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REVENUE
 12 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue from Contract with Customer REVENUE
The following table presents the company’s total revenue and segment revenue disaggregated by geographical region:

Life Sciences and Applied MarketsAgilent CrossLabDiagnostics and GenomicsTotal
(in millions)
Year Ended October 31, 2023:
Americas$1,099 $634 $999 $2,732 
Europe851 417 486 1,754 
Asia Pacific1,560 517 270 2,347 
Total$3,510 $1,568 $1,755 $6,833 
Year Ended October 31, 2022:
Americas$1,109 $567 $1,006 $2,682 
Europe844 382 473 1,699 
Asia Pacific1,677 503 287 2,467 
Total$3,630 $1,452 $1,766 $6,848 
Year Ended October 31, 2021:
Americas$953 $510 $941 $2,404 
Europe842 378 468 1,688 
Asia Pacific1,509 472 246 2,227 
Total$3,304 $1,360 $1,655 $6,319 

The following table presents the company’s total revenue disaggregated by end markets and by revenue type:
Years Ended October 31,
202320222021
(in millions)
Revenue by End Markets
Pharmaceutical and Biopharmaceutical$2,433 2,515 $2,224 
Chemicals and Advanced Materials1,543 1,521 1,328 
Diagnostics and Clinical966 963 938 
Food628 617 601 
Academia and Government601 576 576 
Environmental and Forensics662 656 652 
Total$6,833 $6,848 $6,319 
Revenue by Type
Instrumentation$2,742 2,907 $2,657 
Non-instrumentation and other4,091 3,941 3,662 
Total$6,833 $6,848 $6,319 

Revenue by region is based on the ship to location of the customer. Revenue by end market is determined by the market indicator of the customer and by customer type. Instrumentation revenue includes sales from instruments, remarketed instruments and third-party products. Non-instrumentation and other revenue include sales from contract and per incident services, our companion diagnostics and our nucleic acid solutions businesses as well as sales from spare parts, consumables, reagents, vacuum pumps, subscriptions, software licenses and associated services.
Contract Balances

Contract Assets

Contract assets (unbilled accounts receivable) primarily relate to the company's right to consideration for work completed but not billed at the reporting date. The unbilled receivables are reclassified to trade receivables when billed to customers. Contract assets are generally classified as current assets and are included in "Accounts receivable, net" in the consolidated balance sheet. The balances of contract assets as of October 31, 2023 and 2022, were $252 million and $275 million, respectively.

Contract Liabilities

The following table provides information about contract liabilities (deferred revenue) and the significant changes in the balances during the years ended October 31, 2022 and 2023:

Contract
Liabilities
(in millions)
Ending balance as of October 31, 2021$519 
Net revenue deferred in the period437 
Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period(372)
Change in deferrals from customer cash advances, net of revenue recognized11 
Currency translation and other adjustments(38)
Ending balance as of October 31, 2022$557 
Net revenue deferred in the period488 
Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period(409)
Change in deferrals from customer cash advances, net of revenue recognized(28)
Currency translation and other adjustments8 
Ending balance as of October 31, 2023$616 

Contract liabilities primarily relate to multiple element arrangements for which billing has occurred but transfer of control of all elements to the customer has either partially or not occurred at the balance sheet date. This includes cash received from customers for products and related installation and services in advance of the transfer of control. Contract liabilities are classified as either current in deferred revenue or long-term in other long-term liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet based on the timing of when we expect to complete our performance obligation.

Contract Costs

Incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer are recognized as an asset if we expect the benefit of those costs to be longer than one year. We have determined that certain sales incentive programs meet the requirements to be capitalized. The changes in total capitalized costs to obtain a contract were immaterial during the years ended October 31, 2023 and 2022 and are included in other current and long-term assets on the consolidated balance sheet. We have applied the practical expedient to expense costs as incurred for costs to obtain a contract with a customer when the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs include the company's internal sales force compensation program, as we have determined that annual compensation is commensurate with annual sales activities.

Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations

We have applied the practical expedient in ASC 606-10-50-14 and have not disclosed information about transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations that have original expected durations of one year or less.
The estimated revenue expected to be recognized for remaining performance obligations that have an original term of more than one year, as of October 31, 2023, was $331 million, the majority of which is expected to be recognized over the next 12 months. Remaining performance obligations primarily include extended warranty, customer manufacturing contracts, and software maintenance contracts and revenue associated with lease arrangements.