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Income Taxes | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes
| Quarter ended |  | Year to date
| 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Income tax provision | $ | 80 |  |  | $ | 106 |  |  | $ | 192 |  |  | $ | 278 |
Effective tax rate | 15.1 | % |  | 20.2 | % |  | 13.7 | % |  | 23.5 | %
Our third quarter effective tax rate was lower than prior year primarily due to the favorable impact of the reduction in the U.S. federal statutory tax rate, as described below, the favorable impact of the $16 million benefit described below, and lapping the prior year cost of repatriating foreign earnings. This benefit was partially offset by the unfavorable impacts associated with lapping the benefit of loss carryovers recognized due to an international refranchising transaction in the prior year and less in excess tax benefits on share-based compensation recognized than in the prior year. Our year to date effective tax rate was lower than prior year primarily due to the favorable impact of the reduction in the U.S. federal statutory tax rate, as described below, the favorable impact of the $32 million benefit described below and lapping the prior year cost of repatriating foreign earnings. This benefit was partially offset by less in excess tax benefits on share-based compensation recognized than in the prior year, lapping the benefit of loss carryovers recognized due to an international refranchising transaction in the prior year, and a current year charge related to the correction of an error associated with the tax recorded on a prior year divestiture. On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive Federal tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the "Tax Act"). The Tax Act significantly modified the U.S. corporate income tax system by, among other things, reducing the federal income tax rate from 35% to 21%, limiting certain deductions, including limiting the deductibility of interest expense to 30% of U.S. earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, imposing a mandatory one-time deemed repatriation tax on accumulated foreign earnings and creating a territorial tax system that changes the manner in which future foreign earnings are subject to U.S. tax including the elimination of U.S. federal tax on dividends from foreign subsidiaries, a provision designed to tax global intangible low-taxed income ("GILTI") of foreign subsidiaries and a lower U.S. effective tax rate on certain revenues from sources outside the U.S. On December 22, 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 118 ("SAB 118") that allows us to record provisional amounts related to the impacts of the Tax Act during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year of the enactment date. In the fourth quarter of 2017, we recorded a provisional discrete net tax expense associated with the Tax Act of $434 million. In the quarter and year to date ended September 30, 2018, we recorded a provisional benefit of $16 million and $32 million, respectively, as an adjustment to the amounts recorded at December 31, 2017. As of September 30, 2018, the amounts recorded for the Tax Act remain provisional for the mandatory one-time deemed repatriation tax on accumulated foreign earnings, the remeasurement of deferred taxes, and our reassessment of permanently reinvested earnings, uncertain tax positions and valuation allowances. These estimates may be impacted by further analysis and future clarification and guidance regarding available tax accounting methods and elections, earnings and profits computations, state tax conformity to federal tax changes and the impact of the GILTI provisions. We expect to complete our analysis of the amounts recorded upon enactment of the Tax Act within SAB 118's measurement period of one year. Companies subject to GILTI have the option to account for the GILTI tax as a period cost if and when incurred, or to recognize deferred taxes for temporary differences including outside basis differences expected to reverse as GILTI. The Company has elected to account for GILTI as a period cost, and therefore is including GILTI in the effective tax rate calculation.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2144680 + Details
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