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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Schedule of Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes | The components of income (loss) before income taxes are as follows:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
| $ |  | $ |  | $
U.S. | 201,516 |  |  | 117,446 |  |  | 67,744 |
PRC | (263,159) |  |  | (315,852) |  |  | (583,610) |
Other | (471,358) |  |  | (627,430) |  |  | (1,445,171) |
Total | (533,001) |  |  | (825,836) |  |  | (1,961,037) |
Schedule of Current and Deferred Components of the Income Tax Expense (Benefit) | The current and deferred components of the income tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations are as follows:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
| $ |  | $ |  | $
Current tax expense (benefit) |  |  |  |  |
U.S. | 57,222 |  |  | 25,170 |  |  | 4,844 |
PRC | 12,331 |  |  | 24,956 |  |  | 27,905 |
Other | 16,225 |  |  | 5,059 |  |  | 6,547 |
Total | 85,778 |  |  | 55,185 |  |  | 39,296 |
Deferred tax expense (benefit) |  |  |  |  |
U.S. | 23,556 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
PRC | 180 |  |  | 687 |  |  | 3,480 |
Other | 2,271 |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |
Total | 26,007 |  |  | 687 |  |  | 3,482 |
Income tax expense (benefit) | 111,785 |  |  | 55,872 |  |  | 42,778 |
Schedule of Reconciliation of the Statutory Tax Rate to Effective Income Tax Rate | The reconciliation of the statutory tax rate to our effective income tax rate is as follow:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
| $ |  | $ |  | $
Loss before tax | (533,001) |  |  | (825,836) |  |  | (1,961,037) |
U.S. statutory tax rate | 21 | % |  | 21 | % |  | 21 | %
Expected taxation at U.S. statutory tax rate | (111,930) |  |  | (173,426) |  |  | (411,818) |
Foreign and preferential tax rate differential | 93,741 |  |  | 144,310 |  |  | 209,384 |
Non-deductible expenses | 1,130 |  |  | 19,134 |  |  | 29,223 |
Stock compensation expenses | 53,446 |  |  | 32,581 |  |  | 33,872 |
State tax expense (benefit) | (7,988) |  |  | (5,872) |  |  | 1,683 |
Change in valuation allowance | 157,286 |  |  | 845,811 |  |  | 229,550 |
Tax relief credits | — |  |  | (704,928) |  |  | — |
Research tax credits and incentives | (43,602) |  |  | (64,343) |  |  | (42,844) |
Deductible research expenses | (13,644) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Tax on unremitted earnings | 23,743 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Foreign-derived intangible income | (40,397) |  |  | (37,395) |  |  | (6,272) |
Taxation for the year | 111,785 |  |  | 55,872 |  |  | 42,778 |
Effective tax rate | (21.0) | % |  | (6.8) | % |  | (2.2) | %
Schedule of Components of Deferred Tax Assets (Liabilities) | Significant components of deferred tax assets (liabilities) are as follows:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
| $ |  | $ |  | $
Accruals and reserves | 121,549 |  |  | 106,708 |  |  | 97,896 |
Net operating losses carryforward | 1,137,890 |  |  | 996,588 |  |  | 862,214 |
Stock-based compensation | 38,397 |  |  | 26,687 |  |  | 19,700 |
Research tax credits | 34,561 |  |  | 68,117 |  |  | 86,000 |
Tax relief credits | 704,928 |  |  | 704,928 |  |  | — |
Intangible asset amortization | 1,081,442 |  |  | 699,974 |  |  | 813,043 |
Lease liability obligation | 11,882 |  |  | 7,893 |  |  | 10,348 |
R&D and other capitalized costs | 277,061 |  |  | 164,190 |  |  | 63,156 |
Total gross deferred tax assets | 3,407,710 |  |  | 2,775,085 |  |  | 1,952,357 |
Less valuation allowance | (3,403,505) |  |  | (2,771,470) |  |  | (1,943,775) |
Net deferred tax assets | 4,205 |  |  | 3,615 |  |  | 8,582 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | (10,795) |  |  | (12,374) |  |  | (14,480) |
Tax on unremitted earnings | (23,735) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Right of use asset | (11,682) |  |  | (7,735) |  |  | (10,098) |
Total gross deferred tax liabilities | (46,212) |  |  | (20,109) |  |  | (24,578) |
Net deferred tax assets/(liabilities) | (42,007) |  |  | (16,494) |  |  | (15,996) |
Schedule of Valuation Allowance | The valuation allowances for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
| $ |  | $ |  | $
Beginning balance, as of January 1 | 2,771,470 |  |  | 1,943,775 |  |  | 1,758,409 |
Additions/(subtractions) charged to income tax provision | 157,286 |  |  | 845,811 |  |  | 229,550 |
Additions/(subtractions) charged to equity | 497,823 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Currency translation and other | (23,074) |  |  | (18,116) |  |  | (44,184) |
Ending balance, as of December 31 | 3,403,505 |  |  | 2,771,470 |  |  | 1,943,775 |
Schedule of Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits | The gross unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
| $ |  | $ |  | $
Beginning balance, as of January 1 | 14,264 |  |  | 11,555 |  |  | 9,925 |
Additions based on tax positions related to prior tax years | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Reductions based on tax positions related to prior tax years | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Additions based on tax positions related to the current tax year | 2,975 |  |  | 2,709 |  |  | 1,630 |
Reductions based on lapse of statute of limitations | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Ending balance, as of December 31 | 17,239 |  |  | 14,264 |  |  | 11,555 |

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