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Short-term Borrowings and Long-term Debt | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] |
Short-term Borrowings and Long-term Debt | Short-term Borrowings and Long-term Debt
|  | 2018 |  | 2017
Short-term Borrowings |  |  |  |
Current maturities of long-term debt |  | $ | 331 |  |  | $ | 386 |
Less current portion of debt issuance costs and discounts |  | (10 | ) |  | (11 | )
Short-term borrowings |  | $ | 321 |  |  | $ | 375 |
Long-term Debt |  |  |  |
Securitization Notes |  | $ | 2,928 |  |  | $ | 2,271 |
Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes |  | 2,850 |  |  | 2,850 |
Term Loan A Facility |  | 488 |  |  | 500 |
Term Loan B Facility |  | 1,955 |  |  | 1,975 |
YUM Senior Unsecured Notes |  | 1,875 |  |  | 2,200 |
Capital lease obligations (See Note 11) |  | 71 |  |  | 105 |
|  | $ | 10,167 |  |  | $ | 9,901 |
Less debt issuance costs and discounts |  | (85 | ) |  | (86 | )
Less current maturities of long-term debt |  | (331 | ) |  | (386 | )
Long-term debt |  | $ | 9,751 |  |  | $ | 9,429 |
Securitization Notes On May 11, 2016, Taco Bell Funding, LLC (the “Issuer”), a newly formed, special purpose limited liability company and a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Taco Bell Corp. ("TBC") completed a securitization transaction and issued $800 million of its Series 2016-1 3.832% Fixed Rate Senior Secured Notes, Class A-2-I (the “2016 Class A-2-I Notes”), $500 million of its Series 2016-1 4.377% Fixed Rate Senior Secured Notes, Class A-2-II (the “2016 Class A-2-II Notes”) and $1.0 billion of its Series 2016-1 4.970% Fixed Rate Senior Secured Notes, Class A-2-III (the “2016 Class A-2-III Notes” and, together with the 2016 Class A-2-I Notes and the 2016 Class A-2-II Notes, the “2016 Class A-2 Notes”). In connection with the issuance of the 2016 Class A-2 Notes, the Issuer also entered into a revolving financing facility of Series 2016-1 Senior Notes, Class A-1 (the “Variable Funding Notes”), which allowed for the borrowing of up to $100 million and the issuance of up to $50 million in letters of credit. The 2016 Class A-2 Notes were issued under a Base Indenture, dated as of May 11, 2016 (the “Base Indenture”), and the related Series 2016-1 Supplement thereto, dated as of May 11, 2016 (the “Series 2016-1 Supplement”). The Base Indenture and the Series 2016-1 Supplement (collectively, the “Indenture”) allow the Issuer to issue additional series of notes. On October 16, 2017, the Issuer terminated the Variable Funding Notes. On November 28, 2018, the Issuer completed a refinancing transaction and issued $825 million of its Series 2018-1 4.318% Fixed Rate Senior Secured Notes, Class A-2-I (the “2018 Class A-2-I Notes”) and $625 million of its Series 2018- 1 4.940% Fixed Rate Senior Secured Notes, Class A-2-II (the “2018 Class A-2-II Notes” and, together with the Series 2018-1 Class A-2-I Notes, the “2018 Class A-2 Notes”). The net proceeds from the issuance of the 2018 Class A-2 Notes were used to repay in full the 2016 Class A-2-I Notes, to repay $273 million of borrowings that were outstanding under the Revolving Facility (see below) and for general corporate purposes, including capital return to shareholders. The 2016 Class A-2 Notes and the 2018 Class A-2 Notes are referred to collectively as the “Securitization Notes”. The Securitization Notes were issued in a transaction pursuant to which certain of TBC’s domestic assets, consisting principally of franchise-related agreements and domestic intellectual property, were contributed to the Issuer and the Issuer’s special purpose, wholly-owned subsidiaries (the “Guarantors”, and collectively with the Issuer, the "Securitization Entities") to secure the Securitization Notes. The Securitization Notes are secured by substantially all of the assets of the Securitization Entities, and include a lien on all existing and future U.S. Taco Bell franchise and license agreements and the royalties payable thereunder, existing and future U.S. Taco Bell intellectual property, certain transaction accounts and a pledge of the equity interests in asset-owning Securitization Entities. The remaining U.S. Taco Bell assets that were excluded from the transfers to the Securitization Entities continue to be held by Taco Bell of America, LLC, a limited liability company ("TBA") and TBC. The Securitization Notes are not guaranteed by the remaining U.S. Taco Bell assets, the Company, or any other subsidiary of the Company. Payments of interest and principal on the Securitization Notes are made from the royalty fees paid pursuant to the franchise and license agreements with all U.S. Taco Bell restaurants, including both company and franchise operated restaurants. Interest on and principal payments of the Securitization Notes are due on a quarterly basis. In general, no amortization of principal of the Securitization Notes is required prior to their anticipated repayment dates unless as of any quarterly measurement date the consolidated leverage ratio (the ratio of total debt to Net Cash Flow (as defined in the Indenture)) for the preceding four fiscal quarters of either the Company and its subsidiaries or the Issuer and its subsidiaries exceeds 5.0:1, in which case amortization payments of 1% per year of the outstanding principal as of the closing of the Securitization Notes is