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Investment Information (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Disclosure Investment Information [Abstract]  
Summary of fair value and cost or amortized cost of available for sale securities
The following table summarizes the fair value and cost or amortized cost of the Company’s securities classified as available for sale:
Estimated
Fair
Value
Gross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesAllowance for Expected Credit Losses (2)Cost or
Amortized
Cost
December 31, 2021
Fixed maturities:
Corporate bonds$6,553,333 $104,170 $(69,194)$(2,037)$6,520,394 
Mortgage backed securities408,477 2,825 (5,410)(48)411,110 
Municipal bonds404,666 18,724 (1,409)(2)387,353 
Commercial mortgage backed securities1,046,484 1,740 (3,117)(6)1,047,867 
U.S. government and government agencies4,772,764 10,076 (45,967)— 4,808,655 
Non-U.S. government securities2,120,294 54,048 (34,749)(82)2,101,077 
Asset backed securities2,692,091 6,540 (11,108)(708)2,697,367 
Total17,998,109 198,123 (170,954)(2,883)17,973,823 
Short-term investments1,734,716 568 (590)— 1,734,738 
Total$19,732,825 $198,691 $(171,544)$(2,883)$19,708,561 
December 31, 2020
Fixed maturities (1):
Corporate bonds$7,856,571 $414,247 $(34,388)$(896)$7,477,608 
Mortgage backed securities630,001 8,939 (5,028)(278)626,368 
Municipal bonds494,522 27,291 (3,835)(11)471,077 
Commercial mortgage backed securities389,900 8,722 (2,954)(122)384,254 
U.S. government and government agencies5,557,077 22,612 (12,611)— 5,547,076 
Non-U.S. government securities2,433,733 153,891 (8,060)— 2,287,902 
Asset backed securities1,634,804 19,225 (10,715)(1,090)1,627,384 
Total18,996,608 654,927 (77,591)(2,397)18,421,669 
Short-term investments1,924,922 2,693 (2,063)— 1,924,292 
Total$20,921,530 $657,620 $(79,654)$(2,397)$20,345,961 
(1)    In securities lending transactions, the Company receives collateral in excess of the fair value of the fixed maturities pledged. For purposes of this table, the Company has excluded the collateral received under securities lending, at fair value and included the securities pledged under securities lending, at fair value. See “—Securities Lending Agreements.” In 2021, the Company terminated its securities lending program and no longer enters into securities lending agreements with financial institutions.
(2) Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13 and as a result any credit impairment losses on the Company’s available-for-sale investments are recorded as an allowance, subject to reversal.
Summary of available for sale securities in a continual unrealized loss position
The following table summarizes, for all available for sale securities in an unrealized loss position, the fair value and gross unrealized loss by length of time the security has been in a continual unrealized loss position:
Less than 12 Months12 Months or MoreTotal
Estimated Fair
Value
Gross Unrealized LossesEstimated Fair
Value
Gross Unrealized LossesEstimated Fair
Value
Gross Unrealized Losses
December 31, 2021
Fixed maturities:
Corporate bonds$3,639,582 $(63,938)$98,867 $(5,256)$3,738,449 $(69,194)
Mortgage backed securities222,176 (3,545)46,809 (1,865)268,985 (5,410)
Municipal bonds26,665 (385)16,361 (1,024)43,026 (1,409)
Commercial mortgage backed securities675,603 (2,805)5,908 (312)681,511 (3,117)
U.S. government and government agencies4,211,621 (44,180)33,373 (1,787)4,244,994 (45,967)
Non-U.S. government securities1,511,301 (31,983)62,957 (2,766)1,574,258 (34,749)
Asset backed securities1,667,002 (9,853)33,082 (1,255)1,700,084 (11,108)
Total11,953,950 (156,689)297,357 (14,265)12,251,307 (170,954)
Short-term investments284,733 (590)— — 284,733 (590)
Total$12,238,683 $(157,279)$297,357 $(14,265)$12,536,040 $(171,544)
December 31, 2020
Fixed maturities (1):
Corporate bonds$747,442 $(33,086)$3,934 $(1,302)$751,376 $(34,388)
Mortgage backed securities284,619 (4,788)3,637 (240)288,256 (5,028)
Municipal bonds67,937 (3,835)— — 67,937 (3,835)
Commercial mortgage backed securities126,624 (2,916)2,655 (38)129,279 (2,954)
U.S. government and government agencies1,285,907 (12,611)— — 1,285,907 (12,611)
Non-U.S. government securities543,844 (7,658)2,441 (402)546,285 (8,060)
Asset backed securities634,470 (9,110)57,737 (1,605)692,207 (10,715)
Total3,690,843 (74,004)70,404 (3,587)3,761,247 (77,591)
