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Equity
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]  
Equity EQUITY
 
Preferred Stock
 
As of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company had 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock authorized but none issued or outstanding.

Common Stock

On the date of demutualization in December 2001, Prudential Financial completed an initial public offering of its Common Stock. The shares of Common Stock issued were in addition to shares of Common Stock the Company distributed to policyholders as part of the demutualization. The Common Stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “PRU.” In the event of a liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company, holders of Common Stock would be entitled to receive a proportionate share of the net assets of the Company that remain after paying all liabilities and the liquidation preferences of any preferred stock.
 
The changes in the number of shares of Common Stock issued, held in treasury and outstanding, are as follows for the periods indicated:

 Common Stock
 IssuedHeld In
Treasury		Outstanding
 
 (in millions)
Balance, December 31, 2020666.3 269.9 396.4 
Common Stock issued0.0 0.0 0.0 
Common Stock acquired0.0 24.5 (24.5)
Stock-based compensation programs(1)0.0 (4.4)4.4 
Balance, December 31, 2021666.3 290.0 376.3 
Common Stock issued0.0 0.0 0.0 
Common Stock acquired0.0 14.5 (14.5)
Stock-based compensation programs(1)0.0 (4.2)4.2 
Balance, December 31, 2022666.3 300.3 366.0 
Common Stock issued0.0 0.0 0.0 
Common Stock acquired0.0 10.9 (10.9)
Stock-based compensation programs(1)0.0 (4.1)4.1 
Balance, December 31, 2023666.3 307.1 359.2 
__________
(1)Represents net shares issued from treasury pursuant to the Company’s stock-based compensation programs.
Additional paid-in capital

“Additional paid-in capital” is primarily comprised of the cumulative excess between: (a) the total cash received by the Company in conjunction with past issuances of Common Stock shares or Common Stock shares reissued from treasury in conjunction with the Company’s stock-based compensation program and (b) the total par value associated with those shares ($.01 per share).

Common stock held in treasury
 
Common Stock held in treasury represents the Company’s previously issued shares of stock which have been repurchased by the Company but not retired. These shares are accounted for at the cost at which they were acquired. Common Stock held in treasury is typically impacted by repurchases of shares under the Board of Directors approved share repurchase program and by reissuances of shares associated with the Company’s stock-based compensation programs, or for other purposes, which are accounted for at average cost upon reissuance. Gains resulting from the reissuance of Common Stock held in treasury are credited to “Additional paid-in capital.” Losses resulting from the reissuance of Common Stock held in treasury are charged first to “Additional paid-in capital” to the extent the Company has previously recorded gains on treasury share transactions, then to “Retained earnings.”

The Board of Directors may from time to time, at its discretion, authorize management to repurchase shares of Common Stock of the Company. The timing and amount of share repurchases are determined by management based upon market conditions and other considerations, and repurchases may be executed in the open market, through derivative, accelerated repurchase and other negotiated transactions and through prearranged trading plans complying with Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). Numerous factors could affect the timing and amount of any future repurchases under the share repurchase authorization, including increased capital needs of the Company due to changes in regulatory capital requirements, opportunities for growth and acquisitions, and the effect of adverse market conditions on the segments.

The following table summarizes share repurchases for each of the past three years as well as the share repurchase authorization for 2024, which was approved by the Board of Directors in December 2023:

January 1, 2024 -
December 31, 2024		January 1, 2023 -
December 31, 2023		January 1, 2022 -
December 31, 2022		January 1, 2021 -
December 31, 2021
Total Board authorized share repurchase amount ($ in billions)$1.0 $1.0 $1.5 $2.5 
Total number of shares repurchased under this authorization as of the period end (in millions)N/A*10.9 14.5 24.5 
__________
* Share repurchase authorization for a future period.

Dividends declared per share of Common Stock are as follows for the years indicated:

 202320222021
Dividends declared per share of Common Stock$5.00 $4.80 $4.60 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
AOCI represents the cumulative OCI items that are reported separate from net income and detailed on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Each of the components that comprise OCI are described in further detail in Note 2 (Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment and Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)), Note 12 (Interest rate remeasurement of Liability for Future Policy Benefits), Note 14 (Gains (losses) from Changes in Nonperformance Risk on Market Risk Benefits) and Note 19 (Pension and Postretirement Unrecognized Net Periodic Benefit (Cost)). The balance of and changes in each component of AOCI as of and for the years ended December 31, are as follows:
 
