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Derivatives Instruments Level 3 (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2016
Derivative [Line Items]  
Offsetting Liabilities [Table Text Block]
 
Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities
 
Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position
 
Derivative Liabilities [3]
 
Accrued Interest and Cash Collateral Pledged [3]
 
Financial Collateral Pledged [4]
 
Net Amount
Description
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
$
(1,730
)
 
$
(818
)
 
$
(798
)
 
$
(114
)
 
$
(889
)
 
$
(23
)
 
Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities
 
Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position
 
Derivative Liabilities [3]
 
Accrued Interest and Cash Collateral Pledged [3]
 
Financial Collateral Pledged [4]
 
Net Amount
Description
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
$
(2,067
)
 
$
(1,049
)
 
$
(1,055
)
 
$
37

 
$
(974
)
 
$
(44
)
Offsetting Assets [Table Text Block]
As of September 30, 2016
 
(i)
 
(ii)
 
(iii) = (i) - (ii)
(iv)
 
(v) = (iii) - (iv)
 
 
 
 
 
Net Amounts Presented in the Statement of Financial Position
 
Collateral Disallowed for Offset in the Statement of Financial Position
 
 
 
Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets
 
Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position
 
Derivative Assets [1]
 
Accrued Interest and Cash Collateral Received [2]
 
Financial Collateral Received [4]
 
Net Amount
Description
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other investments
$
1,290

 
$
1,024

 
$
278

 
$
(12
)
 
$
209

 
$
57

 
(i)
 
(ii)
 
(iii) = (i) - (ii)
(iv)
 
(v) = (iii) - (iv)
 
 
 
 
 
Net Amounts Presented in the Statement of Financial Position
 
Collateral Disallowed for Offset in the Statement of Financial Position
 
 
 
Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets
 
Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position
 
Derivative Assets [1]
 
Accrued Interest and Cash Collateral Received [2]
 
Financial Collateral Received [4]
 
Net Amount
Description
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other investments
$
933

 
$
756

 
$
1

 
$
176

 
$
100

 
$
77

Schedule of Fair Value Hedging Instruments, Statements of Financial Performance and Financial Position, Location [Table Text Block]
Fair Value Hedges
For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current period earnings. The Company includes the gain or loss on the derivative in the same line item as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item. All components of each derivative’s gain or loss were included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness.
For both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company recognized in income losses of less than $1 representing the ineffective portion of fair value hedges for the derivative instrument and the hedged item.
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Table Text Block]
Derivatives Used in Non-Qualifying Strategies
Gain or (Loss) Recognized within Net Realized Capital Gains and Losses
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2016
2015
 
2016
2015
Interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps, swaptions, and futures
$
(2
)
$
(11
)
 
$
(22
)
$
(16
)
Foreign exchange contracts
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency swaps and forwards [1]
4

3

 
25

11

Fixed payout annuity hedge [2]
13

8

 
109

(23
)
Credit contracts
 
 
 
 
 
Credit derivatives that purchase credit protection
(12
)
7

 
(19
)
5

Credit derivatives that assume credit risk
24

(23
)
 
28

(25
)
Equity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
Equity index swaps and options
(2
)
1

 
15

4

Commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity options

2

 

(8
)
Variable annuity hedge program
 
 
 
 
 
GMWB product derivatives
87

(150
)
 
(22
)
(91
)
GMWB reinsurance contracts
(15
)
24

 
(2
)
15

GMWB hedging instruments
(66
)
94

 
16

41

Macro hedge program
(64
)
51

 
(98
)
24

Other
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent capital facility put option
(1
)
(2
)
 
(4
)
(5
)
Modified coinsurance reinsurance contracts
(1
)
2

 
(48
)
28

Total [3]
$
(35
)
$
6

 
$
(22
)
$
(40
)
[1]
Not included in this amount is the associated transactional foreign currency revaluation related to changes in equity of the U.K. property and casualty runoff subsidiaries, currently held for sale, adjusted through realized capital losses of $(10) and $(33) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016.
[2]
Not included in this amount is the associated liability adjustment for changes in foreign exchange spot rates through realized capital losses of $(10) and $(17) for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $(118) and $(1) for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
[3]
Excludes investments that contain an embedded credit derivative for which the Company has elected the fair value option. For further discussion, see the Fair Value Option section in Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements
Disclosure of Credit Derivatives [Table Text Block]
Credit Risk Assumed through Credit Derivatives
The Company enters into credit default swaps that assume credit risk of a single entity or referenced index in order to synthetically replicate investment transactions that would be permissible under the Company's investment policies. The Company will receive periodic payments based on an agreed upon rate and notional amount and will only make a payment if there is a credit event. A credit event payment will typically be equal to the notional value of the swap contract less the value of the referenced security issuer’s debt obligation after the occurrence of the credit event. A credit event is generally defined as a default on contractually obligated interest or principal payments or bankruptcy of the referenced entity. The credit default swaps in which the Company assumes credit risk primarily reference investment grade single corporate issuers and baskets, which include standard diversified portfolios of corporate and CMBS issuers. The diversified portfolios of corporate issuers are established within sector concentration limits and may be divided into tranches that possess different credit ratings.
The following tables present the notional amount, fair value, weighted average years to maturity, underlying referenced credit obligation type and average credit ratings, and offsetting notional amounts and fair value for credit derivatives in which the Company is assuming credit risk as of September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015.
As of September 30, 2016
 
 
 
 
Underlying Referenced Credit
Obligation(s) [1]
 
 
Credit Derivative Type by Derivative Risk Exposure
Notional
Amount
[2]
Fair
Value
Weighted
Average
Years to
Maturity
Type
Average
Credit
Rating
Offsetting
Notional
Amount [3]
Offsetting
Fair
Value [3]
Single name credit default swaps
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment grade risk exposure
$
169

$
1

4 years
Corporate Credit/
Foreign Gov.
A-
$
50

$

Below investment grade risk exposure
77


1 year
Corporate Credit
B+
77


Basket credit default swaps [4]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment grade risk exposure
2,446

23

3 years
Corporate Credit
BBB+
1,415

(10
)
Below investment grade risk exposure
50

3

5 years
Corporate Credit
B+
50

(3
)
Investment grade risk exposure
516

(12
)
5 years
CMBS Credit
AA+
188

1

Below investment grade risk exposure
118

(28
)
1 year
CMBS Credit
CCC
118

28

Embedded credit derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment grade risk exposure
350

351

1 year
Corporate Credit
A+


Total [5]
$
3,726

$
338

 
 
 
$
1,898

$
16

As of December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
Underlying Referenced
Credit Obligation(s) [1]
 
