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Business and Basis of Presentation | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] |
Business and Basis of Presentation | BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION Prudential Financial, Inc. (“Prudential Financial”) and its subsidiaries (collectively, “Prudential” or the “Company”) provide a wide range of insurance, investment management, and other financial products and services to both individual and institutional customers throughout the United States and in many other countries. Principal products and services provided include life insurance, annuities, retirement solutions, mutual funds and investment management. Effective January 1, 2023, the Company made the following segment reporting changes, which do not impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements: •Based on the write-down of Assurance IQ’s (“AIQ”) goodwill asset, and that its financial results and operations are not considered significant, AIQ no longer represents a separately reportable segment and is now included within the Company’s Corporate and Other operations. •Since Prudential Advisors, the Company’s proprietary nationwide distribution business, is no longer managed through the Individual Life segment and its financial results and operations are not considered significant, it is now included within the Company’s Corporate and Other operations. Historical segment results have been updated to conform to the current period presentation. The Company’s principal operations consist of PGIM (the Company’s global investment management business), the U.S. Businesses (consisting of the Retirement Strategies, Group Insurance and Individual Life businesses), the International Businesses, the Closed Block division, and the Company’s Corporate and Other operations. The Closed Block division is accounted for as a divested business that is reported separately from the Divested and Run-off Businesses that are included within Corporate and Other operations. Divested and Run-off Businesses consist of businesses that have been, or will be, sold or exited, including businesses that have been placed in wind-down status that do not qualify for “discontinued operations” accounting treatment under U.S. GAAP. The Company’s Corporate and Other operations include corporate items and initiatives that are not allocated to business segments as well as the Divested and Run-off Businesses described above. In September 2023, the Company, through its Corporate and Other operations, invested approximately $200 million, and acquired a 20% equity interest as a limited partner, in Prismic Life Holding Company LP (“Prismic”), a Bermuda-exempted limited partnership that owns all of the outstanding capital stock of Prismic Life Reinsurance, Ltd. (“Prismic Re”), a licensed Bermuda-based life and annuity reinsurance company. As this investment is accounted for under the equity method, both Prismic and Prismic Re are considered related parties. Beginning with the fourth quarter of 2023, the operating results of Corporate and Other reflect the Company’s share of earnings in Prismic on a quarter lag. For information regarding the Company’s initial reinsurance transaction with Prismic Re, effective September 2023, see Note 15. As part of its continuous improvement process, the Company is working to become a leaner and more agile company by simplifying its management structure, empowering its employees with faster decision-making processes and investing in technology and data platforms. As part of this, the Company is implementing changes to its organizational structure and has recorded a restructuring charge of $200 million to “General and administrative expenses” in the fourth quarter of 2023 within its Corporate and Other operations. The Company expects these actions will create operating efficiencies, and provide reinvestment capacity to build capabilities, realize additional efficiencies, strengthen its competitiveness and fuel future growth. Basis of Presentation On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2018-12, Financial Services—Insurance (Topic 944): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts, which provided new authoritative guidance impacting the accounting and disclosure requirements for long-duration insurance and investment contracts issued by the Company. See “Adoption of ASU 2018-12” below for additional information regarding this adoption, including the impacts to the Company’s 2022 and 2021 financial statements from implementing the new accounting standard, as well as the transition impacts recorded as of January 1, 2021. See Note 2 for additional details regarding the key policy changes effected by this ASU and updated accounting policies resulting from the adoption of this ASU for all periods presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements. The Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Prudential Financial, entities over which the Company exercises control, including majority-owned subsidiaries and minority-owned entities such as limited partnerships in which the Company is the general partner and variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which the Company is considered the primary beneficiary. See Note 4 for additional information regarding the Company’s consolidated variable interest entities. