For instance, to present ongoing earnings and ongoing diluted earnings per share, we may adjust the related GAAP amounts for certain items that are non-recurring in nature. We believe these measurements are useful to investors to evaluate the actual and projected financial performance and contribution of our subsidiaries. These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered as an alternative to measures calculated and reported in accordance with GAAP.
The following table provides a reconciliation of GAAP earnings (net income) to ongoing earnings:

|  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30 |  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
(Millions of Dollars) |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
GAAP net income |  | $ | 656 |  |  | $ | 649 |  |  | $ | 1,362 |  |  | $ | 1,357 |
Loss on Comanche Unit 3 litigation |  | 34 |  |  | — |  |  | 34 |  |  | — |
Less: tax effect of adjustment |  | (8) |  |  | — |  |  | (8) |  |  | — |
Ongoing earnings |  | $ | 682 |  |  | $ | 649 |  |  | $ | 1,388 |  |  | $ | 1,357 |

Comanche Unit 3 Litigation — As a result of an Oct. 25, 2023 jury verdict in Denver County District Court awarding CORE lost power damages and other costs, PSCo recognized a $34 million loss for the matter in the third quarter of 2023. Given the non-recurring nature of this specific item, it has been excluded from ongoing earnings.

Results of Operations

The only common equity securities that are publicly traded are common shares of Xcel Energy Inc. Diluted earnings and EPS of each subsidiary discussed below do not represent a direct legal interest in the assets and liabilities allocated to such subsidiary but rather represent a direct interest in our assets and liabilities as a whole.
Summarized diluted EPS for Xcel Energy:

|  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30 |  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
PSCo |  | $ | 0.41 |  |  | $ | 0.45 |  |  | $ | 0.97 |  |  | $ | 1.02 |
NSP-Minnesota |  | 0.47 |  |  | 0.49 |  |  | 0.95 |  |  | 0.94 |
SPS |  | 0.30 |  |  | 0.25 |  |  | 0.55 |  |  | 0.52 |
NSP-Wisconsin |  | 0.06 |  |  | 0.07 |  |  | 0.18 |  |  | 0.19 |
Earnings from equity method investments — WYCO |  | 0.01 |  |  | 0.01 |  |  | 0.03 |  |  | 0.02 |
Regulated utility (a) |  | 1.25 |  |  | 1.28 |  |  | 2.68 |  |  | 2.69 |
Xcel Energy Inc. and Other |  | (0.06) |  |  | (0.09) |  |  | (0.22) |  |  | (0.21) |
GAAP diluted EPS (a) |  | 1.19 |  |  | 1.18 |  |  | 2.47 |  |  | 2.48 |
Loss on Comanche Unit 3 litigation |  | 0.05 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.05 |  |  | — |
Ongoing diluted EPS (a) |  | $ | 1.23 |  |  | $ | 1.18 |  |  | $ | 2.52 |  |  | $ | 2.48 |

(a)Amounts may not add due to rounding.
Summary of Earnings
Xcel Energy — Xcel Energy’s third quarter GAAP diluted earnings were $1.19 per share in 2023 compared with $1.18 per share in the same period in 2022, and ongoing diluted earnings were $1.23 per share in 2023, compared with $1.18 per share in 2022. The increase in ongoing earnings per share was primarily driven by increased recovery of infrastructure investments, higher sales and demand and lower O&M expenses, partially offset by increased interest charges and depreciation. Fluctuations in electric and natural gas revenues associated with changes in fuel and purchased power and/or natural gas sold and transported generally do not significantly impact earnings (changes in costs are offset by the related variation in revenues).
PSCo — GAAP diluted earnings decreased $0.04 per share and ongoing diluted earnings increased $0.01 per share for the third quarter. Year-to-date GAAP diluted earnings decreased $0.05 per share and ongoing diluted earnings were flat. Year-to-date ongoing earnings primarily reflect higher recovery of infrastructure investment (electric and natural gas), which were offset by increased depreciation and interest charges.
NSP-Minnesota — GAAP and ongoing earnings decreased $0.02 per share for the third quarter of 2023 and increased $0.01 per share year-to-date. The year-to-date change was driven by increased recovery of electric infrastructure investments, partially offset by higher O&M expenses, interest charges and unfavorable weather.
SPS — GAAP and ongoing earnings increased $0.05 per share for the third quarter of 2023 and $0.03 year-to-date. The impact of regulatory rate outcomes and sales growth was partially offset by unfavorable weather, increased depreciation and interest expenses.
NSP-Wisconsin — GAAP and ongoing earnings decreased $0.01 per share for the third quarter of 2023 and year-to-date. Additional electric and natural gas infrastructure investment recoveries were offset by higher depreciation, O&M expenses and interest expenses.
Xcel Energy Inc. and Other — Primarily includes financing costs and interest income at the holding company and earnings from EIP funds equity method investments. Year-to-date fluctuations are largely attributable to increased interest rates.
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Changes in GAAP and Ongoing Diluted EPS
Components significantly contributing to changes in 2023 EPS compared to 2022:

Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share |  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30 |  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
GAAP and ongoing diluted EPS — 2022 |  | $ | 1.18 |  |  | $ | 2.48 |
Components of change - 2023 vs. 2022 |  |  |  |
(Lower) higher natural gas revenues, net of cost of natural gas sold and transported |  | (0.01) |  |  | 0.07 |
Lower conservation and demand side management expenses (offset in electric revenues) |  | 0.02 |  |  | 0.06 |
Higher other income (expense) |  | 0.02 |  |  | 0.05 |
Lower taxes (other than income taxes) |  | 0.01 |  |  | 0.05 |
Lower effective tax rate (ETR) (a) |  | 0.01 |  |  | 0.03 |
Higher depreciation and amortization |  | (0.02) |  |  | — |
Higher interest charges |  | (0.03) |  |  | (0.11) |
Higher (lower) electric revenues, net of electric fuel and purchased power |  | 0.01 |  |  | (0.08) |
Lower (higher) O&M expenses |  | 0.03 |  |  | (0.05) |
Loss on Comanche Unit 3 litigation |  | (0.05) |  |  | (0.05) |
Other, net |  | 0.02 |  |  | 0.02 |
GAAP diluted EPS — 2023 |  | 1.19 |  |  | 2.47 |
Loss on Comanche Unit 3 litigation |  | 0.05 |  |  | 0.05 |
Ongoing diluted EPS — 2023 (b) |  | $ | 1.23 |  |  | $ | 2.52 |

(a)Includes production tax credits (PTCs) and plant regulatory amounts, which are primarily offset as a reduction to electric revenues.
(b)Amounts may not add due to rounding.
Statement of Income Analysis
The following summarizes the items that affected the individual revenue and expense items reported in the consolidated statements of income.
Estimated Impact of Temperature Changes on Regulated Earnings —Unusually hot summers or cold winters increase electric and natural gas sales, while mild weather reduces electric and natural gas sales. The estimated impact of weather on earnings is based on the number of customers, temperature variances, the amount of natural gas or electricity historically used per degree of temperature and excludes any incremental related operating expenses that could result due to storm activity or vegetation management requirements.
As a result, weather deviations from normal levels can affect Xcel Energy’s financial performance. However, decoupling mechanisms in Colorado (mechanism expired in September 2023) and sales true-up mechanisms in Minnesota predominately mitigate the positive and adverse impacts of weather for the electric utility in those jurisdictions.
Degree-day or THI data is used to estimate amounts of energy required to maintain comfortable indoor temperature levels based on each day’s average temperature and humidity. HDD is the measure of the variation in the weather based on the extent to which the average daily temperature falls below 65° Fahrenheit. CDD is the measure of the variation in the weather based on the extent to which the average daily temperature rises above 65° Fahrenheit.
Each degree of temperature above 65° Fahrenheit is counted as one CDD, and each degree of temperature below 65° Fahrenheit is counted as one HDD. In Xcel Energy’s more humid service territories, a THI is used in place of CDD, which adds a humidity factor to CDD. HDD, CDD and THI are most likely to impact the usage of Xcel Energy’s residential and commercial customers. Industrial customers are less sensitive to weather. Typically, sales are not impacted in the first or fourth quarter due to THI or CDD.
Normal weather conditions are defined as either the 10, 20 or 30 year average of actual historical weather conditions. The historical period of time used in the calculation of normal weather differs by jurisdiction, based on regulatory practice. To calculate the impact of weather on demand, a demand factor is applied to the weather impact on sales. Extreme weather variations, windchill and cloud cover may not be reflected in weather-normalized estimates.
Percentage increase (decrease) in normal and actual HDD:

| Three Months Ended Sept. 30 |  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
| 2023 vs. Normal |  | 2022 vs. Normal |  | 2023 vs. 2022 |  | 2023 vs. Normal |  | 2022 vs. Normal |  | 2023 vs. 2022
HDD | (66.7) | % |  | (27.8) | % |  | (55.1) | % |  | (2.1) | % |  | 8.3 | % |  | (9.3) | %
CDD | 15.2 |  |  | 23.0 |  |  | (5.2) |  |  | 3.2 |  |  | 24.7 |  |  | (16.1) |
THI | 2.6 |  |  | 1.7 |  |  | — |  |  | 12.7 |  |  | 6.4 |  |  | 5.1 |

