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REVENUE (Notes)
 12 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2022
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue from Contract with Customer REVENUE
The following table presents the company’s total revenue and segment revenue disaggregated by geographical region:

Life Sciences and Applied MarketsAgilent CrossLabDiagnostics and GenomicsTotal
(in millions)
Year Ended October 31, 2022:
Americas$1,331 $567 $784 $2,682 
Europe907 382 410 1,699 
Asia Pacific1,769 503 195 2,467 
Total$4,007 $1,452 $1,389 $6,848 
Year Ended October 31, 2021:
Americas$1,199 $510 $695 $2,404 
Europe893 378 417 1,688 
Asia Pacific1,571 472 184 2,227 
Total$3,663 $1,360 $1,296 $6,319 
Year Ended October 31, 2020:
Americas$1,002 $449 $517 $1,968 
Europe746 326 371 1,443 
Asia Pacific1,367 402 159 1,928 
Total$3,115 $1,177 $1,047 $5,339 

The following table presents the company’s total revenue disaggregated by end markets and by revenue type:
Years Ended October 31,
202220212020
(in millions)
Revenue by End Markets
Pharmaceutical and Biopharmaceutical$2,515 2,224 $1,754 
Chemicals and Advanced Materials1,521 1,328 1,154 
Diagnostics and Clinical963 938 787 
Food617 601 517 
Academia and Government576 576 526 
Environmental and Forensics656 652 601 
Total$6,848 $6,319 $5,339 
Revenue by Type
Instrumentation$2,907 2,657 $2,249 
Non-instrumentation and other3,941 3,662 3,090 
Total$6,848 $6,319 $5,339 

Revenue by region is based on the ship to location of the customer. Revenue by end market is determined by the market indicator of the customer and by customer type. Instrumentation revenue includes sales from instruments, remarketed instruments and third-party products. Non-instrumentation and other revenue include sales from contract and per incident services, our companion diagnostics and our nucleic acid solutions businesses as well as sales from spare parts, consumables, reagents, vacuum pumps, subscriptions, software licenses and associated services.
Contract Balances

Contract Assets

Contract assets (unbilled accounts receivable) primarily relate to the company's right to consideration for work completed but not billed at the reporting date. The unbilled receivables are reclassified to trade receivables when billed to customers. Contract assets are generally classified as current assets and are included in "Accounts receivable, net" in the consolidated balance sheet. The balances of contract assets as of October 31, 2022 and 2021, were $275 million and $197 million, respectively.

Contract Liabilities

The following table provides information about contract liabilities (deferred revenue) and the significant changes in the balances during the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2022:

Contract
Liabilities
(in millions)
Ending balance as of October 31, 2020$446 
Net revenue deferred in the period406 
Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period(359)
Change in deferrals from customer cash advances, net of revenue recognized24 
Currency translation and other adjustments2 
Ending balance as of October 31, 2021$519 
Net revenue deferred in the period437 
Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period(372)
Change in deferrals from customer cash advances, net of revenue recognized11 
Currency translation and other adjustments(38)
Ending balance as of October 31, 2022$557 

Contract liabilities primarily relate to multiple element arrangements for which billing has occurred but transfer of control of all elements to the customer has either partially or not occurred at the balance sheet date. This includes cash received from customers for products and related installation and services in advance of the transfer of control. Contract liabilities are classified as either current in deferred revenue or long-term in other long-term liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet based on the timing of when we expect to complete our performance obligation.

Contract Costs

Incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer are recognized as an asset if we expect the benefit of those costs to be longer than one year. We have determined that certain sales incentive programs meet the requirements to be capitalized. The changes in total capitalized costs to obtain a contract were immaterial during the years ended October 31, 2022 and 2021 and are included in other current and long-term assets on the consolidated balance sheet. We have applied the practical expedient to expense costs as incurred for costs to obtain a contract with a customer when the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs include the company's internal sales force compensation program, as we have determined that annual compensation is commensurate with annual sales activities.

Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations

We have applied the practical expedient in ASC 606-10-50-14 and have not disclosed information about transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations that have original expected durations of one year or less.
The estimated revenue expected to be recognized for remaining performance obligations that have an original term of more than one year, as of October 31, 2022, was $357 million, the majority of which is expected to be recognized over the next 12 months. Remaining performance obligations primarily include extended warranty, customer manufacturing contracts, and software maintenance contracts and revenue associated with lease arrangements.