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Adoption of ASU 2018-12 In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2018-12, Financial Services—Insurance (Topic 944): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts which provides new authoritative guidance impacting the accounting and disclosure requirements for long-duration insurance and investment contracts issued by the Company. The Company adopted this guidance, effective January 1, 2023, using the modified retrospective transition method, where permitted, for changes to the liability for future policy benefits and deferred policy acquisition costs (“DAC”) and related balances, and using the retrospective transition method, as required, for market risk benefits. The Company applied the guidance as of the transition date of January 1, 2021 and retrospectively adjusted prior period amounts shown in the 2023 financial statements to reflect the new guidance. The following tables present amounts as previously reported in 2022 and 2021, the effect upon those amounts from the adoption of the new guidance under ASU 2018-12, and the adjusted amounts that are reflected in the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein. Consolidated Statements of Financial Position:
| December 31, 2022
IMPACTED LINES ONLY | As Previously Reported |  | Effect of Change |  | As Currently Reported
| (in millions)
Deferred policy acquisition costs | $ | 19,537 |  |  | $ | 1,009 |  |  | $ | 20,546 |
Value of business acquired | 595 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 621 |
Reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables | 17,460 |  |  | 1,533 |  |  | 18,993 |
Income tax assets | 4,214 |  |  | (4,214) |  |  | 0 |
Market risk benefit assets | 0 |  |  | 800 |  |  | 800 |
Other assets | 12,728 |  |  | (42) |  |  | 12,686 |
TOTAL ASSETS | $ | 689,917 |  |  | $ | (888) |  |  | $ | 689,029 |
Future policy benefits | 284,452 |  |  | (22,679) |  |  | 261,773 |
Policyholders' account balances | 135,602 |  |  | 22 |  |  | 135,624 |
Market risk benefit liabilities | 0 |  |  | 5,864 |  |  | 5,864 |
Reinsurance and funds withheld payables | 4,462 |  |  | 1,271 |  |  | 5,733 |
Income tax liabilities | 0 |  |  | 277 |  |  | 277 |
Other liabilities(1) | 15,703 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 15,720 |
Total liabilities | 672,338 |  |  | (15,228) |  |  | 657,110 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | (19,827) |  |  | 16,021 |  |  | (3,806) |
Retained earnings | 33,392 |  |  | (1,678) |  |  | 31,714 |
Total Prudential Financial, Inc. equity | 16,250 |  |  | 14,343 |  |  | 30,593 |
Noncontrolling interests | 958 |  |  | (3) |  |  | 955 |
Total equity | 17,208 |  |  | 14,340 |  |  | 31,548 |
TOTAL LIABILITIES, MEZZANINE EQUITY AND EQUITY | $ | 689,917 |  |  | $ | (888) |  |  | $ | 689,029 |
__________ (1) The previously reported amount has been adjusted for certain redeemable noncontrolling interests, which are now presented as Mezzanine equity. Consolidated Statements of Operations:
| Year Ended December 31, 2022
IMPACTED LINES ONLY | As Previously Reported |  | Effect of Change |  | As Currently Reported
| (in millions, except per share amounts)
REVENUES |  |  |  |  |
Premiums | $ | 38,019 |  |  | $ | (1,544) |  |  | $ | 36,475 |
Policy charges and fee income | 5,574 |  |  | (959) |  |  | 4,615 |
Other income (loss) | (273) |  |  | 881 |  |  | 608 |
Realized investment gains (losses), net | (3,369) |  |  | (1,138) |  |  | (4,507) |
Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging gains (losses) | 0 |  |  | (409) |  |  | (409) |
Total revenues | 60,050 |  |  | (3,169) |  |  | 56,881 |
BENEFITS AND EXPENSES |  |  |  |  |
Policyholders' benefits | 43,487 |  |  | (2,671) |  |  | 40,816 |
Change in estimates of liability for future policy benefits | 0 |  |  | 654 |  |  | 654 |
Interest credited to policyholders' account balances | 2,316 |  |  | (123) |  |  | 2,193 |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs | 2,429 |  |  | (996) |  |  | 1,433 |
General and administrative expenses | 12,493 |  |  | 83 |  |  | 12,576 |
Total benefits and expenses | 61,826 |  |  | (3,053) |  |  | 58,773 |
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND EQUITY IN EARNINGS OF OPERATING JOINT VENTURES | (1,776) |  |  | (116) |  |  | (1,892) |
Total income tax expense (benefit) | (370) |  |  | 91 |  |  | (279) |
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE EQUITY IN EARNINGS OF OPERATING JOINT VENTURES | (1,406) |  |  | (207) |  |  | (1,613) |
