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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Schedule of New Accounting Pronouncements and Changes in Accounting Principles
The following table presents certain components of our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 as reported and as if we had not adopted ASU 2014-09 on January 1, 2018:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2018
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2018
 
As Reported
 
If ASU 2014-09 was not adopted
 
As Reported
 
If ASU 2014-09 was not adopted
Revenues
$
1,060,991

 
$
1,059,319

 
$
3,164,272

 
$
3,158,191

Operating Income
$
195,746

 
$
193,578

 
$
563,664

 
$
560,561

Income from Continuing Operations
$
78,628

 
$
76,462

 
$
218,145

 
$
215,044

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Per Share Income from Continuing Operations - Basic
$
0.28

 
$
0.27

 
$
0.76

 
$
0.75

Per Share Income from Continuing Operations - Diluted
$
0.27

 
$
0.27

 
$
0.76

 
$
0.75

The Contract Fulfillment Costs recorded as a result of the adoption of ASU 2014-09 as of January 1, 2018 and September 30, 2018 are as follows:
 
 
 
 
January 1, 2018 (Date of Adoption of
ASU 2014-09)
 
 
September 30, 2018
Description
 
Location in Balance Sheet
 
Gross Carrying Amount
 
Accumulated Amortization
 
Net Carrying Amount
 
 
Gross Carrying Amount
 
Accumulated Amortization
 
Net Carrying Amount
Intake Costs asset
 
Other (within Other Assets, Net)
 
$
31,604

 
$
(14,954
)
 
$
16,650

 
 
$
37,605

 
$
(22,185
)
 
$
15,420

Commissions asset
 
Other (within Other Assets, Net)
 
42,072

 
(21,173
)
 
20,899

 
 
53,877

 
(31,386
)
 
22,491

Deferred revenue liabilities associated with billed Intake Costs recorded as a result of the adoption of ASU 2014-09 as of January 1, 2018 and September 30, 2018 are as follows:
Description
 
Location in Balance Sheet
 
January 1, 2018 (Date of Adoption of ASU 2014-09)
 
September 30, 2018
Deferred revenue - Current
 
Deferred revenue
 
$
9,671

 
$
9,510

Deferred revenue - Long-term
 
Other Long-term Liabilities
 
9,877

 
7,590

Schedule of amortization expense associated with commissions asset and Intake Costs
Amortization expense associated with the Intake Costs asset and commissions asset for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 are as follows:
 
Three Month Ended September 30, 2018
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Intake Costs asset
$
2,294
 
 
$
7,915
 
Commissions asset
3,053
 
 
10,433
 
Schedule of changes in the carrying value of goodwill attributable to each reportable operating segment
The changes in the carrying value of goodwill attributable to each reportable operating segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 are as follows:
 
North American
Records and Information
Management
Business
 
North American
Data
Management
Business
 
Western
European Business
 
Other International Business
 
Global Data Center Business
 
Corporate and Other Business
 
Total
Consolidated
Gross Balance as of December 31, 2017
$
2,474,829

 
$
551,726

 
$
453,537

 
$
846,721

 
$

 
$
60,048

 
$
4,386,861

Deductible goodwill acquired during the year

 

 

 

 

 
7,345

 
7,345

Non-deductible goodwill acquired during the year

 

 

 
19,340

 
455,434

 

 
474,774

Goodwill allocated to IMFS Divestment (see Note 10)
(1,202
)
 

 

 

 

 

 
(1,202
)
Fair value and other adjustments(1)
(373
)
 

 

 
4,180

 

 
3,324

 
7,131

Currency effects
(5,611
)
 
(1,545
)
 
(13,175
)
 
(57,979
)
 
(1,105
)
 
(740
)
 
(80,155
)
Gross Balance as of September 30, 2018
$
2,467,643

 
$
550,181

 
$
440,362

 
$
812,262

 
$
454,329

 
$
69,977

 
$
4,794,754

Accumulated Amortization Balance as of December 31, 2017
$
205,383

 
$
53,875

 
$
57,048


$
288

 
$

 
$

 
$
316,594

Currency effects
(200
)
 
(50
)
 
(354
)
 
7

 

 