 
Credit Derivative Type by Derivative Risk Exposure
Notional
Amount [2]
Fair
Value
Weighted
Average
Years to
Maturity
Type
Average
Credit
Rating
Offsetting
Notional
Amount [3]
Offsetting
Fair
Value [3]
Single name credit default swaps
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment grade risk exposure
$
190

$
(1
)
1 year
Corporate Credit/
Foreign Gov.
BBB+
$
176

$
(1
)
Below investment grade risk exposure
77

(2
)
2 years
Corporate Credit
B
77

1

Basket credit default swaps [4]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment grade risk exposure
3,036

22

4 years
Corporate Credit
BBB+
1,411

(13
)
Investment grade risk exposure
681

(19
)
6 years
CMBS Credit
AA+
212

1

Below investment grade risk exposure
153

(25
)
1 year
CMBS Credit
CCC
153

25

Embedded credit derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment grade risk exposure
350

346

1 year
Corporate Credit
A+


Total [5]
$
4,487

$
321

 
 
 
$
2,029

$
13


[1]
The average credit ratings are based on availability and the midpoint of the applicable ratings among Moody’s, S&P, Fitch, and Morningstar. If no rating is available from a rating agency, then an internally developed rating is used.
[2]
Notional amount is equal to the maximum potential future loss amount. These derivatives are governed by agreements, clearing house rules, and applicable law, which include collateral posting requirements. There is no additional specific collateral related to these contracts or recourse provisions included in the contracts to offset losses.
[3]
The Company has entered into offsetting credit default swaps to terminate certain existing credit default swaps, thereby offsetting the future changes in value of, or losses paid related to, the original swap.
[4]
Includes $3.1 billion and $3.9 billion as of September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively, of standard market indices of diversified portfolios of corporate and CMBS issuers referenced through credit default swaps. These swaps are subsequently valued based upon the observable standard market index.
[5]
Excludes investments that contain an embedded credit derivative for which the Company has elected the fair value option. For further discussion, see the Fair Value Option section in Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Text Block]
The Company utilizes a variety of OTC, OTC-cleared and exchange traded derivative instruments as a part of its overall risk management strategy as well as to enter into replication transactions. Derivative instruments are used to manage risk associated with interest rate, equity market, commodity market, credit spread, issuer default, price, and currency exchange rate risk or volatility. Replication transactions are used as an economical means to synthetically replicate the characteristics and performance of assets that are permissible investments under the Company’s investment policies. The Company also may enter into and has previously issued financial instruments and products that either are accounted for as free-standing derivatives, such as certain reinsurance contracts, or may contain features that are deemed to be embedded derivative instruments, such as the GMWB rider included with certain variable annuity products.
Strategies That Qualify for Hedge Accounting
Certain derivatives that the Company enters into satisfy the hedge accounting requirements as outlined in Note 1 - Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in The Hartford’s 2015 Form 10-K Annual Report. Typically, these hedge relationships include interest rate swaps and, to a lesser extent, foreign currency swaps where the terms or expected cash flows of the hedged item closely match the terms of the swap. The interest rate swaps are typically used to manage interest rate duration of certain fixed maturity securities or liability contracts. The hedge strategies by hedge accounting designation include:
Cash Flow Hedges
Interest rate swaps are predominantly used to manage portfolio duration and better match cash receipts from assets with cash disbursements required to fund liabilities. These derivatives primarily convert interest receipts on floating-rate fixed maturity securities to fixed rates. The Company also enters into forward starting swap agreements to hedge the interest rate exposure related to the purchase of fixed-rate securities, primarily to hedge interest rate risk inherent in the assumptions used to price certain liabilities.
Foreign currency swaps are used to convert foreign currency-denominated cash flows related to certain investment receipts and liability payments to U.S. dollars in order to reduce cash flow fluctuations due to changes in currency rates.
Fair Value Hedges
Interest rate swaps are used to hedge the changes in fair value of fixed maturity securities due to fluctuations in interest rates. These swaps are typically used to manage interest rate duration.
Non-Qualifying Strategies
Derivative relationships that do not qualify for hedge accounting (“non-qualifying strategies”) primarily include the hedge program for the Company's variable annuity products as well as the hedging and replication strategies that utilize credit default swaps. In addition, hedges of interest rate, foreign currency and equity risk of certain fixed maturities, equities and liabilities do not qualify for hedge accounting.
The non-qualifying strategies include:
Interest Rate Swaps, Swaptions, and Futures
The Company uses interest rate swaps, swaptions, and futures to manage duration between assets and liabilities in certain investment portfolios. In addition, the Company enters into interest rate swaps to terminate existing swaps, thereby offsetting the changes in value of the original swap. As of September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the notional amount of interest rate swaps in offsetting relationships was $12.1 billion and $12.9 billion, respectively.
Foreign Currency Swaps and Forwards
Foreign currency forwards are used to hedge non-U.S. dollar denominated cash and equity securities as well as currency impacts on changes in equity of the U.K. property and casualty runoff subsidiaries that is held for sale. For further information on the disposition, see Note 2 - Business Acquisitions and Dispositions of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company also enters into foreign currency swaps and forwards to convert the foreign currency exposures of certain foreign currency-denominated fixed maturity investments to U.S. dollars.
Fixed Payout Annuity Hedge
The Company reinsures certain yen denominated fixed payout annuities. The Company invests in U.S. dollar denominated assets to support the reinsurance liability. The Company has in place pay U.S. dollar, receive yen swap contracts to hedge the currency and yen interest rate exposure between the U.S. dollar denominated assets and the yen denominated fixed liability reinsurance payments.
Credit Contracts
Credit default swaps are used to purchase credit protection on an individual entity or referenced index to economically hedge against default risk and credit-related changes in value of fixed maturity securities. Credit default swaps are also used to assume credit risk related to an individual entity or referenced index as a part of replication transactions. These contracts require the Company to pay or receive a periodic fee in exchange for compensation from the counterparty should the referenced security issuers experience a credit event, as defined in the contract. The Company is also exposed to credit risk related to certain structured fixed maturity securities that have embedded credit derivatives, which reference a standard index of corporate securities. In addition, the Company enters into credit default swaps to terminate existing credit default swaps, thereby offsetting the changes in value of the original swap going forward.
Equity Index Swaps and Options
The Company enters into equity index options to hedge the impact of a decline in the equity markets on the investment portfolio. During 2015, the Company entered into a total return swap to hedge equity risk of specific common stock investments which were accounted for using the fair value option in order to align the accounting treatment within net realized capital gains (losses). The swap matured in January 2016 and the specific common stock investments were sold at that time. In addition, the Company formerly offered certain equity indexed products that remain in force, a portion of which contain embedded derivatives that require bifurcation. The Company uses equity index swaps to economically hedge the equity volatility risk associated with the equity indexed products.
Commodity Contracts
The Company has used put option contracts on oil futures to partially offset potential losses related to certain fixed maturity securities that could be impacted by changes in oil prices.
GMWB Derivatives, Net
The Company formerly offered certain variable annuity products with GMWB riders. The GMWB product is a bifurcated embedded derivative (“GMWB product derivatives”) that has a notional value equal to the GRB. The Company uses reinsurance contracts to transfer a portion of its risk of loss due to GMWB. The reinsurance contracts covering GMWB (“GMWB reinsurance contracts”) are accounted for as free-standing derivatives with a notional amount equal to the GRB amount.
The Company utilizes derivatives (“GMWB hedging instruments”) as part of a dynamic hedging program designed to hedge a portion of the capital market risk exposures of the non-reinsured GMWB riders due to changes in interest rates, equity market levels, and equity volatility. These derivatives include customized swaps, interest rate swaps and futures, and equity swaps, options and futures, on certain indices including the S&P 500 index, EAFE index and NASDAQ index. The Company retains the risk for differences between assumed and actual policyholder behavior and between the performance of the actively managed funds underlying the separate accounts and their respective indices. The following table presents notional and fair value for GMWB hedging instruments.
 