Equity in earnings of operating joint ventures, net of taxes | (56) |  |  | (6) |  |  | (62) |
NET INCOME (LOSS) | (1,462) |  |  | (213) |  |  | (1,675) |
Less: Income attributable to noncontrolling interests | (24) |  |  | (4) |  |  | (28) |
NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC. | $ | (1,438) |  |  | $ | (209) |  |  | $ | (1,647) |
EARNINGS PER SHARE |  |  |  |  |
Basic earnings per share-Common Stock: |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc. | $ | (3.93) |  |  | $ | (0.56) |  |  | $ | (4.49) |
Diluted earnings per share-Common Stock: |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc. | $ | (3.93) |  |  | $ | (0.56) |  |  | $ | (4.49) |
| Year Ended December 31, 2021
IMPACTED LINES ONLY | As Previously Reported |  | Effect of Change |  | As Currently Reported
| (in millions, except per share amounts)
REVENUES |  |  |  |  |
Premiums | $ | 34,827 |  |  | $ | (877) |  |  | $ | 33,950 |
Policy charges and fee income | 5,944 |  |  | (511) |  |  | 5,433 |
Other income (loss) | 2,951 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 2,964 |
Realized investment gains (losses), net | 4,024 |  |  | (1,909) |  |  | 2,115 |
Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging gain | 0 |  |  | 3,597 |  |  | 3,597 |
Total revenues | 70,934 |  |  | 313 |  |  | 71,247 |
BENEFITS AND EXPENSES |  |  |  |  |
Policyholders' benefits | 38,458 |  |  | (467) |  |  | 37,991 |
Change in estimates of liability for future policy benefits | 0 |  |  | (35) |  |  | (35) |
Interest credited to policyholders' account balances | 3,482 |  |  | (51) |  |  | 3,431 |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs | 2,097 |  |  | (615) |  |  | 1,482 |
General and administrative expenses | 13,582 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 13,609 |
Total benefits and expenses | 61,553 |  |  | (1,141) |  |  | 60,412 |
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND EQUITY IN EARNINGS OF OPERATING JOINT VENTURES | 9,381 |  |  | 1,454 |  |  | 10,835 |
Total income tax expense (benefit) | 1,674 |  |  | 321 |  |  | 1,995 |
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE EQUITY IN EARNINGS OF OPERATING JOINT VENTURES | 7,707 |  |  | 1,133 |  |  | 8,840 |
Equity in earnings of operating joint ventures, net of taxes | 87 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 98 |
NET INCOME (LOSS) | 7,794 |  |  | 1,144 |  |  | 8,938 |
NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC. | $ | 7,724 |  |  | $ | 1,144 |  |  | $ | 8,868 |
EARNINGS PER SHARE |  |  |  |  |
Basic earnings per share-Common Stock: |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc. | $ | 19.65 |  |  | $ | 2.91 |  |  | $ | 22.56 |
Diluted earnings per share-Common Stock: |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc. | $ | 19.51 |  |  | $ | 2.89 |  |  | $ | 22.40 |
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income:
| Year Ended December 31, 2022
IMPACTED LINES ONLY | As Previously Reported |  | Effect of Change |  | As Currently Reported
| (in millions)
NET INCOME (LOSS) | $ | (1,462) |  |  | $ | (213) |  |  | $ | (1,675) |
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax: |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments for the period | (1,185) |  |  | 54 |  |  | (1,131) |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) | (52,667) |  |  | (3,178) |  |  | (55,845) |
Interest rate remeasurement of future policy benefits | 0 |  |  | 63,643 |  |  | 63,643 |
Gain (loss) from changes in non-performance risk on market risk benefits | 0 |  |  | 938 |  |  | 938 |
Total | (53,216) |  |  | 61,457 |  |  | 8,241 |
Less: Income tax expense (benefit) related to other comprehensive income (loss) | (12,063) |  |  | 14,618 |  |  | 2,555 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes | (41,153) |  |  | 46,839 |  |  | 5,686 |
Comprehensive income (loss) | (42,615) |  |  | 46,626 |  |  | 4,011 |
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | (26) |  |  | (3) |  |  | (29) |
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc. | $ | (42,589) |  |  | $ | 46,629 |  |  | $ | 4,040 |
| Year Ended December 31, 2021
IMPACTED LINES ONLY | As Previously Reported |  | Effect of Change |  | As Currently Reported
| (in millions)
NET INCOME (LOSS) | $ | 7,794 |  |  | $ | 1,144 |  |  | $ | 8,938 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax: |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments for the period | (1,138) |  |  | 37 |  |  | (1,101) |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) | (11,712) |  |  | (3,241) |  |  | (14,953) |
Interest rate remeasurement of future policy benefits | 0 |  |  | 18,941 |  |  | 18,941 |
Gain (loss) from changes in non-performance risk on market risk benefits | 0 |  |  | (693) |  |  | (693) |
Total | (11,743) |  |  | 15,044 |  |  | 3,301 |
Less: Income tax expense (benefit) related to other comprehensive income (loss) | (2,314) |  |  | 3,465 |  |  | 1,151 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes | (9,429) |  |  | 11,579 |  |  | 2,150 |
