XML 37 R18.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v3.24.0.1
Software
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Research and Development [Abstract]  
Software Software
Software as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, consists of the following (in millions):
 20232022
Software from acquisitions$754 $702 
Capitalized software development costs2,775 2,946 
Purchased software633 693 
4,162 4,341 
Accumulated amortization(2,047)(2,286)
Total Software, net $2,115 $2,055 

During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded $81 million, $31 million and $136 million, respectively, of software asset impairments and $18 million, $75 million and $76 million, respectively, of incremental software amortization expense driven by the Company's platform modernization. Platform modernization includes sunsetting certain technology platforms, which resulted in shortened estimated useful lives and accelerated amortization methods primarily impacting the associated assets over an approximate three-year period, beginning in the third quarter of 2021.
Amortization expense for software was $588 million, $640 million and $637 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.