Weather — Estimated impact of temperature variations on EPS compared with normal weather conditions:

| Three Months Ended Sept. 30 |  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
| 2023 vs. Normal |  | 2022 vs. Normal |  | 2023 vs. 2022 |  | 2023 vs. Normal |  | 2022 vs. Normal |  | 2023 vs. 2022
Retail electric | $ | 0.032 |  |  | $ | 0.074 |  |  | $ | (0.042) |  |  | $ | 0.035 |  |  | $ | 0.123 |  |  | $ | (0.088) |
Decoupling and sales true-up | 0.007 |  |  | (0.032) |  |  | 0.039 |  |  | (0.015) |  |  | (0.055) |  |  | 0.040 |
Electric total | 0.039 |  |  | 0.042 |  |  | (0.003) |  |  | 0.020 |  |  | 0.068 |  |  | (0.048) |
Firm natural gas | (0.002) |  |  | — |  |  | (0.002) |  |  | 0.024 |  |  | 0.019 |  |  | 0.005 |
Decoupling | 0.001 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.001 |  |  | 0.001 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.001 |
Gas total | (0.001) |  |  | — |  |  | (0.001) |  |  | 0.025 |  |  | 0.019 |  |  | 0.006 |
Total | $ | 0.038 |  |  | $ | 0.042 |  |  | $ | (0.004) |  |  | $ | 0.045 |  |  | $ | 0.087 |  |  | $ | (0.042) |

Sales — Sales growth (decline) for actual and weather-normalized sales in 2023 compared to 2022:

|  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30
|  | PSCo |  | NSP-Minnesota |  | SPS |  | NSP-Wisconsin |  | Xcel Energy
Actual |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electric residential |  | (5.9) | % |  | 0.7 | % |  | 3.6 | % |  | 0.3 | % |  | (1.4) | %
Electric C&I |  | (2.0) |  |  | (1.6) |  |  | 6.5 |  |  | (2.3) |  |  | 0.5 |
Total retail electric sales |  | (3.4) |  |  | (0.8) |  | 5.7 |  |  | (1.6) |  |  | (0.1) |
Firm natural gas sales |  | 1.3 |  |  | — |  |  | N/A |  | (3.2) |  |  | 0.6 |

|  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30
|  | PSCo |  | NSP-Minnesota |  | SPS |  | NSP-Wisconsin |  | Xcel Energy
Weather-Normalized
Electric residential |  | 5.6 | % |  | 2.6 | % |  | 1.8 | % |  | 0.4 | % |  | 3.4 | %
Electric C&I |  | 1.7 |  |  | (1.8) |  |  | 6.0 |  |  | (2.5) |  |  | 1.3 |
Total retail electric sales |  | 3.0 |  |  | (0.4) |  |  | 4.9 |  |  | (1.7) |  |  | 1.9 |
Firm natural gas sales |  | 2.4 |  |  | 3.0 |  |  | N/A |  | 0.3 |  |  | 2.5 |

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|  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
|  | PSCo |  | NSP-Minnesota |  | SPS |  | NSP-Wisconsin |  | Xcel Energy
Actual |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electric residential |  | (4.4) | % |  | (0.1) | % |  | (3.3) | % |  | (2.6) | % |  | (2.4) | %
Electric C&I |  | (2.1) |  |  | (0.7) |  |  | 5.5 |  |  | (0.3) |  |  | 0.7 |
Total retail electric sales |  | (2.9) |  |  | (0.5) |  |  | 3.8 |  |  | (1.0) |  |  | (0.2) |
Firm natural gas sales |  | 4.9 |  |  | (10.7) |  |  | N/A |  | (12.7) |  |  | (1.6) |

|  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
|  | PSCo |  | NSP-Minnesota |  | SPS |  | NSP-Wisconsin |  | Xcel Energy
Weather-Normalized
Electric residential |  | 1.4 | % |  | 0.6 | % |  | 0.9 | % |  | (0.5) | % |  | 0.8 | %
Electric C&I |  | (0.2) |  |  | (0.9) |  |  | 5.7 |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | 1.2 |
Total retail electric sales |  | 0.3 |  |  | (0.4) |  |  | 4.7 |  |  | (0.3) |  |  | 1.1 |
Firm natural gas sales |  | 1.6 |  |  | (1.4) |  |  | N/A |  | (1.9) |  |  | 0.4 |

Weather-normalized electric sales growth (decline) — year-to-date
•PSCo — Residential sales increased due to a 1.3% increase in customers. The C&I sales decline was related to decreased use per customer, primarily in the manufacturing and agricultural sectors.
•NSP-Minnesota — Residential sales increased due to a 1.1% increase in customers, partially offset by a decreased use per customer. C&I sales declined due to decreased use per customer, due to general economic conditions.
•SPS — Residential sales growth was primarily attributable to a 0.7% increase in customers and increased use per customer. C&I sales increased due to higher use per customer, primarily driven by the energy sector.
•NSP-Wisconsin — Residential sales declined due to decreased use per customer, offset by a 0.7% increase in customers. C&I sales decline was associated with decreased use per customer, experienced largely in the manufacturing sector.
Weather-normalized natural gas sales growth (decline) — year-to-date
•Natural gas sales reflect a lower use per residential customer in all jurisdictions, partially offset by an increase in C&I use per customer in PSCo. In addition, residential and C&I customer growth was 1.2% and 0.7%, respectively.
Electric Margin
Electric margin is presented as electric revenues less electric fuel and purchased power expenses. Expenses incurred for electric fuel and purchased power are generally recovered through various regulatory recovery mechanisms. As a result, changes in these expenses are generally offset in operating revenues.
Electric revenues and fuel and purchased power expenses are impacted by fluctuations in the price of natural gas, coal and uranium. However, these price fluctuations generally have minimal earnings impact due to fuel recovery mechanisms. In addition, electric customers receive a credit for PTCs generated, which reduce electric revenue and income taxes.
Electric revenues, fuel and purchased power and margin:

|  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30 |  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
(Millions of Dollars) |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Electric revenues |  | $ | 3,387 |  |  | $ | 3,699 |  |  | $ | 8,751 |  |  | $ | 9,255 |
Electric fuel and purchased power |  | (1,181) |  |  | (1,497) |  |  | (3,328) |  |  | (3,772) |
Electric margin |  | $ | 2,206 |  |  | $ | 2,202 |  |  | $ | 5,423 |  |  | $ | 5,483 |

(Millions of Dollars) |  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2023 vs. 2022 |  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2023 vs. 2022
Revenue recognition for the Texas rate case surcharge (a) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (85) |
Conservation and demand side management (offset in expense) |  | (14) |  |  | (48) |
Estimated impact of weather (net of decoupling/sales true-up) |  | (2) |  |  | (34) |
PTCs flowed back to customers (offset by lower ETR) |  | (10) |  |  | (33) |
Non-fuel riders |  | 39 |  |  | 70 |
Sales and demand (b) |  | 18 |  |  | 38 |
Wholesale transmission (net) |  | (8) |  |  | 15 |
Regulatory rate outcomes (Minnesota, Colorado, Texas, New Mexico, Wisconsin, South Dakota and Michigan) |  | 1 |  |  | 13 |
Other (net) |  | (20) |  |  | 4 |
Total increase (decrease) |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | (60) |

