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Fair Value Measurements
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2022
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements Fair Value Measurements
The following tables summarize, by level within the fair value hierarchy, the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of our assets and liabilities (i) measured at fair value on a recurring basis, (ii) measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, or (iii) disclosed but not carried at fair value in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets as of the dates presented:
June 30, 2022
Fair Value
Carrying ValueLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents(1)
$707,302 $707,302 $— $— $707,302 
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents(1)
291,631 291,631 — — 291,631 
Investments in AFS debt securities(2)(4)
197,933 137,388 60,545 — 197,933 
Loans at fair value(2)
7,959,382 — — 7,959,382 7,959,382 
Loans at amortized cost(1)
253,112 — — 264,348 264,348 
Servicing rights(2)
176,964 — — 176,964 176,964 
Asset-backed bonds(2)(5)
193,739 — 193,739 — 193,739 
Residual investments(2)(5)
94,978 — — 94,978 94,978 
Non-securitization investments – other(3)
22,780 — — 22,780 22,780 
Third party warrants(2)(6)
766 — — 766 766 
Derivative assets(2)(7)(8)
2,243 2,243 — — 2,243 
Purchase price earn-out(2)(9)
625 — — 625 625 
IRLCs(2)(10)
1,120 — — 1,120 1,120 
Interest rate caps(2)(8)
3,987 — 3,987 — 3,987 
Digital assets safeguarding asset(2)(11)
112,010 — 112,010 — 112,010 
Total assets
$10,018,572 $1,138,564 $370,281 $8,520,963 $10,029,808 
Liabilities
Time deposits(1)
$18,474 $— $18,455 $— $18,455 
Debt(1)
3,723,561 783,600 2,556,006 — 3,339,606 
Residual interests classified as debt(2)
54,436 — — 54,436 54,436 
Derivative liabilities(2)(7)(8)
25,716 259 25,457 — 25,716 
Student loan commitments(2)(10)
254 — — 254 254 
Digital assets safeguarding liability(2)(11)
112,010 — 112,010 — 112,010 
Total liabilities$3,934,451 $783,859 $2,711,928 $54,690 $3,550,477 
    
December 31, 2021
Fair Value
Carrying ValueLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents(1)
$494,711 $494,711 $— $— $494,711 
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents(1)
273,726 273,726 — — 273,726 
Investments in AFS debt securities(2)(4)
194,907 129,835 65,072 — 194,907 
Loans at fair value(2)
5,952,972 — — 5,952,972 5,952,972 
Loans at amortized cost(1)
115,912 — — 118,412 118,412 
Servicing rights(2)
168,259 — — 168,259 168,259 
Asset-backed bonds(2)(5)
253,669 — 253,669 — 253,669 
Residual investments(2)(5)
121,019 — — 121,019 121,019 
Non-securitization investments – ETFs(2)
1,486 1,486 — — 1,486 
Non-securitization investments – other(3)
6,054 — — 6,054 6,054 
Third party warrants(2)(6)
1,369 — — 1,369 1,369 
Derivative assets(2)(7)(8)
5,444 — 5,444 — 5,444 
Purchase price earn-out(2)(9)
4,272 — — 4,272 4,272 
IRLCs(2)(10)
3,759 — — 3,759 3,759 
Student loan commitments(2)(10)
2,220 — — 2,220 2,220 
Interest rate caps(2)(8)
493 — 493 — 493 
Total assets
$7,600,272 $899,758 $324,678 $6,378,336 $7,602,772 
Liabilities
Debt(1)
$3,947,983 $1,240,560 $2,807,253 $— $4,047,813 
Residual interests classified as debt(2)
93,682 — — 93,682 93,682 
Derivative liabilities(2)(7)(8)
864 196 668 — 864 
Total liabilities
$4,042,529 $1,240,756 $2,807,921 $93,682 $4,142,359 
_____________________
(1)Disclosed but not carried at fair value. The carrying value of our debt is net of unamortized discounts and debt issuance costs. The fair value of our convertible notes issued in October 2021 was classified as Level 1, as it was based on an observable market quote. The fair values of our warehouse facility debt, revolving credit facility debt and credit card loans were based on market factors and credit factors specific to these financial instruments. The fair value of our securitization debt was valued using a discounted cash flow model, with key inputs relating to the underlying contractual coupons, terms, discount rate and expectations for defaults and prepayments. The fair value of our commercial and consumer banking loans was determined using a discounted cash flow model with key inputs relating to the underlying contractual coupons, terms, discount rate and expectations for defaults. The carrying amounts of our cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents approximate their fair values due to the short-term maturities and highly liquid nature of these accounts. The fair value of our time-based deposits is estimated by a discounted cash flow method using rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities.