Short-term investments97,920 (2,063)— — 97,920 (2,063)
Total$3,788,763 $(76,067)$70,404 $(3,587)$3,859,167 $(79,654)
(1)    In securities lending transactions, the Company receives collateral in excess of the fair value of the fixed maturities pledged. For purposes of this table, the Company has excluded the collateral received and reinvested and included the fixed maturities pledged. See “—Securities Lending Agreements.” In 2021, the Company terminated its securities lending program and no longer enters into securities lending agreements with financial institutions.
Contractual maturities of the Company's fixed maturities and fixed maturities pledged under securities lending arrangements
December 31, 2021December 31, 2020
Maturity
Estimated Fair Value
Amortized Cost
Estimated Fair Value
Amortized Cost
Due in one year or less$300,889 $299,772 $348,200 $339,951 
Due after one year through five years8,355,255 8,339,387 10,629,959 10,340,819 
Due after five years through 10 years4,689,155 4,684,393 4,881,564 4,654,754 
Due after 10 years505,758 493,927 482,180 448,139 
13,851,057 13,817,479 16,341,903 15,783,663 
Mortgage backed securities408,477 411,110 630,001 626,368 
Commercial mortgage backed securities1,046,484 1,047,867 389,900 384,254 
Asset backed securities2,692,091 2,697,367 1,634,804 1,627,384 
Total (1)$17,998,109 $17,973,823 $18,996,608 $18,421,669 
(1)    In securities lending transactions, the Company receives collateral in excess of the fair value of the fixed maturities pledged. For purposes of this table, the Company has excluded the collateral received and reinvested and included the fixed maturities pledged. See “—Securities Lending Agreements.” In 2021, the Company terminated its securities lending program and no longer enters into securities lending agreements with financial institutions.
Summary of securities lending transactions accounted for as secured borrowings, with significant investment categories
The carrying value of collateral held under the Company’s securities lending transactions by significant investment category and remaining contractual maturity of the underlying agreements was as follows at December 31, 2020 (no balances at December 31, 2021 due to the termination of the program):
Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
Overnight and ContinuousLess than 30 Days30-90 Days90 Days or MoreTotal
December 31, 2020
U.S. government and government agencies$142,317 $— $139,290 $— $281,607 
Corporate bonds3,021 — — — 3,021 
Equity securities16,461 — — — 16,461 
Total$161,799 $— $139,290 $— $301,089 
Gross amount of recognized liabilities for securities lending in offsetting disclosure in Note 11
— 
Amounts related to securities lending not included in offsetting disclosure in Note 11
$301,089 
Components of net investment income
The components of net investment income were derived from the following sources:
Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
Fixed maturities$330,061 $412,481 $505,399 
Term loans34,843 84,149 98,949 
Equity securities42,396 28,958 15,857 
Short-term investments6,928 10,840 15,820 
Other (1)62,895 72,395 80,618 
Gross investment income477,123 608,823 716,643 
Investment expenses(88,005)(89,215)(88,905)
Net investment income$389,118 $519,608 $627,738 
(1)    Includes income distributions from investment funds and other items
Summary of net realized gains (losses)
Net realized gains (losses) were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
Available for sale securities:
Gross gains on investment sales$313,886 $595,941 $235,655 
Gross losses on investment sales(156,791)(117,282)(104,612)
Change in fair value of assets and liabilities accounted for using the fair value option:
Fixed maturities7,953 15,881 41,910 
Other investments116,781 13,656 (35,734)
Equity securities13,028 14,629 15,869 
Short-term investments601 2,279 3,801 
Equity securities, at fair value :
Net realized gains (losses) on securities sold122,606 26,849 11,313 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities still held at reporting date48,746 102,394 97,768 
Allowance for credit losses:
Investments related(2,100)(3,597)— 
Underwriting related1,062 (10,007)— 
Net impairment losses— (533)(3,165)
Derivative instruments (1)(32,390)179,675 119,741 
Other (2)(53,537)3,575 (19,348)
Net realized gains (losses)$379,845 $823,460 $363,198 