Notional Amount
Fair Value
 
September 30,
2016
December 31, 2015
September 30,
2016
December 31, 2015
Customized swaps
$
5,366

$
5,877

$
142

$
131

Equity swaps, options, and futures
1,355

1,362

(13
)
2

Interest rate swaps and futures
3,743

3,740

40

25

Total
$
10,464

$
10,979

$
169

$
158


Macro Hedge Program
The Company utilizes equity swaps, options, futures, and forwards to provide partial protection against the statutory tail scenario risk arising from GMWB and guaranteed minimum death benefit ("GMDB") liabilities on the Company's statutory surplus. These derivatives cover some of the residual risks not otherwise covered by the dynamic hedging program. The following table presents notional and fair value for the macro hedge program.
 
Notional Amount
Fair Value
 
September 30,
2016
December 31, 2015
September 30,
2016
December 31, 2015
Equity swaps, options, futures, and forwards
$
6,348

$
4,548

$
136

$
147

Total
$
6,348

$
4,548

$
136

$
147


Contingent Capital Facility Put Option
The Company entered into a put option agreement that provides the Company the right to require a third-party trust to purchase, at any time, The Hartford’s junior subordinated notes in a maximum aggregate principal amount of $500. Under the put option agreement, The Hartford will pay premiums on a periodic basis and will reimburse the trust for certain fees and ordinary expenses.
Modified Coinsurance Reinsurance Contracts
As of September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Company had approximately $921 and $895, respectively, of invested assets supporting other policyholder funds and benefits payable reinsured under a modified coinsurance arrangement in connection with the sale of the Individual Life business, which was structured as a reinsurance transaction. The assets are primarily held in a trust established by the Company. The Company pays or receives cash quarterly to settle the results of the reinsured business, including the investment results. As a result of this modified coinsurance arrangement, the Company has an embedded derivative that transfers to the reinsurer certain unrealized changes in fair value due to interest rate and credit risks of these assets. The notional amount of the embedded derivative reinsurance contracts are the invested assets that are carried at fair value supporting the reinsured reserves.
Derivative Balance Sheet Classification
The following table summarizes the balance sheet classification of the Company’s derivative related net fair value amounts as well as the gross asset and liability fair value amounts. For reporting purposes, the Company has elected to offset within total assets or total liabilities based upon the net of the fair value amounts, income accruals, and related cash collateral receivables and payables of OTC derivative instruments executed in a legal entity and with the same counterparty under a master netting agreement, which provides the Company with the legal right of offset. The Company has also elected to offset within total assets or total liabilities based upon the net of the fair value amounts, income accruals and related cash collateral receivables and payables of OTC-cleared derivative instruments based on clearing house agreements. The following fair value amounts do not include income accruals or related cash collateral receivables and payables, which are netted with derivative fair value amounts to determine balance sheet presentation. Derivative fair value reported as liabilities after taking into account the master netting agreements was $1.4 billion and $1.1 billion, respectively, as of September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015. Derivatives in the Company’s separate accounts, where the associated gains and losses accrue directly to policyholders, are not included in the table below. The Company’s derivative instruments are held for risk management purposes, unless otherwise noted in the following table. The notional amount of derivative contracts represents the basis upon which pay or receive amounts are calculated and is presented in the table to quantify the volume of the Company’s derivative activity. Notional amounts are not necessarily reflective of credit risk. The following tables exclude investments that contain an embedded credit derivative for which the Company has elected the fair value option. For further discussion, see the Fair Value Option section in Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Net Derivatives
Asset Derivatives
Liability Derivatives
 
Notional Amount
Fair Value
Fair Value
Fair Value
Hedge Designation/ Derivative Type
Sep. 30, 2016
Dec. 31, 2015
Sep. 30, 2016
Dec. 31, 2015
Sep. 30, 2016
Dec. 31, 2015
Sep. 30, 2016
Dec. 31, 2015
Cash flow hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
$
3,443

$
3,527

$
74

$
17

$
84

$
50

$
(10
)
$
(33
)
Foreign currency swaps
182

143

(17
)
(19
)
8

7

(25
)
(26
)
Total cash flow hedges
3,625

3,670

57

(2
)
92

57

(35
)
(59
)
Fair value hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
23

23







Total fair value hedges
23

23







Non-qualifying strategies
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps, swaptions, and futures
12,816

14,290

(931
)
(814
)
590

297

(1,521
)
(1,111
)
Foreign exchange contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency swaps and forwards
1,090

653

9

17

15

17

(6
)

Fixed payout annuity hedge
1,063

1,063

(247
)
(357
)


(247
)
(357
)
Credit contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit derivatives that purchase credit protection
185

423

(5
)
18


22

(5
)
(4
)
Credit derivatives that assume credit risk [1]
1,828

2,458

4

(13
)
15

9

(11
)
(22
)
Credit derivatives in offsetting positions
3,797

4,059


(2
)
43

40

(43
)
(42
)
Equity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity index swaps and options
105

419

(1
)
15

30

41

(31
)
(26
)
Variable annuity hedge program
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GMWB product derivatives [2]
13,603

15,099

(348
)
(262
)


(348
)
(262
)
GMWB reinsurance contracts
2,809

3,106

98

83

98

83



GMWB hedging instruments
10,464

10,979

169

158

307

264

(138
)
(106
)
Macro hedge program
6,348

4,548

136

147

197

179

(61
)
(32
)
Other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent capital facility put option
500

