| Operating Segments and Concentrations of Credit Risks |
Operating Segments and Concentrations of Credit Risk Operating Segments The Company's reportable operating segments are (1) CCUSA, primarily consisting of the Company's U.S. operations, and (2) CCAL, the Company's Australian operations. Financial results for the Company are reported to management and the board of directors in this manner. The measurement of profit or loss currently used by management to evaluate the results of operations for the Company and its operating segments is earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and accretion, as adjusted ("Adjusted EBITDA"). The Company defines Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) plus restructuring charges (credits), asset write-down charges, acquisition and integration costs, depreciation, amortization and accretion, interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs, gains (losses) on retirement of long-term obligations, net gain (loss) on interest rate swaps, impairment of available-for-sale securities, interest income, other income (expense), benefit (provision) for income taxes, cumulative effect of change in accounting principle, income (loss) from discontinued operations and stock-based compensation expense. Adjusted EBITDA is not intended as an alternative measure of operating results or cash flows from operations (as determined in accordance with GAAP), and the Company's measure of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. There are no significant revenues resulting from transactions between the Company's operating segments. Inter-company borrowings and related interest between segments are eliminated to reconcile segment results and assets to the consolidated basis. Noncontrolling interests primarily represent the noncontrolling shareholders' 22.4% interests in CCAL, the Company's 77.6% majority-owned subsidiary. The financial results for the Company's operating segments are as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Year Ended December 31, 2011 | | Year Ended December 31, 2010 | | Year Ended December 31, 2009 | | CCUSA | | CCAL | | Elim(a) | | Consolidated Total | | CCUSA | | CCAL | | Elim(a) | | Consolidated Total | | CCUSA | | CCAL | | Elim(a) | | Consolidated Total | Net revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Site rental | $ | 1,744,993 |
| | $ | 108,557 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 1,853,550 |
| | $ | 1,608,141 |
| | $ | 92,620 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 1,700,761 |
| | $ | 1,466,552 |
| | $ | 76,640 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 1,543,192 |
| Network services and other | 161,522 |
| | 17,657 |
| | — |
| | 179,179 |
| | 168,101 |
| | 9,796 |
| | — |
| | 177,897 |
| | 134,545 |
| | 7,670 |
| | — |
| | 142,215 |
| Net revenues | 1,906,515 |
| | 126,214 |
| | — |
| | 2,032,729 |
| | 1,776,242 |
| | 102,416 |
| | — |
| | 1,878,658 |
| | 1,601,097 |
| | 84,310 |
| | — |
| | 1,685,407 |
| Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Costs of operations(b): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Site rental | 446,868 |
| | 34,530 |
| | — |
| | 481,398 |
| | 437,812 |
| | 29,324 |
| | — |
| | 467,136 |
| | 433,481 |
| | 23,079 |
| | — |
| | 456,560 |
| Network services and other | 96,057 |
| | 10,930 |
| | — |
| | 106,987 |
| | 107,668 |
| | 6,573 |
| | — |
| | 114,241 |
| | 88,393 |
| | 4,415 |
| | — |
| | 92,808 |
| General and administrative | 151,737 |
| | 21,756 |
| | — |
| | 173,493 |
| | 148,374 |
| | 16,982 |
| | — |
| | 165,356 |
| | 141,149 |
| | 11,923 |
| | — |
| | 153,072 |
| Asset write-down charges | 21,986 |
| | 299 |
| | — |
| | 22,285 |
| | 13,243 |
| | 444 |
| | — |
| | 13,687 |
| | 18,611 |
| | 626 |
| | — |
| | 19,237 |
| Acquisition and integration costs | 3,310 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 3,310 |
| | 2,102 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 2,102 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| Depreciation, amortization and accretion | 522,681 |
| | 30,270 |
| | — |
| | 552,951 |
| | 513,433 |
| | 27,338 |
| | — |
| | 540,771 |
| | 502,017 |
| | 27,722 |
| | — |
| | 529,739 |
| Total operating expenses | 1,242,639 |
| | 97,785 |
| | — |
| | 1,340,424 |
| | 1,222,632 |
| | 80,661 |
| | — |
| | 1,303,293 |
| | 1,183,651 |
| | 67,765 |
| | — |