(a)The decline in electric margin is due to the recognition of the Texas rate case outcome in the second quarter of 2022, which was largely offset by recognition of previously deferred costs.
(b)Sales excludes weather impact, net of partial decoupling in Colorado (mechanism expired in September) and sales true-up mechanism in Minnesota.
Natural Gas Margin
Natural gas margin is presented as natural gas revenues less the cost of natural gas sold and transported. Expenses incurred for the cost of natural gas sold are generally recovered through various regulatory recovery mechanisms. As a result, changes in these expenses are generally offset in operating revenues.
Natural gas expense varies with changing sales and the cost of natural gas. However, fluctuations in the cost of natural gas generally have minimal earnings impact due to cost recovery mechanisms.
Natural gas revenues, cost of natural gas sold and transported and margin:

|  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30 |  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
(Millions of Dollars) |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Natural gas revenues |  | $ | 245 |  |  | $ | 357 |  |  | $ | 1,926 |  |  | $ | 1,923 |
Cost of natural gas sold and transported |  | (70) |  |  | (173) |  |  | (1,084) |  |  | (1,134) |
Natural gas margin |  | $ | 175 |  |  | $ | 184 |  |  | $ | 842 |  |  | $ | 789 |

(Millions of Dollars) |  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2023 vs. 2022 |  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2023 vs. 2022
Regulatory rate outcomes (Colorado and Wisconsin) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 49 |
Estimated impact of weather (net of decoupling) |  | — |  |  | 5 |
Other (net) |  | (9) |  |  | (1) |
Total (decrease) increase |  | $ | (9) |  |  | $ | 53 |

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Non-Fuel Operating Expenses and Other Items
O&M Expenses — O&M expenses decreased $25 million for the third quarter and increased $37 million year-to-date. The year-to-date increase was primarily due to higher bad debt expenses; the impact of inflationary pressures, including labor increases and insurance, and unplanned maintenance at generating plants, offset by the change in deferred costs associated with the Texas Electric Rate Cases (offset in electric revenues) and impact of management cost containment actions.
Depreciation and Amortization — Depreciation and amortization increased $11 million for the third quarter and was flat year-to-date. Year-to-date activity is related to system expansion, offset by the recognition of previously deferred depreciation costs associated with the Texas Electric Rate Case in 2022 (approximately $40 million) and depreciation life extensions implemented in the Minnesota Electric Rate Case.
Taxes (other than Income Taxes) — Taxes decreased $5 million for the third quarter and $34 million year-to-date, primarily due to deferrals related to the Minnesota Electric Rate Case and the recognition of previously deferred costs associated with the Texas Electric Rate Case in 2022, partially offset by an increase in Colorado property tax expense.
Other Income (Expense) — Other income (expense) increased $18 million for the third quarter and $39 million year-to-date, largely related to interest earned on cash balances and rabbi trust performance, which is partially offset in O&M expenses (employee benefit costs).
Interest Charges — Interest charges increased $25 million for the third quarter and $85 million year-to-date, largely due to higher interest rates and increased long-term debt levels, partially offset by the recognition of previously deferred costs associated with the Texas Electric Rate Case in 2022.

Public Utility Regulation and Other

The FERC and various state and local regulatory commissions regulate Xcel Energy Inc.’s utility subsidiaries and West Gas Interstate. Xcel Energy is subject to rate regulation by state utility regulatory agencies, which have jurisdiction with respect to the rates of electric and natural gas distribution companies in Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin, Michigan, Colorado, New Mexico and Texas.
Rates are designed to recover plant investment, operating costs and an allowed return on investment. Our utility subsidiaries request changes in utility rates through commission filings. Changes in operating costs can affect Xcel Energy’s financial results, depending on the timing of rate cases and implementation of final rates. Other factors affecting rate filings are new investments, sales, conservation and demand side management efforts, and the cost of capital.
In addition, the regulatory commissions authorize the ROE, capital structure and depreciation rates in rate proceedings. Decisions by these regulators can significantly impact Xcel Energy’s results of operations.
Except to the extent noted below, the circumstances set forth in Public Utility Regulation included in Item 7 of Xcel Energy’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended Dec. 31, 2022 appropriately represent, in all material respects, the current status of public utility regulation and are incorporated herein by reference.
NSP-Minnesota
Upcoming, Pending and Recently Concluded Regulatory Proceedings
2022 Minnesota Electric Rate Case — In October 2021, NSP-Minnesota filed a three-year electric rate case with the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission (MPUC). The rate request was based on a ROE of 10.2%, a 52.5% equity ratio and forward test years. In December 2021, the MPUC approved interim rates, subject to refund, of $247 million, effective Jan. 1, 2022. In November 2022, NSP-Minnesota revised its rate request to $498 million over three years.
In July 2023, the MPUC approved a three-year rate increase of approximately $316 million for 2022-2024, based on a ROE of 9.25% and an equity ratio of 52.5%. The MPUC also approved a continuation of the sales true-up mechanism.
In October 2023, the MPUC denied NSP-Minnesota’s request for reconsideration of certain aspects of the decision. NSP-Minnesota plans to file an appeal of the decision to the Minnesota Court of Appeals in November 2023.
Interim rate refunds are scheduled to begin in the first quarter of 2024.
2024 Minnesota Natural Gas Rate Case — NSP-Minnesota plans to file a request with the MPUC for an annual natural gas rate case in November 2023.
2022 Minnesota Electric Vehicle Proposal — In August 2022, NSP-Minnesota filed a request with the MPUC for approval of approximately $320 million of capital investments (2022 through 2026) to support a public charging network, electric school bus pilot, and other expansions and modifications to its residential and commercial electric vehicle programs.
In June 2023, NSP-Minnesota filed to withdraw its request, which the MPUC approved in August.
Nuclear Power Operations
NSP-Minnesota owns two nuclear generating plants: the Monticello plant and the Prairie Island plant. See Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements of Xcel Energy’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended Dec. 31, 2022 for further information. The circumstances set forth in Nuclear Power Operations included in Item 7 of Xcel Energy’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended Dec. 31, 2022, appropriately represent, in all material respects, the current status of nuclear power operations.
NSP-Wisconsin
Pending Regulatory Proceedings
Wisconsin Rate Case — In April 2023, NSP-Wisconsin filed a Wisconsin rate case seeking an electric increase of $40 million (rate increase of 4.8%) and a natural gas increase of $9 million (rate increase of 5.3%). The rate filing is based on a 2024 forecast test year, a ROE of 10.25%, an equity ratio of 52.5% and a forecasted average net rate base of approximately $2.1 billion for the electric utility and $284 million for the natural gas utility.
On Sept. 1, 2023, the PSCW Staff recommended an electric base rate decrease of $3 million or (0.3)% when including depreciation, fuel and purchased power adjustments and a natural gas rate increase of $5 million, or 3.1%. The recommendation was based on a ROE of 9.7% and an equity ratio of 52.5%.
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In September 2023, NSP-Wisconsin filed rebuttal testimony and updated its request for depreciation life extensions and other updates. NSP-Wisconsin revised its requested rate increase to $25 million for the electric utility and $7 million for the natural gas utility. NSP-Wisconsin will update forecasted fuel costs before the Commission decision. Prudently incurred 2024 fuel costs will be trued up to actuals in a fuel reconciliation process, subject to a 2% band.
A PSCW decision is anticipated late fourth quarter 2023 with new rates effective in January 2024.
NSP System
2022 Upper Midwest IRP Resource Acquisition
Following the MPUC’s approval of NSP-Minnesota and NSP-Wisconsin’s latest IRP in April 2022, NSP-Minnesota and NSP-Wisconsin have been engaged in multiple resource acquisition processes and proceedings to meet the need identified in the IRP.
•In August 2022, NSP-Minnesota and NSP-Wisconsin jointly filed an RFP seeking at least 900 MW of solar or solar plus storage capacity. In May 2023, NSP-Minnesota filed a recommended portfolio, which proposed an additional 250 MW of self-build solar generation at the site of our retiring Sherco coal units and a 100 MW solar PPA located in Wisconsin as part of the resource plan RFP. In September 2023, the MPUC approved the request, subject to a cost cap based on projected costs for the Sherco solar project.
•In the second quarter of 2023, NSP-Minnesota initiated the process with the MPUC for acquisition of 800 MW of firm dispatchable resources. NSP-Minnesota and other companies can submit proposed resources by January 2024. NSP-Minnesota expects a decision by the fourth quarter of 2024.
•In July 2023, NSP-Wisconsin issued an RFP seeking approximately 650 MW of solar and/or solar plus storage development assets that will be developed in the 2027-2029 timeframe to replace the nameplate capacity associated with NSP-Minnesota’s retiring King Generating Station. The RFP closed in September 2023.
•In October 2023, NSP-Minnesota issued an RFP seeking approximately 1,200 MW of wind development assets to replace capacity and reutilize interconnection rights associated with the company’s retiring Sherco coal facilities. The RFP is scheduled to close in December 2023 and the Company expects to file for approval of recommended projects when contract negotiations with selected bidders are complete by mid-2024.
PSCo
Pending and Recently Concluded Regulatory Proceedings
Colorado Electric Rate Case — In November 2022, PSCo filed a Colorado electric rate case seeking a net increase of $262 million, or 8.2%. The total request reflects a $312 million increase (subsequently adjusted to $303 million in rebuttal), which includes $50 million of authorized costs previously recovered through various rider mechanisms. The request was based on a 10.25% ROE, an equity ratio of 55.7% and a 2023 forecast test year with a 2023 average rate base of $11.3 billion.
In September 2023, the CPUC approved a settlement between PSCo and various parties, which included the following terms:
•Retail revenue increase (excluding rider roll-ins) of $95 million (increase of 2.96%), based on a 2022 historic test year using year-end rate base with forward looking known and measurable adjustments.
•Weighted-average cost of capital of 6.95% (based on 55.69% equity ratio and 9.3% ROE).
•Termination of the revenue decoupling pilot with implementation of new rates.
•Continuation of previously authorized trackers and deferrals.
•Collection of PSCo’s requested 2023 TCA revenues, previously suspended by the CPUC. Beginning in 2024, projects eligible for recovery will be limited to projects which increase transmission capacity or are part of an approved wildfire mitigation plan.
Rates became effective in September 2023.
Colorado Resource Plan — In August 2022, the CPUC approved a settlement for the Colorado Resource Plan among PSCo and various intervenors. This settlement provides for an expected carbon reduction and the retirement of PSCo’s remaining coal plant by the end of 2030.
In September 2023, PSCo filed its recommended Preferred Plan. The filing also includes several other alternative scenarios. PSCo’s Preferred Plan results in the exit of coal by the end of 2030, roughly doubling wind and solar energy from 2022 levels, and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by more than 80% from 2005 levels. It also reflects an average annual rate impact of approximately 2.3% which is inclusive of generation and transmission network and interconnection costs.
The Preferred Plan includes the following resources:

Generation Resource (in MW) | Company Owned | PPAs | Total
Wind Resources | 2,531 |  | 875 |  | 3,406 |
Solar | 1,109 |  | 860 |  | 1,969 |
Storage | 500 |  | 670 |  | 1,170 |
Natural Gas | 628 |  | — |  | 628 |
Biomass | 19 |  | — |  | 19 |
Total | 4,787 |  | 2,405 |  | 7,192 |

If approved by the CPUC, Xcel Energy expects to invest $7.9 billion in generation resources. In addition, the plan requires approximately $2.9 billion of incremental investments in transmission capacity upgrades and new lines to fully integrate the renewable generation.
The CPUC is expected to render a decision on the recommended Preferred Plan by the end of 2023 or in early 2024.
ECA Fuel Recovery — In December 2022, PSCo filed its first quarter 2023 ECA Advice Letter, which sought to recover $123 million of under-recovered 2022 fuel costs over two quarters (instead of one quarter, as more typical). In December 2022, the CPUC found that the $123 million should be removed from the proposed ECA rates, and required PSCo to file a separate application to recover these costs.
In February 2023 and May 2023, PSCo submitted interim ECA filings which included $70 million and $25 million, respectively, of the 2022 under-recovered costs to be collected over the remainder of 2023.
In the third quarter, PSCo and CPUC Staff filed a settlement allowing for collection of the remaining amount, which after final adjustments was $37 million. This was opposed by the UCA. The ALJ held a hearing in October 2023 and is expected to issue a recommended decision in late 2023 or early 2024.
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Colorado Legislation — In May 2023, Colorado Senate Bill 23-291 passed and was signed into law. The bill includes a number of topics including natural gas and electric fuel incentive mechanisms, natural gas planning rules, regulatory filing requirements, and non-recovery of certain expenses (e.g., certain organizational or membership dues, tax penalties or fines). This legislation will require additional rulemaking from the CPUC prior to implementation. In particular, the legislation calls for gas utilities to file a gas price risk management plan by Nov. 1, 2023. In addition, the legislation calls for the CPUC to adopt rules by Jan. 1, 2025 to establish fuel cost mechanisms to align the financial incentives of a utility with the interests of the utility’s customers.
SPS
Pending and Recently Concluded Regulatory Proceedings
2022 New Mexico Electric Rate Case — In November 2022, SPS filed a New Mexico electric rate case seeking a revenue increase of $78 million, or 10%. In May 2023, SPS revised its request to $75 million. The request is based on a ROE of 10.75%, an equity ratio of 54.7%, a future test year ending June 30, 2024, rate base of $2.4 billion and acceleration of the Tolk coal plant depreciation life from 2032 to 2028.
In October 2023, the NMPRC approved a settlement between SPS, NMPRC Staff, and various parties, which included the following terms:
•Base rate revenue increase of $33 million, based on the filed future test year.
•ROE of 9.5%.
•Equity ratio of 54.7%.
•Acceleration of Tolk coal plant depreciation life to 2028.
Rates went into effect in October 2023.
2023 Texas Electric Rate Case — In February 2023, SPS filed a Texas electric rate case seeking an increase in base rate revenue of $149 million. In March 2023, SPS updated the filing, which increased the rate revenue request to $158 million (14% impact to customer bills). The request is based on a ROE of 10.65%, an equity ratio of 54.6% and retail rate base of $3.6 billion. Additionally, the request reflects the acceleration of the Tolk coal plant depreciation life from 2034 to 2028. SPS is requesting a surcharge from July 13, 2023 through the effective date of new base rates.
In September 2023, SPS and various parties reached a settlement in principle regarding the overall revenue requirement and key terms. The parties are still completing cost allocation and rate design settlement details and will file the settlement assuming finalization of remaining issues.
A PUCT decision is expected in the first quarter of 2024.
SPS and LP&L Contract Termination — SPS and LP&L have a 25-year, 170 MW partial requirements contract. In May 2021, SPS and LP&L finalized a settlement which would terminate the contract upon LP&L’s move from the SPP to the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (expected in 2023). The settlement agreement requires LP&L to pay SPS $78 million (to the benefit of SPS’ remaining customers). LP&L would remain obligated to pay for SPP transmission charges associated with LP&L’s load in SPP. The agreement has received PUCT approval. In September 2023, SPS received FERC approval.
2022 All-Source RFP — In July 2023, SPS filed a recommended portfolio, which includes 418 MW of self-build solar projects. A decision from PUCT and NMPRC is expected in mid-2024.
New Mexico Resource Plan — On Oct. 13, 2023, SPS filed its IRP with the NMPRC, which supports projected load growth and secures replacement energy and capacity for retiring resources. SPS presented three load forecasts ranging from a low load growth scenario to a stakeholder-driven high load growth forecast (the “Electrification Forecast”). Based on these forecast scenarios, SPS’ initial IRP modeling projects a total resource need ranging from approximately 5,300 MW to 10,200 MW by 2030. Upon acceptance of the IRP, SPS expects to issue an RFP for new generation in mid-2024. The RFP will be evaluated in the latter half of 2024 with project selection expected in early 2025.
Other
Supply Chain
Xcel Energy’s ability to meet customer energy requirements, respond to storm-related disruptions and execute our capital expenditure program are dependent on maintaining an efficient supply chain. Manufacturing processes have experienced disruptions related to scarcity of certain raw materials and interruptions in production and shipping. These disruptions have been further exacerbated by inflationary pressures, labor shortages and the impact of international conflicts/issues. Xcel Energy continues to monitor the situation as it remains fluid and seeks to mitigate the impacts by securing alternative suppliers, modifying design standards, and adjusting the timing of work.
Electric Meters and Transformers
Supply chain issues associated with semi-conductors have delayed the availability of advanced infrastructure meters, which led to a reduced number of meters deployed in 2022. While there have been improvements in the 2023 deployment plan, the supply chain challenges persist. As a result of delays, Xcel Energy projects impacts to deployment schedules into 2025.
Additionally, the availability of certain transformers is an industry-wide issue that has significantly impacted and in some cases may result in delays in projects and new customer connections. Proposed governmental actions related to transformer efficiency standards may compound these delays in the future. Xcel Energy continues to seek alternative suppliers and prioritize work plans to mitigate impacts of supply constraints.
Solar Resources
In August 2023, the U.S. Department of Commerce completed its anti-circumvention investigation and concluded that CSPV solar panels and cells imported from Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, and Cambodia would be subject to incremental tariffs ranging from 50% to 250%. These countries account for more than 80% of CSPV panel imports.
An interim stay on tariffs remains in effect until June 2024 and many significant solar projects have resumed with modified costs and projected in-service dates, including the Sherco Solar facility in Minnesota and certain PPAs in PSCo. Further policy action, a change in the interim stay of tariffs, or other restrictions on solar imports (e.g., as a result of implementation of the Uyghur Forced Labor Protection Act) or disruptions in solar imports from key suppliers could impact project timelines and costs.
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New Technology and Government Grants
Hydrogen Hub Grant
In October 2023, t he DOE selected the Heartland Hydrogen Hub, including multiple clean hydrogen projects from Xcel Energy, for award negotiations to receive up to $925 million. The Heartland Hydrogen Hub is one of seven selected to receive DOE funding. The hub includes Xcel Energy, Marathon Petroleum Corporation and TC Energy, in collaboration with the University of North Dakota’s Energy & Environmental Resource Center, to produce and use low-carbon hydrogen at commercial scale in Minnesota, Wisconsin, South Dakota, North Dakota and Montana. The hub aims to reduce carbon emissions by more than 1 million metric tons per year. Xcel Energy expects to receive a large portion of the federal award for its projects within the hub, subject to negotiations. In its application, Xcel Energy proposed investing up to $2 billion over a decade for clean hydrogen producing equipment and infrastructure, representing 75% of full program costs for the company’s portion of the hub. Project detailed design will begin after the Heartland Hydrogen Hub finishes award negotiations. Project development will likely continue through 2035.
Form Energy Long Duration Storage Grant
In September 2023, the DOE awarded Xcel Energy a $70 million grant to support our two 10 MW, 100-hour battery pilots with Form Energy. Xcel Energy expects to develop a 10 MW 100-hour-battery storage unit at the Sherco retiring coal plant site in Minnesota and the Comanche retiring coal plant site in Colorado. Combined with grants from Breakthrough Energy’s Catalyst Fund, Xcel Energy has secured $90 million to support these pilots, which will reduce the costs of the projects for our customers. Long duration energy storage systems are critical to achieve 100% carbon free generation and strengthen the grid from the variability of renewable energy.
Wildfire/Extreme Weather Grant
In October 2023, the DOE awarded Xcel Energy $100 million to support projects to mitigate the threat of wildfires and ensure resiliency of the grid through extreme weather. Xcel Energy plans to match the grant with $140 million of investment. The projects will take a number of steps to boost grid resiliency, including adding fire-resistant coatings to 6,000 wood poles, improving equipment safety features in power lines and electric vehicle chargers in high fire risk conditions, moving high-risk distribution circuits underground, and enhancing vegetation management. They will also build on current programs using emerging technology, such as drones aided by artificial intelligence that inspect power lines for safety, wind strength testing, satellite identification of trees that pose a risk and modeling software to predict how fires would spread.
JTIQ Grant
In October 2023, the DOE awarded a $464 million grant to Xcel Energy and several other utilities for five JTIQ projects. The projects are part of a collaboration between MISO and SPP that will help to fund the construction of high-voltage transmission lines that improve reliability and resolve constraints in the transmission system for up to 30 gigawatts of new generation. Xcel Energy is part of two of these project awards.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires the application of accounting rules and guidance, as well as the use of estimates. Application of these policies involves judgments regarding future events, including the likelihood of success of particular projects, legal and regulatory challenges and anticipated recovery of costs. These judgments could materially impact the consolidated financial statements, based on varying assumptions. The financial and operating environment also may have a significant effect on the operation of the business and results reported. Items considered critical, in addition to the matter noted below, are included within the Xcel Energy Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended Dec. 31, 2022.
Loss Contingencies – Marshall Fire
The outcomes of legal proceedings and claims brought against Xcel Energy related to the Marshall Fire are subject to uncertainty. An estimated loss from a loss contingency such as a legal proceeding or claim is accrued if it is probable of being incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Each reporting period we evaluate, among other factors, the degree of probability of an unfavorable outcome and the ability to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of loss. The process for evaluating any wildfire-related liabilities requires a series of complex judgments about past and future events. Factors such as the cause of the wildfire, the extent and magnitude of potential damages, and the status of investigations and legal proceedings are considered. See Note 10 accompanying the unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Environmental