500

2

7

2

7



Modified coinsurance reinsurance contracts
921

895

31

79

31

79



Total non-qualifying strategies
55,529

58,492

(1,083
)
(924
)
1,328

1,038

(2,411
)
(1,962
)
Total cash flow hedges, fair value hedges, and non-qualifying strategies
$
59,177

$
62,185

$
(1,026
)
$
(926
)
$
1,420

$
1,095

$
(2,446
)
$
(2,021
)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale
$
416

$
425

$
1

$
(3
)
$
1

$

$

$
(3
)
Other investments
10,477

23,253

278

1

350

409

(72
)
(408
)
Other liabilities
30,902

19,358

(1,055
)
(798
)
940

524

(1,995
)
(1,322
)
Reinsurance recoverables
3,729

4,000

129

162

129

162



Other policyholder funds and benefits payable
13,653

15,149

(379
)
(288
)


(379
)
(288
)
Total derivatives
$
59,177

$
62,185

$
(1,026
)
$
(926
)
$
1,420

$
1,095

$
(2,446
)
$
(2,021
)
[1]
The derivative instruments related to this strategy are held for other investment purposes.
[2]
These derivatives are embedded within liabilities and are not held for risk management purposes.
Change in Notional Amount
The net decrease in notional amount of derivatives since December 31, 2015, was primarily due to the following:
The decline in the combined notional amount associated with the GMWB hedging program, which includes the GMWB product, reinsurance, and hedging derivatives, was primarily driven by policyholder lapses and partial withdrawals.
The decline in notional amount related to non-qualifying interest rate derivatives was primarily driven by the termination of interest rate swaps that were used for duration management.
The decline in notional amount related to the termination of credit derivatives that assume credit risk was a result of re-balancing within certain fixed maturity sectors. The terminated positions related to replication transactions that pair credit derivatives with high quality liquid securities to earn a higher credit spread.
The increase in the notional amount associated with the macro hedge program was primarily due to purchases of equity options and forwards to hedge more of the equity risk.
The increase in the notional amount related to foreign currency derivatives was primarily due to purchases of currency forwards that are used to hedge non-U.S. dollar denominated cash.
Change in Fair Value
The net decline in the total fair value of derivative instruments since December 31, 2015, was primarily related to the following:
The decrease in fair value related to the combined GMWB hedging program was primarily due to an increase in the U.S. equity markets, assumption and fund regression updates, partially offset by an increase in fair value driven by favorable policyholder behavior and outperformance of the underlying actively managed funds compared to their respective indices.
The increase in fair value associated with qualifying cash flow hedge interest rate swaps was due to a decline in interest rates and the decrease in fair value related to non-qualifying interest rate swaps was due to the termination of offsetting swaps that were in a net gain position.
The decrease in the fair value associated with modified coinsurance reinsurance contracts, which are accounted for as embedded derivatives and transfer to the reinsurer the investment experience related to the assets supporting the reinsured policies, was primarily driven by a decline in interest rates.
The increase in fair value associated with the fixed payout annuity hedges was primarily driven by an appreciation of the Japanese yen in comparison to the U.S. dollar, slightly offset by a decline in U.S. interest rates.
Offsetting of Derivative Assets (Liabilities)
The following tables present the gross fair value amounts, the amounts offset, and net position of derivative instruments eligible for offset in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amounts offset include fair value amounts, income accruals and related cash collateral receivables and payables associated with derivative instruments that are traded under a common master netting agreement, as described in the preceding discussion. Also included in the tables are financial collateral receivables and payables, which are contractually permitted to be offset upon an event of default, although are disallowed for offsetting under U.S. GAAP.
As of September 30, 2016
 
(i)
 
(ii)
 
(iii) = (i) - (ii)
(iv)
 
(v) = (iii) - (iv)
 
 
 
 
 
Net Amounts Presented in the Statement of Financial Position
 
Collateral Disallowed for Offset in the Statement of Financial Position
 
 
 
Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets
 
Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position
 
Derivative Assets [1]
 
Accrued Interest and Cash Collateral Received [2]
 
Financial Collateral Received [4]
 
Net Amount
Description
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other investments
$
1,290

 
$
1,024

 
$
278

 
$
(12
)
 
$
209

 
$
57

 
Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities
 
Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position
 
Derivative Liabilities [3]
 
Accrued Interest and Cash Collateral Pledged [3]
 
Financial Collateral Pledged [4]
 
Net Amount
Description
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
$
(2,067
)
 
$
(1,049
)
 
$
(1,055
)
 
$
37

 
$
(974
)
 
$
(44
)

As of December 31, 2015
 
(i)
 
(ii)
 
(iii) = (i) - (ii)
(iv)
 
(v) = (iii) - (iv)
 
 
 
 
 
Net Amounts Presented in the Statement of Financial Position
 
Collateral Disallowed for Offset in the Statement of Financial Position
 
 
 
Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets
 
Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position
 
Derivative Assets [1]
 
Accrued Interest and Cash Collateral Received [2]
 
Financial Collateral Received [4]
 
Net Amount
Description
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other investments
$
933

 
$
756

 
$
1

 
$
176

 
$
100

 
$
77


 
Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities
 
Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position
 
Derivative Liabilities [3]
 
Accrued Interest and Cash Collateral Pledged [3]
 
Financial Collateral Pledged [4]
 
Net Amount
Description
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
$
(1,730
)
 
$
(818
)
 
$
(798
)
 
$
(114
)
 
$
(889
)
 
$
(23
)

[1]
Included in other invested assets in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
[2]
Included in other assets in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and amount presented is limited to the net derivative receivable associated with each counterparty.
[3]
Included in other liabilities in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and amount presented is limited to the net derivative payable associated with each counterparty.
[4]
Excludes collateral associated with exchange-traded derivative instruments.
Cash Flow Hedges
For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative is reported as a component of OCI and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Gains and losses on the derivative representing hedge ineffectiveness are recognized in current period earnings. All components of each derivative’s gain or loss were included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness.
The following tables present the components of the gain or loss on derivatives that qualify as cash flow hedges:
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
 
Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (Effective Portion)
 
Net Realized Capital Gains(Losses) Recognized in Income on Derivative (Ineffective Portion)
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2016
2015
2016
2015
 
2016
2015
2016
2015
Interest rate swaps
$
(26
)
$
91

$
120

$
76

 
$

$

$

$

Foreign currency swaps


1

(1
)
 




Total
$
(26
)
$
91

$
121

$
75

 
$

$

$

$

 
 
Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion)
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Location
2016
2015
 
2016
2015
Interest rate swaps
Net realized capital gains
$

$
1

 
$
7

$
4

Interest rate swaps
Net investment income
16

15

 
46

47

Foreign currency swaps
Net realized capital gains (losses)
1


 
3

(7
)
Total
 
$
17

$
16

 
$
56

$
44

As of September 30, 2016, the before-tax deferred net gains on derivative instruments recorded in AOCI that are expected to be reclassified to earnings during the next twelve months are $29. This expectation is based on the anticipated interest payments on hedged investments in fixed maturity securities that will occur over the next twelve months, at which time the Company will recognize the deferred net gains (losses) as an adjustment to net investment income over the term of the investment cash flows. The maximum term over which the Company is hedging its exposure to the variability of future cash flows for forecasted transactions, excluding interest payments on existing variable-rate financial instruments, is approximately two years.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, and September 30, 2015, the Company had no net reclassifications from AOCI to earnings resulting from the discontinuance of cash-flow hedges due to forecasted transactions that were no longer probable of occurring.
Fair Value Hedges
For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current period earnings. The Company includes the gain or loss on the derivative in the same line item as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item. All components of each derivative’s gain or loss were included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness.
For both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company recognized in income losses of less than $1 representing the ineffective portion of fair value hedges for the derivative instrument and the hedged item.
Non-Qualifying Strategies
For non-qualifying strategies, including embedded derivatives that are required to be bifurcated from their host contracts and accounted for as derivatives, the gain or loss on the derivative is recognized currently in earnings within net realized capital gains (losses). The following table presents the gain or loss recognized in income on non-qualifying strategies:
Derivatives Used in Non-Qualifying Strategies
Gain or (Loss) Recognized within Net Realized Capital Gains and Losses
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2016
2015
 
2016
2015
Interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps, swaptions, and futures
$
(2
)
$
(11
)
 
$
(22
)
$
(16
)
Foreign exchange contracts
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency swaps and forwards [1]
4

3

 
25

11

Fixed payout annuity hedge [2]
13

8

 
109

(23
)
Credit contracts
 
 
 
 
 
Credit derivatives that purchase credit protection
(12
)
7

 
(19
)
5

Credit derivatives that assume credit risk
24

(23
)
 
28

(25
)
Equity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
Equity index swaps and options
(2
)
1

 
15

4

Commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity options

2

 

(8
)
Variable annuity hedge program
 
 
 
 
 
GMWB product derivatives
87

(150
)
 
(22
)
(91
)
GMWB reinsurance contracts
(15
)
24

 
(2
)
15

GMWB hedging instruments
(66
)
94

 
16

41

Macro hedge program
(64
)
51

 
(98
)
24

Other
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent capital facility put option
(1
)
(2
)
 
(4
)
(5
)
Modified coinsurance reinsurance contracts
(1
)
2

 
(48
)
28

Total [3]
$
(35
)
$
6

 
$
(22
)
$
(40
)
[1]
Not included in this amount is the associated transactional foreign currency revaluation related to changes in equity of the U.K. property and casualty runoff subsidiaries, currently held for sale, adjusted through realized capital losses of $(10) and $(33) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016.
[2]
Not included in this amount is the associated liability adjustment for changes in foreign exchange spot rates through realized capital losses of $(10) and $(17) for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $(118) and $(1) for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
[3]
Excludes investments that contain an embedded credit derivative for which the Company has elected the fair value option. For further discussion, see the Fair Value Option section in Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements.
For the three months ended September 30, 2016, the net realized capital gain (loss) related to derivatives used in non-qualifying strategies was primarily comprised of the following:
The net gain on fixed payout annuity hedge was primarily driven by an appreciation of the Japanese yen in comparison to the U.S. dollar.
The net gain on credit contracts was primarily driven by credit spread tightening.
The net gain related to the combined GMWB hedging program, which includes the GMWB product, reinsurance, and hedging derivatives, was primarily due to favorable policyholder behavior and outperformance of the underlying actively managed funds compared to their respective indices, partially offset by losses resulting from assumption updates and an increase in interest rates.
The net loss on the macro hedge program was primarily driven by an increase in equity markets, time decay of options, and a decline in equity volatility.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the net realized capital gain (loss) related to derivatives used in non-qualifying strategies was primarily comprised of the following:
The net loss related to interest rate derivatives was primarily driven by a decline in interest rates and terminations of derivative positions used for duration management.
The net gain on foreign currency swaps and forwards primarily related to the U.K. property and casualty runoff subsidiary hedge and was driven by depreciation of the British pound.
The net gain on the fixed annuity payout hedge was driven by an appreciation of the Japanese yen in comparison to the U.S. dollar, slightly offset by a decline in U.S. interest rates.
The net gain on credit contracts was primarily driven by credit spread tightening.
The net loss related to the combined GMWB hedging program was primarily due to an increase in the U.S. equity markets, partially offset by non-market gains. The non-market gains include favorable policyholder behavior and outperformance of the underlying actively managed funds compared to their respective indices, partially offset by assumption and fund regression updates.
The net loss on the macro hedge program was primarily driven by an increase in equity markets and time decay of options.
The loss associated with modified coinsurance reinsurance contracts, which are accounted for as embedded derivatives and transfer to the reinsurer the investment experience related to the assets supporting the reinsured policies, was primarily driven by a decline in interest rates. The assets remain on the Company's books and the Company recorded an offsetting gain in AOCI as a result of the increase in market value of the bonds.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, the net realized capital gain (loss) related to derivatives used in non-qualifying strategies was primarily comprised of the following:
The losses related to interest rate swaps were driven by a decline in interest rates.
For the nine months September 30, 2015, the net loss related to the fixed payout annuity hedge was primarily driven by a decline in U.S. interest rates.
The net losses related to credit derivatives were primarily driven by widening credit spreads.
The net losses related to the combined GMWB hedging program which includes the GMWB product, reinsurance, and hedging derivatives, were primarily driven by underperformance of the underlying actively managed funds compared to their respective indices and unfavorable policyholder behavior.
For the three months ended September 30, 2015, the gain on the macro hedge program was primarily driven by a decline in equity markets. For the nine months ended September 30, 2015, the gain on the macro hedge program was primarily driven by a decline in equity markets, increased equity volatility, and a decline in interest rates, partially offset by a loss driven by time decay on options.
The gains associated with modified coinsurance reinsurance contracts, which are accounted for as embedded derivatives and transfer to the reinsurer the investment experience related to the assets supporting the reinsured policies, were primarily driven by widening credit spreads, partially offset by a decline in long-term interest rates.
For additional disclosures regarding contingent credit related features in derivative agreements, see Note 10 - Commitments and Contingencies of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Credit Risk Assumed through Credit Derivatives
The Company enters into credit default swaps that assume credit risk of a single entity or referenced index in order to synthetically replicate investment transactions that would be permissible under the Company's investment policies. The Company will receive periodic payments based on an agreed upon rate and notional amount and will only make a payment if there is a credit event. A credit event payment will typically be equal to the notional value of the swap contract less the value of the referenced security issuer’s debt obligation after the occurrence of the credit event. A credit event is generally defined as a default on contractually obligated interest or principal payments or bankruptcy of the referenced entity. The credit default swaps in which the Company assumes credit risk primarily reference investment grade single corporate issuers and baskets, which include standard diversified portfolios of corporate and CMBS issuers. The diversified portfolios of corporate issuers are established within sector concentration limits and may be divided into tranches that possess different credit ratings.
The following tables present the notional amount, fair value, weighted average years to maturity, underlying referenced credit obligation type and average credit ratings, and offsetting notional amounts and fair value for credit derivatives in which the Company is assuming credit risk as of September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015.
As of September 30, 2016
 