required. As of the most recent quarterly measurement date the consolidated leverage ratio exceeded 5.0:1 and, as a result, amortization payments are required. The legal final maturity dates of the 2016 Class A-2 Notes and the 2018 Class A-2 Notes are May 2046 and November 2048, respectively. However, the anticipated repayment dates of the the 2016 Class A-2-II Notes, the 2016 Class A-2-III Notes, the 2018 Class A-2-I Notes and the 2018 Class A-2-II Notes are 7, 10, 5 and 10 years (the “Anticipated Repayment Dates”), respectively, from the date of issuance. If the Issuer has not repaid or refinanced a series of Securitization Notes prior to its respective Anticipated Repayment Dates, rapid amortization of principal on all Securitization Notes will occur and additional interest will accrue on the Securitization Notes, as stated in the Indenture. The Company paid debt issuance costs of $13 million and $31 million in connection with the 2018 and 2016 issuances of the Securitization Notes, respectively. The debt issuance costs are being amortized to Interest expense, net through the Anticipated Repayment Dates of the Securitization Notes utilizing the effective interest rate method. As of December 31, 2018, the effective interest rates, including the amortization of debt issuance costs, were 4.59%, 5.14%, 4.53% and 5.06% for the 2016 Class A-2-II Notes, 2016 Class A-2-III Notes, 2018 Class A-2-I Notes and 2018 Class A-2-II Notes, respectively. During 2018 and 2017, $4 million and $2 million, respectively, of unamortized debt issuance costs were recognized within Interest expense, net due to the extinguishment of the 2016 Class A-2-I Notes and the termination of the Variable Funding Notes. The Securitization Notes are subject to a series of covenants and restrictions customary for transactions of this type, including (i) that the Issuer maintains specified reserve accounts to be available to make required interest payments in respect of the Securitization Notes, (ii) provisions relating to optional and mandatory prepayments and the related payment of specified amounts, including specified make-whole payments in the case of the Seuritization Notes under certain circumstances, (iii) certain indemnification payments relating to taxes, enforcement costs and other customary items and (iv) covenants relating to recordkeeping, access to information and similar matters. The Securitization Notes are also subject to rapid amortization events provided for in the Indenture, including events tied to failure to maintain a stated debt service coverage ratio (as defined in the Indenture) of at least 1.1:1, gross domestic sales for branded restaurants being below certain levels on certain measurement dates, a manager termination event, an event of default and the failure to repay or refinance the Securitization Notes on the Anticipated Repayment Date (subject to limited cure rights). The Securitization Notes are also subject to certain customary events of default, including events relating to non-payment of required interest or principal due on the Securitization Notes, failure to comply with covenants within certain time frames, certain bankruptcy events, breaches of specified representations and warranties, failure of security interests to be effective, certain judgments and failure of the Securitization Entities to maintain a stated debt service coverage ratio. As of December 31, 2018, we were in compliance with all of our debt covenant requirements and were not subject to any rapid amortization events. In accordance with the Indenture, certain cash accounts have been established with the Indenture trustee for the benefit of the note holders, and are restricted in their use. The Indenture requires a certain amount of securitization cash flow collections to be allocated on a weekly basis and maintained in a cash reserve account. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had restricted cash of $82 million primarily related to required interest reserves included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Once the required obligations are satisfied, there are no further restrictions, including payment of dividends, on the cash flows of the Securitization Entities. Additional cash reserves are required if any of the rapid amortization events occur, as noted above, or in the event that as of any quarterly measurement date the Securitization Entities fail to maintain a debt service coverage ratio (or the ratio of Net Cash Flow to all debt service payments for the preceding four fiscal quarters) of at least 1.75:1. The amount of weekly securitization cash flow collections that exceed the required weekly allocations is generally remitted to the Company. During the quarter ended December 31, 2018, the Securitization Entities maintained a debt service coverage ratio significantly in excess of the 1.75:1 requirement. Credit Facilities and Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes On June 16, 2016, KFC Holding Co., Pizza Hut Holdings, LLC, a limited liability company, and TBA, each of which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, as co-borrowers (the "Borrowers"), entered into a credit agreement providing for senior secured credit facilities consisting of a $500 million Term Loan A facility (the “Term Loan A Facility"), a $2.0 billion Term Loan B facility (the “Term Loan B