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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Schedule of changes in the carrying value of goodwill attributable to each reportable operating segment
The changes in the carrying value of goodwill attributable to each reportable operating segment for the three months ended March 31, 2020 are as follows:
 
Global RIM Business
 
Global Data Center Business
 
Corporate and Other Business
 
Total
Consolidated
Goodwill balance, net of accumulated amortization as of December 31, 2019
$
3,942,901

 
$
424,568

 
$
117,740

 
$
4,485,209

Non-deductible goodwill acquired during the year
60,018

 

 

 
60,018

Goodwill impairment

 

 
(23,000
)
 
(23,000
)
Fair value and other adjustments(1)
(4,854
)
 

 
403

 
(4,451
)
Currency effects
(141,752
)
 
(2,547
)
 
(974
)
 
(145,273
)
Goodwill balance, net accumulated amortization as of March 31, 2020
$
3,856,313

 
$
422,021

 
$
94,169

 
$
4,372,503

Accumulated Goodwill Impairment Balance as of December 31, 2019
$
132,409

 
$

 
$
3,011

 
$
135,420

Accumulated Goodwill Impairment Balance as of March 31, 2020
$
132,409

 
$

 
$
26,011

 
$
158,420

________________________________________________________________
(1)
Total fair value and other adjustments include $(4,451) in net adjustments primarily related to customer relationships
Schedule of components of amortizable intangible assets
The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of our finite-lived intangible assets as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows:
 
March 31, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net Carrying
Amount
 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net Carrying
Amount
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Customer relationship intangible assets
$
1,734,034

 
$
(544,952
)
 
$
1,189,082

 
$
1,751,848

 
$
(544,721
)
 
$
1,207,127

Customer inducements
55,571

 
(30,370
)
 
25,201

 
52,718

 
(29,397
)
 
23,321

Data center lease-based intangible assets(1)
264,631

 
(114,971
)
 
149,660

 
265,945

 
(103,210
)
 
162,735

Third-party commissions asset(2)
31,708

 
(5,277
)
 
26,431

 
31,708

 
(4,134
)
 
27,574

 
$
2,085,944

 
$
(695,570
)
 
$
1,390,374

 
$
2,102,219

 
$
(681,462
)
 
$
1,420,757

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Data center below-market leases
$
12,729

 
$
(4,393
)
 
$
8,336

 
$
12,750

 
$
(3,937
)
 
$
8,813

_______________________________________________________________
(1)
Includes data center in-place lease intangible assets, data center tenant relationship intangible assets and data center above-market in-place lease intangible assets.

(2)
Third-party commissions asset is included in Other, a component of Other assets, net in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The third-party commissions asset is primarily comprised of additional payments associated with the execution of future customer contracts through the one-year anniversary of the acquisition of IO Data Centers, LLC ("IODC")
Schedule of amortization expenses
Amortization expense associated with finite-lived intangible assets, revenue reduction associated with the amortization of customer inducements and revenue reduction associated with the amortization of data center above-market leases and data center below-market leases for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Amortization expense included in depreciation and amortization associated with:
 
 
 
Customer relationship and customer inducement intangible assets
$
26,764

 
$
27,881

Data center in-place leases and tenant relationships
11,353

 
12,609

Third-party commissions asset and other finite-lived intangible assets
2,363

 
757

Revenue reduction associated with amortization of:
 
 
 
Permanent withdrawal fees
$
2,465

 
$
2,740

Data center above-market leases and data center below-market leases
217

 
905


Schedule of amortization expense associated with commissions asset and Intake Costs
The costs of the initial intake of customer records into physical storage ("Intake Costs") and capitalized commissions asset (collectively, "Contract Fulfillment Costs") as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows:
 
 
 
 
March 31, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
Description
 
Location in
Balance Sheet
 
Gross Carrying Amount
 
Accumulated Amortization
 
Net Carrying Amount
 
Gross Carrying Amount
 
Accumulated Amortization
 
Net Carrying Amount
Intake Costs asset
 
Other (within Other Assets, Net)
 
$
40,585

 
$
(23,615
)
 
$
16,970

 
$
41,224

 
$
(23,579
)
 
$
17,645

Capitalized commissions asset
 
Other (within Other Assets, Net)
 
73,638

 
(31,259
)
 