(2)Measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
(3)Measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.
(4)Investments in AFS debt securities were classified as Level 1 or Level 2. The Level 1 investments utilize quoted prices in actively traded markets. The Level 2 investments rely upon observable inputs other than quoted prices, dealer quotes in markets that are not active and implied pricing derived from new issuances of similar securities. See Note 3 for additional information.
(5)These assets represent the carrying value of our holdings in VIEs wherein we were not deemed the primary beneficiary. As we do not provide financial support beyond our initial equity investment, our maximum exposure to loss as a result of our involvement with nonconsolidated VIEs is limited to the investment amount. See Note 5 for additional information.
(6)The key unobservable assumption used in the fair value measurement of the third party warrants is the price of the stock underlying the warrants. The fair value is measured as the difference between the stock price and the strike price of the warrants. As the strike price is insignificant, we concluded that the impact of time value on the fair value measure was immaterial.
(7)For certain derivative instruments for which an enforceable master netting agreement exists, we elected to net derivative assets and derivative liabilities by counterparty. These instruments are presented on a gross basis herein. See Note 1 for additional information.
(8)Derivative liabilities classified as Level 1 are based on broker quotes in active markets and represent economic hedges of either loans or securitization investment fair values. Interest rate swaps and interest rate caps are classified as Level 2, because these financial instruments do not trade in active markets with observable prices, but rely on observable inputs other than quoted prices. As of June 30, 2022, interest rate swaps and interest rate caps were valued using the overnight Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) curve and the implied volatilities suggested by the SOFR rate curve. As of December 31, 2021, interest rate swaps were valued using the three-month LIBOR swap yield curve. These were determined to be observable inputs from active markets.
(9)The purchase price earn-out provision is classified as Level 3 because of our reliance on unobservable inputs, such as conditional prepayment rates, annual default rates and discount rates.
(10)IRLCs and student loan commitments are classified as Level 3 because of our reliance on assumed loan funding probabilities. The assumed probabilities are based on our internal historical experience with home loans and student loans similar to those in the funding pipelines on the measurement date.
(11)The digital assets safeguarding liability and corresponding safeguarding asset are classified as Level 2, because they do not trade in active markets, and are valued using quoted prices on an active exchange that has been identified as the principal market for the underlying digital assets that are being held by our third-party custodians for the benefit of our members.

Loans
The following key unobservable assumptions were used in the fair value measurement of our loans as of the dates indicated:
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
RangeWeighted AverageRangeWeighted Average
Student loans
Conditional prepayment rate
16.9% – 25.3%
20.2%
16.5% – 26.3%
19.2%
Annual default rate
0.2% – 4.4%
0.4%
0.2% – 4.2%
0.4%
Discount rate
3.2% – 8.0%
3.6%
1.9% – 7.1%
2.9%
Home loans
Conditional prepayment rate
2.5% – 7.9%
7.3%
4.8% – 16.4%
12.4%
Annual default rate
0.1% – 0.4%
0.1%
0.1% – 0.2%
0.1%
Discount rate
4.5% – 13.0%
4.8%
2.5% – 13.0%
2.6%
Personal loans
Conditional prepayment rate
16.1% – 43.8%
19.1%
18.4% – 37.7%
20.5%
Annual default rate
4.3% – 35.1%
4.6%
4.2% – 30.0%
4.4%
Discount rate
5.1% – 9.4%
5.4%
3.9% – 7.0%
4.0%
The key assumptions included in the above table are defined as follows:
•Conditional prepayment rate — The monthly annualized proportion of the principal of a pool of loans that is assumed to be paid off prematurely in each period. An increase in the conditional prepayment rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
•Annual default rate — The annualized rate of borrowers who do not make loan payments on time. An increase in the annual default rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
•Discount rate — The weighted average rate at which the expected cash flows are discounted to arrive at the net present value of the loans. An increase in the discount rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
See Note 4 for additional loan fair value disclosures.
