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Segment Information
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information
The Company’s insurance, reinsurance and mortgage segments each have managers who are responsible for the overall profitability of their respective segments and who are directly accountable to the Company’s chief operating decision makers (“CODM”). The Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer are the Company’s CODMs. CODMs do not assess performance, measure return on equity or make resource allocation decisions on a line of business basis. Management measures segment performance for its three reportable segments based on underwriting income or loss. The Company does not manage its assets by segment, with the exception of goodwill and intangible assets, and accordingly, investment income is not allocated to each segment.
The Company determined its segments using the management approach described in accounting guidance regarding disclosures about segments of an enterprise and related information. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those used for the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Intersegment business is allocated to the segment accountable for the underwriting results.
The Company’s insurance segment primarily consists of commercial insurance lines of business, with a focus on specialty insurance products. These products are mainly offered in North America, Bermuda, the United Kingdom, continental Europe and Australia. Products offered in North America include: commercial automobile; commercial multi‐peril; other liability—claims made, which includes financial and professional lines; other liability—occurrence, which includes admitted and excess and surplus casualty lines; property and short-tail specialty; workers compensation; and other. Products offered across the Company’s International units include: property and short-tail specialty; and casualty and other.
The Company’s reinsurance segment offers reinsurance products on a worldwide basis. Product lines of business include: casualty; marine and aviation; specialty; property catastrophe; property excluding property catastrophe; and other.
The Company’s mortgage segment consists of U.S. primary mortgage insurance business written predominantly on loans sold to the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”), each a government sponsored entity (“GSE”) and also through non GSE approved entities (combined “Arch MI U.S.”); reinsurance and underwriting services related to U.S. credit-risk transfer (“CRT”) business which are predominately with the GSEs and other U.S. mortgage reinsurance transactions; and international mortgage insurance and reinsurance business covering loans primarily in Australia and Europe.
The Company’s results also include net investment income, net realized gains or losses (which includes realized and unrealized changes in the fair value of equity securities and assets accounted for using the fair value option, realized and unrealized gains or losses on derivative instruments, changes in the allowance for credit losses on financial assets and gains or losses realized from the acquisition or disposition of subsidiaries), equity in net income or loss of investments accounted for using the equity method, other income (loss), corporate expenses, transaction costs and other, amortization of intangible assets, interest expense, net foreign exchange gains or losses, income tax items, income or loss from operating affiliates and items related to the Company’s non-cumulative preferred shares.
The following tables summarize the Company’s underwriting income or loss by segment, together with a reconciliation of underwriting income or loss to net income available to Arch common shareholders:
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2025
 InsuranceReinsuranceMortgageTotal
Gross premiums written (1)$2,645 $3,494 $326 $6,463 
Premiums ceded (1)(712)(1,178)(60)(1,948)
Net premiums written1,933 2,316 266 4,515 
Change in unearned premiums(73)(288)34 (327)
Net premiums earned1,860 2,028 300 4,188 
Other underwriting income (loss) (2)3 39 11 53 
Losses and loss adjustment expenses(1,228)(1,356)(3)(2,587)
Acquisition expenses(343)(417)(4)(764)
Other operating expenses (3)(294)(127)(52)(473)
Underwriting income (loss)$(2)$167 $252 417 
Net investment income378 
Net realized gains (losses)3 
Equity in net income of investments accounted for using the equity method53 
Other income (loss)(2)
Corporate expenses (4)(50)
Transaction costs and other (4)(10)
Amortization of intangible assets(49)
Interest expense(35)
Net foreign exchange gains (losses)(27)
Income (loss) before income taxes and income (loss) from operating affiliates678 
Income tax (expense) benefit(121)
Income (loss) from operating affiliates17 
Net income (loss) available to Arch574 
Preferred dividends(10)
Net income (loss) available to Arch common shareholders$564 
Underwriting Ratios
Loss ratio66.0 %66.9 %1.1 %61.8 %
Acquisition expense ratio18.5 %20.6 %1.3 %18.3 %
Other operating expense ratio (5)15.6 %4.3 %13.7 %10.0 %
Combined ratio100.1 %91.8 %16.1 %90.1 %
Goodwill and intangible assets$878 $102 $328 $1,308 
(1)    Certain assumed and ceded amounts related to intersegment transactions are included in individual segment results. Accordingly, the sum of such transactions for each segment does not agree to the total due to eliminations.
(2)    ‘Other underwriting income (loss)’ includes revenue earned from underwriting-related activities covered under existing service contracts.
(3)    ‘Other operating expenses’ primarily include expenses that are related to compensation and employee benefits, information technology and professional fees.
(4)    Certain expenses have been excluded from ‘Corporate expenses’ and reflected in ‘Transaction costs and other.’
(5)    The ‘Other operating expense ratio’ for the 2025 period includes ‘Other underwriting income (loss).’
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2024
 InsuranceReinsuranceMortgageTotal
Gross premiums written (1)$2,126 $3,467 $341 $5,933 
Premiums ceded (1)(584)(1,201)(64)(1,848)
Net premiums written1,542 2,266 277 4,085 
Change in unearned premiums(91)(600)28 (663)
Net premiums earned1,451 1,666 305 3,422 
Other underwriting income (loss)— 2 10 12 
Losses and loss adjustment expenses(854)(883)9 (1,728)
Acquisition expenses(276)(331)— (607)
Other operating expenses (2)(235)(75)(53)(363)
Underwriting income (loss)$86 $379 $271 736 
Net investment income327 
Net realized gains (losses)67 
Equity in net income of investments accounted for using the equity method99 
Other income (loss)14 
Corporate expenses (3)(46)
Transaction costs and other (3)(7)
Amortization of intangible assets(21)
Interest expense(34)
Net foreign exchange gains (losses)31 
Income (loss) before income taxes and income (loss) from operating affiliates1,166 
Income tax (expense) benefit(101)
Income (loss) from operating affiliates55 
Net income (loss) available to Arch1,120 
Preferred dividends(10)
Net income (loss) available to Arch common shareholders$1,110 
Underwriting Ratios    
Loss ratio58.9 %53.0 %(3.0)%50.5 %
Acquisition expense ratio19.0 %19.9 %— %17.7 %
Other operating expense ratio16.2 %4.5 %17.5 %10.6 %
Combined ratio94.1 %77.4 %14.5 %78.8 %
Goodwill and intangible assets$293 $121 $364 $778 

(1)    Certain assumed and ceded amounts related to intersegment transactions are included in individual segment results. Accordingly, the sum of such transactions for each segment does not agree to the total due to eliminations.
(2)    ‘Other operating expenses’ primarily include expenses that are related to compensation and employee benefits, information technology and professional fees.
(3)    Certain expenses have been excluded from ‘Corporate expenses’ and reflected in ‘Transaction costs and other.’