42,379

 
68,008

 
(27,178
)
 
40,830



Amortization expense associated with the Intake Costs asset and capitalized commissions asset for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Intake Costs asset
$
2,779

 
$
2,679

Capitalized commissions asset
5,625

 
3,946


Schedule of deferred revenue liabilities
Deferred revenue liabilities are reflected in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows:
Description
 
Location in Balance Sheet
 
March 31, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
Deferred revenue - Current
 
Deferred revenue
 
$
260,399

 
$
274,036

Deferred revenue - Long-term
 
Other Long-term Liabilities
 
34,783

 
36,029


Schedule of revenue
Our Global Data Center Business features storage rental provided to customers at contractually specified rates over a fixed contractual period, which are accounted for in accordance with ASU 2016-02. Since December 31, 2019, there have been no changes to our accounting policies related to the accounting for our lessor revenue as disclosed in Note 2.l. to Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report. Storage rental revenue, including revenue associated with power and connectivity, associated with our Global Data Center Business for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Storage rental revenue(1)
$
64,595

 
$
59,718

______________________________________________________________
(1)
Revenue associated with power and connectivity included within storage rental revenue was $11,413 and $9,118 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Schedule of allowance for credit loss
The rollforward of allowance for doubtful accounts and credit memo reserves for the three months ended March 31, 2020 is as follows:
 
 
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and Credit Memo Reserves
Balance at December 31, 2019
 
$
42,856

Credit memos charged to revenue
 
13,030

Allowance for bad debts charged to expense
 
6,197

Deductions and other(1)
 
(18,062
)
Balance at March 31, 2020
 
$
44,021

______________________________________________________________
(1)
Primarily consists of the issuance of credit memos, the write-off of accounts receivable and the impact associated with currency translation adjustments.
Schedule of operating and financing lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities
Operating and financing lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows:
Description
 
Location in Balance Sheet
 
March 31, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating lease right-of-use assets(1)
 
Operating lease right-of-use assets
 
$
1,906,678

 
$
1,869,101

Financing lease right-of-use assets, net of accumulated depreciation(2)
 
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net
 
316,422

 
327,215

Total
 
 
 
$
2,223,100

 
$
2,196,316

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Operating lease liabilities
 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
 
$
229,331

 
$
223,249

   Financing lease liabilities
 
Current portion of long-term debt
 
44,427

 
46,582

      Total current lease liabilities
 
 
 
273,758

 
269,831

Long-term
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Operating lease liabilities
 
Long-term Operating Lease Liabilities, net of current portion
 
1,760,478

 
1,728,686

   Financing lease liabilities
 
Long-term Debt, net of current portion
 
312,415

 
320,600

      Total long-term lease liabilities
 
 
 
2,072,893

 
2,049,286

Total
 
 
 
$
2,346,651

 
$
2,319,117

_______________________________________________________________
(1) At March 31, 2020, these assets are comprised of approximately 99% real estate related assets (which include land, buildings and racking) and 1% non-real estate related assets (which include warehouse equipment, vehicles, furniture and fixtures and computer hardware and software). At December 31, 2019, these assets are comprised of approximately 99% real estate related assets (which include land, buildings and racking) and 1% non-real estate related assets (which include warehouse equipment, vehicles, furniture and fixtures and computer hardware and software).
(2) At March 31, 2020, these assets are comprised of approximately 69% real estate related assets and 31% non-real estate related assets. At December 31, 2019, these assets are comprised of approximately 69% real estate related assets and 31% non-real estate related assets.

Schedule of lease, cost Supplemental cash flow information relating to our leases for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
Cash paid for amounts included in measurement of lease liabilities:
 
2020
 
2019
Operating cash flows used in operating leases
 
$
86,418

 
$
83,676

Operating cash flows used in financing leases (interest)
 
4,844

 
6,142

Financing cash flows used in financing leases
 
12,739

 
16,675

Non-cash items:
 
 
 
 
Operating lease modifications and reassessments
 
$
34,916

 
$
1,842

New operating leases (including acquisitions)
 
110,609

 
21,535

New financing leases, modifications and reassessments
 
13,061

 
7,523


The components of the lease expense for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
Description
 
