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ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
ACCOUNTING POLICIES | ACCOUNTING POLICIES Basis of Presentation The unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") in the United States of America and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and include the accounts of Wabtec and its subsidiaries in which Wabtec has a controlling interest. These condensed consolidated interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required for complete financial statements. In management’s opinion, these financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified, where necessary, to conform to the current year presentation. Results for these interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year particularly in light of ongoing volatility in the macroeconomic environment caused by supply chain disruptions, labor availability, broad-based inflation, and the impacts from regional conflicts. These factors continue to impact our sales channels, supply chain, manufacturing operations, workforce, and other key aspects of our operations. We are unable to reasonably predict the full impact of these factors due to the high degree of uncertainty regarding their duration and severity, their potential impact on global economic activity, and the impact that current and new sanctions may have on our business, global supply chain operations and our customers, suppliers, and end-markets. The Company operates on a four-four-five week accounting quarter, and the quarters end on or about March 31, June 30, September 30, and December 31. The notes included herein should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in Wabtec’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. The December 31, 2023 information has been derived from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP in the United States requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual amounts could differ from the estimates. On an ongoing basis, Management reviews its estimates based on currently available information. Changes in facts and circumstances may result in revised estimates. Revenue Recognition A majority of the Company’s revenues are derived from performance obligations that are satisfied at a point in time when control passes to the customer. The remaining revenues are earned over time. Generally, for performance obligations satisfied at a point in time control passes at the time of shipment in accordance with agreed upon delivery terms. The Company also has long-term customer agreements involving the design and production of highly engineered products that require revenue to be recognized over time because these products have no alternative use without significant economic loss, and the agreements contain an enforceable right to payment including a reasonable profit margin from the customer in the event of contract termination. Additionally, the Company has customer agreements involving the creation or enhancement of an asset that the customer controls which also require revenue to be recognized over time. Generally, the Company uses an input method for determining the amount of revenue, cost and gross margin to recognize over time for these customer agreements. The input methods used for these agreements include costs of material and labor, both of which give an accurate representation of the progress made toward complete satisfaction of a particular performance obligation. The Company may also use the output method which recognizes revenue based on direct measurements of the value transferred to the customer. Contract revenues and cost estimates are reviewed and revised periodically throughout the year and adjustments are reflected in the accounting period as such amounts are determined. Due to the nature of work required to be performed on the Company’s long-term projects, the estimation of total revenue and cost at completion is subject to many variables and requires significant judgment. Contract estimates related to long-term projects are based on various assumptions to project the outcome of future events that could span several years. These assumptions include cost of materials; labor availability and productivity; complexity of the work to be performed; and the performance of suppliers, customers and subcontractors that may be associated with the contract. We have a disciplined process where management reviews the progress of long term-projects periodically throughout the year. As part of this process, management reviews information including key contract matters, progress towards completion, identified risks and opportunities and any other information that could impact the Company’s estimates of revenue and costs. After completing this analysis, any adjustments to net sales, cost of goods sold, and the related impact to operating income are recognized as necessary in the period they become known. Generally, the Company’s revenue contains a single performance obligation for each distinct good or service; however, a single contract may have multiple performance obligations comprising multiple promises to customers. When there are multiple performance obligations, revenue is allocated based on the relative stand-alone selling price. Pricing is defined in our contracts on a line item basis and includes an estimate of variable consideration when required by the terms of the individual customer contract. Types of variable consideration the Company typically has include volume discounts, prompt payment discounts, price escalation clauses, liquidating damages, and performance bonuses. Sales returns and allowances are also estimated and recognized in the same period the related revenue is recognized, based upon the Company’s experience and future expectations. Remaining performance obligations represent the allocated transaction price of unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied performance obligations. As of March 31, 2024, the Company's remaining performance obligations were approximately $22.1 billion. The Company expects to recognize revenue of approximately 35% of the remaining performance obligations over the next 12 months, with the remainder recognized thereafter. Revolving Receivables Program The Company utilizes a revolving facility to sell up to $350 million of certain receivables of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries (the "Originators"). The Originators contribute receivables to our bankruptcy-remote subsidiary, which sells the receivables to a financial institution on a recurring basis in exchange for cash equal to the gross receivables sold. The bankruptcy remote subsidiary is a separate legal entity with its own creditors, and its assets are not available to pay creditors of the Company or any other affiliates of the Company. As customers pay their balances, we transfer additional receivables into the program, which could result in our gross receivables sold being higher or lower than customer collections remitted to the financial institution for any applicable period. The sold receivables are fully guaranteed by our bankruptcy-remote subsidiary, which holds additional receivables that are pledged as collateral under this facility. The Company has agreed to guarantee the performance of the Originators respective obligations under the revolving agreement. Neither the Company (except for the bankruptcy-remote consolidated subsidiary referenced above) nor the Originators guarantees the collectability of the receivables under the revolving agreements. At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the bankruptcy-remote subsidiary held receivables of $531 million and $674 million, respectively, which are included in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The receivables held by the bankruptcy-remote subsidiary collateralize the outstanding receivables sold, which were $230 million and $20 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The transfers are recorded at the fair value of the proceeds received and obligations assumed less derecognized receivables. No obligation was recorded at March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023 as the estimated expected credit losses on receivables sold is insignificant. Our maximum exposure to losses related to these receivables transferred is limited to the amount outstanding. The following table sets forth a summary of receivables sold and the resulting impact of net cash proceeds included in cash from operations:
In millions | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 |  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Gross receivables sold/cash proceeds received | $ | 519 |  |  | $ | 519 |
Customer collections remitted to financial institution | (309) |  |  | (374) |
Net cash proceeds received included in cash from operations | $ | 210 |  |  | $ | 145 |
Restricted Cash At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company classified cash of $5 million as restricted for cash held in escrow related to a 2022 acquisition. Depreciation Expense Depreciation of property, plant and equipment related to the manufacturing of products or services provided is included in Cost of goods or Cost of services. Depreciation of other property, plant and equipment that is not attributable to the manufacturing of products or services provided is included in Selling, general and administrative expenses or Engineering expenses to the extent the property, plant, and equipment is used for research and development purposes. Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized. Other intangibles (with definite lives) are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated economic lives. Amortizable intangible assets are reviewed for impairment when indicators of impairment are present. The Company tests goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at the reporting unit level and at least annually. The Company performs its annual impairment test during the fourth quarter after the annual forecasting process is completed, and also tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company will perform either a qualitative or quantitative test for goodwill, performing a quantitative test for each identified reporting unit at least every three years. Periodically, Management of the Company assesses whether or not an indicator of impairment is present that would necessitate an impairment analysis be performed. No impairment indicators were identified during the current quarter. Accounting Standards Recently Issued In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The amendments in this update are intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. In addition to the current requirements, the amendments specify additional information be provided about the chief operating decision maker ("CODM") as well as disaggregated expense categories, to the extent that the CODM utilizes such data in deciding how to allocate resources. The amendments in this update do not affect the recognition, measurement, or financial statement presentation of expenses, and will be effective for Wabtec's annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2024 and interim reporting periods beginning January 1, 2025. The amendments will require increased interim and annual disclosures on current and comparable reporting periods presented in annual and interim company filings. The Company is assessing the extent of the impact of the amendments on its future filings. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The amendments in this update require entities to disclose on an annual basis specific categories within the income tax rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. The amendments in this update also require enhanced disaggregation of disclosures about income taxes paid and income tax expense, among other changes. The amendments in this update do not affect the recognition, measurement, or financial statement presentation of income taxes and will be effective for Wabtec's annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2025. The amendments will require increased annual disclosures on current and comparable reporting periods presented in annual and interim company filings. The Company is assessing the extent of the impact of the amendments on its future filings. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Comprehensive (loss) income comprises both Net income and Other comprehensive (loss) income resulting from the change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. The changes in Accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, including any tax impacts, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:
| Foreign currency translation |  | Derivative contracts |  | Pension and postretirement benefit plans |  | Total
In millions | 2024 | 2023 |  | 2024 | 2023 |  | 2024 | 2023 |  | 2024 | 2023
Balance at beginning of year | $ | (541) |  | $ | (596) |  |  | $ | 7 |  | $ | (9) |  |  | $ | (56) |  | $ | (56) |  |  | $ | (590) |  | $ | (661) |
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications | (88) |  | 25 |  |  | 10 |  | 4 |  |  | 1 |  | — |  |  | (77) |  | 29 |
Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss | — |  | — |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  | 1 |  |  | — |  | 1 |
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net | (88) |  | 25 |  |  | 10 |  | 4 |  |  | 1 |  | 1 |  |  | (77) |  | 30 |
Balance at March 31 | $ | (629) |  | $ | (571) |  |  | $ | 17 |  | $ | (5) |  |  | $ | (55) |  | $ | (55) |  |  | $ | (667) |  | $ | (631) |
Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss are recognized in "Other income, net" with the tax impact recognized in "Income tax expense" on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. Supply Chain Financing Program The Company has entered into supply chain financing arrangements with third-party financial institutions to provide our vendors with enhanced payment options while providing the Company with added working capital flexibility. The Company does not provide any guarantees under these arrangements, does not have an economic interest in our supplier's voluntary participation, does not receive an economic benefit from the financial institutions, and no assets are pledged under the arrangements. The arrangements do not change the payable terms negotiated by the Company and our vendors, which range between net 45 and net 180 days, and does not result in a change in the classification of amounts due as Accounts payable in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Suppliers utilized the program to accelerate receipt of payment from these financial institutions for $317 million and $305 million of the Company's outstanding Accounts payable as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The supplier invoices included under the program require payment in full to the financial institutions consistent with the Company’s normal terms and conditions as agreed upon with the vendor.

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