Comprehensive income (loss) | (1,635) |  |  | 12,723 |  |  | 11,088 |
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc. | $ | (1,690) |  |  | $ | 12,723 |  |  | $ | 11,033 |
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
| Year Ended December 31, 2022
IMPACTED LINES ONLY | As Previously Reported |  | Effect of Change |  | As Currently Reported
| (in millions)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | (1,462) |  |  | $ | (213) |  |  | $ | (1,675) |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
Realized investment (gains) losses, net | 3,369 |  |  | 1,138 |  |  | 4,507 |
Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging (gain) loss | 0 |  |  | 409 |  |  | 409 |
Policy charges and fee income | (2,532) |  |  | 302 |  |  | (2,230) |
Interest credited to policyholders' account balances | 2,316 |  |  | (123) |  |  | 2,193 |
Depreciation and amortization | 124 |  |  | (7) |  |  | 117 |
Change in: |  |  |  |  |
Deferred policy acquisition costs | 232 |  |  | (954) |  |  | (722) |
Future policy benefits and other insurance liabilities | 6,573 |  |  | (441) |  |  | 6,132 |
Income taxes | (1,685) |  |  | 91 |  |  | (1,594) |
Derivatives, net | (2,981) |  |  | 448 |  |  | (2,533) |
Other, net | (827) |  |  | (650) |  |  | (1,477) |
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities | $ | 5,158 |  |  | $ | 0 |  |  | $ | 5,158 |
| Year Ended December 31, 2021
IMPACTED LINES ONLY | As Previously Reported |  | Effect of Change |  | As Currently Reported
| (in millions)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | 7,794 |  |  | $ | 1,144 |  |  | $ | 8,938 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
Realized investment (gains) losses, net | (4,024) |  |  | 1,909 |  |  | (2,115) |
Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging (gain) loss | 0 |  |  | (3,597) |  |  | (3,597) |
Policy charges and fee income | (2,302) |  |  | 168 |  |  | (2,134) |
Interest credited to policyholders' account balances | 3,482 |  |  | (51) |  |  | 3,431 |
Depreciation and amortization | 204 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 206 |
Change in: |  |  |  |  |
Deferred policy acquisition costs | (451) |  |  | (592) |  |  | (1,043) |
Future policy benefits and other insurance liabilities | 7,762 |  |  | 979 |  |  | 8,741 |
Income taxes | (62) |  |  | 321 |  |  | 259 |
Derivatives, net | (2,426) |  |  | 96 |  |  | (2,330) |
Other, net | (1,524) |  |  | (379) |  |  | (1,903) |
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities | $ | 9,812 |  |  | $ | 0 |  |  | $ | 9,812 |
The following tables detail the January 1, 2021 transition adjustments by providing a rollforward of the ending reported balances as of December 31, 2020 to the opening balances as of January 1, 2021 for retained earnings, accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) and the impacted insurance-related balances.
| January 1, 2021
| Retained Earnings
| (in millions)
Balance after-tax, prior to transition | $ | 30,749 |
Reclassification of market risk benefits non-performance risk to AOCI(1) | (1,588) |
Updates to certain universal life contract liabilities(2) | (1,025) |
Change in non-participating traditional and limited-payment contract liabilities(3) | (543) |
Other | (271) |
Total pre-tax adjustments | (3,427) |
Tax impacts | 815 |
Balance after-tax, after transition | $ | 28,137 |
__________ (1)Reflects the cumulative impact of changes in the fair value of market risk benefits (“MRBs”) non-performance risk (“NPR”) from the date of contract issuance to January 1, 2021. These amounts were previously recorded in retained earnings but are now reflected in AOCI under the new guidance. (2)Reflects the impact on additional insurance reserves (“AIR”) and other related balances primarily related to the no-lapse guarantee features on certain universal life contracts in the Individual Life segment. For additional information, see Note 2. (3)Reflects the impact on in-force contract liabilities where expected benefits exceed expected gross premiums and/or exhausts any deferred profit liabilities at any issue-year cohort level as a result of updating to current best estimate cash flow assumptions as of transition date, as well as the impact of flooring the liability for future policy benefits at zero at the issue-year cohort level as of transition date. At transition, there was a pre-tax charge to retained earnings of $402 million for certain issue-year cohorts related to non-participating traditional and limited-payment products where the expected benefits exceeded the expected gross premiums and/or exhausted any deferred profit liabilities. The charge is primarily driven by the loss of the aggregation benefit as sufficiencies in issue-year cohorts cannot offset issue-year cohorts with deficiencies. For additional information regarding the liability for future policy benefits, see Note 2.
