
(in millions)	Texas		East		West/Services/Other		Vivint Smart Home		Total
Balance as of January 1, 2022	$	716	$	853	$	226	$	—	$	1,795

Impairment losses	—		(130)		—		—		(130)
Asset sales	(6)		—		—		—		(6)
Foreign currency translation	—		—		(9)		—		(9)
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	710	$	723	$	217	$	—	$	1,650
Goodwill resulted from the acquisition of Vivint	—		—		—		3,494		3,494

Asset sales	(67)		(2)		—		—		(69)
Foreign currency translation	—		—		4		—		4
Balance as of December 31, 2023	$	643	$	721	$	221	$	3,494	$	5,079

The Company's intangible assets as of December 31, 2023, primarily reflect intangible assets established with the acquisitions of various companies, including Vivint Smart Home, Direct Energy, Stream Energy, other retail acquisitions and Texas Genco. Intangible assets are comprised of the following:

•Emission Allowances — These intangibles primarily consist of SO2 emission allowances, including those established with the 2006 acquisition of Texas Genco, RGGI emission credits and California carbon allowances. These emission allowances are held-for-use and are amortized to cost of operations based on units of production.

•Customer and supply contracts — These intangibles include the fair value at the acquisition date of in-market and out-of-market customer and supply contracts from the acquisition of Direct Energy and are amortized to revenue and cost of operations, respectively, based upon the fair market value, as of the acquisition date, for each delivery month.

•Customer relationships — These intangibles represent the fair value at the acquisition date of acquired businesses' customer base from the acquisition of Vivint, Direct Energy and other acquisitions. Customer relationships are amortized to depreciation and amortization expense based on the expected discounted future net cash flows by year.

•Marketing partnerships — These intangibles represent the fair value at the acquisition date of existing agreements with marketing vendors and loyalty and affinity partners for customer acquisition. Marketing partnerships are amortized to depreciation and amortization expense based on the expected discounted future net cash flows by year.

•Technology — These intangibles represent the fair value at the acquisition date of developed technology for Vivint Smart Home integrated software and products. Technology is amortized to depreciation and amortization expense, ratably based on the expected discounted future net cash flows by year.

•Other — These intangibles primarily include renewable energy credits. RECs are retired, as required, for the applicable compliance period. RECs are expensed to cost of operations based on NRG’s customer usage. Other also included in-market nuclear fuel contracts established from the Texas Genco acquisition in 2006 which were amortized to cost of operations over expected volumes over the life of each contract, costs to extend the operating license for STP Units 1 and 2 and intellectual property related to Goal Zero, which is amortized to depreciation and amortization expense.


(In millions)
Year Ended December 31, 2023	Emission Allowances		Customer and Supply Contracts		Customer Relationships		Marketing Partnerships		Technology		Trade Names		Other(a)		Total
January 1, 2023	$	624	$	635	$	1,730	$	284	$	—	$	679	$	292	$	4,244
Purchases	10		—		—		—		—		—		465		475
Acquisition of businesses(b)	—		—		1,773		10		860		160		—		2,803
Usage/Sales/Retirements	—		—		—		—		—		—		(474)		(474)
Write-off of fully amortized balances	(1)		(28)		(43)		—		—		—		—		(72)
Sale of STP(c)	—		—		—		—		—		—		(59)		(59)

Other	(5)		2		4		1		—		2		—		4
December 31, 2023	628		609		3,464		295		860		841		224		6,921
Less accumulated amortization	(533)		(328)		(1,300)		(170)		(230)		(401)		(32)		(2,994)
Net carrying amount	$	95	$	281	$	2,164	$	125	$	630	$	440	$	192	$	3,927

(b)The weighted average amortization period for total amortizable intangible assets is approximately 10 years. See Note 4, Acquisitions and Dispositions, for weighted average life of acquired amortizable intangibles for each intangible asset type


(In millions)
Year Ended December 31, 2022	Emission Allowances		Customer and Supply Contracts		Customer Relationships		Marketing Partnerships		Trade Names		Other(a)		Total
January 1, 2022	$	634	$	638	$	1,679	$	284	$	683	$	229	$	4,147
Purchases	26		—		—		—		—		404		430
Acquisition of businesses(b)	—		—		55		—		—		—		55
Usage/Retirements	(33)		—		—		—		—		(341)		(374)
Write-off of fully amortized balances	(14)		—		—		—		—		—		(14)

Other	11		(3)		(4)		—		(4)		—		—
December 31, 2022	624		635		1,730		284		679		292		4,244
Less accumulated amortization	(528)		(235)		(787)		(146)		(341)		(75)		(2,112)
Net carrying amount	$	96	$	400	$	943	$	138	$	338	$	217	$	2,132


	Years Ended December 31,
(In millions)	2023		2022		2021
Emission allowances	$	6	$	6	$	24
Customer and supply contracts	121		141		66
Customer relationships	556		269		327
Marketing partnerships	24		23		24
Technology	230		—		—
Trade names	60		47		47
Other(a)	4		4		7
Total amortization	$	1,001	$	490	$	495

(a)For the year ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, other intangibles amortized to depreciation and amortization expense were de minimis, $4 million and $3 million, respectively


(In millions)
Year Ended December 31,	Emission Allowances		Customer and Supply Contracts		Customer Relationships		Marketing Partnerships		Technology		Trade Names		Other		Total
2024	$	17	$	73	$	478	$	24	$	227	$	54	$	3	$	876
2025	14		50		371		23		176		47		3		684
2026	9		52		300		23		130		39		3		556
2027	8		30		233		23		89		39		3		425
2028	9		13		189		15		9		39		2		276

Intangible assets held-for-sale — From time to time, management may authorize the transfer from the Company's emission bank of emission allowances held-for-use to intangible assets held-for-sale. Emission allowances held-for-sale are included in other non-current assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheet and are not amortized, but rather expensed as sold. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the value of emission allowances held-for-sale was $4 million and $8 million, respectively, within the Corporate segment. Once transferred to held-for-sale, these emission allowances are prohibited from moving back to held-for-use.