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Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Tables) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2020
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Estimated carrying amounts and fair values of NRG's recorded financial instruments not carried at fair market value | The estimated carrying amounts and fair values of NRG's recorded financial instruments not carried at fair market value are as follows:
| September 30, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
(In millions) | Carrying Amount |  | Fair Value |  | Carrying Amount |  | Fair Value
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Notes receivable | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | 11 |  |  | $ | 8 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Long-term debt, including current portion (a) | 5,854 |  |  | 6,309 |  |  | 5,956 |  |  | 6,504 |
(a) Excludes deferred financing costs, which are recorded as a reduction to long-term debt in the Company's consolidated balance sheets
Fair value hierarchy for long-term debt | The following table presents the level within the fair value hierarchy for long-term debt, including current portion, as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
| September 30, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
(In millions) | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Long-term debt, including current portion | $ | 6,305 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 6,388 |  |  | $ | 116 |
Assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets on a recurring basis | The following tables present assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets on a recurring basis and their level within the fair value hierarchy:
| September 30, 2020
(In millions) | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Investments in securities (classified within other current and non-current assets) | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | — |
Nuclear trust fund investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | 25 |  |  | 25 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
U.S. government and federal agency obligations | 49 |  |  | 48 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities | 92 |  |  | — |  |  | 92 |  |  | — |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 38 |  |  | — |  |  | 38 |  |  | — |
Corporate debt securities | 144 |  |  | — |  |  | 144 |  |  | — |
Equity securities | 402 |  |  | 402 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Foreign government fixed income securities | 6 |  |  | — |  |  | 6 |  |  | — |
Other trust fund investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. government and federal agency obligations | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Derivative assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commodity contracts | 893 |  |  | 74 |  |  | 592 |  |  | 227 |
Measured using net asset value practical expedient: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity securities — nuclear trust fund investments | 72 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity securities | 7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total assets | $ | 1,744 |  |  | $ | 550 |  |  | $ | 888 |  |  | $ | 227 |
Derivative liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commodity contracts | $ | 813 |  |  | $ | 70 |  |  | $ | 568 |  |  | $ | 175 |
Total liabilities | $ | 813 |  |  | $ | 70 |  |  | $ | 568 |  |  | $ | 175 |
| December 31, 2019
(In millions) | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Investments in securities (classified within other current and non-current assets) | $ | 20 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | $ | — |
Nuclear trust fund investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | 17 |  |  | 17 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
U.S. government and federal agency obligations | 68 |  |  | 68 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities | 100 |  |  | — |  |  | 100 |  |  | — |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 29 |  |  | — |  |  | 29 |  |  | — |
Corporate debt securities | 109 |  |  | — |  |  | 109 |  |  | — |
Equity securities | 388 |  |  | 388 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Foreign government fixed income securities | 5 |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | — |
Other trust fund investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. government and federal agency obligations | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Derivative assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commodity contracts | 1,170 |  |  | 84 |  |  | 893 |  |  | 193 |
Measured using net asset value practical expedient: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity securities — nuclear trust fund investments | 78 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity securities | 8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total assets | $ | 1,993 |  |  | $ | 558 |  |  | $ | 1,156 |  |  | $ | 193 |
Derivative liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commodity contracts | $ | 1,103 |  |  | $ | 143 |  |  | $ | 805 |  |  | $ | 155 |
Total liabilities | $ | 1,103 |  |  | $ | 143 |  |  | $ | 805 |  |  | $ | 155 |
Reconciliation of beginning and ending balances for financial instruments that are recognized at fair value in the consolidated financial statements at least annually using significant unobservable inputs | The following tables reconcile, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the beginning and ending balances for financial instruments that are recognized at fair value in the condensed consolidated financial statements, using significant unobservable inputs:
|  |  |  | Fair Value Measurement Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  |
|  |  |  | Three months ended September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  | Nine months ended September 30, 2020 |  |
(In millions) |  |  |  | Derivatives(a) |  |  |  |  |  |  | Derivatives(a) |  |
Beginning balance |  |  |  | $ | 152 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 38 |  |  |
