Stock-based Compensation (Tables)

The following is a summary of the restricted stock award activity during the year ended December 31, 2013.



	Number of Shares		Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
	(In thousands of shares)		(In dollars per share)
Shares outstanding at the beginning of year	2,343		$	34.2
Shares granted	958		46.4
Shares vested	(978	)	33.5
Shares forfeited	(41	)	46.8
Shares outstanding at end of year	2,282		$	39.4

The following table summarizes the assumptions used in the Monte Carlo simulation to determine the grant-date fair value for the awards granted during the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011, respectively, with market conditions.



	Years Ended December 31,
	2013		2012		2011
Risk-free rate	0.4	%	0.4	%	1.4	%
Expected volatility	23	%	31	%	48	%
Expected dividend rate	—	%	—	%	—	%

The following table is a summary of the restricted stock awards vested during the three years ended December 31, 2013.



Years Ended December 31,	Total Shares Vested	Fair Value on Vesting Date
	(In thousands of shares)
2013	978	$	66,666
2012	1,974	101,692
2011	1,717	74,754

The following table discloses the components of stock-based compensation expense. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011, the Company recorded tax benefits, exclusive of the change in the valuation allowance and the impact of the REIT election, of $14.5 million, $14.7 million, and $11.4 million, respectively, related to stock-based compensation expense (see note 10).



	Year Ended December 31, 2013
	CCUSA		CCAL		Consolidated Total
Stock-based compensation expense:
Site rental costs of operations	$	1,193	$	—	$	1,193
Network services and other costs of operations	1,799		—		1,799
General and administrative expenses	36,038		2,758		38,796
Total stock-based compensation	$	39,030	$	2,758	$	41,788
	Year Ended December 31, 2012
	CCUSA		CCAL		Consolidated Total
Stock-based compensation expense:
Site rental costs of operations	$	3,401	$	—	$	3,401
Network services and other costs of operations	2,721		—		2,721
General and administrative expenses	35,822		5,597		41,419
Total stock-based compensation	$	41,944	$	5,597	$	47,541
	Year Ended December 31, 2011
	CCUSA		CCAL		Consolidated Total
Stock-based compensation expense:
Site rental costs of operations	$	942	$	—	$	942
Network services and other costs of operations	1,555		—		1,555
General and administrative expenses	30,113		3,381		33,494
Total stock-based compensation	$	32,610	$	3,381	$	35,991