 
(597
)
Accumulated Amortization Balance as of September 30, 2018
$
205,183

 
$
53,825

 
$
56,694

 
$
295

 
$

 
$

 
$
315,997

Net Balance as of December 31, 2017
$
2,269,446

 
$
497,851

 
$
396,489

 
$
846,433

 
$

 
$
60,048

 
$
4,070,267

Net Balance as of September 30, 2018
$
2,262,460

 
$
496,356

 
$
383,668

 
$
811,967

 
$
454,329

 
$
69,977

 
$
4,478,757

Accumulated Goodwill Impairment Balance as of December 31, 2017
$
85,909

 
$

 
$
46,500

 
$

 
$

 
$
3,011

 
$
135,420

Accumulated Goodwill Impairment Balance as of September 30, 2018
$
85,909

 
$

 
$
46,500

 
$

 
$

 
$
3,011

 
$
135,420

_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)
Total fair value and other adjustments include $7,131 in net adjustments primarily related to property, plant and equipment, customer relationship intangible assets and deferred income taxes and other liabilities.

Components of amortizable intangible assets
The components of our finite-lived intangible assets related to customer relationship value, customer inducements and data center lease-based intangible assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2017 and September 30, 2018 are as follows:
 
December 31, 2017
 
September 30, 2018
 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net Carrying
Amount
 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net Carrying
Amount
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Customer relationship intangible assets
$
1,704,105

 
$
(395,278
)
 
$
1,308,827

 
$
1,693,426

 
$
(439,048
)
 
$
1,254,378

Customer inducements(1)
140,030

 
(66,981
)
 
73,049

 
56,288

 
(34,374
)
 
21,914

Data center lease-based intangible assets(2)
19,314

 
(643
)
 
18,671

 
276,565

 
(36,006
)
 
240,559

 
$
1,863,449

 
$
(462,902
)
 
$
1,400,547

 
$
2,026,279

 
$
(509,428
)
 
$
1,516,851

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Data center below-market leases
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
12,355

 
$
(1,231
)
 
$
11,124

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1)
The gross carrying amount, accumulated amortization and net carrying amount of customer inducements as of December 31, 2017 includes Free Move Costs, which were capitalized as Customer Inducements prior to the adoption of ASU 2014-09. Subsequent to the adoption of ASU 2014-09, Free Move Costs are considered Contract Fulfillment Costs and Customer Inducements consist exclusively of Permanent Withdrawal Fees. Contract Fulfillment Costs are included in Other, a component of Other Assets, Net, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2018. See Note 2.c. for information regarding Contract Fulfillment Costs included in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2018.

(2)
Includes Data Center In-Place Leases, Data Center Tenant Relationships and Data Center Above-Market Leases.

The other finite-lived intangible assets as of December 31, 2017 and September 30, 2018 are as follows:
 
December 31, 2017
 
September 30, 2018
 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net Carrying
Amount
 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net Carrying
Amount
Other finite-lived intangible assets (included in other assets, net)
$
20,929

 
$
(10,728
)
 
$
10,201

 
$
20,284

 
$
(13,680
)
 
$
6,604

Schedule of amortization expenses
Amortization expense associated with finite-lived intangible assets, revenue reduction associated with the amortization of Permanent Withdrawal Fees and net revenue reduction associated with the amortization of Data Center Above-Market Leases and Data Center Below-Market Leases for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
Amortization expense included in depreciation and amortization associated with:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Customer relationship and customer inducement intangible assets
 
$
26,889

 
$
26,782

 
$
74,299

 
$
84,401

Data center in-place leases and tenant relationships
 

 
12,036

 

 
30,437

Other finite-lived intangible assets
 
1,051

 
642

 
4,540

 
3,486

Revenue reduction associated with amortization of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Permanent withdrawal fees
 
$
2,721

 
$
3,229

 
$
8,627

 
$
8,782

Data center above-market leases and data center below-market leases
 

 
1,276

 

 
3,648

Stock-based compensation expense for Employee Stock-Based Awards related to continuing operations
Stock-based compensation expense for Employee Stock-Based Awards included in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations is as follows:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
Cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization)
$
25

 
$
29

 
$
80

 
$
87

Selling, general and administrative expenses
7,736

 
7,250

 
22,773

 
23,265

Total stock-based compensation
$
7,761

 
$
7,279

 
$
22,853

 
$
23,352

Summary of stock option activity
A summary of stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 is as follows:
 