 
 
 
Underlying Referenced Credit
Obligation(s) [1]
 
 
Credit Derivative Type by Derivative Risk Exposure
Notional
Amount
[2]
Fair
Value
Weighted
Average
Years to
Maturity
Type
Average
Credit
Rating
Offsetting
Notional
Amount [3]
Offsetting
Fair
Value [3]
Single name credit default swaps
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment grade risk exposure
$
169

$
1

4 years
Corporate Credit/
Foreign Gov.
A-
$
50

$

Below investment grade risk exposure
77


1 year
Corporate Credit
B+
77


Basket credit default swaps [4]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment grade risk exposure
2,446

23

3 years
Corporate Credit
BBB+
1,415

(10
)
Below investment grade risk exposure
50

3

5 years
Corporate Credit
B+
50

(3
)
Investment grade risk exposure
516

(12
)
5 years
CMBS Credit
AA+
188

1

Below investment grade risk exposure
118

(28
)
1 year
CMBS Credit
CCC
118

28

Embedded credit derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment grade risk exposure
350

351

1 year
Corporate Credit
A+


Total [5]
$
3,726

$
338

 
 
 
$
1,898

$
16

As of December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
Underlying Referenced
Credit Obligation(s) [1]
 
 
Credit Derivative Type by Derivative Risk Exposure
Notional
Amount [2]
Fair
Value
Weighted
Average
Years to
Maturity
Type
Average
Credit
Rating
Offsetting
Notional
Amount [3]
Offsetting
Fair
Value [3]
Single name credit default swaps
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment grade risk exposure
$
190

$
(1
)
1 year
Corporate Credit/
Foreign Gov.
BBB+
$
176

$
(1
)
Below investment grade risk exposure
77

(2
)
2 years
Corporate Credit
B
77

1

Basket credit default swaps [4]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment grade risk exposure
3,036

22

4 years
Corporate Credit
BBB+
1,411

(13
)
Investment grade risk exposure
681

(19
)
6 years
CMBS Credit
AA+
212

1

Below investment grade risk exposure
153

(25
)
1 year
CMBS Credit
CCC
153

25

Embedded credit derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment grade risk exposure
350

346

1 year
Corporate Credit
A+


Total [5]
$
4,487

$
321

 
 
 
$
2,029

$
13


[1]
The average credit ratings are based on availability and the midpoint of the applicable ratings among Moody’s, S&P, Fitch, and Morningstar. If no rating is available from a rating agency, then an internally developed rating is used.
[2]
Notional amount is equal to the maximum potential future loss amount. These derivatives are governed by agreements, clearing house rules, and applicable law, which include collateral posting requirements. There is no additional specific collateral related to these contracts or recourse provisions included in the contracts to offset losses.
[3]
The Company has entered into offsetting credit default swaps to terminate certain existing credit default swaps, thereby offsetting the future changes in value of, or losses paid related to, the original swap.
[4]
Includes $3.1 billion and $3.9 billion as of September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively, of standard market indices of diversified portfolios of corporate and CMBS issuers referenced through credit default swaps. These swaps are subsequently valued based upon the observable standard market index.
[5]
Excludes investments that contain an embedded credit derivative for which the Company has elected the fair value option. For further discussion, see the Fair Value Option section in Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements.
Derivative Collateral Arrangements
The Company enters into various collateral arrangements in connection with its derivative instruments, which require both the pledging and accepting of collateral. As of September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Company pledged cash collateral associated with derivative instruments with a fair value of $403 and $488, respectively, for which the collateral receivable has been primarily included within other assets on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company also pledged securities collateral associated with derivative instruments with a fair value of $1.2 billion and $1.1 billion, respectively, as of September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, which have been included in fixed maturities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The counterparties have the right to sell or re-pledge these securities.
As of September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Company accepted cash collateral associated with derivative instruments of $378 and $369, respectively, which was invested and recorded in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets in fixed maturities and short-term investments with corresponding amounts recorded in other liabilities. The Company also accepted securities collateral as of September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, with a fair value of $219 and $100, respectively, of which the Company has the ability to sell or repledge $207 and $100, respectively. As of September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Company had no repledged securities and did not sell any securities. In addition, as of September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, non-cash collateral accepted was held in separate custodial accounts and was not included in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Schedule of Cash Flow Hedging Instruments, Statements of Financial Performance and Financial Position, Location [Table Text Block]
Cash Flow Hedges
For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative is reported as a component of OCI and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Gains and losses on the derivative representing hedge ineffectiveness are recognized in current period earnings. All components of each derivative’s gain or loss were included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness.
The following tables present the components of the gain or loss on derivatives that qualify as cash flow hedges:
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
 
Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (Effective Portion)
 
Net Realized Capital Gains(Losses) Recognized in Income on Derivative (Ineffective Portion)
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2016
2015
2016
2015
 
2016
2015
2016
2015
Interest rate swaps
$
(26
)
$
91

$
120

$
76

 
$

$

$

$

Foreign currency swaps


1

(1
)
 




Total
$
(26
)
$
91

$
121

$
75

 
$

$

$

$

 
 
Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion)
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Location
2016
2015
 