 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.
 Foreign 
Currency
Translation
Adjustment		Net Unrealized
Investment
Gains
(Losses)(1)		Interest rate remeasurement of Liability for Future Policy Benefits
Gains (Losses) from Changes in Nonperformance Risk on Market Risk Benefits
Pension and
Postretirement
Unrecognized Net
Periodic Benefit (Cost)		Total 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 (in millions)
Balance, December 31, 2020$52 $34,065 $0 $0 $(3,379)$30,738 
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2018-120 4,168 (47,818)1,254 0 (42,396)
Change in OCI before reclassifications(1,021)(12,467)18,941 (693)843 5,603 
Amounts reclassified from AOCI(65)(2,486)0 0 264 (2,287)
Income tax benefit (expense)(73)3,360 (4,343)146 (241)(1,151)
Balance, December 31, 2021$(1,107)$26,640 $(33,220)$707 $(2,513)$(9,493)
Change in OCI before reclassifications(1,145)(56,430)63,643 938 478 7,484 
Amounts reclassified from AOCI15 586 0 0 157 758 
Income tax benefit (expense)(37)13,010 (15,181)(197)(150)(2,555)
Balance, December 31, 2022$(2,274)$(16,194)$15,242 $1,448 $(2,028)$(3,806)
Change in OCI before reclassifications(246)5,076 (8,770)(693)(98)(4,731)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI(18)1,143 0 0 71 1,196 
Income tax benefit (expense)(148)(1,238)2,075 145 3 837 
Balance, December 31, 2023$(2,686)$(11,213)$8,547 $900 $(2,052)$(6,504)
__________
(1)Includes cash flow hedges of $869 million, $2,616 million and $1,019 million as of December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, and fair value hedges of $(60) million, $(54) million, and $(35) million as of December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.
Reclassifications out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
 Years Ended December 31,Affected line item in Consolidated
Statements of Operations
 202320222021
 (in millions) 
Amounts reclassified from AOCI(1)(2):
Foreign currency translation adjustment:
Foreign currency translation adjustment$18 $(15)$2 Realized investment gains (losses), net
Foreign currency translation adjustment0 0 63 Other income (loss)
Total foreign currency translation adjustment18 (15)65 
Net unrealized investment gains (losses):
Cash flow hedges—Interest Rate(38)(7)0 (3)
Cash flow hedges—Currency14 15 (4)(3)
Cash flow hedges—Currency/Interest rate200 897 557 (3)
Fair value hedges—Currency(8)(4)(6)(3)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities(1,311)(1,487)1,939 Realized investment gains (losses), net
Total net unrealized investment gains (losses)(1,143)(586)2,486 (4)
Amortization of defined benefit items:
Prior service cost8 9 (3)(5)
Actuarial gain (loss)(79)(166)(261)(5)
Total amortization of defined benefit items(71)(157)(264)
Total reclassifications for the period$(1,196)$(758)$2,287 
__________
(1)All amounts are shown before tax.
(2)Positive amounts indicate gains/benefits reclassified out of AOCI. Negative amounts indicate losses/costs reclassified out of AOCI.
(3)See Note 5 for additional information regarding cash flow and fair value hedges.
(4)See table below for additional information regarding unrealized investment gains (losses), including the impact on future policy benefits and policyholders’ dividends.
(5)See Note 19 for information regarding employee benefit plans.

Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)
 
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities and certain other invested assets and other assets are included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as a component of AOCI. Changes in these amounts include reclassification adjustments to exclude from “Other comprehensive income (loss)” those items that are included as part of “Net income (loss)” for a period that had been part of “Other comprehensive income (loss)” in earlier periods. The amounts for the periods indicated below, split between amounts related to available-for-sale fixed maturity securities on which an allowance for credit losses has been recorded, and all other net unrealized investment gains (losses), are as follows:
 
Net Unrealized
Investment Gains (Losses)
on Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturity Securities on Which an Allowance for Credit Losses has been Recognized 		Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on All Other Investments(1)Reinsurance RecoverablesFuture Policy
Benefits,
Policyholders’
Account
Balances and
Reinsurance Payables		Policyholders' DividendsIncome Tax Benefit (Expense)Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Related to Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)
 (in millions)
Balance, December 31, 2020$(25)$58,442 $(1,229)$(6,588)$(5,892)$(10,643)$34,065 
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2018-12(12)1,809 3,725 (1,354)4,168 
Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during the period41 (15,522)3,441 (12,040)
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income10 (2,496)553 (1,933)
Reclassification due to allowance for credit losses recorded during the period(3)3 00
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses(163)942 2,235 (634)2,380 
Balance, December 31, 2021$23 $40,415 $417 $(1,921)$(3,657)$(8,637)$26,640 
Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during the period(90)(65,938)15,164(50,864)
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income23 563 (135)451 
Reclassification due to allowance for credit losses recorded during the period(1)1 0 0 
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses(1,120)3,867 6,851 (2,019)7,579 
Balance, December 31, 2022$(45)$(24,959)$(703)$1,946 $3,194 $4,373 $(16,194)
Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during the period15 6,595 (1,327)5,283 
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income(3)1,146 (229)914 
Reclassification due to allowance for credit losses recorded during the period
(39)39 0 0 
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses219 (640)(1,113)318 (1,216)
Balance, December 31, 2023$(72)$(17,179)$(484)$1,306 $2,081 $3,135 $(11,213)
__________
(1)Includes cash flow and fair value hedges. See Note 5 for additional information.
Retained earnings