Total (losses) realized/unrealized— included in earnings |  |  |  | (92) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (18) |  |  |
Purchases |  |  |  | (10) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6 |  |  |
Transfers into Level 3(b) |  |  |  | (11) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 22 |  |  |
Transfers out of Level 3(b) |  |  |  | 13 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |
Ending balance |  |  |  | $ | 52 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 52 |  |  |
Gains for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets or liabilities still held as of period end |  |  |  | $ | 23 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 50 |  |  |
(a)Consists of derivative assets and liabilities, net (b)Transfers into/out of Level 3 are related to the availability of external broker quotes and are valued as of the end of the reporting period. All transfers in/out are with Level 2
| Fair Value Measurement Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
| Three months ended September 30, 2019 |  | Nine months ended September 30, 2019
(In millions) | Debt Securities |  |  | Derivatives(a) |  | Total |  | Debt Securities |  |  | Derivatives(a) |  | Total
Beginning balance | $ | 19 |  |  |  | $ | 97 |  |  | $ | 116 |  |  | $ | 19 |  |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | $ | 39 |
Contracts added from acquisitions | — |  |  |  | (2) |  |  | (2) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3) |  |  | (3) |
Total (losses)/gains realized/unrealized: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Included in earnings | — |  |  |  | (18) |  |  | (18) |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | (45) |  |  | (44) |
Included in OCI | (14) |  |  |  | — |  |  | (14) |  |  | (14) |  |  |  | — |  |  | (14) |
Cash received | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1) |  |  |  | — |  |  | (1) |
Purchases | — |  |  |  | 38 |  |  | 38 |  |  | — |  |  |  | 26 |  |  | 26 |
Transfers into Level 3(b) | — |  |  |  | (126) |  |  | (126) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4 |  |  | 4 |
Transfers out of Level 3(b) | — |  |  |  | 24 |  |  | 24 |  |  | — |  |  |  | 11 |  |  | 11 |
Ending balance | $ | 5 |  |  |  | $ | 13 |  |  | $ | 18 |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  |  | $ | 13 |  |  | $ | 18 |
Gains for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets or liabilities still held as of period end | — |  |  |  | 44 |  |  | 44 |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 13 |  |  | 14 |
(a)Consists of derivative assets and liabilities, net (b)Transfers into/out of Level 3 are related to the availability of external broker quotes and are valued as of the end of the reporting period. All transfers in/out are with Level 2
Significant unobservable inputs used developing fair values, Quantitative Information | The following tables quantify the significant unobservable inputs used in developing the fair value of the Company's Level 3 positions as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
| September 30, 2020
| Fair Value |  |  |  | Input/Range
(In millions) | Assets |  | Liabilities |  | Valuation Technique |  | Significant Unobservable Input |  | Low |  | High |  | Weighted Average
Power Contracts | $ | 196 |  |  | $ | 167 |  |  | Discounted Cash Flow |  | Forward Market Price (per MWh) |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 116 |  |  | $ | 24 |
FTRs | 31 |  |  | 8 |  |  | Discounted Cash Flow |  | Auction Prices (per MWh) |  | (50) |  |  | 43 |  |  | 0
| $ | 227 |  |  | $ | 175 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| December 31, 2019
| Fair Value |  |  |  | Input/Range
(In millions) | Assets |  | Liabilities |  | Valuation Technique |  | Significant Unobservable Input |  | Low |  | High |  | Weighted Average
Power Contracts | $ | 151 |  |  | $ | 139 |  |  | Discounted Cash Flow |  | Forward Market Price (per MWh) |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 218 |  |  | $ | 24 |
FTRs | 42 |  |  | 16 |  |  | Discounted Cash Flow |  | Auction Prices (per MWh) |  | (105) |  |  | 213 |  |  | 0
| $ | 193 |  |  | $ | 155 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value inputs, sensitivity analysis | The following table provides sensitivity of fair value measurements to increases/(decreases) in significant unobservable inputs as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
Significant Unobservable Input |  | Position |  | Change In Input |  | Impact on Fair Value Measurement
Forward Market Price Power |  | Buy |  | Increase/(Decrease) |  | Higher/(Lower)
Forward Market Price Power |  | Sell |  | Increase/(Decrease) |  | Lower/(Higher)
FTR Prices |  | Buy |  | Increase/(Decrease) |  | Higher/(Lower)
FTR Prices |  | Sell |  | Increase/(Decrease) |  | Lower/(Higher)
Net counterparty credit exposure by industry sector and by counterparty credit quality | The following tables highlight net counterparty credit exposure by industry sector and by counterparty credit quality. Net counterparty credit exposure is defined as the aggregate net asset position for NRG with counterparties where netting is permitted under the enabling agreement and includes all cash flow, mark-to-market and NPNS, and non-derivative transactions. The exposure is shown net of collateral held and includes amounts net of receivables or payables.
| Net Exposure(a)(b)
Category by Industry Sector | (% of Total)
Utilities, energy merchants, marketers and other | 88 | %
Financial institutions | 12 |
Total as of September 30, 2020 | 100 | %
| Net Exposure (a)(b)
Category by Counterparty Credit Quality | (% of Total)
Investment grade | 59 | %
Non-investment grade/non-rated | 41 |
Total as of September 30, 2020 | 100 | %
(a)Counterparty credit exposure excludes uranium and coal transportation contracts because of the unavailability of market prices (b)The figures in the tables above exclude potential counterparty credit exposure related to RTOs, ISOs, registered commodity exchanges and certain long-term contracts

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