2016
2015
Interest rate swaps
Net realized capital gains
$

$
1

 
$
7

$
4

Interest rate swaps
Net investment income
16

15

 
46

47

Foreign currency swaps
Net realized capital gains (losses)
1


 
3

(7
)
Total
 
$
17

$
16

 
$
56

$
44

Schedule of Derivative Instruments in Statement of Financial Position, Fair Value [Table Text Block]
Derivative Balance Sheet Classification
The following table summarizes the balance sheet classification of the Company’s derivative related net fair value amounts as well as the gross asset and liability fair value amounts. For reporting purposes, the Company has elected to offset within total assets or total liabilities based upon the net of the fair value amounts, income accruals, and related cash collateral receivables and payables of OTC derivative instruments executed in a legal entity and with the same counterparty under a master netting agreement, which provides the Company with the legal right of offset. The Company has also elected to offset within total assets or total liabilities based upon the net of the fair value amounts, income accruals and related cash collateral receivables and payables of OTC-cleared derivative instruments based on clearing house agreements. The following fair value amounts do not include income accruals or related cash collateral receivables and payables, which are netted with derivative fair value amounts to determine balance sheet presentation. Derivative fair value reported as liabilities after taking into account the master netting agreements was $1.4 billion and $1.1 billion, respectively, as of September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015. Derivatives in the Company’s separate accounts, where the associated gains and losses accrue directly to policyholders, are not included in the table below. The Company’s derivative instruments are held for risk management purposes, unless otherwise noted in the following table. The notional amount of derivative contracts represents the basis upon which pay or receive amounts are calculated and is presented in the table to quantify the volume of the Company’s derivative activity. Notional amounts are not necessarily reflective of credit risk. The following tables exclude investments that contain an embedded credit derivative for which the Company has elected the fair value option. For further discussion, see the Fair Value Option section in Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Net Derivatives
Asset Derivatives
Liability Derivatives
 
Notional Amount
Fair Value
Fair Value
Fair Value
Hedge Designation/ Derivative Type
Sep. 30, 2016
Dec. 31, 2015
Sep. 30, 2016
Dec. 31, 2015
Sep. 30, 2016
Dec. 31, 2015
Sep. 30, 2016
Dec. 31, 2015
Cash flow hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
$
3,443

$
3,527

$
74

$
17

$
84

$
50

$
(10
)
$
(33
)
Foreign currency swaps
182

143

(17
)
(19
)
8

7

(25
)
(26
)
Total cash flow hedges
3,625

3,670

57

(2
)
92

57

(35
)
(59
)
Fair value hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
23

23







Total fair value hedges
23

23







Non-qualifying strategies
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps, swaptions, and futures
12,816

14,290

(931
)
(814
)
590

297

(1,521
)
(1,111
)
Foreign exchange contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency swaps and forwards
1,090

653

9

17

15

17

(6
)

Fixed payout annuity hedge
1,063

1,063

(247
)
(357
)


(247
)
(357
)
Credit contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit derivatives that purchase credit protection
185

423

(5
)
18


22

(5
)
(4
)
Credit derivatives that assume credit risk [1]
1,828

2,458

4

(13
)
15

9

(11
)
(22
)
Credit derivatives in offsetting positions
3,797

4,059


(2
)
43

40

(43
)
(42
)
Equity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity index swaps and options
105

419

(1
)
15

30

41

(31
)
(26
)
Variable annuity hedge program
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GMWB product derivatives [2]
13,603

15,099

(348
)
(262
)


(348
)
(262
)
GMWB reinsurance contracts
2,809

3,106

98

83

98

83



GMWB hedging instruments
10,464

10,979

169

158

307

264

(138
)
(106
)
Macro hedge program
6,348

4,548

136

147

197

179

(61
)
(32
)
Other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent capital facility put option
500

500

2

7

2

7



Modified coinsurance reinsurance contracts
921

895

31

79

31

79



Total non-qualifying strategies
55,529

58,492

(1,083
)
(924
)
1,328

1,038

(2,411
)
(1,962
)
Total cash flow hedges, fair value hedges, and non-qualifying strategies
$
59,177

$
62,185

$
(1,026
)
$
(926
)
$
1,420

$
1,095

$
(2,446
)
$
(2,021
)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale
$
416

$
425

$
1

$
(3
)
$
1

$

$

$
(3
)
Other investments
10,477

23,253

278

1

350

409

(72
)
(408
)
Other liabilities
30,902

19,358

(1,055
)
(798
)
940

524

(1,995
)
(1,322
)
Reinsurance recoverables
3,729

4,000

129

162

129

162



Other policyholder funds and benefits payable
13,653

15,149

(379
)
(288
)


(379
)
(288
)
Total derivatives
$
59,177

$
62,185

$
(1,026
)
$
(926
)
$
1,420

$
1,095

$
(2,446
)
$
(2,021
)
[1]
The derivative instruments related to this strategy are held for other investment purposes.
[2]
These derivatives are embedded within liabilities and are not held for risk management purposes.
Schedule of Derivative Instruments [Table Text Block]
 
Notional Amount
Fair Value
 
September 30,
2016
December 31, 2015
September 30,
2016
December 31, 2015
Customized swaps
$
5,366

$
5,877

$
142

$
131

Equity swaps, options, and futures
1,355

1,362

(13
)
2

Interest rate swaps and futures
3,743

3,740

40

25

Total
$
10,464

$
10,979

$
169

$
158

Macro Hedge Program
The Company utilizes equity swaps, options, futures, and forwards to provide partial protection against the statutory tail scenario risk arising from GMWB and guaranteed minimum death benefit ("GMDB") liabilities on the Company's statutory surplus. These derivatives cover some of the residual risks not otherwise covered by the dynamic hedging program. The following table presents notional and fair value for the macro hedge program.
 
Notional Amount
Fair Value
 
September 30,
2016
December 31, 2015
September 30,
2016
December 31, 2015
Equity swaps, options, futures, and forwards
$
6,348

