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INCOME TAXES
 12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES INCOME TAXES
The components of income before provision for income taxes were as follows (in thousands):
 Year ended June 30,
 202320222021
Domestic$102,930 $102,145 $225,224 
Foreign383,412 342,304 502,430 
$486,342 $444,449 $727,654 
The provision for income taxes consisted of the following (in thousands):
 Year ended June 30,
 202320222021
Current
Federal$78,774 $55,259 $93,639 
State9,443 6,814 14,390 
Foreign7,341 5,561 3,715 
Current tax expense95,558 67,634 111,744 
Deferred
Federal(15,338)(882)(1,465)
State(1,745)(960)791 
Foreign226 — — 
Deferred tax benefit (expense)(16,857)(1,842)(674)
Provision for income taxes$78,701 $65,792 $111,070 

For tax years beginning after December 31, 2021, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 ("TCJA") eliminates the right to deduct research and development expenditures for tax purposes in the period the expenses were incurred and instead requires all U.S. and foreign research and development expenditures to be amortized over five and fifteen tax years, respectively. Congress has considered legislation that would defer the amortization requirement to later years, but as of June 30, 2023, the requirement has not been modified. Accordingly, we have capitalized our research and development expenses for tax purposes, resulting in higher cash paid for taxes as compared to prior years.

The reconciliation of federal statutory income tax to the Company’s provision for income taxes is as follows:
 Year ended June 30,
 202320222021
Statutory rate21.0 %21.0 %21.0 %
Effect of foreign operations(6.8)(8.0)(7.6)
State tax expense1.3 1.0 1.7 
Share-based compensation0.1 (0.1)— 
Subpart F income1.1 1.0 0.6 
Other permanent items(0.5)(0.1)(0.4)
Effective tax rate16.2 %14.8 %15.3 %

The Company’s effective tax rate increased 1.4% to 16.2% in fiscal 2023 from 14.8% in fiscal 2022. The Company recorded tax provisions of $78.7 million for fiscal 2023 as compared to $65.8 million for fiscal 2022. Our effective tax rate and resulting provision for income taxes for fiscal years 2023 and 2022 reflect the full impact of the TCJA, which resulted in a reduction in the U.S. statutory rate to 21% which is partially offset by a reduced tax benefit from foreign operations.
Significant components of the Company's deferred tax assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2023 are as follows (in thousands):

 June 30,
 20232022
Deferred tax assets
Reserves and allowances$11,041 $9,396 
Share-based compensation380 329 
Accrued expenses703 738 
Capitalized research expenditures15,617 — 
State tax1,504 1,260 
Investments1,296 1,086 
Lease liabilities5,581 5,873 
Other11,945 3,755 
Total deferred tax assets48,067 22,437 
Deferred tax liabilities
Property and equipment(6,558)(4,898)
Right of use assets(5,304)(5,647)
Other liabilities(11,434)(4,188)
Total deferred tax liabilities(23,296)(14,733)
Valuation allowance(1,296)(1,086)
Net deferred tax assets$23,475 $6,618 

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the unrecognized tax benefits during the years ended June 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021 consists of the following (in thousands):
 
 Year ended June 30,
 202320222021
Unrecognized benefit—beginning of year$32,685 $32,092 $31,350 
Gross increases—current year tax positions5,361 4,629 6,855 
Gross decreases—prior year tax positions due to statute lapse(5,664)(4,036)(6,113)
Unrecognized benefit—end of year$32,382 $32,685 $32,092 

As of June 30, 2023, the Company had approximately $32.4 million of unrecognized tax benefits, substantially all of which would, if recognized, affect its tax expense. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the income tax expense line in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. Accrued interest and penalties are included within the related tax liability line in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of June 30, 2023, the Company had $2.9 million accrued interest related to uncertain tax matters.

The Company and one or more of its subsidiaries, file income tax returns in the United States federal jurisdiction, and various state, local, and foreign jurisdictions and is currently undergoing income tax examinations by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) and the IRD. All material consolidated federal, state and local income tax matters have been concluded for years through 2014. The majority of the Company's foreign jurisdictions have been concluded through 2014, with the exception of Hong Kong which has been reviewed through 2009 and is currently under audit for the 2010-2017 tax years.

In July 2018, the Company received a draft Notice of Proposed Adjustment (“Draft NOPA”) from the IRS proposing an adjustment to income for the fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2016 tax years based on its interpretation of certain obligations of the non-US entities under the 2015 and 2016 credit facility. This Draft NOPA was superseded by an Acknowledgement of Facts (“AOF”) issued to the Company by the IRS on January 17, 2020. The IRS in its AOF continued to propose an adjustment to the Company’s income for its fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2016 tax years based on the IRS’ interpretation of certain obligations of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries under the Company’s credit facilities. On May 12, 2020, the IRS issued a final Notice of Proposed Adjustment to the Company with respect to the 2015/2016 tax years. The Company formally protested the adjustment and the case was moved from the Examination Division to the IRS Appeals Division where a formal review of the facts and the applicable law took place on May 9, 2022. The Appeals Officer issued a Notice of Deficiency on August 3, 2022, which upheld the position of the Examination Division. The
Company filed a petition with the United States Tax Court seeking to have the Notice of Deficiency reversed. The Company strongly believes the position of the IRS with regard to this matter is without merit. However, there can be no assurance that this matter will be resolved in the Company’s favor. Regardless of whether the matter is resolved in the Company’s favor, the final resolution of this matter could be expensive and time-consuming to defend and/or settle. We estimate the incremental tax liability associated with the income adjustment proposed in the AOF would be approximately $50.0 million, excluding potential interest and penalties, after adjusting for the impact of an adjustment on the amount of transition tax payable in future years by the Company. As the Company believes that the tax originally paid in fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2016 is correct and that this matter will more likely than not be sustained based on its technical merits, it has not provided a reserve for this tax uncertainty. However, an adverse outcome may have a material and adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition.

During fiscal years 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company made a total of $3.0 million, $21.9 million, $15.5 million, $13.4 million, and $6.6 million, respectively, of deposits with the Hong Kong IRD in connection with extending the statute of limitation for income tax examinations currently under audit for 2010-2016 tax years. On March 30, 2023, the Company received notification that the Hong Kong IRD is seeking an additional $0.3 million deposit covering the 2017 tax year. The Company filed a formal protest in response to this notice and the Assessor's office agreed to a reduced deposit of under $0.1 million, which was remitted on May 18, 2023. The refundable deposits are included within other long-term assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The IRD is examining the Company’s claims that its revenue is generated through activities performed wholly outside of the Hong Kong tax jurisdiction and are therefore exempt from Hong Kong tax. The Company is fully cooperating with the examination including submitting documentation in support of its position. The Company continues to believe that its tax positions filed with IRD are more likely than not to be sustained based on their technical merits and therefore no reserve has been provided for this tax uncertainty and we expect the $60.1 million (net of foreign currency impact) of deposits made with IRD to be refunded upon completion of the audit. However, there can be no assurance that this matter will be resolved in the Company’s favor and therefore it's possible that an adverse outcome of the matter could have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition.