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Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities

The significant components of our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are presented below:

			DECEMBER 31,
			2024						2023
Deferred Tax Assets:
Accrued liabilities and other adjustments			$	156,349					$	100,476
Net operating loss carryforwards			168,773						158,363
Valuation allowance			(132,714)						(103,897)
			192,408						154,942
Deferred Tax Liabilities:
Other assets, principally due to differences in amortization			(185,301)						(220,218)
Property, plant and equipment, principally due to differences in depreciation			(63,192)						(90,156)
Other			(122,844)						(65,909)
			(371,337)						(376,283)
Net deferred tax (liability) asset			$	(178,929)					$	(221,341)

The deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are presented below:

			DECEMBER 31,
			2024						2023
Noncurrent deferred tax assets (Included in Other, a component of Other assets, net)			$	26,412					$	14,069
Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities			(205,341)						(235,410)

Summary of roll forward of Valuation allowance

A rollforward of the valuation allowance is as follows:

YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,			BALANCE AT BEGINNING OF THE YEAR						CHARGED (CREDITED) TO EXPENSE						OTHER INCREASES/(DECREASES)(1)(2)						BALANCE AT END OF THE YEAR
2024			$	103,897					$	37,018					$	(8,201)					$	132,714
2023			47,514						4,855						51,528						103,897
2022			51,744						(1,333)						(2,897)						47,514

(1)Other decreases and increases in valuation allowances are primarily related to changes in foreign currency exchange rates and prior year acquisitions.

(2)Prior to 2023, certain of our non-United States tax loss carryforwards were determined to have a remote possibility of realization and therefore were not reported in the table above. In connection with the implementation of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (the "OECD") global minimum tax initiative known as Pillar Two, any existing deferred taxes not disclosed in our 2023 financial statements will not be available in the future to reduce tax otherwise due under Pillar Two. Accordingly, beginning in 2023, we are disclosing in the above table the tax effects of these non-United States tax loss carryforwards offset with a full valuation allowance.

Schedule of income (loss) from continuing operations before provision for income taxes

The components of net income (loss) before provision (benefit) for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 are as follows:

			YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
			2024						2023						2022
United States			$	56,617					$	76,012					$	449,241
Canada			153,450						111,331						103,826
Other Foreign			34,471						39,863						78,571
Net income (loss) before provision (benefit) for income taxes			$	244,538					$	227,206					$	631,638

Schedule of provision (benefit) for income taxes

The provision (benefit) for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 consist of the following components:

			YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
			2024						2023						2022
Federal—current			$	5,205					$	1,255					$	24,331
Federal—deferred			(2,394)						(18,488)						(30,581)
State—current			914						1,544						8,553
State—deferred			(3,731)						(4,630)						(3,728)
Foreign—current			96,168						72,408						92,525
Foreign—deferred			(35,290)						(12,146)						(21,611)
Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes			$	60,872					$	39,943					$	69,489

Schedule of reconciliation total income tax expense and amount computed by applying the federal income tax rate

A reconciliation of total income tax expense and the amount computed by applying the current federal statutory tax rate of 21.0% to net income (loss) before provision (benefit) for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, is as follows:

			YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
			2024						2023						2022
Computed "expected" tax provision			$	51,353					$	47,713					$	132,644
Changes in income taxes resulting from:
Tax adjustment relating to REIT			(33,926)						(39,299)						(82,620)
State taxes, net of federal tax benefit			(2,919)						(3,147)						4,043
Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance			37,018						4,855						(1,333)
Withholding taxes			11,359						11,658						10,600
(Reversal) reserve accrual and audit settlements, net of federal tax benefit			(2,052)						(4,946)						40
Change in valuation of acquisition contingencies			643						3,242						(19,656)
Foreign tax rate differential			13,322						6,876						22,227
Adjustments relating to foreign taxes			(10,346)						14,405						2,820
Excess tax benefits on equity compensation			(5,047)						(1,905)						(955)
Other, net			1,467						491						1,679
Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes			$	60,872					$	39,943					$	69,489

The primary reconciling items between the federal statutory tax rate of 21.0% and our overall effective tax rate were:

YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2024			2023			2022
The lack of tax benefits recognized for the ordinary losses and disallowed interest expenses of certain entities of $37,018 and differences in the tax rates to which our foreign earnings are subject of $13,322, partially offset by the benefits derived from the dividends paid deduction of $33,926. In addition, we recorded gains and losses in Other expense (income), net during the period, for which there was no tax impact.			The benefits derived from the dividends paid deduction of $39,299 and the differences in the tax rates to which our foreign earnings are subject of $6,876. In addition, there were gains and losses recorded in Other expense (income), net for which there was no tax impact.			The benefits derived from the dividends paid deduction of $82,620 and the differences in the tax rates to which our foreign earnings are subject of $22,227. In addition, there were gains and losses recorded in Other expense (income), net and Gain (loss) on disposal/write-down of property, plant and equipment, net during the period for which there were insignificant tax impacts.

Schedule of roll forward of unrecognized tax benefits

A rollforward of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:

Gross tax contingencies—January 1, 2022			$	27,772
Gross additions based on tax positions related to the current year			2,271
Gross additions for tax positions of prior years			723
Gross reductions for tax positions of prior years			(1,866)
Acquired unrecognized tax benefits			1,354
Lapses of statutes			(2,501)
Gross tax contingencies—December 31, 2022			27,753
Gross additions based on tax positions related to the current year			3,511
Gross additions for tax positions of prior years			634
Gross reductions for tax positions of prior years			(5,454)
Lapses of statutes			(2,874)
Gross tax contingencies—December 31, 2023			23,570
Gross additions based on tax positions related to the current year			3,091
Gross reductions for tax positions of prior years			(1,698)
Acquired unrecognized tax benefits			5,717
Lapses of statutes			(4,804)
Gross tax contingencies—December 31, 2024			$	25,876

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Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years.

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Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.

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Tabular disclosure of income before income tax between domestic and foreign jurisdictions.

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Tabular disclosure of the change in unrecognized tax benefits.

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Tabular disclosure of valuation allowances to reduce deferred tax assets to net realizable value, including identification of the deferred tax asset more likely than not will not be fully realized and the corresponding amount of the valuation allowance.

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