Provisions (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022


		United States Dollar
	Figures in millions unless otherwise stated	2022	2021

25.1	Environmental rehabilitation costs	387.7	430.9
25.2	Silicosis settlement costs	10.5	13.1
	Other	1.9	2.6
	Total provisions	400.1	446.6
	Current portion of provisions	(18.5)	(12.6)
	Non-current portion of provisions	381.6	434.0
25.1	Environmental rehabilitation costs
	Balance at beginning of the year	430.9	381.5
	Changes in estimates - capitalised1	(22.1)	66.1
	Changes in estimates - recognised in profit or loss1	(8.9)	10.8
	Interest expense	11.8	8.6
	Payments	(10.8)	(23.7)
	Translation adjustment	(13.2)	(12.4)
	Balance at end of the year2	387.7	430.9
	Current portion of environmental rehabilitation costs	(17.2)	(12.0)
	Non-current portion of environmental rehabilitation costs	370.5	418.9
	The provision is calculated using the following gross closure cost estimates:
	South Africa	47.2	41.1
	Ghana	101.0	98.9
	Australia	215.4	214.4
	Peru	148.4	126.4
	Chile	52.8	29.7
	Total gross closure cost estimates	564.8	510.5


The provision is calculated using the following assumptions:	Inflation rate Year 1		Inflation rate Year 2		Inflation rate Year 3		Inflation rate Year 4 onwards		Discount rate

2022
South Africa	5.3	%	4.7	%	4.6	%	4.6	%	11.4	%
Ghana	3.4	%	2.6	%	2.4	%	2.4	%	15.0% – 15.2%
Australia	4.8	%	2.9	%	2.7	%	2.5	%	4.0% – 4.3%
Peru	3.4	%	2.6	%	2.4	%	2.4	%	5.4	%
Chile	3.4	%	2.6	%	2.4	%	2.4	%	4.7	%
2021
South Africa	4.5	%	4.5	%	4.5	%	4.5	%	10.6	%
Ghana	2.4	%	2.4	%	2.4	%	2.4	%	6.6% – 7.2%
Australia	2.4	%	2.4	%	2.4	%	2.4	%	2.4	%
Peru	2.4	%	2.4	%	2.4	%	2.4	%	2.8	%
Chile	2.4	%	2.4	%	2.4	%	2.4	%	2.4	%

1 Changes in estimates are defined as changes in reserves and corresponding changes in life of mine as well as changes in laws and regulations governing environmental matters, closure cost estimates and discount rates. The decrease is mainly due to the increase in the discount rates used in the 2022 calculations.

2 South African, Ghanaian, Australian and Peruvian mining companies are required by law to undertake rehabilitation as part of their ongoing operations. These environmental rehabilitation costs are funded as follows:

•Ghana – reclamation bonds underwritten by banks and restricted cash (refer to note 18);

•South Africa – contributions into environmental trust funds (refer to note 18) and guarantees (refer to note 34);

•Australia – mine rehabilitation fund levy and restricted cash; and

•Peru – bank guarantees and restricted cash (refer to note 34).

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements continued

for the year ended 31 December 2022

Summary of Silicosis settlement costs


		United States Dollar
		2022	2021

25.2	Silicosis settlement costs1
	Balance at the beginning of the year	13.1	18.3
	Changes in estimates	(2.2)	(0.7)
	Unwinding of provision recognised as finance expense	1.0	1.1
	Payment	(0.7)	(4.4)
	Translation	(0.7)	(1.2)
	Balance at end of the year	10.5	13.1
	Current portion of silicosis settlement costs	(1.3)	(0.6)
	Non-current portion of silicosis settlement costs	9.2	12.5

1 The principal health risks associated with Gold Fields’ mining operations in South Africa arise from occupational exposure to silica dust, noise, heat and certain hazardous chemicals. The most significant occupational diseases affecting Gold Fields’ workforce include lung diseases (such as silicosis, tuberculosis, a combination of the two and chronic obstructive airways disease (“COAD”) as well as noise induced hearing loss (“NIHL”)).

A consolidated application was brought against several South African mining companies, including Gold Fields, for certification of a class action on behalf of current or former mineworkers (and their dependants) who have allegedly contracted silicosis and/or tuberculosis while working for one or more of the mining companies listed in the application.

This matter was previously disclosed as a contingent liability as the amount could not be estimated reliably. As a result of the ongoing work of the Gold Working Group (comprising African Rainbow Minerals, Anglo American SA, AngloGold Ashanti, Gold Fields, Harmony and Sibanye-Stillwater) (the “GWG Parties”) and engagements with affected stakeholders since 31 December 2016, Gold Fields was able to reliably estimate its share in the estimated cost in relation to the GWG Parties of a possible settlement of the class action claims and related costs during 2017. As a result, Gold Fields provided an amount of US$10.5 million (R178.9 million) (2021: US$13.1 million (R209.6 million)) for this obligation in the statement of financial position at 31 December 2022. The nominal amount of this provision is US$14.4 million (R244.7 million). Gold Fields believes that this remains a reasonable estimate of its share of the settlement of the class action claims and related costs.

The assumptions that were made in the determination of the provision include silicosis prevalence rates, estimated settlement per claimant, benefit take-up rates and disease progression rates. A discount rate of 9.22% (2021: 7.83%) was used, based on government bonds with similar terms to the anticipated settlements.

Refer to note 35 for further details.