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Revenues and Trade Accounts Receivable
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenues and Trade Accounts Receivable
Disaggregation of Revenues

The tables below present disaggregated revenues from contracts with clients by client location, service line and contract type for each of our reportable business segments. We believe this disaggregation best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows are affected by industry, market and other economic factors. Our consulting and technology services include consulting, application development, systems integration, quality engineering and assurance services as well as software solutions and related services while our outsourcing services include application maintenance, infrastructure and security as well as business process services. Revenues are attributed to geographic regions based upon client location, which is the client's billing address. Substantially all revenues in the North America region relate to clients in the United States.
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2024		Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2024
(in millions)FSHSP&RCMTTotalFSHSP&RCMTTotal
Revenues
Geography:
North America$1,048 $1,295 $828 $564 $3,735 $3,064 $3,756 $2,362 $1,694 $10,876 
United Kingdom147 47 157 131 482 428 138 415 401 1,382 
Continental Europe156 143 154 32 485 457 413 447 121 1,438 
Europe - Total303 190 311 163 967 885 551 862 522 2,820 
Rest of World 135 29 89 89 342 369 84 263 242 958 
Total$1,486 $1,514 $1,228 $816 $5,044 $4,318 $4,391 $3,487 $2,458 $14,654 
Service line:
Consulting and technology services$1,051 $895 $833 $447 $3,226 $3,025 $2,560 $2,297 $1,373 $9,255 
Outsourcing services435 619 395 369 1,818 1,293 1,831 1,190 1,085 5,399 
Total$1,486 $1,514 $1,228 $816 $5,044 $4,318 $4,391 $3,487 $2,458 $14,654 
Type of contract:
Time and materials$833 $499 $511 $439 $2,282 $2,421 $1,486 $1,428 $1,336 $6,671 
Fixed-price608 738 627 327 2,300 1,761 2,111 1,803 994 6,669 
Transaction or volume-based45 277 90 50 462 136 794 256 128 1,314 
Total$1,486 $1,514 $1,228 $816 $5,044 $4,318 $4,391 $3,487 $2,458 $14,654 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2023		Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2023
(in millions)FSHSP&RCMTTotalFSHSP&RCMTTotal
Revenues
Geography:
North America$1,040 $1,194 $785 $580 $3,599 $3,100 $3,675 $2,306 $1,652 $10,733 
United Kingdom156 43 137 150 486 473 124 406 434 1,437 
Continental Europe151 139 153 41 484 458 398 463 120 1,439 
Europe - Total307 182 290 191 970 931 522 869 554 2,876 
Rest of World 128 29 95 76 328 383 81 290 232 986 
Total$1,475 $1,405 $1,170 $847 $4,897 $4,414 $4,278 $3,465 $2,438 $14,595 
Service line:
Consulting and technology services$1,013 $806 $763 $440 $3,022 $3,019 $2,440 $2,258 $1,318 $9,035 
Outsourcing services462 599 407 407 1,875 1,395 1,838 1,207 1,120 5,560 
Total$1,475 $1,405 $1,170 $847 $4,897 $4,414 $4,278 $3,465 $2,438 $14,595 
Type of contract:
Time and materials$806 $513 $471 $471 $2,261 $2,478 $1,520 $1,391 $1,395 $6,784 
Fixed-price611 640 610 328 2,189 1,764 1,945 1,807 926 6,442 
Transaction or volume-based58 252 89 48 447 172 813 267 117 1,369 
Total$1,475 $1,405 $1,170 $847 $4,897 $4,414 $4,278 $3,465 $2,438 $14,595 
Costs to Fulfill
The following table shows significant movements in the capitalized costs to fulfill for the nine months ended September 30:
(in millions)20242023
Beginning balance$245 $265 
Costs capitalized43 41 
Amortization expense(69)(64)
Ending balance$219 $242 
Costs to obtain contracts were immaterial for the periods disclosed.
Contract Balances
The table below shows significant movements in contract assets (current and noncurrent) for the nine months ended September 30:
(in millions)20242023
Beginning balance$316 $326 
Revenues recognized during the period but not billed377 370 
Amounts reclassified to trade accounts receivable(270)(316)
Amounts acquired in business combinations— 9 
Ending balance$423 $389 
The table below shows significant movements in the deferred revenue balances (current and noncurrent) for the nine months ended September 30:
(in millions)20242023
Beginning balance$427 $417 
Amounts billed but not recognized as revenues298 228 
Revenues recognized related to the beginning balance of deferred revenue(354)(322)
Amounts acquired in business combinations12 13 
Ending balance$383 $336 
Revenues recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 for performance obligations satisfied or partially satisfied in previous periods were immaterial.
Remaining Performance Obligations
As of September 30, 2024, the aggregate amount of transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was $4,700 million, of which approximately 55% is expected to be recognized as revenues within 2 years and approximately 85% is expected to be recognized as revenues within 5 years. Disclosure is not required for performance obligations that meet any of the following criteria:
(1)contracts with a duration of one year or less as determined under ASC Topic 606: "Revenue from Contracts with Customers",
(2)contracts for which we recognize revenues based on the right to invoice for services performed,
(3)variable consideration allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation or to a wholly unsatisfied promise to transfer a distinct good or service that forms part of a single performance obligation in accordance with ASC 606-10-25-14(b), for which the criteria in ASC 606-10-32-40 have been met, or
(4)variable consideration in the form of a sales-based or usage-based royalty promised in exchange for a license of intellectual property.
Many of our performance obligations meet one or more of these exemptions and therefore are not included in the remaining performance obligation amount disclosed above.
Trade Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses
We calculate expected credit losses for trade accounts receivable based on historical credit loss rates for each aging category as adjusted for the current market conditions and forecasts about future economic conditions. The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses for trade accounts receivable for the nine months ended September 30:
(in millions)20242023
Beginning balance$32 $43 
Credit loss expense (1)
7 11 
Write-offs charged against the allowance(9)(18)
Ending balance$30 $36 
(1)Reported in "Selling, general and administrative expenses" in our unaudited consolidated statements of operations.