Stock Options
Outstanding at December 31, 2017
3,671,740

Granted
846,517

Exercised
(163,418
)
Forfeited
(38,533
)
Expired
(16,062
)
Outstanding at September 30, 2018
4,300,244

Options exercisable at September 30, 2018
2,388,037

Options expected to vest
1,817,579

Summary of restricted stock and RSU activity
The fair value of RSUs vested during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2018 is as follows:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
Fair value of RSUs vested
$
1,933

 
$
3,189

 
$
18,006

 
$
19,195

A summary of RSU activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 is as follows:
 
RSUs
Non-vested at December 31, 2017
1,071,469

Granted
746,704

Vested
(546,299
)
Forfeited
(79,140
)
Non-vested at September 30, 2018
1,192,734

Schedule of performance units
The fair value of earned PUs that vested during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2018 is as follows:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
Fair value of earned PUs that vested
$
52

 
$
84

 
$
957

 
$
3,117

Summary of Performance Unit (PU) activity
A summary of PU activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 is as follows:
 
Original
PU Awards
 
PU Adjustment(1)
 
Total
PU Awards
Non-vested at December 31, 2017
717,878

 
(250,067
)
 
467,811

Granted
353,507

 

 
353,507

Vested
(81,305
)
 

 
(81,305
)
Forfeited/Performance or Market Conditions Not Achieved
(16,513
)
 
(49,881
)
 
(66,394
)
Non-vested at September 30, 2018
973,567

 
(299,948
)
 
673,619

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1)
Represents an increase or decrease in the number of original PUs awarded based on either the final performance criteria or market condition achievement at the end of the performance period of such PUs or a change in estimated awards based on the forecasted performance against the predefined targets.
Calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to the entity
The calculation of basic and diluted income (loss) per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2018 is as follows:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
Income (loss) from continuing operations
$
25,382

 
$
78,628

 
$
167,374

 
$
218,145

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
(21
)
 
(125
)
 
2,853

 
485

Income (loss) from continuing operations (utilized in numerator of Earnings Per Share calculation)
$
25,403

 
$
78,753

 
$
164,521

 
$
217,660

(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax
$
(1,058
)
 
$
(11,605
)
 
$
(3,421
)
 
$
(12,427
)
Net income (loss) attributable to Iron Mountain Incorporated
$
24,345

 
$
67,148

 
$
161,100

 
$
205,233

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-average shares—basic
265,198,000

 
286,159,000

 
264,423,000

 
285,801,000

Effect of dilutive potential stock options
414,258

 
264,451

 
423,688

 
250,574

Effect of dilutive potential RSUs and PUs
526,725

 
558,891

 
446,002

 
463,583

Weighted-average shares—diluted
266,138,983

 
286,982,342

 
265,292,690

 
286,515,157

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings (losses) per share—basic:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Income (loss) from continuing operations
$
0.10

 
$
0.28

 
$
0.62

 
$
0.76

(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax

 
(0.04
)
 
(0.01
)
 
(0.04
)
Net income (loss) attributable to Iron Mountain Incorporated(1)
$
0.09

 
$
0.23

 
$
0.61

 
$
0.72

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings (losses) per share—diluted:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Income (loss) from continuing operations
$
0.10

 
$
0.27

 
$
0.62

 
$
0.76

(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax

 
(0.04
)
 
(0.01
)
 
(0.04
)
Net income (loss) attributable to Iron Mountain Incorporated(1)
$
0.09

 
$
0.23

 
$
0.61

 
$
0.72

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Antidilutive stock options, RSUs and PUs, excluded from the calculation
2,620,225

 
3,253,975

 
2,605,203

 
3,256,206


_______________________________________________________________________________

(1) Columns may not foot due to rounding.
Assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis
The assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2017 and September 30, 2018, respectively, are as follows:
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements at
December 31, 2017 Using
Description
 
Total Carrying
Value at
December 31,
2017
 
Quoted prices
in active
markets
(Level 1)
 
 
 
Significant other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
 
 
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
Money Market Funds(1)
 
$
585,000

 
$

 
 
 
$
585,000

 
 
 
$

Time Deposits(1)
 
24,482

 

