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Segment and Geographic Information (Segment Information) (Details) (USD $) In Millions, unless otherwise specified | 3 Months Ended | 6 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended
--- | --- | --- | ---
Dec. 31, 2012 | Sep. 30, 2012 | Jun. 30, 2012 | Mar. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | Sep. 30, 2011 | Jun. 30, 2011 | Mar. 31, 2011 | Dec. 31, 2010 | Sep. 30, 2010 | Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | Jun. 30, 2012 | Jun. 30, 2011 | Jun. 30, 2010
Segment Information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to external customers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 46,729 | $ 45,208 | $ 89,038 | $ 80,676 | $ 61,682
Intersegment sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,597 | 3,680 | 8,218 | 6,869 | 4,024
Net sales | 24,921 | 21,808 | 22,675 | 21,155 | 23,306 | 21,902 | 22,870 | 20,077 | 20,930 | 16,799 | 46,729 | 45,208 | 89,038 | 80,676 | 61,682
Depreciation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 396 | 391 | 793 | 827 | 857
Asset abandonments and write-downs |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 146 | 337 | 367 | 2 | 9
Interest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 59 | 62 | 112 | 136 | 126
Equity in earnings of affiliates |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 255 | 251 | 472 | 542 | 561
Operating profit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 997 | 781 | 1,765 | 3,015 | 2,585
Investments in and advances to affiliates | 3,170 |  | 3,388 |  |  |  | 3,240 |  |  |  | 3,170 |  | 3,388 | 3,240 |
Identifiable assets | 45,136 |  | 41,771 |  |  |  | 42,352 |  |  |  | 45,136 |  | 41,771 | 42,352 |
Gross additions to property, plant, and equipment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 641 |  | 1,719 | 1,512 |
Reportable segment totals [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment Information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating profit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,306 | 1,063 | 2,525 | 4,131 | 3,337
Oilseeds Processing |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment Information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to external customers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18,052 | 17,337 | 34,715 | 29,908 | 24,412
Intersegment sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,413 | 736 | 2,275 | 2,103 | 1,334
Net sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 19,465 | 18,073 | 36,990 | 32,011 | 25,746
Depreciation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 113 | 108 | 228 | 215 | 243
Asset abandonments and write-downs |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1 | 2 | 9
Interest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18 | 16 | 35 | 28 | 34
Equity in earnings of affiliates |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 96 | 129 | 226 | 213 | 306
Operating profit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 747 | 429 | 1,302 | 1,690 | 1,551
Investments in and advances to affiliates | 1,889 |  | 1,811 |  |  |  | 1,648 |  |  |  | 1,889 |  | 1,811 | 1,648 |
Identifiable assets | 15,856 |  | 17,041 |  |  |  | 16,576 |  |  |  | 15,856 |  | 17,041 | 16,576 |
Gross additions to property, plant, and equipment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 259 |  | 588 | 673 |
Corn Processing [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment Information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to external customers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6,167 | 6,451 | 12,114 | 9,908 | 7,874
Intersegment sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 56 | 113 | 173 | 194 | 103
Net sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6,223 | 6,564 | 12,287 | 10,102 | 7,977
Depreciation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 165 | 178 | 345 | 399 | 412
Asset abandonments and write-downs |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 337 | 360 |  |
Interest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1 |  | 1 |  | 1
Equity in earnings of affiliates |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 49 | 53 | 107 | 83 | 78
Operating profit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 71 | 54 | 261 | 1,079 | 738
Investments in and advances to affiliates | 505 |  | 470 |  |  |  | 483 |  |  |  | 505 |  | 470 | 483 |
Identifiable assets | 6,649 |  | 6,491 |  |  |  | 7,606 |  |  |  | 6,649 |  | 6,491 | 7,606 |
Gross additions to property, plant, and equipment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 169 |  | 349 | 349 |
Agricultural Services [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment Information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to external customers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 22,441 | 21,364 | 42,082 | 40,750 | 29,301
Intersegment sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,046 | 2,751 | 5,609 | 4,417 | 2,436
Net sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 25,487 | 24,115 | 47,691 | 45,167 | 31,737
Depreciation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 99 | 90 | 188 | 183 | 167
Asset abandonments and write-downs |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 146 |  | 2 |  |
Interest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18 | 10 | 22 | 23 | 18
Equity in earnings of affiliates |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 49 | 55 | 110 | 230 | 152
Operating profit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 395 | 563 | 947 | 1,323 | 1,002
Investments in and advances to affiliates | 297 |  | 671 |  |  |  | 669 |  |  |  | 297 |  | 671 | 669 |
Identifiable assets | 14,201 |  | 11,444 |  |  |  | 11,242 |  |  |  | 14,201 |  | 11,444 | 11,242 |
Gross additions to property, plant, and equipment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 182 |  | 740 | 442 |
Other [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment Information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to external customers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 69 | 56 | 127 | 110 | 95
Intersegment sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 82 | 80 | 161 | 155 | 151
Net sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 151 | 136 | 288 | 265 | 246
Depreciation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 6
Interest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 11 | 14 | 21 | 46 | 51
Equity in earnings of affiliates |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 9 | 9
Operating profit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 93 | 17 | 15 | 39 | 46
Investments in and advances to affiliates | 18 |  | 46 |  |  |  | 22 |  |  |  | 18 |  | 46 | 22 |
Identifiable assets | 5,912 |  | 5,028 |  |  |  | 6,010 |  |  |  | 5,912 |  | 5,028 | 6,010 |
Gross additions to property, plant, and equipment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1 | 8 |
Intersegment Elimination [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment Information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (4,597) | (3,680) | (8,218) | (6,869) | (4,024)
Corporate [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment Information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 17 | 13 | 28 | 25 | 29
Asset abandonments and write-downs |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4 |  |
Interest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 11 | 22 | 33 | 39 | 22
Equity in earnings of affiliates |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 61 | 14 | 29 | 7 | 16
Operating profit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (309) | (282) | (760) | (1,116) | (752)
Investments in and advances to affiliates | 461 |  | 390 |  |  |  | 418 |  |  |  | 461 |  | 390 | 418 |
Identifiable assets | 2,518 |  | 1,767 |  |  |  | 918 |  |  |  | 2,518 |  | 1,767 | 918 |
Gross additions to property, plant, and equipment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 31 |  | $ 41 | $ 40 |

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