| January 1, 2021
| Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
| (in millions)
Balance after-tax, prior to transition | $ | 30,738 |
Unwinding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses(1) | 5,534 |
Reclassification of MRB NPR to AOCI(2) | 1,588 |
Interest rate remeasurement of future policy benefits(3) | (62,711) |
Change in operating joint ventures | (12) |
Total pre-tax adjustments | (55,601) |
Tax impacts | 13,205 |
Balance after-tax, after transition | $ | (11,658) |
__________ (1)Primarily reflects i) the removal of amounts related to the impact of unrealized investment gains and losses on premium deficiency reserves for non-participating traditional and limited-payment contracts and ii) amounts related to DAC and other balances as unrealized investment gains or losses no longer impact the amortization pattern of such balances under the new guidance. Also includes the impacts from updates to reserves and other related balances for certain universal life contracts. For additional information, see Note 2. (2)Reflects the cumulative impact of changes in NPR on the fair value of market risk benefits from the date of contract issuance to January 1, 2021. These amounts were previously recorded in retained earnings but are now reflected in AOCI under the new guidance. (3)Reflects the impact of remeasuring in-force non-participating traditional and limited-payment contract liabilities using current upper-medium grade fixed- income instrument yields. This adjustment largely reflects the difference between discount rates locked-in at contract inception versus current discount rates as of January 1, 2021.
| January 1, 2021
| Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs
| Retirement Strategies |  | Individual Life |  | International Businesses |  | Other Businesses |  | Total
| Individual Variable |  | Term Life |  | Variable/ Universal Life |  | Life Planner |  | Gibraltar Life and Other |  |
| (in millions)
Balance prior to transition | $ | 4,643 |  |  | $ | 2,417 |  |  | $ | 3,779 |  |  | $ | 4,278 |  |  | $ | 3,390 |  |  | $ | 520 |  |  | $ | 19,027 |
Unwinding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses and other activity | 273 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 450 |  |  | 337 |  |  | 570 |  |  | 106 |  |  | 1,736 |
Balance after transition | $ | 4,916 |  |  | $ | 2,417 |  |  | $ | 4,229 |  |  | $ | 4,615 |  |  | $ | 3,960 |  |  | $ | 626 |  |  | $ | 20,763 |
| January 1, 2021
| Deferred Sales Inducements(1)
| Retirement Strategies |  | Other Businesses |  | Total
| Individual Variable |  |
| (in millions)
Balance prior to transition | $ | 781 |  |  | $ | 39 |  |  | $ | 820 |
Unwinding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses | 85 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 87 |
Balance after transition | $ | 866 |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | 907 |
__________ (1)Deferred sales inducements (“DSI”) are included in “Other assets.”
| January 1, 2021
| Value of Business Acquired
| International Businesses |  | Other Businesses(1) |  | Total
| Gibraltar Life and Other |  |
| (in millions)
Balance prior to transition | $ | 852 |  |  | $ | 251 |  |  | $ | 1,103 |
Unwinding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses and other activity | 59 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 60 |
Balance after transition | $ | 911 |  |  | $ | 252 |  |  | $ | 1,163 |
__________ (1)Primarily represents value of business acquired (“VOBA”) for the Full Service Retirement business.
| January 1, 2021
| Benefit Reserves(1)
| Retirement Strategies |  | Individual Life |  | International Businesses |  | Corporate and Other |  | Other Businesses(2) |  | Total
| Institutional |  | Term Life |  | Life Planner |  | Gibraltar Life and Other |  | Long- Term Care |  |
| (in millions)
Balance prior to transition | $ | 65,383 |  |  | $ | 7,887 |  |  | $ | 51,607 |  |  | $ | 69,542 |  |  | $ | 7,975 |  |  | $ | 6,624 |  |  | $ | 209,018 |
Changes in cash flow assumptions and other activity | (3,805) |  |  | 0 |  |  | 10 |  |  | (523) |  |  | (18) |  |  | 1 |  |  | (4,335) |
Balance after transition, at original discount rate | 61,578 |  |  | 7,887 |  |  | 51,617 |  |  | 69,019 |  |  | 7,957 |  |  | 6,625 |  |  | 204,683 |
Cumulative changes in discount rate assumptions and other activity | 13,548 |  |  | 2,662 |  |  | 22,590 |  |  | 13,784 |  |  | 4,905 |  |  | 5,381 |  |  | 62,870 |
Balance after transition, at current discount rate | 75,126 |  |  | 10,549 |  |  | 74,207 |  |  | 82,803 |  |  | 12,862 |  |  | 12,006 |  |  | 267,553 |
Less: Reinsurance recoverable | 0 |  |  | 799 |  |  | 160 |  |  | 307 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 1,279 |
Balance after transition, net of reinsurance recoverable | $ | 75,126 |  |  | $ | 9,750 |  |  | $ | 74,047 |  |  | $ | 82,496 |  |  | $ | 12,862 |  |  | $ | 11,993 |  |  | $ | 266,274 |
__________ (1)Benefit reserves, excluding amounts for reinsurance recoverable, are included in “Future policy benefits.” For additional information regarding the liability for future policy benefits, see Note 12. (2)Primarily represents benefit reserves related to the Prudential of Taiwan business that was sold in the second quarter of 2021. The Company did not choose to apply ASU 2022-05 to this disposal transaction. See Note 2 for additional information.