Facility”) and a $1.0 billion revolving facility (the “Revolving Facility”), each of which may be increased subject to certain conditions. The Term Loan A Facility, the Term Loan B Facility, and the Revolving Facility are collectively referred to as the "Credit Agreement". There are no outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Facility and $7 million of letters of credit outstanding as of December 31, 2018. The Term Loan A Facility was originally subject to quarterly amortization payments beginning one full fiscal quarter after the first anniversary of the closing date, in an amount equal to 1.25% of the initial principal amount of the facility, in each of the second and third years of the facility; in an amount equal to 1.875% of the initial principal amount of the facility, in the fourth year of the facility; and in an amount equal to 3.75% of the initial principal amount of the facility, in the fifth year of the facility, with the balance payable at maturity on the fifth anniversary of the closing date. Subsequently, this amortization schedule was delayed by approximately one year and the maturity date was extended to June 7, 2022 as a result of the Term Loan A repricing in 2017 (see below). The Term Loan B Facility is subject to quarterly amortization payments in an amount equal to 0.25% of the initial principal amount of the facility, with the balance payable at maturity on the seventh anniversary of the closing date. On March 21, 2017, the Borrowers completed the repricing of the then existing $1.99 billion under the Term Loan B Facility pursuant to an amendment to the Credit Agreement. The amendment reduces the interest rate applicable to the Term Loan B Facility by 75 basis points to LIBOR plus 2.00% or Base Rate plus 1.00%, at the Borrower’s election, with an additional rate stepdown to LIBOR plus 1.75% or Base Rate plus 0.75% in the event the secured net leverage ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) is less than 1 to 1. As a result of repricing the Term Loan B Facility, $192 million in principal was assigned to new lenders or existing lenders electing to increase their holdings in the loan. The maturity date and all other material provisions under the Credit Agreement remained unchanged as a result of this amendment. On June 7, 2017, the Borrowers completed the repricing of the existing $500 million under the Term Loan A Facility and $1 billion under the Revolving Facility pursuant to an amendment to the Credit Agreement. The amendment reduced the interest rate applicable to the Term Loan A Facility and for borrowings under the Revolving Facility by 75 basis points. Subsequent to the repricing the interest rate ranges from 1.25% to 1.75% plus LIBOR or from 0.25% to 0.75% plus the Base Rate, at the Borrower’s election, based upon the total net leverage ratio of the Borrowers and the Specified Guarantors (as defined in the Credit Agreement). As a result of repricing the Term Loan A Facility, $146 million in principal was assigned to new lenders or existing lenders electing to increase their holdings in the loan. There was no change in lender participation in the Revolving Facility. The maturity date for the Term Loan A Facility and the Revolving Facility has been extended to June 7, 2022. Amortization payments on the Term Loan A Facility will begin one full fiscal quarter after the first anniversary of the amendment effective date, which delays the original amortization schedule by approximately one year. All other material provisions under the Credit Agreement remained unchanged. On April 3, 2018, the Borrowers completed the repricing of the then existing$1.97 billion under the Term Loan B Facility pursuant to an amendment to the Credit Agreement. The amendment reduces the interest rate applicable to the Term Loan B Facility by 25 basis points to adjusted LIBOR plus 1.75% or Base Rate plus 0.75%, at the Borrowers’ election, and extends the maturity date for the Term Loan B Facility by 2 years to April 3, 2025. All other material provisions under the Credit Agreement remained unchanged as a result of this amendment. The Credit Agreement is unconditionally guaranteed by the Company and certain of the Borrowers’ principal domestic subsidiaries and excludes Taco Bell Funding LLC and its special purpose, wholly-owned subsidiaries (see above). The Credit Agreement is also secured by first priority liens on substantially all assets of the Borrowers and each subsidiary guarantor, excluding the stock of certain subsidiaries and certain real property, and subject to other customary exceptions. The Credit Agreement is subject to certain mandatory prepayments, including an amount equal to 50% of excess cash flow (as defined in the Credit Agreement) on an annual basis and the proceeds of certain asset sales, casualty events and issuances of indebtedness, subject to customary exceptions and reinvestment rights. The Credit Agreement includes two financial maintenance covenants which require the Borrowers to maintain a total leverage ratio (defined as the ratio of Consolidated Total Debt to Consolidated EBITDA (as these terms are defined in the Credit Agreement)) of 5.0:1 or less and a fixed charge coverage ratio (defined as the ratio of EBITDA minus capital expenditures to fixed charges (inclusive of rental expense and scheduled amortization)) of at least 1.5:1, each as of