| | 1,251,416 |
| Operating income (loss) | 663,876 |
| | 28,429 |
| | — |
| | 692,305 |
| | 553,610 |
| | 21,755 |
| | — |
| | 575,365 |
| | 417,446 |
| | 16,545 |
| | — |
| | 433,991 |
| Interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs | (507,264 | ) | | (22,974 | ) | | 22,651 |
| | (507,587 | ) | | (488,863 | ) | | (21,381 | ) | | 19,975 |
| | (490,269 | ) | | (443,960 | ) | | (15,403 | ) | | 13,481 |
| | (445,882 | ) | Gains (losses) on retirement of long-term obligations | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (138,367 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (138,367 | ) | | (91,079 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (91,079 | ) | Net gain (loss) on interest rate swaps | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (286,435 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (286,435 | ) | | (92,966 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (92,966 | ) | Interest income | 187 |
| | 479 |
| | — |
| | 666 |
| | 1,888 |
| | 316 |
| | — |
| | 2,204 |
| | 2,810 |
| | 157 |
| | — |
| | 2,967 |
| Other income (expense) | 17,048 |
| | 26 |
| | (22,651 | ) | | (5,577 | ) | | 19,151 |
| | 221 |
| | (19,975 | ) | | (603 | ) | | 14,619 |
| | 1,308 |
| | (13,481 | ) | | 2,446 |
| Benefit (provision) for income taxes | (6,126 | ) | | (2,221 | ) | | — |
| | (8,347 | ) | | 28,808 |
| | (1,962 | ) | | — |
| | 26,846 |
| | 77,718 |
| | (1,318 | ) | | — |
| | 76,400 |
| Net income (loss) | 167,721 |
| | 3,739 |
| | — |
| | 171,460 |
| | (310,208 | ) | | (1,051 | ) | | — |
| | (311,259 | ) | | (115,412 | ) | | 1,289 |
| | — |
| | (114,123 | ) | Less: Net income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest | (348 | ) | | 731 |
| | — |
| | 383 |
| | — |
| | (319 | ) | | — |
| | (319 | ) | | — |
| | 209 |
| | — |
| | 209 |
| Net income (loss) attributable to CCIC stockholders | $ | 168,069 |
| | $ | 3,008 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 171,077 |
| | $ | (310,208 | ) | | $ | (732 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | (310,940 | ) | | $ | (115,412 | ) | | $ | 1,080 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (114,332 | ) | Capital expenditures | $ | 333,862 |
| | $ | 14,080 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 347,942 |
| | $ | 216,556 |
| | $ | 11,502 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 228,058 |
| | $ | 166,883 |
| | $ | 6,652 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 173,535 |
| Total assets (at year end) | $ | 10,497,387 |
| | $ | 341,852 |
| | $ | (294,143 | ) | | $ | 10,545,096 |
| | $ | 10,439,827 |
| | $ | 339,093 |
| | $ | (309,391 | ) | | $ | 10,469,529 |
| | | | | | | | | Goodwill | $ | 2,034,683 |
| | $ | 707 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 2,035,390 |
| | $ | 2,028,590 |
| | $ | 706 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 2,029,296 |
| | | | | | | | |
____________________ | | (a) | Elimination of inter-company borrowings and related interest expense. |
| | (b) | Exclusive of depreciation, amortization and accretion shown separately. |
The following are reconciliations of net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Year Ended December 31, 2011 | | Year Ended December 31, 2010 | | Year Ended December 31, 2009 | | CCUSA | | CCAL | | Elim(a) | | Consolidated Total | | CCUSA | | CCAL | | Elim(a) | | Consolidated Total | | CCUSA | | CCAL | | Elim(a) | | Consolidated Total | Net income (loss) | $ | 167,721 |
| | $ | 3,739 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 171,460 |
| | $ | (310,208 | ) | | $ | (1,051 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | (311,259 | ) | | $ | (115,412 | ) | | $ | 1,289 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (114,123 | ) | Adjustments to increase (decrease) net income (loss): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Asset write-down charges | 21,986 |
| | 299 |
| | — |
| | 22,285 |
| | 13,243 |
| | 444 |
| | — |
| | 13,687 |
| | 18,611 |
| | 626 |
| | — |
| | 19,237 |
| Acquisition and integration costs | 3,310 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 3,310 |
| | 2,102 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 2,102 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| Depreciation, amortization and accretion | 522,681 |
| | 30,270 |
| | — |
| | 552,951 |
| | 513,433 |
| | 27,338 |