| January 1, 2021
| Deferred Profit Liability(1)
| Retirement Strategies |  | International Businesses |  | Other Businesses |  | Total
| Institutional |  | Life Planner |  | Gibraltar Life and Other |  |
| (in millions)
Balance prior to transition | $ | 1,315 |  |  | $ | 1,964 |  |  | $ | 3,746 |  |  | $ | 349 |  |  | $ | 7,374 |
Changes in benefit reserves | 3,801 |  |  | 110 |  |  | 730 |  |  | 148 |  |  | 4,789 |
Balance after transition | 5,116 |  |  | 2,074 |  |  | 4,476 |  |  | 497 |  |  | 12,163 |
Less: Reinsurance recoverable | 0 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 22 |
Balance after transition, net of reinsurance recoverable | $ | 5,116 |  |  | $ | 2,067 |  |  | $ | 4,461 |  |  | $ | 497 |  |  | $ | 12,141 |
__________ (1)Deferred profit liability (“DPL”), excluding amounts for reinsurance recoverable, is included in “Future policy benefits.” For additional information regarding the liability for future policy benefits, see Note 12.
| January 1, 2021
| Additional Insurance Reserves(1)
| Retirement Strategies |  | Individual Life |  | Other Businesses |  | Total
| Individual Variable |  | Variable/ Universal Life |  |
| (in millions)
Balance prior to transition | $ | 889 |  |  | $ | 9,415 |  |  | $ | 483 |  |  | $ | 10,787 |
Unwinding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses | (65) |  |  | (1,444) |  |  | (106) |  |  | (1,615) |
Balance prior to transition, excluding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses | 824 |  |  | 7,971 |  |  | 377 |  |  | 9,172 |
Reclassification of future policy benefits AIR to MRBs | (824) |  |  | 0 |  |  | (92) |  |  | (916) |
Reclassification of policyholders’ account balances AIR to MRBs | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  | (48) |  |  | (48) |
Updates to certain universal life contract liabilities(2) | 0 |  |  | 1,772 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 1,779 |
Change in discount rate for annuitization benefits | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 116 |  |  | 116 |
Balance after transition, excluding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses | 0 |  |  | 9,743 |  |  | 360 |  |  | 10,103 |
Amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses after transition | 0 |  |  | 1,186 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 1,186 |
Balance after transition | 0 |  |  | 10,929 |  |  | 360 |  |  | 11,289 |
Less: Reinsurance recoverable | 0 |  |  | 4,387 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 4,387 |
Balance after transition, net of reinsurance recoverable | $ | 0 |  |  | $ | 6,542 |  |  | $ | 360 |  |  | $ | 6,902 |
__________ (1)Additional insurance reserves (“AIR”), excluding amounts for reinsurance recoverable, are included in “Future policy benefits.” For additional information regarding the liability for future policy benefits, see Note 12. (2)For additional information regarding updates to reserves and other related balances for certain universal life contracts, see Note 2.
| January 1, 2021
| Universal Life Loss Recognition Reserves/Profit Followed by Losses Liability(1)
| Individual Life |  | Other Businesses |  |
|  |  | Total
| (in millions)
Balance prior to transition | $ | 1,823 |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 1,829 |
Unwinding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses | (1,149) |  |  | 0 |  |  | (1,149) |
Balance prior to transition, excluding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses | 674 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 680 |
Derecognizing LRR & PFL | (674) |  |  | 0 |  |  | (674) |
Balance after transition, excluding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses | 0 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 6 |
Amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses after transition | 1,018 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 1,018 |
Balance after transition | $ | 1,018 |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 1,024 |
__________ (1)Universal life loss recognition reserves (“LRR”) / profit followed by losses (“PFL”) liability are included in “Future policy benefits.” For additional information regarding the liability for future policy benefits, see Note 12.