Clean Air Act
Power Plant Greenhouse Gas Regulations — In May 2023, the EPA published proposed rules addressing control of CO 2 emissions from the power sector. The rule proposed regulations for new natural gas generating units under Clean Air Act Section 111(b) and emission guidelines for existing coal and certain natural gas generation under Clean Air Act Section 111(d). The proposed rules create subcategories of coal units based on planned retirement date and subcategories of natural gas combustion turbines and combined cycle units based on utilization. The CO 2 control requirements vary by subcategory. Until final rules are issued, it is not certain what the impact will be on Xcel Energy. Xcel Energy believes that the cost of these initiatives or replacement generation would be recoverable through rates based on prior state commission practices.
Coal Ash Regulation
In May 2023, the EPA published proposed rules to regulate legacy CCR surface impoundments at inactive facilities and previously exempt areas where CCR was placed directly on land at regulated CCR facilities under the CCR Rule for the first time. The proposed rule would subject these areas to the CCR Rule requirements, including groundwater monitoring, corrective action, closure, and post-closure care requirements, among other requirements, with several of the deadlines accelerated.
The EPA has committed to a May 2024 effective date for those new rules. It is also anticipated that the EPA may issue other CCR proposed rules in 2023 that further expand the scope of the CCR Rule. Until final rules are issued, it is not certain what the impact will be on Xcel Energy. Xcel Energy believes that the cost of these initiatives would be recoverable through rates based on prior state commission practices.
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Emerging Contaminants of Concern
PFAS are man-made chemicals that are widely used in consumer products and can persist and bio-accumulate in the environment. Xcel Energy does not manufacture PFAS but because PFAS are so ubiquitous in products and the environment, it may impact our operations.
In September 2022, the EPA proposed to designate two types of PFAS as “hazardous substances” under the CERCLA.
In March 2023, the EPA published a proposed rule that would establish enforceable drinking water standards for certain PFAS chemicals.
Xcel Energy provided comments related to both efforts described above through its regulatory coalitions. Final rules are expected in 2024. Costs are uncertain until a final rule is published.
The proposed rules could result in new obligations for investigation and cleanup. Xcel Energy is monitoring changes to state laws addressing PFAS. The impact of these proposed regulations is uncertain.
Effluent Limitation Guidelines
In March 2023, the EPA released a proposed rule under the Clean Water Act, setting forth proposed Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards for steam generating coal plants. This proposed rule establishes more stringent wastewater discharge standards for bottom ash transport water, flue-gas desulfurization wastewater, and combustion residuals leachate from steam electric power plants, particularly coal-fired power plants. Comments to the proposed regulations were submitted on May 30, 2023. The impact of these proposed regulations is uncertain until a final rule is published.