| | — |
| | 540,771 |
| | 502,017 |
| | 27,722 |
| | — |
| | 529,739 |
| Interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs | 507,264 |
| | 22,974 |
| | (22,651 | ) | | 507,587 |
| | 488,863 |
| | 21,381 |
| | (19,975 | ) | | 490,269 |
| | 443,960 |
| | 15,403 |
| | (13,481 | ) | | 445,882 |
| Gains (losses) on retirement of long-term obligations | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 138,367 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 138,367 |
| | 91,079 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 91,079 |
| Net gain (loss) on interest rate swaps | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 286,435 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 286,435 |
| | 92,966 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 92,966 |
| Interest income | (187 | ) | | (479 | ) | | — |
| | (666 | ) | | (1,888 | ) | | (316 | ) | | — |
| | (2,204 | ) | | (2,810 | ) | | (157 | ) | | — |
| | (2,967 | ) | Other income (expense) | (17,048 | ) | | (26 | ) | | 22,651 |
| | 5,577 |
| | (19,151 | ) | | (221 | ) | | 19,975 |
| | 603 |
| | (14,619 | ) | | (1,308 | ) | | 13,481 |
| | (2,446 | ) | Benefit (provision) for income taxes | 6,126 |
| | 2,221 |
| | — |
| | 8,347 |
| | (28,808 | ) | | 1,962 |
| | — |
| | (26,846 | ) | | (77,718 | ) | | 1,318 |
| | — |
| | (76,400 | ) | Stock-based compensation expense | 32,610 |
| | 3,381 |
| | — |
| | 35,991 |
| | 36,540 |
| | 3,425 |
| | — |
| | 39,965 |
| | 29,225 |
| | 1,080 |
| | — |
| | 30,305 |
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 1,244,463 |
| | $ | 62,379 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 1,306,842 |
| | $ | 1,118,928 |
| | $ | 52,962 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 1,171,890 |
| | $ | 967,299 |
| | $ | 45,973 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 1,013,272 |
|
____________________ | | (a) | Elimination of inter-company borrowings and related interest expense. |
Geographic Information A summary of net revenues by country, based on the location of the Company's subsidiaries, is as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Years Ended December 31, | | 2011 | | 2010 | | 2009 | United States | $ | 1,902,536 |
| | $ | 1,772,793 |
| | $ | 1,597,790 |
| Australia | 126,214 |
| | 102,416 |
| | 84,310 |
| Other countries | 3,979 |
| | 3,449 |
| | 3,307 |
| Total net revenues | $ | 2,032,729 |
| | $ | 1,878,658 |
| | $ | 1,685,407 |
|
A summary of long-lived assets (property and equipment, goodwill and other intangible assets) by country of location is as follows: | | | | | | | | | | December 31, | | 2011 | | 2010 | United States | $ | 8,847,161 |
| | $ | 8,997,016 |
| Australia | 212,067 |
| | 222,938 |
| Other countries | 15,571 |
| | 16,922 |
| Total long-lived assets | $ | 9,074,799 |
| | $ | 9,236,876 |
|
Major Customers The following table summarizes the percentage of the consolidated revenues for those customers accounting for more than 10% of the consolidated revenues, all of which relates to CCUSA. | | | | | | | | | | | Years Ended December 31, | | 2011 | | 2010 | | 2009 | AT&T | 23 | % | | 21 | % | | 20 | % | Sprint | 21 | % | | 20 | % | | 22 | % | Verizon Wireless | 19 | % | | 21 | % | | 19 | % | T-Mobile | 11 | % | | 11 | % | | 13 | % | Total | 74 | % | | 73 | % | | 74 | % |
Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk are primarily cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and trade receivables. The Company mitigates its risk with respect to cash and cash equivalents by maintaining such deposits at high credit quality financial institutions and monitoring the credit ratings of those institutions. The Company's restricted cash is predominately held and directed by a trustee (see note 2). The Company derives the largest portion of its revenues from customers in the wireless communications industry. The Company also has a concentration in its volume of business with AT&T, Sprint, Verizon Wireless and T-Mobile that accounts for a significant portion of the Company's revenues, receivables and deferred site rental receivables. The Company mitigates its concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade receivables by actively monitoring the creditworthiness of its customers, the use of customer leases with contractually determinable payment terms and proactive management of past due balances. |