(1)    See Note 11 for information on the Company’s derivative instruments.
(2)    2021 periods reflected $33.1 million of losses related to the Company’s
deconsolidation of Somers.
Other investments
The following table summarizes the Company’s other investments and other investable assets:
December 31,
20212020
Fixed maturities$416,698 $843,354 
Other investments1,432,553 2,331,885 
Short-term investments97,806 557,008 
Equity securities26,493 92,549 
Investments accounted for using the fair value option1,973,550 3,824,796 
Other investable assets (1)— 500,000 
Total other investments$1,973,550 $4,324,796 
(1) Participation interests in a receivable of a reverse repurchase agreement.
The following table summarizes the Company’s other investments, as detailed in the previous table, by strategy:

December 31,

2021

2020
Lending536,345 572,636 
Term loan investments484,950 1,231,731 
Investment grade fixed income147,810 138,646 
Private equity91,126 48,750 
Energy81,692 65,813 
Credit related funds70,278 90,780 
Infrastructure20,352 165,516 
Real estate— 18,013 
Total
$1,432,553 $2,331,885 
Investments accounted for using the equity method
The following table summarizes the Company’s investments accounted for using the equity method, by strategy:

December 31,

20212020
Credit related funds$1,022,334 $740,060 
Private equity436,042 235,289 
Real estate396,395 258,518 
Equities395,090 343,058 
Lending376,649 179,629 
Infrastructure230,070 175,882 
Energy119,141 115,453 
Fixed income101,890 — 
Total
$3,077,611 $2,047,889 
A summary of financial information for the Company’s investment funds and operating affiliates accounted for using the equity method is as follows:
December 31,
20212020
Invested assets$58,508,009 $44,131,377 
Total assets69,648,905 49,078,464 
Total liabilities17,944,325 6,054,189 
Net assets$51,704,580 $43,024,275 
Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
Total revenues$11,785,949 $5,762,098 $164,669 
Total expenses3,238,606 1,656,029 528,762 
Net income (loss)$8,547,343 $4,106,069 $(364,093)
Summary of investments in limited partnership interests where the Company has a variable interest
The following table summarizes investments in limited partnership interests where the Company has a variable interest by balance sheet item:
December 31,
20212020
Investments accounted for using the equity method (1)$3,077,611 $2,047,889 
Investments accounted for using the fair value option (2)170,595 184,720 
Total$3,248,206 $2,232,609 
(1)     Aggregate unfunded commitments were $2.6 billion at December 31, 2021, compared to $1.8 billion at December 31, 2020.
(2)    Aggregate unfunded commitments were $18.8 million at December 31, 2021, compared to $35.6 million at December 31, 2020.
Roll forward of the allowance for expected credit losses of securities classified as available for sale
The following table provides a roll forward of the allowance for expected credit losses of the Company’s securities classified as available for sale:
Year Ended December 31, 2021Structured Securities (1)Municipal
Bonds
Corporate
Bonds
Total
Balance at beginning of period$1,490 $11 $896 $2,397 
Additions for current-period provision for expected credit losses602 — 2,858 3,460 
Additions (reductions) for previously recognized expected credit losses(847)(9)(320)(1,176)
Reductions due to disposals (3)(443)— (1,355)(1,798)
Balance at end of period$802 $$2,079 $2,883 
Year Ended December 31, 2020
Balance at beginning of period$— $— $— $— 
Cumulative effect of accounting change (2)517 — 117 634 
Additions for current-period provision for expected credit losses2,942 67 7,644 10,653 
Additions (reductions) for previously recognized expected credit losses (1,398)(5,638)(7,030)
Reductions due to disposals(571)(62)(1,227)(1,860)
Balance at end of period$1,490 $11 $896 $2,397 
(1)    Includes asset backed securities, mortgage backed securities and commercial mortgage backed securities.
(2)    Adoption of ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326)”.
(3)    Reduction for the 2021 periods primarily related to the Company’s deconsolidation of Somers.
Summary of restricted assets
The following table details the value of the Company’s restricted assets:
December 31,
20212020
Assets used for collateral or guarantees:
Affiliated transactions$4,223,955 $4,643,334 
Third party agreements2,721,160 3,083,324 
Deposits with U.S. regulatory authorities798,100 827,552 
Deposits with non-U.S. regulatory authorities506,517 179,099 
Total restricted assets (1)$8,249,732 $8,733,309 
(1) 2020 balances included $1.036 billion related to Somers. See note 12.
Reconciliation of cash and restricted cash
The following table details reconciliation of cash and restricted cash within the Consolidated Balance Sheets:
December 31,
202120202019
Cash$858,668 $906,448 $726,230 
Restricted cash (included in ‘other assets’)456,103 384,096 177,468 
Cash and restricted cash$1,314,771 $1,290,544 $903,698