Derivatives, Risk Management and Market Risk

We are exposed to a variety of market risks in the normal course of business. Market risk is the potential loss that may occur as a result of adverse changes in the market or fair value for a particular instrument or commodity. All financial and commodity-related instruments, including derivatives, are subject to market risk.
Xcel Energy is exposed to the impact of adverse changes in price for energy and energy-related products, which is partially mitigated by the use of commodity derivatives. In addition to ongoing monitoring and maintaining credit policies intended to minimize overall credit risk, management takes steps to mitigate changes in credit and concentration risks associated with its derivatives and other contracts, including parental guarantees and requests of collateral. While we expect that the counterparties will perform on the contracts underlying our derivatives, the contracts expose us to credit and non-performance risk.
Distress in the financial markets may impact counterparty risk and the fair value of the securities in the nuclear decommissioning fund and pension fund.
Commodity Price Risk — We are exposed to commodity price risk in our electric and natural gas operations. Commodity price risk is managed by entering into long and short-term physical purchase and sales contracts for electric capacity, energy and energy-related products and fuels used in generation and distribution activities.
Commodity price risk is also managed through the use of financial derivative instruments. Our risk management policy allows us to manage commodity price risk within each rate-regulated operation per commission approved hedge plans.
Wholesale and Commodity Trading Risk — Xcel Energy conducts various wholesale and commodity trading activities, including the purchase and sale of electric capacity, energy, energy-related instruments and natural gas-related instruments, including derivatives. Our risk management policy allows management to conduct these activities within guidelines and limitations as approved by our risk management committee.
Fair value of net commodity trading contracts as of Sept. 30, 2023:

|  | Futures / Forwards Maturity
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Less Than 1 Year |  | 1 to 3 Years |  | 4 to 5 Years |  | Greater Than 5 Years |  | Total Fair Value
NSP-Minnesota (a) |  | $ | (3) |  |  | $ | (3) |  |  | $ | (4) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (10) |
NSP- Minnesota (b) |  | 1 |  |  | (7) |  |  | (4) |  |  | (1) |  |  | (11) |
PSCo (a) |  | 2 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 6 |
PSCo (b) |  | (14) |  |  | 6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (8) |
|  | $ | (14) |  |  | $ | (3) |  |  | $ | (5) |  |  | $ | (1) |  |  | $ | (23) |

|  | Options Maturity
(Millions of Dollars) |  | Less Than 1 Year |  | 1 to 3 Years |  | 4 to 5 Years |  | Greater Than 5 Years |  | Total Fair Value
NSP-Minnesota (b) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 16 |
PSCo (b) |  | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8 |
|  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 24 |

(a) Prices actively quoted or based on actively quoted prices.
(b) Prices based on models and other valuation methods.
Changes in the fair value of commodity trading contracts before the impacts of margin-sharing for the nine months ended Sept. 30:

(Millions of Dollars) |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Fair value of commodity trading net contracts outstanding at Jan. 1 |  | $ | (33) |  |  | $ | (33) |
Contracts realized or settled during the period |  | 1 |  |  | (11) |
Commodity trading contract additions and changes during the period |  | 33 |  |  | 31 |
Fair value of commodity trading net contracts outstanding at Sept. 30 |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | (13) |

A 10% increase and 10% decrease in forward market prices for Xcel Energy’s commodity trading contracts would have likewise increased and decreased pretax income from continuing operations, by approximately $4 million at Sept. 30, 2023, and approximately $9 million at Sept. 30, 2022. Market price movements can exceed 10% under abnormal circumstances.
The utility subsidiaries’ commodity trading operations measure the outstanding risk exposure to price changes on contracts and obligations using an industry standard methodology known as VaR. VaR expresses the potential change in fair value of the outstanding contracts and obligations over a particular period of time under normal market conditions.
The VaRs for the NSP-Minnesota and PSCo commodity trading operations, excluding both non-derivative transactions and derivative transactions designated as normal purchases and normal sales, calculated on a consolidated basis using a Monte Carlo simulation with a 95% confidence level and a one-day holding period, were as follows:

(Millions of Dollars) |  | Three Months Ended Sept. 30 |  | Average |  | High |  | Low
2023 |  | $ | 0.6 |  |  | $ | 1.0 |  |  | $ | 1.8 |  |  | $ | 0.5 |
2022 |  | 0.9 |  |  | 1.7 |  |  | 3.0 |  |  | 0.8 |

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Nuclear Fuel Supply — NSP-Minnesota has contracted for its 2023, 2024 and 2025 enriched nuclear material requirements, which are in various stages of processing in Canada, Europe and the United States. NSP-Minnesota is scheduled to take delivery of approximately 28% of its average enriched nuclear material requirements from Russia through 2030. Given the evolving situation in Ukraine and its global impacts, NSP-Minnesota has entered into additional new contracts that cover potential supply interruptions of nuclear material from Russia.
Interest Rate Risk — Xcel Energy is subject to interest rate risk. Our risk management policy allows interest rate risk to be managed through the use of fixed rate debt, floating rate debt and interest rate derivatives.
A 100-basis point change in the benchmark rate on Xcel Energy’s variable rate debt would impact pretax interest expense annually by approximately $2 million and $3 million in Sept. 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
NSP-Minnesota maintains a nuclear decommissioning fund, as required by the NRC. The nuclear decommissioning fund is subject to interest rate and equity price risk. The fund is invested in a diversified portfolio of debt securities, equity securities and other investments. These investments may be used only for the purpose of decommissioning NSP-Minnesota’s nuclear generating plants.
Fluctuations in equity prices or interest rates affecting the nuclear decommissioning fund do not have a direct impact on earnings due to the application of regulatory accounting. Realized and unrealized gains on the decommissioning fund investments are deferred as an offset of NSP-Minnesota’s regulatory asset for nuclear decommissioning costs.
The value of pension and postretirement plan assets and benefit costs are impacted by changes in discount rates and expected return on plan assets. Xcel Energy’s ongoing pension and postretirement investment strategy is based on plan-specific investment recommendations that seek to optimize potential investment risk and minimize interest rate risk associated with changes in the obligations as a plan’s funded status increases over time. The impacts of fluctuations in interest rates on pension and postretirement costs are mitigated by pension cost calculation methodologies and regulatory mechanisms that minimize the earnings impacts of such changes.
Credit Risk — Xcel Energy is also exposed to credit risk. Credit risk relates to the risk of loss resulting from counterparties’ nonperformance on their contractual obligations. Xcel Energy maintains credit policies intended to minimize overall credit risk and actively monitors these policies to reflect changes and scope of operations.
At Sept. 30, 2023, a 10% increase in commodity prices would have resulted in an increase in credit exposure of $32 million, while a decrease in prices of 10% would have resulted in a decrease in credit exposure of $28 million. At Sept. 30, 2022, a 10% increase in commodity prices would have resulted in an increase in credit exposure of $71 million, while a decrease in prices of 10% would have resulted in a decrease in credit exposure of $57 million.
Xcel Energy conducts credit reviews for all wholesale, trading and non-trading commodity counterparties and employs credit risk controls, such as letters of credit, parental guarantees, master netting agreements and termination provisions.
Credit exposure is monitored, and when necessary, the activity with a specific counterparty is limited until credit enhancement is provided. Distress in the financial markets could increase our credit risk.

Fair Value Measurements

Derivative contracts, with the exception of those designated as normal purchases and normal sales, are reported at fair value. Xcel Energy’s investments held in the nuclear decommissioning fund, rabbi trusts, pension and other postretirement funds are also subject to fair value accounting. See Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements for further information.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flows
Operating Cash Flows

(Millions of Dollars) |  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
Cash provided by operating activities — 2022 |  | $ | 3,167 |
Components of change — 2023 vs. 2022 |  |
Higher net income |  | 5 |
Non-cash transactions |  | (91) |
Changes in working capital |  | 812 |
Changes in net regulatory and other assets and liabilities |  | 460 |
Cash provided by operating activities — 2023 |  | $ | 4,353 |

Net cash provided by operating activities increased $1,186 million for the nine months ended Sept. 30, 2023 compared with the prior year. The increase was largely due to continued collections of prior year deferred net natural gas, fuel and purchased energy costs, as well as the impact of decreased natural gas prices on accounts payable and receivables.
Investing Cash Flows

(Millions of Dollars) |  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
Cash used in investing activities — 2022 |  | $ | (3,321) |
Components of change — 2023 vs. 2022 |  |
Increased capital expenditures |  | (915) |
Other investing activities |  | (56) |
Cash used in investing activities — 2023 |  | $ | (4,292) |

Net cash used in investing activities increased $971 million for the nine months ended Sept. 30, 2023 compared with the prior year. The increase in capital expenditures was largely due to continued system expansion.
Financing Cash Flows

(Millions of Dollars) |  | Nine Months Ended Sept. 30
Cash provided by financing activities — 2022 |  | $ | 105 |
Components of change — 2023 vs. 2022 |  |
Lower net short-term repayments |  | 34 |
Higher long-term debt issuances, net of repayments |  | 416 |
Lower proceeds from issuance of common stock |  | (73) |
Other financing activities |  | (60) |
Cash provided by financing activities — 2023 |  | $ | 422 |