the last day of each fiscal quarter. The Credit Agreement includes other affirmative and negative covenants and events of default that are customary for facilities of this type. The Credit Agreement contains, among other things, limitations on certain additional indebtedness and liens, and certain other transactions specified in the agreement. We were in compliance with all debt covenants as of December 31, 2018. On June 16, 2016, the Borrowers issued $1.05 billion aggregate principal amount of 5.00% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2024 and $1.05 billion aggregate principal amount of 5.25% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2026 and on June 15, 2017, the Borrowers issued $750 million aggregate principal amount of 4.75% Senior Notes due June 1, 2027 (the “2027 Notes” and collectively the “Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes”). Interest on the Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on June 1 and December 1 of each year. The Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by (i) the Company, (ii) the Specified Guarantors and (iii) by each of the Borrower's and the Specified Guarantors’ domestic subsidiaries that guarantees the Borrower's obligations under the Credit Agreement, except for any of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries. The indenture governing the Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes contains covenants and events of default that are customary for debt securities of this type. We were in compliance with all debt covenants as of December 31, 2018. During 2016, the Company paid debt issuance costs of $56 million in connection with the issuance of the Credit Agreement and the Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes. During 2017, $32 million of fees related to the repricing of the Term Loan A, Term Loan B and Revolving Facilities and the issuance of the 2027 Notes were capitalized as debt issuance costs. The debt issuance costs are being amortized to Interest expense, net through the contractual maturity of the agreements utilizing the effective interest rate method. We classify these deferred costs on our Consolidated Balance Sheet as a reduction in the related debt when borrowings are outstanding or within Other assets if borrowings are not outstanding. Additionally, $5 million and $8 million of fees and unamortized debt issuance costs were recognized within Interest expense, net due to the repricings in the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. As of December 31, 2018, the effective interest rates, including the amortization of debt issuance costs and the impact of the interest rate swaps on Term Loan B Facility (See Note 12), were 5.16%, 5.39%, 4.90%, 3.43%, and 3.74% for the Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes due 2024, the Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes due 2026, the Subsidiary Senior Unsecured Notes due 2027, the Term Loan A Facility, and the Term Loan B Facility, respectively. YUM Senior Unsecured Notes The majority of our remaining long-term debt primarily comprises YUM Senior Unsecured Notes with varying maturity dates from 2020 through 2043 and stated interest rates ranging from 3.75% to 6.88%. The YUM Senior Unsecured Notes represent senior, unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness. Our YUM Senior Unsecured Notes contain cross-default provisions whereby the acceleration of the maturity of any of our indebtedness in a principal amount in excess of $50 million will constitute a default under the YUM Senior Unsecured Notes unless such indebtedness is discharged, or the acceleration of the maturity of that indebtedness is annulled, within 30 days after notice. The following table summarizes all YUM Senior Unsecured Notes issued that remain outstanding at December 31, 2018:
|  |  |  |  |  | Interest Rate
Issuance Date(a) |  | Maturity Date |  | Principal Amount (in millions) |  | Stated |  | Effective(b)
October 2007 |  | November 2037 |  | 325 |  |  | 6.88 | % |  | 7.45 | %
August 2009 |  | September 2019 |  | 250 |  |  | 5.30 | % |  | 5.59 | %
August 2010 |  | November 2020 |  | 350 |  |  | 3.88 | % |  | 4.01 | %
August 2011 |  | November 2021 |  | 350 |  |  | 3.75 | % |  | 3.88 | %
October 2013 |  | November 2023 |  | 325 |  |  | 3.88 | % |  | 4.01 | %
October 2013 |  | November 2043 |  | 275 |  |  | 5.35 | % |  | 5.42 | %
(a) | Interest payments commenced approximately six months after issuance date and are payable semi-annually thereafter.
(b) | Includes the effects of the amortization of any (1) premium or discount; (2) debt issuance costs; and (3) gain or loss upon settlement of related treasury locks and forward starting interest rate swaps utilized to hedge the interest rate risk prior to debt issuance.
The annual maturities of short-term borrowings and long-term debt as of December 31, 2018, excluding capital lease obligations of $71 million are as follows:
Year ended: |
2019 | $ | 324 |
2020 | 430 |
2021 | 455 |
2022 | 424 |
2023 | 1,626 |
Thereafter | 6,837 |
Total | $ | 10,096 |
Interest expense on short-term borrowings and long-term debt was $496 million, $473 million and $331 million in 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 470 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2208564 + Details
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