$
4,548

$
136

$
147

Total
$
6,348

$
4,548

$
136

$
147

Derivatives, Methods of Accounting, Hedge Documentation [Policy Text Block]
Strategies That Qualify for Hedge Accounting
Certain derivatives that the Company enters into satisfy the hedge accounting requirements as outlined in Note 1 - Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in The Hartford’s 2015 Form 10-K Annual Report. Typically, these hedge relationships include interest rate swaps and, to a lesser extent, foreign currency swaps where the terms or expected cash flows of the hedged item closely match the terms of the swap. The interest rate swaps are typically used to manage interest rate duration of certain fixed maturity securities or liability contracts. The hedge strategies by hedge accounting designation include:
Cash Flow Hedges
Interest rate swaps are predominantly used to manage portfolio duration and better match cash receipts from assets with cash disbursements required to fund liabilities. These derivatives primarily convert interest receipts on floating-rate fixed maturity securities to fixed rates. The Company also enters into forward starting swap agreements to hedge the interest rate exposure related to the purchase of fixed-rate securities, primarily to hedge interest rate risk inherent in the assumptions used to price certain liabilities.
Foreign currency swaps are used to convert foreign currency-denominated cash flows related to certain investment receipts and liability payments to U.S. dollars in order to reduce cash flow fluctuations due to changes in currency rates.
Fair Value Hedges
Interest rate swaps are used to hedge the changes in fair value of fixed maturity securities due to fluctuations in interest rates. These swaps are typically used to manage interest rate duration.
Derivatives, Methods of Accounting, Derivatives Not Designated or Qualifying as Hedges [Policy Text Block]
Non-Qualifying Strategies
Derivative relationships that do not qualify for hedge accounting (“non-qualifying strategies”) primarily include the hedge program for the Company's variable annuity products as well as the hedging and replication strategies that utilize credit default swaps. In addition, hedges of interest rate, foreign currency and equity risk of certain fixed maturities, equities and liabilities do not qualify for hedge accounting.
The non-qualifying strategies include:
Interest Rate Swaps, Swaptions, and Futures
The Company uses interest rate swaps, swaptions, and futures to manage duration between assets and liabilities in certain investment portfolios. In addition, the Company enters into interest rate swaps to terminate existing swaps, thereby offsetting the changes in value of the original swap. As of September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the notional amount of interest rate swaps in offsetting relationships was $12.1 billion and $12.9 billion, respectively.
Foreign Currency Swaps and Forwards
Foreign currency forwards are used to hedge non-U.S. dollar denominated cash and equity securities as well as currency impacts on changes in equity of the U.K. property and casualty runoff subsidiaries that is held for sale. For further information on the disposition, see Note 2 - Business Acquisitions and Dispositions of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company also enters into foreign currency swaps and forwards to convert the foreign currency exposures of certain foreign currency-denominated fixed maturity investments to U.S. dollars.
Fixed Payout Annuity Hedge
The Company reinsures certain yen denominated fixed payout annuities. The Company invests in U.S. dollar denominated assets to support the reinsurance liability. The Company has in place pay U.S. dollar, receive yen swap contracts to hedge the currency and yen interest rate exposure between the U.S. dollar denominated assets and the yen denominated fixed liability reinsurance payments.
Credit Contracts
Credit default swaps are used to purchase credit protection on an individual entity or referenced index to economically hedge against default risk and credit-related changes in value of fixed maturity securities. Credit default swaps are also used to assume credit risk related to an individual entity or referenced index as a part of replication transactions. These contracts require the Company to pay or receive a periodic fee in exchange for compensation from the counterparty should the referenced security issuers experience a credit event, as defined in the contract. The Company is also exposed to credit risk related to certain structured fixed maturity securities that have embedded credit derivatives, which reference a standard index of corporate securities. In addition, the Company enters into credit default swaps to terminate existing credit default swaps, thereby offsetting the changes in value of the original swap going forward.
Equity Index Swaps and Options
The Company enters into equity index options to hedge the impact of a decline in the equity markets on the investment portfolio. During 2015, the Company entered into a total return swap to hedge equity risk of specific common stock investments which were accounted for using the fair value option in order to align the accounting treatment within net realized capital gains (losses). The swap matured in January 2016 and the specific common stock investments were sold at that time. In addition, the Company formerly offered certain equity indexed products that remain in force, a portion of which contain embedded derivatives that require bifurcation. The Company uses equity index swaps to economically hedge the equity volatility risk associated with the equity indexed products.
Commodity Contracts
The Company has used put option contracts on oil futures to partially offset potential losses related to certain fixed maturity securities that could be impacted by changes in oil prices.
GMWB Derivatives, Net
The Company formerly offered certain variable annuity products with GMWB riders. The GMWB product is a bifurcated embedded derivative (“GMWB product derivatives”) that has a notional value equal to the GRB. The Company uses reinsurance contracts to transfer a portion of its risk of loss due to GMWB. The reinsurance contracts covering GMWB (“GMWB reinsurance contracts”) are accounted for as free-standing derivatives with a notional amount equal to the GRB amount.
The Company utilizes derivatives (“GMWB hedging instruments”) as part of a dynamic hedging program designed to hedge a portion of the capital market risk exposures of the non-reinsured GMWB riders due to changes in interest rates, equity market levels, and equity volatility. These derivatives include customized swaps, interest rate swaps and futures, and equity swaps, options and futures, on certain indices including the S&P 500 index, EAFE index and NASDAQ index. The Company retains the risk for differences between assumed and actual policyholder behavior and between the performance of the actively managed funds underlying the separate accounts and their respective indices. The following table presents notional and fair value for GMWB hedging instruments.
 
Notional Amount
Fair Value
 
September 30,
2016
December 31, 2015
September 30,
2016
December 31, 2015
Customized swaps
$
5,366

$
5,877

$
142

$
131

Equity swaps, options, and futures
1,355

1,362

(13
)
2

Interest rate swaps and futures
3,743

3,740

40

25

Total
$
10,464

$
10,979

$
169

$
158


Macro Hedge Program
The Company utilizes equity swaps, options, futures, and forwards to provide partial protection against the statutory tail scenario risk arising from GMWB and guaranteed minimum death benefit ("GMDB") liabilities on the Company's statutory surplus. These derivatives cover some of the residual risks not otherwise covered by the dynamic hedging program. The following table presents notional and fair value for the macro hedge program.
 
Notional Amount
Fair Value
 
September 30,
2016
December 31, 2015
September 30,
2016
December 31, 2015
Equity swaps, options, futures, and forwards
$
6,348

$
4,548

$
136

$
147

Total
$
6,348

$
4,548

$
136

$
147


Contingent Capital Facility Put Option
The Company entered into a put option agreement that provides the Company the right to require a third-party trust to purchase, at any time, The Hartford’s junior subordinated notes in a maximum aggregate principal amount of $500. Under the put option agreement, The Hartford will pay premiums on a periodic basis and will reimburse the trust for certain fees and ordinary expenses.
Modified Coinsurance Reinsurance Contracts
As of September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Company had approximately $921 and $895, respectively, of invested assets supporting other policyholder funds and benefits payable reinsured under a modified coinsurance arrangement in connection with the sale of the Individual Life business, which was structured as a reinsurance transaction. The assets are primarily held in a trust established by the Company. The Company pays or receives cash quarterly to settle the results of the reinsured business, including the investment results. As a result of this modified coinsurance arrangement, the Company has an embedded derivative that transfers to the reinsurer certain unrealized changes in fair value due to interest rate and credit risks of these assets. The notional amount of the embedded derivative reinsurance contracts are the invested assets that are carried at fair value supporting the reinsured reserves.