 
 
 
24,482

 
 
 

Trading Securities
 
11,784

 
11,279

 
(2)
 
505

 
(3)
 

Derivative Assets(4)
 
1,579

 

 
 
 
1,579

 
 
 

Derivative Liabilities(4)
 
2,329

 

 
 
 
2,329

 
 
 

 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements at
September 30, 2018 Using
Description
 
Total Carrying
Value at
September 30,
2018
 
Quoted prices
in active
markets
(Level 1)
 
 
 
Significant other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
 
 
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
Time Deposits(1)
 
$
5,661

 
$

 
 
 
$
5,661

 
 
 
$

Trading Securities
 
11,268

 
10,583

 
(2)
 
685

 
(3)
 

Derivative Liabilities(4)
 
365

 

 
 
 
365

 
 
 

Interest Rate Swap Agreements Assets(5)
 
4,183

 

 
 
 
4,183

 
 
 

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1)
Money market funds and time deposits are measured based on quoted prices for similar assets and/or subsequent transactions. At December 31, 2017, we had money market funds with 12 "Triple A" rated money market funds and time deposits with seven global banks. At September 30, 2018, we had no money market funds and time deposits with seven global banks.
(2)
Certain trading securities are measured at fair value using quoted market prices.
(3)
Certain trading securities are measured based on inputs other than quoted market prices that are observable.
(4)
Derivative assets and liabilities relate to short-term (six months or less) foreign currency contracts that we have entered into to hedge certain of our foreign exchange intercompany exposures, as more fully disclosed in Note 3. We calculate the value of such forward contracts by adjusting the spot rate utilized at the balance sheet date for translation purposes by an estimate of the forward points observed in active markets.
(5)
We have entered into interest rate swap agreements to hedge certain of our interest rate exposures, as more fully disclosed in Note 3. The interest rate swap agreements are designated as cash flow hedges and are measured based on inputs other than quoted market prices that are observable.
Schedule of changes in accumulated other comprehensive items, net
The changes in accumulated other comprehensive items, net for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively, are as follows:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2017
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2017
 
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
 
Total
 
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
 
Total
Beginning of Period
$
(153,590
)
 
$
(153,590
)
 
$
(212,573
)

$
(212,573
)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation adjustments(1)
38,247

 
38,247

 
97,230

 
97,230

Total other comprehensive income (loss)
38,247

 
38,247

 
97,230

 
97,230

Balance as of September 30, 2017
$
(115,343
)
 
$
(115,343
)
 
$
(115,343
)
 
$
(115,343
)
______________________________________________________________
(1)
During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, approximately $29,100 of cumulative translation adjustments associated with our businesses in Russia and Ukraine was reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive items, net and was included in the gain on sale associated with the Russia and Ukraine Divestment (as defined and discussed more fully in Note 10).
The changes in accumulated other comprehensive items, net for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, are as follows:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2018
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2018
 
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
 
Fair Value Adjustments for Interest Rate Swap Agreements
 
Total
 
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
 
Fair Value Adjustments for Interest Rate Swap Agreements
 
Total
Beginning of Period
$
(209,653
)
 
$
2,203

 
$
(207,450
)
 
$
(103,989
)
 
$

 
$
(103,989
)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
 
 
 
 
 
 


 


 


Foreign currency translation adjustments
(22,790
)
 

 
(22,790
)
 
(128,454
)
 

 
(128,454
)
Fair value adjustments for interest rate swap agreements

 
1,980

 
1,980

 

 
4,183

 
4,183

Total other comprehensive (loss) income
(22,790
)
 
1,980

 
(20,810
)
 
(128,454
)
 
4,183

 
(124,271
)
Balance as of September 30, 2018
$
(232,443
)
 
$
4,183

 
$
(228,260
)
 
$
(232,443
)
 
$
4,183

 
$
(228,260
)
Other expense (income), net
Other expense (income), net for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2018 consists of the following:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
Foreign currency transaction losses (gains), net
$
11,865

 
$
664

 
$
27,900

 
$
3,825

Debt extinguishment expense
48,298

 

 
48,298

 

Other, net
(684
)
 
(339
)
 
(42,449
)
 
(2,405
)
 
$
59,479

 
$
325

 
$
33,749

 
$
1,420