Servicing Rights
Servicing rights for student loans and personal loans do not trade in an active market with readily observable prices. Similarly, home loan servicing rights infrequently trade in an active market. At the time of the underlying loan sale or the assumption of servicing rights, the fair value of servicing rights is determined using a discounted cash flow methodology based on observable and unobservable inputs. Management classifies servicing rights as Level 3 due to the use of significant unobservable inputs in the fair value measurement.
The following key unobservable inputs were used in the fair value measurement of our classes of servicing rights as of the dates presented:
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
RangeWeighted AverageRange
Weighted Average
Student loans
Market servicing costs
0.1% – 0.2%
0.1%
0.1% – 0.2%
0.1%
Conditional prepayment rate
15.1% – 23.3%
19.1%
15.2% – 25.6%
20.4%
Annual default rate
0.2% – 4.3%
0.4%
0.2% – 4.3%
0.4%
Discount rate
7.3% – 7.3%
7.3%
7.3% – 7.3%
7.3%
Home loans
Market servicing costs
0.1% – 0.1%
0.1%
0.1% – 0.1%
0.1%
Conditional prepayment rate
5.0% – 11.2%
5.2%
10.0% – 16.4%
11.5%
Annual default rate
0.1% – 0.1%
0.1%
0.1% – 0.2%
0.1%
Discount rate
8.0% – 8.0%
8.0%
7.5% – 7.5%
7.5%
Personal loans
Market servicing costs
0.2% – 1.3%
0.3%
0.2% – 1.1%
0.2%
Conditional prepayment rate
17.0% – 44.0%
25.1%
22.5% – 41.4%
26.0%
Annual default rate
3.3% – 7.0%
4.5%
3.2% – 7.0%
4.4%
Discount rate
7.3% – 7.3%
7.3%
7.3% – 7.3%
7.3%
    
The key assumptions included in the above table are defined as follows:
•Market servicing costs — The fee a willing market participant, which we validate through actual third-party bids for our servicing, would require for the servicing of student loans, home loans and personal loans with similar characteristics as those in our serviced portfolio. An increase in the market servicing cost, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
•Conditional prepayment rate — The monthly annualized proportion of the principal of a pool of loans that is assumed to be paid off prematurely in each period. An increase in the conditional prepayment rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
•Annual default rate — The annualized rate of default within the total serviced loan balance. An increase in the annual default rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
•Discount rate — The weighted average rate at which the expected cash flows are discounted to arrive at the net present value of the servicing rights. An increase in the discount rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
The following table presents the estimated decrease to the fair value of our servicing rights as of the dates indicated if the key assumptions had each of the below adverse changes:
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Market servicing costs
2.5 basis points increase
$(11,074)$(10,822)
5.0 basis points increase
(22,191)(21,644)
Conditional prepayment rate
10% increase
$(5,442)$(6,260)
20% increase
(10,780)(12,031)
Annual default rate
10% increase
$(215)$(205)
20% increase
(428)(408)
Discount rate
100 basis points increase
$(4,810)$(3,782)
200 basis points increase
(9,408)(7,349)

The sensitivity calculations above are hypothetical and should not be considered to be predictive of future performance. The effect on fair value of a variation in assumptions generally cannot be determined because the relationship of the change in assumptions to the fair value may not be linear. Additionally, the effect of an adverse variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of our servicing rights is calculated while holding the other assumptions constant. In reality, changes in one factor may lead to changes in other factors, which could impact the above hypothetical effects.
