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Investments (Tables) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2020
Investments [Abstract] |
Fair value of short and long-term investments classified as available for sale | The following tables summarize the unrealized gains and losses and estimated fair value of our investments classified as available-for-sale and restricted cash (in millions):
| September 30, 2020
| Gross Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value
Short-term investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restricted cash | $ | 126 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 126 |
Corporate debt securities | 2,568 |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,571 |
| $ | 2,694 |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,697 |
Long-term investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate debt securities | 387 |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | 391 |
| $ | 387 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 391 |
| December 31, 2019
| Gross Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value
Short-term investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restricted cash | $ | 21 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 21 |
Corporate debt securities | 1,653 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,654 |
Government and agency securities | 175 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 175 |
| $ | 1,849 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,850 |
Long-term investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate debt securities | 957 |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | 961 |
| $ | 957 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 961 |
Estimated fair values of short and long-term investments classified by date of contractual maturity | The estimated fair values of our short-term and long-term investments classified as available-for-sale and restricted cash by date of contractual maturity as of September 30, 2020 are as follows (in millions):
| September 30, 2020
One year or less (including restricted cash of $126) | $ | 2,697 |
One year through two years | 303 |
Two years through three years | 88 |
| $ | 3,088 |
Schedule of equity method investments | The following table provides a summary of our equity investments (in millions):
| September 30, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Equity investments without readily determinable fair values | $ | 264 |  |  | $ | 307 |
Equity investments under the equity method of accounting | 8 |  |  | 7 |
Total equity investments | $ | 272 |  |  | $ | 314 |
Schedule of equity securities without readily determinable fair value | The following table summarizes the change in total carrying value during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 related to equity investments without readily determinable fair values still held (in millions):
| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Carrying value, beginning of period | $ | 261 |  |  | $ | 105 |  |  | $ | 307 |  |  | $ | 107 |
Additions | — |  |  | 160 |  |  | — |  |  | 160 |
Downward adjustments for observable price changes and impairment | — |  |  | — |  |  | (40) |  |  | — |
Foreign currency translation and other | 3 |  |  | (3) |  |  | (3) |  |  | (5) |
Carrying value, end of period | $ | 264 |  |  | $ | 262 |  |  | $ | 264 |  |  | $ | 262 |

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale). + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 320 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2196928 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 321 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120269885&loc=SL75117539-209714 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of maturities of an entity's investments as well as any other information pertinent to the investments. + References No definition available. + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (trading) and investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI). + References No definition available. + Details
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