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Share-Based Compensation Plans (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Summary of the changes in outstanding stock options The following is a summary of the changes in outstanding stock options for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:
Share units
(in thousands)
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price / Share
Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
(in millions)
Outstanding at January 1, 20231,935 $67.55 5.9$83 
Granted2,153 38.13 
Exercised(1,550)29.38 
Forfeited and expired(23)96.73 
Other14 73.16 
Outstanding at September 30, 20232,529 $65.60 5.9$69 
Options exercisable at September 30, 20231,953 $58.98 5.1$64 
Vested and expected to vest as of September 30, 20232,480 $64.96 5.7$69 
Stock option valuation assumptions The following are weighted-average assumptions for 2023 grants:
Volatility27.30 %
Risk-free interest rate4.25 %
Dividend yield1.31 %
Expected term (in years)5.4
Weighted-average fair value / share$29.06 
Summary of restricted stock activity The following is a summary of restricted stock unit activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The fair value of the restricted share unit awards is determined using the closing price of our common stock on date of grant:
Share units
(in thousands)
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value / Share
Outstanding at January 1, 2023553 $88.88 
Granted1,048 103.07 
Vested(644)41.56 
Forfeited(32)66.58 
Outstanding at September 30, 2023925 $98.78 
Summary of performance based share grants
The following is a summary of our ROIC and EBITDA grants for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The fair value of the adjusted EBITDA performance share units is equal to the closing share price on the date of the grant:
Share units
 (in thousands)
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value / Share
Outstanding at January 1, 2023146 $88.78 
Granted36 100.69 
Forfeited (a)(68)82.40 
Outstanding at September 30, 2023114 $97.70 
(a) Includes adjusted ROIC performance share unit awards forfeited during the period as a result of the final performance condition not being achieved on vest date.
The following is a summary of our Total Shareholder Return ("TSR") performance share unit grants for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:
Share units
(in thousands)
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value / Share
Outstanding at January 1, 2023178 $100.67 
Granted72 108.54 
Adjustment for Market Condition Achieved (a)40 102.55 
Vested(102)102.55 
Forfeited(8)100.99 
Outstanding at September 30, 2023180 $103.52 
(a) Represents an increase in the number of original TSR performance share units awarded based on the final market condition achievement at the end of the performance period of such awards.
Performance-based shares valuation assumptions The following are weighted-average assumptions for 2023 grants:
Volatility35.9 %
Risk-free interest rate4.66 %
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Outstanding Award, Activity, Excluding Option
The following is a summary of our Revenue performance share unit grants for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:
Share units
 (in thousands)
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value / Share
Outstanding at January 1, 202332 86.77 
Granted36 100.69 
Forfeited(2)91.12 
Outstanding at September 30, 202366 $94.19