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Capital Structure | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2020
Equity [Abstract] |
Capital Structure | Capital Structure For the period from December 31, 2017 to December 31, 2020, the Company had 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock authorized and 500,000,000 shares of common stock authorized. The following table reflects the changes in NRG's common shares issued and outstanding for each period presented:
|  |  | Common
|  |  | Issued |  | Treasury |  | Outstanding
Balance as of December 31, 2017 |  |  | 418,323,134 |  |  | (101,580,045) |  |  | 316,743,089 |
Shares issued under ESPP |  |  | — |  |  | 175,862 |  |  | 175,862 |
Shares issued under LTIPs |  |  | 1,965,752 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,965,752 |
Share repurchases |  |  | — |  |  | (35,234,664) |  |  | (35,234,664) |
Balance as of December 31, 2018 |  |  | 420,288,886 |  |  | (136,638,847) |  |  | 283,650,039 |
Shares issued under ESPP |  |  | — |  |  | 46,128 |  |  | 46,128 |
Shares issued under LTIPs |  |  | 1,601,904 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,601,904 |
Share repurchases |  |  | — |  |  | (36,301,882) |  |  | (36,301,882) |
Balance as of December 31, 2019 |  |  | 421,890,790 |  |  | (172,894,601) |  |  | 248,996,189 |
Shares issued under ESPP |  |  | — |  |  | 131,469 |  |  | 131,469 |
Shares issued under LTIPs |  |  | 1,167,058 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,167,058 |
Share repurchases |  |  | — |  |  | (6,062,783) |  |  | (6,062,783) |
Balance as of December 31, 2020 |  |  | 423,057,848 |  |  | (178,825,915) |  |  | 244,231,933 |
Common Stock As of December 31, 2020, NRG had 14,862,069 shares of common stock reserved for the maximum number of shares potentially issuable based on the conversion and redemption features of the long-term incentive plans. Common stock dividends — The Company declared and paid $0.30, $0.03 and $0.03 quarterly dividend per common share, or $1.20, $0.12 and $0.12 per share on an annualized basis for 2020, 2019 and 2018 respectively. In the first quarter of 2020, NRG increased the annual dividend to $1.20 from $0.12 per share, as part of a long-term capital allocation policy adopted in the fourth quarter of 2019, that targets allocating 50% of cash available for allocation generated each year to growth investments and 50% to be returned to shareholders. The return of capital to shareholders is expected to be completed through the increased dividend supplemented by share repurchases. The long-term capital allocation policy targets an annual dividend growth rate of 7-9% per share in years subsequent to 2020. In 2021 NRG increased the annual dividend to $1.30 per share, representing an 8% increase. The Company's common stock dividends are subject to available capital, market conditions, and compliance with associated laws, regulations and other contractual obligations. On January 21, 2021, NRG declared a quarterly dividend on the Company's common stock of $0.325 per share, or $1.30 per share on an annualized basis, payable on February 16, 2021, to stockholders of record as of February 1, 2021. Employee Stock Purchase Plan — In March 2019, the Company reopened participation in the ESPP, which allows eligible employees to elect to withhold between 1% and 10% of their eligible compensation to purchase shares of NRG common stock at the lesser of 95% of its market value on the offering date or 95% of the fair market value on the exercise date. An offering date will occur each April 1 and October 1. An exercise date will occur each September 30 and March 31. The ESPP, that was suspended in 2018, allowed eligible employees to elect to withhold up to 10% of their eligible compensation to purchase shares of NRG common stock at the lesser of 85% of its fair market value on the offering date or 85% of the fair market value on the exercise date. An offering date occurred each January 1 and July 1. An exercise date occurred each June 30 and December 31. As of December 31, 2020, there remained 2,753,591 shares of treasury stock reserved for issuance under the ESPP. Share Repurchases — In 2018, the Company's board of directors authorized the Company to repurchase $1.5 billion of its common stock. The Company executed $1.25 billion of these share repurchases in 2018, with the remaining $0.25 billion completed in the first quarter of 2019. In 2019, the Company's board of directors authorized the Company to repurchase an additional $1.25 billion of its common stock. The Company executed $1.194 billion of these share repurchases in 2019 and completed the remaining $56 million under the 2019 authorization by February 27, 2020. The remaining repurchases in 2020 were made under the long-term capital allocation policy discussed above. The following table summarizes the shares repurchases made during the years 2018, 2019 and 2020:
| Total number of shares and share equivalents purchased | Average price paid per share and share equivalent | Amounts paid for shares and share equivalents purchased (in millions)
2018 repurchases: |  |  |
Shares repurchased under May 24, 2018 Accelerated Repurchase Agreement | 10,829,903 |  |  | 354 |
Shares repurchased under September 5, 2018 Accelerated Repurchase Agreement | 13,307,130 |  |  | 500 |
Other repurchases | 11,097,631 |  |  | 396 |
Total Share Repurchases during 2018 | 35,234,664 |  | $ | 35.48 |  | $ | 1,250 |
2019 repurchases: |  |  |
Repurchases under February 28, 2019 Accelerated Share Repurchase Agreement | 9,438,671 |  |  | 400 |
Other repurchases | 26,863,211 |  |  | 1,008 |
Equivalent shares purchased in lieu of tax withholdings on equity compensation issuances(a) | 936,928 |  |  | 36 |
Total Share Repurchases during 2019 | 37,238,810 |  | $ | 38.79 |  | $ | 1,444 |
2020 repurchases: |  |  |
Repurchases | 6,062,783 |  |  | 197 |
Equivalent shares purchased in lieu of tax withholdings on equity compensation issuances(a) | 711,248 |  |  | 27 |
Total Share Repurchases during 2020 | 6,774,031 |  | $ | 33.05 |  | $ | 224 |
(a)NRG elected to pay cash for tax withholding on equity awards instead of issuing actual shares to management. The average price per equivalent shares withheld was $38.23 and $38.78 in 2020 and 2019, respectively. See Note 22, Stock-Based Compensation, for further discussion of the equity awards

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