| January 1, 2021
| Non-Participating Traditional and Limited-Payment Loss Recognition Reserves/Profit Followed by Losses Liability(1)
| Retirement Strategies |  | International Businesses |  | Corporate and Other |  | Other Businesses |  | Total
| Institutional |  | Life Planner |  | Gibraltar Life and Other |  | Long- Term Care |  |
| (in millions)
Balance prior to transition | $ | 1,985 |  |  | $ | 181 |  |  | $ | 670 |  |  | $ | 734 |  |  | $ | 145 |  |  | $ | 3,715 |
Unwinding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses | (1,985) |  |  | (169) |  |  | (670) |  |  | (734) |  |  | (105) |  |  | (3,663) |
Balance prior to transition, excluding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses | 0 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 52 |
Derecognizing LRR & PFL | 0 |  |  | (12) |  |  | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  | (40) |  |  | (52) |
Balance after transition | $ | 0 |  |  | $ | 0 |  |  | $ | 0 |  |  | $ | 0 |  |  | $ | 0 |  |  | $ | 0 |
__________ (1)Prior to the adoption of ASU 2018-12, non-participating traditional and limited-payment loss recognition reserves / profit followed by losses liabilities were included in “Future policy benefits.”
| January 1, 2021
| Terminal Dividend Liability(1)
| Individual Life |  | Closed Block Division |  | Total
| Variable/ Universal Life |  | Term Life |  |
| (in millions)
Balance prior to transition | $ | 212 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 375 |  |  | $ | 591 |
Unwinding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses and other activity | (11) |  |  | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  | (11) |
Balance after transition | 201 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 375 |  |  | 580 |
Less: Reinsurance recoverable | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 0 |
Balance after transition, net of reinsurance recoverable | $ | 201 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 375 |  |  | $ | 580 |
__________ (1)Terminal dividend liability is included in “Future policy benefits.”
| January 1, 2021
| Unearned Revenue Reserves(1)
|  | Individual Life |  | International Businesses |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Variable/Universal Life |  | Life Planner |  | Gibraltar Life and Other |  | Corporate and Other |  | Other Businesses |  | Total
| (in millions)
Balance prior to transition |  | $ | 2,204 |  |  | $ | 161 |  |  | $ | 45 |  |  | $ | 152 |  |  | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | 2,592 |
Unwinding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses and other activity |  | 539 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 38 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 584 |
Balance after transition |  | 2,743 |  |  | 163 |  |  | 50 |  |  | 190 |  |  | 30 |  |  | 3,176 |
Less: Reinsurance recoverable |  | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 0 |
Balance after transition, net of reinsurance recoverable |  | $ | 2,743 |  |  | $ | 163 |  |  | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | 190 |  |  | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | 3,176 |
__________ (1)Unearned revenue reserves (“URR”) are included in “Policyholders' account balances.”
| January 1, 2021
| Market Risk Benefits(1)
| Retirement Strategies |  | Other Businesses |  | Total
| Individual Variable |  |
| (in millions)
Liability for guaranteed benefits recorded at fair value, prior to transition | $ | 18,731 |  |  | $ | 148 |  |  | $ | 18,879 |
AIR to be reclassified to MRBs, prior to transition, excluding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses | 824 |  |  | 140 |  |  | 964 |
Total liability prior to transition | 19,555 |  |  | 288 |  |  | 19,843 |
Change in reserve basis to MRB framework | 122 |  |  | 98 |  |  | 220 |
MRBs after transition, at current NPR value | 19,677 |  |  | 386 |  |  | 20,063 |
Less: Reinsured MRBs | 204 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 211 |
MRBs after transition, net of reinsurance | 19,473 |  |  | 379 |  |  | 19,852 |
MRBs after transition, at contract inception NPR value | 21,259 |  |  | 392 |  |  | 21,651 |
Cumulative change in NPR | 1,582 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 1,588 |
MRBs after transition, at current NPR value | $ | 19,677 |  |  | $ | 386 |  |  | $ | 20,063 |