Net cash provided by financing activities increased $317 million for the nine months ended Sept. 30, 2023 compared with the prior year. The increase was largely related to the amount/timing of debt issuances and repayments.
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Capital Requirements
Xcel Energy expects to meet future financing requirements by periodically issuing short-term debt, long-term debt, common stock, hybrid and other securities to maintain desired capitalization ratios.
Pension Fund — Xcel Energy’s pension assets are invested in a diversified portfolio of domestic and international equity securities, short-term to long-duration fixed income securities, and alternative investments, including private equity, real estate and hedge funds.
•In January 2023, contributions of $50 million were made across four of Xcel Energy’s pension plans.
•In 2022, contributions of $50 million were made across four of Xcel Energy’s pension plans.
•For future years, contributions will be made as deemed appropriate based on evaluation of various factors including the funded status of the plans, minimum funding requirements, interest rates and expected investment returns.
Capital Sources
Short-Term Funding Sources — Xcel Energy uses a number of sources to fulfill short-term funding needs, including operating cash flow, notes payable, commercial paper and bank lines of credit. The amount and timing of short-term funding needs depend on financing needs for construction expenditures, working capital and dividend payments.
Short-Term Investments — Xcel Energy Inc., NSP-Minnesota, NSP-Wisconsin, PSCo and SPS maintain cash operating and short-term investment accounts.
Revolving Credit Facilities — Xcel Energy Inc., NSP-Minnesota, PSCo and SPS each have the right to request an extension of their revolving credit facility termination date for two additional one-year periods beyond the September 2027 termination date. NSP-Wisconsin has the right to request an extension of the revolving credit facility termination date for an additional one-year period. All extension requests are subject to majority bank group approval.
As of October 23, 2023, Xcel Energy Inc. and its utility subsidiaries had the following committed credit facilities available to meet liquidity needs:

(Millions of Dollars) |  | Credit Facility (a) |  | Drawn (b) |  | Available |  | Cash |  | Liquidity
Xcel Energy Inc. |  | $ | 1,500 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,500 |  |  | $ | 19 |  |  | $ | 1,519 |
PSCo |  | 700 |  |  | 239 |  |  | 461 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 464 |
NSP-Minnesota |  | 700 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 685 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 693 |
SPS |  | 500 |  |  | — |  |  | 500 |  |  | 18 |  |  | 518 |
NSP-Wisconsin |  | 150 |  |  | — |  |  | 150 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 158 |
Total |  | $ | 3,550 |  |  | $ | 254 |  |  | $ | 3,296 |  |  | $ | 56 |  |  | $ | 3,352 |

(a)Credit facilities expire in September 2027.
(b)Includes outstanding commercial paper and letters of credit.
Short-Term Debt — Xcel Energy Inc., NSP-Minnesota, NSP-Wisconsin, PSCo and SPS each have individual commercial paper programs. As of Sept. 30, 2023, the authorized levels for these commercial paper programs are:
•$1.5 billion for Xcel Energy Inc.
•$700 million for PSCo.
•$700 million for NSP-Minnesota.
•$500 million for SPS.
•$150 million for NSP-Wisconsin.
Money Pool — Xcel Energy received FERC approval to establish a utility money pool arrangement with the utility subsidiaries, subject to receipt of required state regulatory approvals. The utility money pool allows for short-term investments in and borrowings between the utility subsidiaries.
Xcel Energy may make investments in the utility subsidiaries at market-based interest rates; however, the money pool arrangement does not allow the utility subsidiaries to make investments in Xcel Energy. The money pool balances are eliminated in consolidation. NSP-Minnesota, NSP-Wisconsin, PSCo and SPS participate in the money pool pursuant to approval from their respective state regulatory commissions.
Capital Expenditures — Base capital expenditures and incremental capital forecasts for Xcel Energy for 2024 through 2028 are as follows:

|  | Base Capital Forecast (Millions of Dollars)
By Regulated Utility |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2027 |  | 2028 |  | Total
PSCo |  | $ | 2,580 |  |  | $ | 2,940 |  |  | $ | 3,030 |  |  | $ | 3,070 |  |  | $ | 2,640 |  |  | $ | 14,260 |
NSP-Minnesota |  | 2,660 |  |  | 2,970 |  |  | 2,380 |  |  | 2,500 |  |  | 2,180 |  |  | 12,690 |
SPS |  | 910 |  |  | 780 |  |  | 660 |  |  | 870 |  |  | 830 |  |  | 4,050 |
NSP-Wisconsin |  | 570 |  |  | 600 |  |  | 570 |  |  | 600 |  |  | 650 |  |  | 2,990 |
Other (a) |  | (20) |  |  | — |  |  | 10 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 10 |
Total base capital expenditures |  | $ | 6,700 |  |  | $ | 7,290 |  |  | $ | 6,650 |  |  | $ | 7,050 |  |  | $ | 6,310 |  |  | $ | 34,000 |

(a)Other category includes intercompany transfers for safe harbor wind turbines.

|  | Base Capital Forecast (Millions of Dollars)
By Function |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2027 |  | 2028 |  | Total
Electric transmission |  | $ | 1,880 |  |  | $ | 2,150 |  |  | $ | 2,500 |  |  | $ | 2,840 |  |  | $ | 2,080 |  |  | $ | 11,450 |
Electric distribution |  | 1,720 |  |  | 1,840 |  |  | 2,030 |  |  | 2,200 |  |  | 2,410 |  |  | 10,200 |
Electric generation |  | 930 |  |  | 1,160 |  |  | 780 |  |  | 740 |  |  | 600 |  |  | 4,210 |
Natural gas |  | 740 |  |  | 680 |  |  | 630 |  |  | 620 |  |  | 570 |  |  | 3,240 |
Renewables |  | 670 |  |  | 740 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 20 |  |  | 20 |  |  | 1,490 |
Other |  | 760 |  |  | 720 |  |  | 670 |  |  | 630 |  |  | 630 |  |  | 3,410 |
Total base capital expenditures |  | $ | 6,700 |  |  | $ | 7,290 |  |  | $ | 6,650 |  |  | $ | 7,050 |  |  | $ | 6,310 |  |  | $ | 34,000 |

The base plan does not include any potential renewable generation assets associated with the Colorado recommended Preferred Plan (pending CPUC approval) and potential renewable generation additions at the NSP System and SPS, which could result in additional capital expenditures of approximately $10 billion. Xcel Energy generally expects to fund additional capital investment with approximately 40% equity and 60% debt.
Xcel Energy’s capital expenditure forecast is subject to continuing review and modification. Actual capital expenditures may vary from estimates due to changes in electric and natural gas projected load growth, safety and reliability needs, regulatory decisions, legislative initiatives (e.g., federal clean energy and tax policy), reserve requirements, availability of purchased power, alternative plans for meeting long-term energy needs, environmental initiatives and regulation, and merger, acquisition and divestiture opportunities.
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Financing for Capital Expenditures through 2028 — Xcel Energy issues debt and equity securities to refinance retiring maturities, reduce short-term debt, fund capital programs, infuse equity in subsidiaries, fund asset acquisitions and for other general corporate purposes. Current estimated financing plans of Xcel Energy for 2024 through 2028 (includes the impact of tax credit transferability):

(Millions of Dollars) |  |
Funding Capital Expenditures |  |
Cash from operations (a) |  | $ | 20,520 |
New debt (b) |  | 10,980 |
Equity through the DRIP and benefit program |  | 500 |
Other equity |  | 2,000 |
Base capital expenditures 2024-2028 |  | $ | 34,000 |
Maturing debt |  | $ | 3,780 |

(a)Net of dividends and pension funding.
(b)Reflects a combination of short and long-term debt; net of refinancing.
2023 Planned Financing Activity — During 2023, Xcel Energy plans to issue approximately $85 million of equity through the DRIP and benefit programs. In addition, we issued approximately $62 million of equity under the ATM program in 2023. Xcel Energy and its utility subsidiaries issued the following long-term debt:

Issuer |  | Security |  | Amount |  | Status |  | Tenor |  | Coupon
Xcel Energy |  | Unsecured Senior Notes |  | $ | 800 | million |  | Completed |  | 10 Year |  | 5.45%
PSCo |  | First Mortgage Bonds |  | 850 | million |  | Completed |  | 30 Year |  | 5.25
NSP-Minnesota |  | First Mortgage Bonds |  | 800 | million |  | Completed |  | 30 Year |  | 5.10
NSP-Wisconsin |  | First Mortgage Bonds |  | 125 | million |  | Completed |  | 30 Year |  | 5.30
SPS |  | First Mortgage Bonds |  | 100 | million |  | Completed |  | 30 Year |  | 6.00