The following table presents the changes in the Company’s servicing rights, which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Student LoansHome LoansPersonal LoansTotal
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Fair value as of March 31, 2022$85,957 $59,585 $27,963 $173,505 
Recognition of servicing from transfers of financial assets2,991 4,482 7,659 15,132 
Servicing rights assumed from third parties— — 1,317 1,317 
Derecognition of servicing via loan purchases
(31)— (146)(177)
Change in valuation inputs or other assumptions5,707 1,202 2,189 9,098 
Realization of expected cash flows and other changes
(9,705)(3,103)(9,103)(21,911)
Fair value as of June 30, 2022$84,919 $62,166 $29,879 $176,964 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Fair value as of March 31, 2021$106,338 $32,038 $22,864 $161,240 
Recognition of servicing from transfers of financial assets
6,110 9,367 6,316 21,793 
Derecognition of servicing via loan purchases
(392)— (188)(580)
Change in valuation inputs or other assumptions
(387)(1,783)1,946 (224)
Realization of expected cash flows and other changes
(12,068)(2,065)(8,329)(22,462)
Fair value as of June 30, 2021$99,601 $37,557 $22,609 $159,767 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Fair value as of January 1, 2022$90,003 $50,533 $27,723 $168,259 
Recognition of servicing from transfers of financial assets8,815 8,720 14,083 31,618 
Servicing rights assumed from third parties— — 1,946 1,946 
Derecognition of servicing via loan purchases
(1,072)— (515)(1,587)
Change in valuation inputs or other assumptions6,999 8,942 4,737 20,678 
Realization of expected cash flows and other changes
(19,826)(6,029)(18,095)(43,950)
Fair value as of June 30, 2022$84,919 $62,166 $29,879 $176,964 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Fair value as of January 1, 2021$100,637 $23,914 $25,046 $149,597 
Recognition of servicing from transfers of financial assets
39,699 15,906 12,319 67,924 
Derecognition of servicing via loan purchases
(392)— (188)(580)
Change in valuation inputs or other assumptions
(16,115)1,546 2,236 (12,333)
Realization of expected cash flows and other changes
(24,228)(3,809)(16,804)(44,841)
Fair value as of June 30, 2021$99,601 $37,557 $22,609 $159,767 
Asset-Backed Bonds
The fair value of asset-backed bonds is determined using a discounted cash flow methodology. Management classifies asset-backed bonds as Level 2 due to the use of quoted prices for similar assets in markets that are not active, as well as certain factors specific to us. The following key inputs were used in the fair value measurement of our asset-backed bonds as of the dates indicated:
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Discount rate (range)
1.6% – 5.0%
0.6% – 3.7%
Conditional prepayment rate (range)
19.4% – 33.0%
19.5% – 32.2%
As of the dates indicated, the fair value of our asset-backed bonds was not materially impacted by default assumptions on the underlying securitization loans, as the subordinate residual interests are expected to absorb all estimated losses based on our default assumptions for the respective periods.
Residual Investments and Residual Interests Classified as Debt
Residual investments and residual interests classified as debt do not trade in active markets with readily observable prices, and there is limited observable market data for reference. The fair values of residual investments and residual interests classified as debt are determined using a discounted cash flow methodology. Management classifies residual investments and residual interests classified as debt as Level 3 due to the use of significant unobservable inputs in the fair value measurements.
The following key unobservable inputs were used in the fair value measurements of our residual investments and residual interests classified as debt as of the dates indicated:
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
RangeWeighted AverageRange
Weighted Average
Residual investments
Conditional prepayment rate
19.2% – 35.6%
21.6%
19.5% – 33.6%
23.0%
Annual default rate
0.3% – 5.3%
0.9%
0.3% – 5.7%
0.9%
Discount rate
3.9% – 10.5%
5.4%
2.6% – 10.5%
4.4%
Residual interests classified as debt
Conditional prepayment rate
19.1% – 50.7%
30.2%
20.0% – 41.8%
31.5%
Annual default rate
0.5% – 5.8%
2.7%
0.5% – 5.6%
3.2%
Discount rate
6.0% – 9.5%
6.4%
5.0% – 9.5%
5.7%
The key assumptions included in the above table are defined as follows:
•Conditional prepayment rate — The monthly annualized proportion of the principal of a pool of loans that is assumed to be paid off prematurely in each period for the pool of loans in the securitization. An increase in the conditional prepayment rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
•Annual default rate — The annualized rate of borrowers who fail to remain current on their loans for the pool of loans in the securitization. An increase in the annual default rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
•Discount rate — The weighted average rate at which the expected cash flows are discounted to arrive at the net present value of the residual investments and residual interests classified as debt. An increase in the discount rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
The following table presents the changes in the residual investments and residual interests classified as debt, which are both measured at fair value on a recurring basis. We record changes in fair value within noninterest income—securitizations in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), a portion of which is subsequently reclassified to interest expense—securitizations and warehouses for residual interests classified as debt and to interest income—securitizations for residual investments, but does not impact the liability or asset balance, respectively.
