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OVERVIEW, BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)
 6 Months Ended
Apr. 30, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Overview and Basis of Presentation
Overview. Agilent Technologies, Inc. ("we," "Agilent" or the "company"), incorporated in Delaware in May 1999, is a global leader in life sciences, diagnostics and applied markets, providing application focused solutions that include instruments, software, services and consumables for the entire laboratory workflow.

Our fiscal year-end is October 31, and our fiscal quarters end on January 31, April 30 and July 31. Unless otherwise stated, these dates refer to our fiscal year and fiscal quarters.

New Segment Structure. In November 2024, we announced a change in our organizational structure to support our market-focused, customer-centric strategy. Our former Diagnostics and Genomics segment combined with our liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry instrument platforms to form our new Life Sciences and Diagnostics Markets segment. Our chemistries and supplies, laboratory automation, and software and informatics divisions moved from our former Life Sciences and Applied Markets segment to our Agilent CrossLab segment. The remaining divisions in our former Life Sciences and Applied Markets segment which includes our gas chromatography, gas chromatography mass spectrometry, remarketed instruments, spectroscopy and vacuum divisions form our new Applied Markets segment. We began reporting under this new structure with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended January 31, 2025.

Following this re-organization, we have three business segments - Life Sciences and Diagnostics Markets, Agilent CrossLab and Applied Markets, each of which comprise a reportable segment. All historical financial segment information has been recast to conform to this new presentation in our financial statements and accompanying notes.
Basis of Presentation. We have prepared the accompanying financial data for the three and six months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024 pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") in the U.S. have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The October 31, 2024 condensed balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all the disclosures required in audited financial statements by U.S. GAAP. The accompanying financial data and information should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2024.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements contain all normal and recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of April 30, 2025 and October 31, 2024, condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income (loss) for the three and six months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the six months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024 and condensed consolidated statement of equity for the three and six months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024.

Risks and Uncertainties. We are subject to risks common to companies in the analytical instrument industry, such as global economic and financial market conditions, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and fluctuations in customer demand, among others.

Recent changes to tariffs and trade policies by the U.S. and other countries have increased risk and uncertainty surrounding our future results of operations. The impact of changes to tariffs and trade policies in the first half of fiscal year 2025 was not material. However, if tariffs are implemented as initially announced in April 2025, we anticipate a significant adverse impact on our future costs of revenue, which would impact our results of operations in the second half of fiscal year 2025. The ultimate impact of changes to tariffs and trade policies will depend on various factors, including the timing, amount, scope, and nature of any tariffs or trade policies implemented and our ability to respond to and mitigate the impact of such tariffs and trade policies.

Recent headcount and funding reductions of the U.S. federal government along with those customers receiving funding from the U.S. federal government have adversely impacted our business. Continued funding and resource pressure of these government agencies and limited granting of funds could impact our customers’ ability to perform normal business functions and further impact our business.
Use of Estimates
Use of Estimates. The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP in the U.S. requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions believed to be reasonable. Although these estimates are based on management’s best knowledge of current events and actions that may impact the company in the future, actual results may be different from the estimates. Our critical accounting policies are those that affect our financial statements materially and involve difficult, subjective or complex judgments by management. Those policies are revenue recognition, valuation of goodwill and purchased intangible assets, inventory valuation, retirement and post-retirement benefit plan assumptions and accounting for income taxes.
Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents
Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents. Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents are included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. A reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash to the condensed consolidated balance sheets follows:
 April 30,October 31,
 20252024
(in millions)
Cash and cash equivalents$1,486 $1,329 
Restricted cash included in other assets3 3 
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$1,489 $1,332 
Leases Leases. As of both April 30, 2025 and October 31, 2024, operating lease right-of-use assets where we are the lessee were $182 million and $177 million, respectively, and were included within other assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The associated operating lease liabilities were $189 million and $184 million as of April 30, 2025 and October 31, 2024, respectively, and were included in other accrued liabilities and other long-term liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Variable Interest Entity
Variable Interest Entities. We make a determination upon entering into an arrangement whether an entity in which we have made an investment is considered a Variable Interest Entity ("VIE"). We evaluate our investments in privately held companies on an ongoing basis. We have determined that as of April 30, 2025 and October 31, 2024, there were no VIEs required to be consolidated in our consolidated financial statements because we do not have a controlling financial interest in any of the VIEs in which we have invested nor are we the primary beneficiary. We account for these investments under either the equity method or as equity investments without readily determinable fair value ("RDFV"), depending on the circumstances. We periodically reassess whether we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE. The reassessment process considers whether we have acquired the power to direct the most significant activities of the VIE through changes in governing documents or other circumstances. We also reconsider whether entities previously determined not to be VIEs have become VIEs and vice-versa, based on changes in facts and circumstances including changes in contractual arrangements and capital structure.

As of both April 30, 2025 and October 31, 2024, the total carrying value of investments and loans in privately held companies considered as VIEs was $50 million and $79 million, respectively. The maximum exposure is equal to the carrying value because we do not have future funding commitments. The investments are included on the long-term investments line and the loans on the other current assets and other assets lines (depending upon tenure of loan) on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair Value of Financial Instruments. The carrying values of certain of our financial instruments including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued compensation and other accrued liabilities approximate fair value because of their short maturities. The fair value of long-term equity investments which are readily determinable, and which are not accounted under the equity method are reported at fair value using quoted market prices for those securities when available with gains and losses included in net income. The fair value of long-term equity investments which are not readily determinable, and which are not accounted under the equity method are reported at cost with adjustments for observable changes in prices or impairments included in net income. As of April 30, 2025 and October 31, 2024, the fair value of the commercial paper approximates its carrying value. As of April 30, 2025, the fair value of our senior notes was $3,120 million with a carrying value of $3,328 million. This compares to the fair value of our senior notes of $3,083 million with a carrying value of $3,326 million as of October 31, 2024. The change in the fair value in the six months ended April 30, 2025 is primarily due to decreased market interest rates. The fair value was calculated from quoted prices which are primarily Level 1 inputs under the accounting guidance. The fair value of foreign currency contracts used for hedging purposes is estimated internally by using inputs tied to active markets. These inputs, for example, interest rate yield curves, foreign exchange rates, and forward and spot prices for currencies are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.