Location in Statement of Operations
 
2020
 
2019
Operating lease cost(1)
 
Cost of sales and Selling, general and administrative
 
$
123,289

 
$
111,906

Financing lease cost:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation of financing lease right-of-use assets
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
$
12,955

 
$
16,329

Interest expense for financing lease liabilities
 
Interest Expense, Net
 
4,844

 
6,142

Total financing lease cost
 
 
 
$
17,799

 
$
22,471

_______________________________________________________________
(1) Of the $123,289 incurred for the three months ended March 31, 2020, $120,315 is included within Cost of sales and $2,974 is included within Selling, general and administrative expenses. Operating lease cost includes variable lease costs of $27,805 for the three months ended March 31, 2020. Of the $111,906 incurred for the three months ended March 31, 2019, $108,601 is included within Cost of sales and $3,305 is included within Selling, general and administrative expenses. Operating lease cost includes variable lease costs of $25,489 for the three months ended March 31, 2019.
Schedule of stock option activity
A summary of stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2020 is as follows:
 
Stock Options
Outstanding at December 31, 2019
4,835,721

Granted
589,993

Exercised
(135,312
)
Forfeited
(65,861
)
Expired
(40,749
)
Outstanding at March 31, 2020
5,183,792

Options exercisable at March 31, 2020
3,786,186

Options expected to vest
1,320,231


Schedule of restricted stock and RSU activity
The fair value of RSUs vested during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Fair value of RSUs vested
$
18,379

 
$
15,333

A summary of RSU activity for the three months ended March 31, 2020 is as follows:
 
RSUs
Non-vested at December 31, 2019
1,203,599

Granted
866,416

Vested
(526,086
)
Forfeited
(32,661
)
Non-vested at March 31, 2020
1,511,268

RSUs expected to vest
1,480,838



Schedule of performance units
The fair value of earned PUs that vested during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Fair value of earned PUs that vested
$
10,890

 
$
6,503


Schedule of Performance Unit (PU) activity
A summary of PU activity for the three months ended March 31, 2020 is as follows:
 
Original
PU Awards
 
PU Adjustment(1)
 
Total
PU Awards
Non-vested at December 31, 2019
1,113,691

 
(314,798
)
 
798,893

Granted
425,777

 

 
425,777

Vested
(271,452
)
 

 
(271,452
)
Forfeited/Performance or Market Conditions Not Achieved
(36,961
)
 
(4,710
)
 
(41,671
)
Non-vested at March 31, 2020
1,231,055

 
(319,508
)
 
911,547

________________________________________________________________
(1)
Represents an increase or decrease in the number of original PUs awarded based on either the final performance criteria or market condition achievement at the end of the performance period of such PUs.
Schedule of calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to the entity
The calculation of basic and diluted income (loss) per share for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Income (loss) from continuing operations
$
64,892

 
$
30,476

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
917

 
891

Income (loss) from continuing operations (utilized in numerator of Earnings Per Share calculation)
63,975

 
29,585

(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax

 
(24
)
Net income (loss) attributable to Iron Mountain Incorporated
$
63,975

 
$
29,561

 
 
 
 
Weighted-average shares—basic
287,840,000

 
286,528,000

Effect of dilutive potential stock options
51,799

 
231,402

Effect of dilutive potential RSUs and PUs
467,334

 
732,421

Weighted-average shares—diluted
288,359,133

 
287,491,823

 
 
 
 
Earnings (losses) per share—basic:
 

 
 

Income (loss) from continuing operations
$
0.22

 
$
0.10

(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax

 

Net income (loss) attributable to Iron Mountain Incorporated(1)
$
0.22

 
$
0.10

 
 
 
 
Earnings (losses) per share—diluted:
 
 
 
Income (loss) from continuing operations
$
0.22

 
$
0.10

(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax

 

Net income (loss) attributable to Iron Mountain Incorporated(1)
$
0.22

 
$
0.10

 
 
 
 
Antidilutive stock options, RSUs and PUs, excluded from the calculation
5,513,714

 
3,985,161

_______________________________________________________________

(1)
Columns may not foot due to rounding.
Schedule of assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis
The assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, are as follows:
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements at
March 31, 2020 Using
Description
 
Total Carrying
Value at
March 31, 2020
 
Quoted prices
in active
markets
(Level 1)
 
Significant other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
Money Market Funds(1)
 
