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Share-based compensation plans (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Disclosure Of Terms And Conditions Of Sharebased Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Schedule of number of stock options and weighted average exercisable price
(Number of options)20202019
Beginning of year8,617,0978,820,805
Options granted-886,740
Options forfeited(81,991)(270,025)
Options expired(1,911,558)(815,423)
Options exercised [note 16](465,009)(5,000)
End of year6,158,5398,617,097
Exercisable5,076,2266,290,380

Weighted average exercise prices were as follows:
20202019
Beginning of year$17.44$19.75
Options granted-15.27
Options forfeited22.2222.59
Options expired20.1438.43
Options exercised 11.5616.38
End of year$16.98$17.44
Exercisable$17.73$18.90
Total options outstanding and exercisable
Total options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2020 were as follows:
Options outstandingOptions exercisable
Option price per shareNumberWeighted average remaining lifeWeighted average exercisable priceNumberWeighted average exercisable price
$11.32 - 15.833,060,7215.0$13.721,978,408$13.85
$15.84 - 26.813,097,8181.8$20.213,097,818$20.21
6,158,5395,076,226
The foregoing options have expiry dates ranging from February 28, 2021 to February 28, 2027.
Compensation expense under equity settled plans
20202019
Stock option plan$1,011$4,418
Performance share unit plan(a)2,6507,245
Restricted share unit plan2,9032,679
Employee share ownership plan3,1743,127
Total$9,738$17,469

(a) In the fourth quarter of 2019, the performance share unit plan was amended to allow eligible participants to elect payout of their grants in cash or shares, provided they have met their share ownership requirements. As a result, this plan is now considered cash-settled for new grants. Expenses related to PSUs granted in previous years will continue to appear as equity-settled if certain assumptions related to the calculation of fair value are met.
Expenses (recoveries) cash-settled plans
20202019
Deferred share unit plan$3,765$(1,001)
Performance share unit plan20,287-
Phantom stock option plan1,340(436)
Restricted share unit plan(a)1,849-
Total$27,241$(1,437)

(a) Due to the inclusion of a new group of participants in the RSU plan that are able to elect cash settlement, grants to this group will appear as an expense of a cash-settled plan. Grants to the original group of participants are still disclosed as an expense of an equity-settled plan.
Equity-settled plan [Member]  
Disclosure of terms and conditions of share-based payment arrangement [line items]  
Inputs measurement fair value of sharebased plans
Grant date
Mar 1/20
Number of options granted283,426
Average strike price$11.45
Expected forfeitures13%
Weighted average grant date fair values$11.45
Cash Settled Plan [Member]  
Disclosure of terms and conditions of share-based payment arrangement [line items]  
Inputs measurement fair value of sharebased plans
PSURSUPhantom stock options
Grant dateReporting dateGrant dateReporting dateGrant dateReporting date
Mar 1/20Dec 31/20Mar 1/20Dec 31/20Mar 1/20Dec 31/20
Number of units636,5701,720,636423,180425,176112,140422,291
Expected vesting102%129%----
Average strike price----$11.61$15.66
Expected dividend----$0.08$0.08
Expected volatility(a)-22%--39%41%
Risk-free interest rate(a)-0.1%--0.6%0.3%
Expected life of option3.0 years1 year3.0 years2.2 years4 years3.4 years
Expected forfeitures12%11%12%12%8%7%
Weighted average
measurement date fair values$11.45$22.01$11.45$17.05$2.85$5.43

(a) During the first quarter of 2020, the vesting conditions of the PSU plan were amended such that total shareholder return is no longer included for new grants. Due to this change, expected volatility and the risk-free interest rate will no longer be considered in calculating the fair value of new grants.