Financing plans are subject to change, depending on legislative initiatives (e.g., federal tax law changes), capital expenditures, the development of a tax credit transferability market, regulatory outcomes, internal cash generation, market conditions and other factors.
Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements
Xcel Energy does not have any off-balance-sheet arrangements, other than those currently disclosed, that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.
Earnings Guidance and Long-Term EPS and Dividend Growth Rate Objectives
Xcel Energy 2023 Earnings Guidance — Xcel Energy’s 2023 ongoing earnings guidance is a narrowed range of $3.32 to $3.37 per share, from the original guidance of $3.30 to $3.40 per share.(a)
Key assumptions as compared with 2022 levels unless noted:
•Constructive outcomes in all pending rate case and regulatory proceedings.
•Normal weather patterns for the remainder of the year.
•Weather-normalized retail electric sales are projected to increase ~1% to 2%.
•Weather-normalized retail firm natural gas sales are projected to increase ~1%.
•Capital rider revenue is projected to increase $40 million to $50 million (net of PTCs).
•O&M expenses are projected to decline ~1% to 2%.
•Depreciation expense is projected to increase approximately $25 million to $35 million.
•Property taxes are projected to decrease $30 million to $35 million.
•Interest expense (net of AFUDC - debt) is projected to increase $90 million to $100 million.
•AFUDC - equity is projected to increase $10 million to $15 million.
•ETR is projected to be ~(9%) to (11%). The negative ETR is largely offset by PTCs flowing back to customers in the capital riders and fuel mechanisms and is largely earnings neutral.
Xcel Energy 2024 Earnings Guidance — Xcel Energy’s 2024 ongoing earnings guidance is a range of $3.50 to $3.60 per share.(a)
Key assumptions as compared with 2023 projected levels unless noted:
•Constructive outcomes in all pending rate case and regulatory proceedings.
•Normal weather patterns for the year.
•Weather-normalized retail electric sales are projected to increase 2% to 3%.
•Weather-normalized retail firm natural gas sales are projected to increase ~1%.
•Capital rider revenue is projected to increase $35 million to $45 million (net of PTCs).
•O&M expenses are projected to increase 1% to 2%.
•Depreciation expense is projected to increase approximately $250 million to $260 million.
•Property taxes are projected to increase $40 million to $50 million.
•Interest expense (net of AFUDC - debt) is projected to increase $115 million to $125 million.
•AFUDC - equity is projected to increase $40 million to $50 million.
•ETR is projected to be ~(4%) to (6%). The negative ETR is largely offset by PTCs flowing back to customers in the capital riders and fuel mechanisms and is largely earnings neutral.
(a)Ongoing earnings is calculated using net income and adjusting for certain nonrecurring or infrequent items that are, in management’s view, not reflective of ongoing operations. Ongoing earnings could differ from those prepared in accordance with GAAP for unplanned and/or unknown adjustments. As Xcel Energy is unable to quantify the financial impacts of any additional adjustments that may occur for the year, we are unable to provide a quantitative reconciliation of the guidance for ongoing EPS to corresponding GAAP EPS.
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Long-Term EPS and Dividend Growth Rate Objectives — Xcel Energy expects to deliver an attractive total return to our shareholders through a combination of earnings growth and dividend yield, based on the following long-term objectives:
• Deliver long-term annual EPS growth of 5% to 7% based off of a 2023 base of $3.35 per share, which represents the mid-point of the original 2023 guidance range of $3.30 to $3.40 per share.
• Deliver annual dividend increases of 5% to 7%.
• Target a dividend payout ratio of 60% to 70%.
• Maintain senior secured debt credit ratings in the A range.

ITEM 3 — QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

There have been no material changes to the market risk disclosure included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended Dec. 31, 2022 under “Derivatives, Risk Management and Market Risk.”

ITEM 4 — CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Xcel Energy maintains a set of disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms. In addition, the disclosure controls and procedures ensure that information required to be disclosed is accumulated and communicated to management, including the CEO and CFO, allowing timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
As of Sept. 30, 2023, based on an evaluation carried out under the supervision and with the participation of Xcel Energy’s management, including the CEO and CFO, of the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures, the CEO and CFO have concluded that Xcel Energy’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
No changes in Xcel Energy’s internal control over financial reporting occurred during the most recent fiscal quarter that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Xcel Energy’s internal control over financial reporting.
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1 — LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Xcel Energy is involved in various litigation matters in the ordinary course of business. The assessment of whether a loss is probable or is a reasonable possibility, and whether the loss or a range of loss is estimable, often involves a series of complex judgments about future events. Management maintains accruals for losses probable of being incurred and subject to reasonable estimation.
Management is sometimes unable to estimate an amount or range of a reasonably possible loss in certain situations, including but not limited to when (1) the damages sought are indeterminate, (2) the proceedings are in the early stages, or (3) the matters involve novel or unsettled legal theories. In such cases, there is considerable uncertainty regarding the timing or ultimate resolution of such matters, including a possible eventual loss.
For current proceedings not specifically reported herein, management does not anticipate that the ultimate liabilities, if any, would have a material effect on Xcel Energy’s consolidated financial statements. Legal fees are generally expensed as incurred.
See Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements and Part I Item 2 for further information.

ITEM 1A — RISK FACTORS

Xcel Energy’s risk factors are documented in Item 1A of Part I of its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended Dec. 31, 2022, which is incorporated herein by reference. There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in the Form 10-K.

ITEM 2 — UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchaser:
For the quarter ended Sept. 30, 2023, no equity securities that are registered by Xcel Energy Inc. pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 were purchased by or on behalf of us or any of our affiliated purchasers.

ITEM 5 — OTHER INFORMATION

None of the Company’s directors or officers adopted, modified, or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or a non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement during the Company’s fiscal quarter ended Sept. 30, 2023.
On October 25, 2023, the Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee of the Board of Directors approved and granted a $9,000,000 restricted stock unit award for Robert C. Frenzel, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, to incentivize his consistent leadership and continuity through Xcel Energy’s clean energy transition. The award was made under the Xcel Energy Inc. Amended and Restated 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan pursuant to the form of award agreement in Exhibit 10.26 to Xcel Energy’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, which is incorporated herein by reference. The award consisted of 152,336 restricted stock units that will vest 33% on February 28, 2027 and 67% on February 29, 2028 if Mr. Frenzel continues to be employed by Xcel Energy as of such dates.
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ITEM 6 — EXHIBITS

* | Indicates incorporation by reference

Exhibit Number | Description | Report or Registration Statement | Exhibit Reference
3.01* | Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Xcel Energy Inc., dated May 17, 2012 | Xcel Energy Inc. Form 8-K dated May 16, 2012 | 3.01
3.02* | Bylaws of Xcel Energy Inc., as Amended and Restated on August 23, 2023 | Xcel Energy Inc Form 8-K dated August 23, 2023 | 3.02
4.01* | Supplemental Indenture No. 17, dated as of August 3, 2023, by and between Xcel Energy Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A. (as successor to Wells Fargo Bank, National Association), as trustee, creating $800,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 5.45% Senior Notes, Series due August 15, 2033 | Xcel Energy Inc Form 8-K dated August 3, 2023 | 4.01
4.02* | Supplemental Indenture No. 10 dated as of August 21, 2023 between SPS and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association (as successor to U.S. Bank National Association), as Trustee, creating 6.00% First Mortgage Bonds, Series No. 10 due 2053 | SPS Form 8-K dated August 21, 2023 | 4.01
31.01 | Principal Executive Officer’s certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |  |
31.02 | Principal Financial Officer’s certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |  |
32.01 | Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |  |
101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document |  |
101.SCH | Inline XBRL Schema |  |
101.CAL | Inline XBRL Calculation |  |
101.DEF | Inline XBRL Definition |  |
101.LAB | Inline XBRL Label |  |
101.PRE | Inline XBRL Presentation |  |
104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) |  |

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  | XCEL ENERGY INC.
10/27/23 | By: | /s/ BRIAN J. VAN ABEL
|  | Brian J. Van Abel
|  | Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
|  | (Principal Accounting Officer and Principal Financial Officer)

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