__________ (1)For additional information regarding market risk benefits, see Note 14.
| January 1, 2021
| Cost of Reinsurance(1)
| Individual Life
| Variable/Universal Life
| (in millions)
Balance prior to transition | $ | 3,058 |
Unwinding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses | (659) |
Balance prior to transition, excluding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses | 2,399 |
Impact from updates to certain universal life contract liabilities(2) | 860 |
Balance after transition, excluding amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses | 3,259 |
Amounts related to unrealized investment gains and losses after transition | 580 |
Balance after transition | $ | 3,839 |
_________ (1)Cost of reinsurance is included in “Reinsurance and funds withheld payables.” (2)For additional information regarding updates to reserves and other related balances for certain universal life contracts, see Note 2. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The most significant estimates include those used in determining future policy benefits; policyholders’ account balances related to the fair value of embedded derivative instruments associated with the index-linked features of certain universal life and annuity products; market risk benefits; the measurement of goodwill and any related impairment; the valuation of investments including derivatives, the measurement of allowance for credit losses, and the recognition of other-than-temporary impairments (“OTTI”); pension and other postretirement benefits; any provision for income taxes and valuation of deferred tax assets; and accruals for contingent liabilities, including estimates for losses in connection with unresolved legal and regulatory matters. Reclassifications and other Adjustments Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified for reasons unrelated to the adoption of ASU 2018-12 to conform to the current period presentation, including an adjustment related to the prior period presentation for certain redeemable noncontrolling interests. These balances were previously reported within “Other liabilities” based on materiality considerations but are now presented as “Mezzanine equity.” The Company’s mezzanine equity balances were $524 million and $371 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and were related to consolidated PGIM entities with noncontrolling interests that are redeemable at the option of the holder. See Note 2 for additional information. The increase in the mezzanine equity balance in 2023 was primarily driven by the consolidation of a new entity. Changes in the balance during 2022 and 2021 were not material. Business Dispositions Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation, Representing a Portion of Individual Annuities’ Traditional Variable Annuity Block of Business On April 1, 2022, the Company completed the sale of Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation (“PALAC”), a wholly owned subsidiary, representing a portion of its in-force traditional variable annuity block of business, to Fortitude Group Holdings, LLC (“Fortitude”). The PALAC block primarily consisted of non-New York traditional variable annuities with guaranteed living benefits that were issued prior to 2011, which constituted approximately $30 billion of Prudential’s total in-force individual annuity account values at the closing of the transaction. The Company, through coinsurance and modified coinsurance agreements, has retained the economics of certain variable annuities, indexed annuities, and fixed annuities with a guaranteed lifetime withdrawal income feature issued by PALAC. The Company recognized a pre-tax gain on sale of $1,448 million in 2022 within “Other income,” which is included in adjusted operating income within the Retirement Strategies segment. Full Service Retirement Business On April 1, 2022, the Company completed the sale of its Full Service Retirement business to Great-West Life & Annuity Insurance Company (“Great-West”), primarily through a combination of (i) the sale of all of the outstanding equity interests of certain legal entities, including Prudential Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company (“PRIAC”); (ii) the ceding of certain insurance policies through reinsurance; and (iii) the sale, transfer and/or novation of certain in-scope contracts and brokerage accounts. The Company recognized a net pre-tax gain on sale of $650 million in 2022, composed of (i) an $850 million gain recorded in “Other income”; (ii) $150 million of realized losses recorded in “Realized investment gains (losses), net,” related to assets transferred as part of the reinsurance of certain retained policies to Great-West; and (iii) $50 million of indirect expenses and charges recorded in “General and administrative expenses” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. These amounts reflect certain post-closing adjustments in accordance with the terms of the transaction agreement. The net gain is excluded from adjusted operating income and reported within Divested Businesses as part of Corporate and Other operations. In addition, the Company recognized a deferred gain of approximately $400 million in 2022, including a post-closing true-up, for the ceding of certain insurance policies through reinsurance to Great-West. This deferred reinsurance gain will be recognized in income over the term of the ceded policies. Excluding the gain on sale recognized in 2022, the Full Service Retirement business generated pre-tax income/(loss) of approximately $(220) million and $180 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. These amounts exclude the impact of overhead costs retained in the Company’s Corporate and Other operations and not transferred to Great-West. The Prudential Life Insurance Company of Taiwan Inc. In June 2021, Prudential International Insurance Holdings, Ltd. (“PIIH”), a subsidiary of Prudential Financial, completed the sale of The Prudential Life Insurance Company of Taiwan Inc. (“POT”) to Taishin Financial Holding Co, Ltd. (the “Buyer”) for cash consideration of approximately NT$5.5 billion, equal to approximately $200 million at then current exchange rates. The terms of the transaction included additional contingent consideration that was tied to the level of yields for the 10-year Taiwanese Government bond for two years after the signing of the transaction and was measured at fair value each period, resulting in the receipt of the maximum contractual amount of $100 million in 2022. Also in connection with the transaction, the Company recognized a liability with a fair value of approximately $32 million as of December 31, 2023, representing its financial guarantee of certain insurance obligations of POT. The after-tax loss on the sale of POT was approximately $400 million, of which approximately $350 million was recorded during 2020. Pramerica SGR (PGIM Italy Joint Venture) In March 2021, the Company sold its 35% ownership stake in Pramerica SGR, PGIM’s asset management joint venture in Italy, to its partner UBI Banca, which was acquired in 2020 by Intesa Sanpaolo Group. The after-tax gain on the sale of Pramerica SGR was approximately $330 million, which was recognized in adjusted operating income in the first quarter of 2021.

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