Retained earnings primarily represents the cumulative net income earned by the Company that has been retained by the Company as of the reporting date. Other unique items, included but not limited to the adoption of new accounting standards updates, may also impact retained earnings. In any given period, retained earnings may increase due to net income and may decrease due to net losses or the declaration of dividends. The declaration and payment of dividends on the Common Stock is limited by New Jersey corporate law, pursuant to which Prudential Financial is prohibited from paying a Common Stock dividend if, after giving effect to that dividend, either (a) the Company would be unable to pay its debts as they become due in the usual course of its business or (b) the Company’s total assets would be less than its liabilities. In addition, the terms of the Company’s outstanding junior subordinated debt include a “dividend stopper” provision that restricts the payment of dividends on the Common Stock if interest payments are not made on the junior subordinated debt.
 
Other than the above limitations, the Company’s Retained earnings balance is free of restrictions for the payment of Common Stock dividends; however, Common Stock dividends will be dependent upon financial conditions, results of operations, cash needs, future prospects and other factors, including cash available to Prudential Financial, the parent holding company. The principal sources of funds available to Prudential Financial are dividends and returns of capital from its subsidiaries, loans from its subsidiaries, repayments of operating loans from its subsidiaries, and cash and other highly liquid assets. The primary uses of funds at Prudential Financial include servicing its debt, operating expenses, capital contributions and loans to subsidiaries, the payment of declared shareholder dividends and repurchases of outstanding shares of Common Stock if executed under Board authority. As of December 31, 2023, Prudential Financial had highly liquid assets (excluding amounts held in an intercompany liquidity account) of $4,095 million predominantly including cash, short-term investments, U.S. Treasury securities, obligations of other U.S. government authorities and agencies, and/or foreign government bonds.
 
Future cash available at Prudential Financial to support the payment of future Common Stock dividends is dependent on the receipt of dividends or other funds from its subsidiaries, the majority of which are subject to comprehensive regulation, including limitations on their payment of dividends and other transfers of funds, which are discussed in this Note further below.
 
Noncontrolling interests

For certain subsidiaries, the Company owns a controlling interest that is less than 100% ownership of the subsidiary but must consolidate 100% of the subsidiary’s financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Noncontrolling interests represent the portion of equity ownership in a consolidated subsidiary that is not attributable to the Company.
Insurance Subsidiaries - Statutory Financial Information and Restrictions on Payments of Dividends

U.S. Insurance Subsidiaries—Statutory Financial Information

The Company’s domestic insurance subsidiaries are required to prepare statutory financial statements in accordance with statutory accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the insurance department of the state of domicile. Statutory accounting practices primarily differ from U.S. GAAP by charging policy acquisition costs to expense as incurred, establishing future policy benefit liabilities using different actuarial assumptions as well as valuing investments and certain assets and accounting for deferred taxes on a different basis.
 
The risk-based capital (“RBC”) ratio is a primary measure by which the Company and its insurance regulators evaluate the capital adequacy of PICA and the Company’s other domestic insurance subsidiaries. RBC is determined by NAIC-prescribed formulas that consider, among other things, risks related to the type and quality of the invested assets, insurance-related risks associated with an insurer’s products and liabilities, interest rate risks and general business risks. The RBC ratio is equal to an insurer’s total adjusted capital divided by the minimum amount of statutory capital and surplus needed by the insurer to support its operations, which is referred to as its “company action level RBC.” Insurers that have less statutory capital than required by their company action level RBC are considered to have inadequate capital and are subject to varying degrees of regulatory action depending upon the level of capital inadequacy. The Company expects to report RBC ratios for PICA and its other domestic insurance subsidiaries as of December 31, 2023 above the 100% regulatory required minimum that would require corrective action and above PICA’s target level that would support a “AA” financial strength rating.