$
9,194

 
$

 
$
9,194

 
$

Trading Securities
 
10,131

 
9,582

(2)
549

(3)

Derivative Assets(4)
 
5,388

 

 
5,388

 

Derivative Liabilities(4)
 
23,506

 

 
23,506

 

 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements at
December 31, 2019 Using
Description
 
Total Carrying
Value at
December 31, 2019
 
Quoted prices
in active
markets
(Level 1)
 
Significant other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
Money Market Funds(1)
 
$
13,653

 
$

 
$
13,653

 
$

Trading Securities
 
10,732

 
10,168

(2)
564

(3)

Derivative Liabilities(4)
 
9,756

 

 
9,756

 

________________________________________________________________

(1)
Money market funds are measured based on quoted prices for similar assets and/or subsequent transactions.
(2)
These trading securities are measured at fair value using unadjusted quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets that we have the ability to access at the measurement date.
(3)
These trading securities are measured based on inputs that are observable, other than quoted market prices.
(4)
Derivative assets and liabilities include (i) interest rate swap agreements, including forward-starting interest rate swap agreements, to limit our exposure to changes in interest rates on a portion of our floating rate indebtedness and (ii) cross-currency swap agreements to hedge the variability of exchange rates impacts between the United States dollar and the Euro and certain of our Euro denominated subsidiaries. Our derivative financial instruments are measured using industry standard valuation models using market-based observable inputs, including interest rate curves, forward and spot prices for currencies and implied volatilities. Credit risk is also factored into the determination of the fair value of our derivative financial instruments. See Note 3 for additional information on our derivative financial instruments.
Schedule of changes in accumulated other comprehensive items, net
The changes in accumulated other comprehensive items, net for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, are as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
 
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
 
Change in Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
 
Total
 
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
 
Change in Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
 
Total
Beginning of Period
$
(252,825
)
 
$
(9,756
)
 
$
(262,581
)
 
$
(264,691
)
 
$
(973
)
 
$
(265,664
)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation adjustment
(222,305
)
 

 
(222,305
)
 
17,378

 

 
17,378

Change in fair value of derivative instruments

 
(8,362
)
 
(8,362
)
 

 
(2,674
)
 
(2,674
)
Total other comprehensive (loss) income
(222,305
)
 
(8,362
)
 
(230,667
)
 
17,378

 
(2,674
)
 
14,704

End of Period
$
(475,130
)
 
$
(18,118
)
 
$
(493,248
)
 
$
(247,313
)
 
$
(3,647
)
 
$
(250,960
)
Schedule of other expense (income), net
Other (income) expense, net for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 consists of the following:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Foreign currency transaction (gains) losses, net(1)
$
(37,399
)
 
$
17,697

Other, net(2)
(5,327
)
 
(2,487
)
Other (Income) Expense, Net
$
(42,726
)
 
$
15,210


_______________________________________________________________
(1) The gain or loss on foreign currency transactions, calculated as the difference between the historical exchange rate and the exchange rate at the applicable measurement date, includes gains or losses related to (i) borrowings in certain foreign currencies under our Revolving Credit Facility (as defined and discussed more fully in Note 5), (ii) our Euro Notes (as defined in Note 5) and (iii) certain foreign currency denominated intercompany obligations of our foreign subsidiaries to us and between our foreign subsidiaries, which are not considered permanently invested (as more fully discussed in Note 3).

(2) Other, net for the three months ended March 31, 2020, is primarily comprised of a gain on our previously held 25% equity investment in OSG Records Management (Europe) Limited ("OSG"), as more fully discussed in Note 4, which is partially offset by losses on certain of our equity method investments.
Schedule of immaterial restatement

The following table sets forth the effect of the change in presentation of Significant Acquisition Costs to certain line items of our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019:
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization)
$
(898
)
Selling, general and administrative
$
(1,848
)
Significant Acquisition Costs
$
2,746


There were no Significant Acquisition Costs for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as all of the costs associated with the Recall Transaction and IODC were incurred as of December 31, 2019. Significant Acquisition Costs included in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations by segment for the three months ended March 31, 2019 is as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Global RIM Business
$
880

Global Data Center Business
143

Corporate and Other Business
1,723

Total Significant Acquisition Costs
$
2,746