Residual Investments
Residual Interests Classified as Debt
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Fair value as of March 31, 2022$106,677 $70,532 
Change in valuation inputs or other assumptions(1)
290 2,662 
Payments(11,989)(18,758)
Fair value as of June 30, 2022$94,978 $54,436 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Fair value as of March 31, 2021$150,961 $114,882 
Additions11,787 2,170 
Change in valuation inputs or other assumptions(1)
3,355 5,717 
Payments(23,003)(10,224)
Fair value as of June 30, 2021$143,100 $112,545 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Fair value as of January 1, 2022
$121,019 $93,682 
Change in valuation inputs or other assumptions(1)
1,052 5,625 
Payments(2)
(27,093)(44,871)
Fair value as of June 30, 2022$94,978 $54,436 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Fair value as of January 1, 2021$139,524 $118,298 
Additions
38,168 2,170 
Change in valuation inputs or other assumptions(1)
6,852 13,668 
Payments(2)
(41,444)(21,591)
Fair value as of June 30, 2021$143,100 $112,545 
___________________
(1)For residual investments, the estimated amounts of gains and losses included in earnings attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk were immaterial during the periods presented.
(2)Payments of residual investments included residual investment sales of $220 and $220 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively, and $2,676 and $2,676 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively.
Loan Commitments
We classify student loan commitments as Level 3 because the assets do not trade in an active market with readily observable prices and, as such, our valuations utilize significant unobservable inputs. Additionally, we classify IRLCs as Level 3, as our IRLCs are inherently uncertain and unobservable given that a home loan origination is contingent on a plethora of factors. The following key unobservable inputs were used in the fair value measurements of our IRLCs and student loan commitments as of the dates indicated:
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
RangeWeighted AverageRange
Weighted Average
IRLCs
Loan funding probability(1)
26.0% – 56.0%
53.9%
75.0% – 75.0%
75.0%
Student loan commitments
Loan funding probability(1)
95.0% – 95.0%
95.0%
95.0% – 95.0%
95.0%
___________________
(1)The probability of honoring IRLCs and student loan commitments, which reflects the percentage likelihood that an approved loan application will close based on historical experience. A significant difference between the actual funded rate and the assumed funded rate at the measurement date could result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement of our IRLCs and student loan commitments. The aggregate amount of student loans we committed to fund was $34,668 as of June 30, 2022. See Note 1 under “Derivative Financial Instruments” for the aggregate notional amount associated with IRLCs.
The key assumption included in the above table is defined as follows:
•Loan funding probability — Our expectation of the percentage of IRLCs or student loan commitments which will become funded loans. An increase in the loan funding probabilities, in isolation, would result in an increase in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumptions were weighted based on relative fair values.
The following table presents the changes in our IRLCs and student loan commitments, which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Changes in the fair values of IRLCs and student loan commitments are recorded within noninterest income—loan origination and sales in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
IRLCsStudent Loan Commitments
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Fair value as of March 31, 2022$(3,039)$23 
Revaluation adjustments
1,120 (254)
Funded loans(1)
1,636 (19)
Unfunded loans(1)
1,403 (4)
Fair value as of June 30, 2022$1,120 $(254)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Fair value as of March 31, 2021$7,118 $— 
Revaluation adjustments
7,760 — 
Funded loans(1)
(5,275)— 
Unfunded loans(1)
(1,843)— 
Fair value as of June 30, 2021$7,760 $— 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Fair value as of January 1, 2022$3,759 $2,220 
Revaluation adjustments
(1,919)(231)
Funded loans(1)
(565)(2,140)
Unfunded loans(1)
(155)(103)
Fair value as of June 30, 2022$1,120 $(254)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Fair value as of January 1, 2021$15,620 $— 
Revaluation adjustments
14,878 — 
Funded loans(1)
(15,485)— 
Unfunded loans(1)
(7,253)— 
Fair value as of June 30, 2021$7,760 $— 
___________________
(1)For each quarter presented, funded and unfunded loan fair value adjustments represent the unpaid principal balance of funded and unfunded loans, respectively, during the quarter multiplied by the IRLC or student loan commitment price in effect at the beginning of the quarter. For the year-to-date periods presented, amounts represent the summation of the per-quarter effects.