The following table summarizes certain statutory financial information for the Company’s U.S. insurance subsidiary as of and for the years ended:
PICA
December 31, 2023December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(in millions)
Statutory net income (loss)
$1,732 $1,116 $966 
Statutory capital and surplus
$16,085 $14,049 $19,123 

U.S. Insurance Subsidiaries—Restrictions on Payment of Dividends to Prudential Financial, the Parent Holding Company

With respect to PICA, a New Jersey domiciled insurance subsidiary which is also the Company’s primary domestic insurance subsidiary, New Jersey insurance law provides that, except in the case of extraordinary dividends (as described
below), all dividends or other distributions paid by PICA may be paid only from unassigned surplus, as determined pursuant to statutory accounting principles, less cumulative unrealized investment gains and losses and revaluation of assets as of the prior calendar year-end. As of December 31, 2023, PICA’s unassigned surplus less applicable adjustments for cumulative unrealized investment gains was $4,931 million. PICA must give prior notification to the NJDOBI of its intent to pay any such dividend or distribution. Also, if any dividend, together with other dividends or distributions made within the preceding twelve months, exceeds the greater of (i) 10% of statutory capital and surplus as of the preceding December 31 or (ii) its statutory net gain from operations excluding realized investment gains and losses for the twelve-month period ending on the preceding December 31, the dividend is considered to be an “extraordinary dividend” and requires the prior approval of the NJDOBI. Under New Jersey insurance law, PICA is permitted to pay an ordinary dividend of up to $2,078 million in 2024, without prior approval of the NJDOBI. Of the $2,078 million, $728 million is permitted to be paid after September 26, 2024 and the remaining $1,350 million is permitted to be paid after December 28, 2024, without prior approval of the NJDOBI.
 
International Insurance Subsidiaries—Statutory Financial Information

The Company’s international insurance subsidiaries prepare financial statements in accordance with local regulatory requirements. These statutory accounting practices differ from U.S. GAAP primarily by charging policy acquisition costs to expense as incurred and establishing future policy benefit liabilities using different actuarial assumptions, as well as valuing investments and certain assets and accounting for deferred taxes on a different basis.
 
The Japan Financial Services Agency (“FSA”) utilizes a solvency margin ratio to evaluate the capital adequacy of Japanese insurance companies. The solvency margin ratio considers the level of solvency margin capital to a solvency margin risk amount, which is calculated in a similar manner to RBC. As of December 31, 2023, the Company expects The Prudential Life Insurance Company Ltd. (“Prudential of Japan”) and Gibraltar Life both had solvency margin capital in excess of 3.5 times the regulatory required minimums that would require corrective action.
 
All of the Company’s domestic and international insurance subsidiaries have capital and surplus levels that exceed their respective regulatory minimum requirements, and none utilized prescribed or permitted practices that vary materially from the practices prescribed by the NAIC or equivalent regulatory bodies for results reported as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, or for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

International Insurance Subsidiaries—Restrictions on Payment of Dividends to Prudential Financial, the Parent Holding Company

The Company’s international insurance operations are subject to dividend restrictions from the regulatory authorities in the jurisdictions in which they operate. With respect to Prudential of Japan and Gibraltar Life, the Company’s most significant international insurance subsidiaries, both of which are domiciled in Japan, Japan insurance law provides that common stock dividends may be paid in an amount of up to 83% of prior fiscal year statutory after-tax earnings, after certain reserving thresholds are met, including providing for policyholder dividends. If statutory retained earnings exceed 100% of statutory paid-in capital, 100% of prior year statutory after-tax earnings may be paid, after reserving thresholds are met. Dividends in excess of these amounts and other forms of capital distribution may require the prior approval of the FSA. Additionally, Prudential of Japan and Gibraltar Life must give prior notification to the FSA of their intent to pay any dividend or distribution.

For the year ended December 31, 2023, Prudential Financial received $548 million from its international insurance subsidiaries, which includes $332 million of in-kind dividends in the form of extinguishment of debt held by international insurance subsidiaries. In addition to paying Common Stock dividends, the Company’s international insurance operations may return capital to Prudential Financial through, or facilitated by, other means, such as the repayment of Preferred Stock obligations held by Prudential Financial or other affiliates, affiliated lending, affiliated derivatives and reinsurance with U.S.- and Bermuda-based affiliates. The Company’s Japan insurance operations have entered into reinsurance agreements with Gibraltar Re, the Company’s Bermuda-based reinsurance affiliate, to reinsure the mortality and morbidity risk associated with a portion of the in-force contracts as well as newly-issued contracts for certain products. The Company expects these transactions will allow it to more efficiently manage its capital and risk profile. The current regulatory fiscal year end for both Prudential of Japan and Gibraltar Life is March 31, 2024, after which time the common stock dividend amount permitted to be paid without prior approval from the FSA can be determined.
 
In addition, although prior regulatory approval may not be required by law for the payment of dividends up to the limitations described above, in practice, the Company would typically discuss any dividend payments with the applicable
regulatory authority prior to payment. Additionally, the payment of dividends by the Company’s subsidiaries is subject to declaration by their Board of Directors and may be affected by market conditions and other factors.