Non-Securitization Investments
Non-securitization investments — Other of $22,780 and $6,054 as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, include investments for which fair values are not readily determinable, which we elect to measure using the measurement alternative method of accounting. The fair value measurements are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy due to the use of unobservable inputs in the fair value measurements. Adjustments to the carrying value, such as impairments and unrealized gains, are recognized within noninterest income—other in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
In the first quarter of 2022, we measured a former equity method investment under the measurement alternative method, which primarily drove the increase in the balance from year end. The fair value of this investment was $19,739 as of June 30, 2022.
In the second quarter of 2022, we wrote off an investment with a carrying value of $2,168 for a loss, which reflected the impact of observable market changes. We had previously recognized a gain of $3,967 on this investment during the second quarter of 2021, which reflected a value based on the investee’s latest round of financing in an orderly transaction in an issuance similar to our investment holding. In that same quarter in 2021, we sold a portion of our investment for $2,000 at the same valuation.
We also had another investment with a fair value of $2,000 as of both June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. We did not make any adjustments to the investment value through June 30, 2022.
Purchase Price Earn-Out
We recognize a derivative asset for a purchase price earn-out in conjunction with a loan sale agreement we entered in 2018. We receive a capped contractual payout based on the respective loan pool internal rate of return over a certain hurdle rate, which is adjusted for the loan purchaser’s expenses, which are generally immaterial.
The fair value of the purchase price earn-out is determined using a discounted cash flow methodology. Management classifies the purchase price earn-out as Level 3 due to the use of significant unobservable inputs in the fair value measurement. A significant difference between the expected performance of the loans included in the loan sale agreement and the actual results as of the measurement date could result in a higher or lower fair value measurement. Our key valuation inputs were as follows as of the dates indicated:
Purchase Price Earn-OutJune 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Conditional prepayment rate22.7%22.9%
Annual default rate35.6%30.0%
Discount rate25.0%25.0%

The key assumptions included in the above table are defined as follows:
•Conditional prepayment rate — The monthly annualized proportion of the principal of the pool of loans included in the loan sale agreement that is assumed to be paid off prematurely. An increase in the conditional prepayment rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement.
•Annual default rate — The annualized rate of borrowers who fail to remain current on their loans for the pool of loans included in the loan sale agreement. An increase in the annual default rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement.
•Discount rate — The weighted average rate at which the expected cash flows are discounted to arrive at the net present value of the purchase price earn-out derivative. An increase in the discount rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement.
The following table presents the changes in our purchase price earn-out, which is measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Changes in the fair value are recorded within noninterest income—other in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Changes during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 were immaterial.
Purchase Price Earn-Out
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Fair value as of March 31, 2022$2,285 
Payments (1,872)
Changes in valuation inputs or assumptions(1)
212 
Fair value as of June 30, 2022$625 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Fair value as of January 1, 2022$4,272 
Payments (4,689)
Changes in valuation inputs or assumptions(1)
1,042 
Fair value as of June 30, 2022$625 
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(1)The estimated amount of losses included in earnings attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk were immaterial during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022. The losses attributable to instrument-specific credit risk were estimated by incorporating our current default and loss severity assumptions for the purchase price earn-out. These assumptions are based on historical performance and performance expectations over the term of the underlying instrument.
Safeguarding Assets and Liabilities
The following table presents the significant digital assets held by our third-party custodians on behalf of our members as of the date indicated:
June 30, 2022
Bitcoin (BTC)$48,143 
Ethereum (ETH)34,135 
Cardano (ADA)8,383 
Dogecoin (DOGE)4,182 
Solana (SOL)3,778 
Ethereum Classic (ETC)2,289 
All other(1)
11,100 
Digital assets safeguarding liability and corresponding safeguarding asset$112,010 
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(1)Includes 25 digital assets, none of which was determined to be individually significant.