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Quarterly Financial Data (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions | 3 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2020 | Sep. 30, 2020 | Jun. 30, 2020 | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 | Sep. 30, 2019 | Jun. 30, 2019 | Mar. 31, 2019
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gain (loss) on sale/revaluation of assets after tax | $ 8 | $ 54 | $ 18 |  | $ (133) |  |  | $ 9
Gain (loss) on sale of assets, after tax, per share | $ 0.01 | $ 0.10 | $ 0.03 |  | $ (0.24) |  |  | $ 0.02
Impairment and restructuring per share, after tax | $ 0.03 | $ 0.01 | $ 0.02 | $ 0.06 | $ 0.16 | $ 0.08 | $ 0.18 | $ 0.02
Acquisition-related expenses, after-tax | $ 3 |  |  |  | $ 2 |  |  | $ 9
Acquisition-related expenses, per share | $ 0.01 |  |  |  | $ 0.00 |  |  | $ 0.02
Impairment, settlement, and restructuring, after tax | $ 20 | $ 5 | $ 12 | $ 32 | $ 93 | $ 41 | $ 105 | $ 10
Tax expense (credit) related to the tax reform and certain out of period discretes | $ 19 | $ (8) | $ (1) | $ (7) | $ (46) | $ 5 | $ 19 | $ (17)
Tax expense (credit) related to the tax reform and certain out of period discretes per share | $ 0.04 | $ (0.02) | $ (0.00) | $ (0.01) | $ (0.08) | $ 0.01 | $ 0.03 | $ (0.03)
Gain (loss) on debt extinguishment, after tax | $ 1 | $ (300) | $ (11) |  |  |  |  |
Gain (loss) on debt extinguishment, per share | $ 0.00 | $ (0.53) | $ (0.02) |  |  |  |  |
Gain (loss) on embedded derivative | $ 2 | $ 15 |  |  |  |  |  |
Gain (loss) on embedded derivative, per share | $ 0.00 | $ 0.03 |  |  |  |  |  |

X
- Definition The amount of expenses related to pending or completed acquisitions, after-tax. + References No definition available. + Details
Name: | adm_Acquisitionrelatedexpensesaftertax
Namespace Prefix: | adm_
Data Type: | xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type: | debit
Period Type: | duration

X
- Definition The amount of expenses related to pending or completed acquisitions, per share. + References No definition available. + Details
Name: | adm_Acquisitionrelatedexpensespershare
Namespace Prefix: | adm_
Data Type: | num:perShareItemType
Balance Type: | na
Period Type: | duration

X
- Definition Difference between the fair value of payments made and the carrying amount of debt which is extinguished prior to maturity, after tax. + References No definition available. + Details
Name: | adm_GainLossOnDebtExtinguishmentAfterTax
Namespace Prefix: | adm_
Data Type: | xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type: | credit
Period Type: | duration

X
- Definition Difference between the fair value of payments made and the carrying amount of debt which is extinguished prior to maturity, per share + References No definition available. + Details
Name: | adm_GainLossOnDebtExtinguishmentPerShare
Namespace Prefix: | adm_
Data Type: | num:perShareItemType
Balance Type: | na
Period Type: | duration

X
- Definition Net Increase or Decrease in the fair value of the embedded derivative or group of embedded derivatives included in earnings in the period, after tax + References No definition available. + Details
Name: | adm_GainLossOnEmbeddedDerivativeAfterTax
Namespace Prefix: | adm_
Data Type: | xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type: | credit
Period Type: | duration

X
- Definition Net Increase or Decrease in the fair value of the embedded derivative or group of embedded derivatives included in earnings in the period, per share + References No definition available. + Details
Name: | adm_GainLossOnEmbeddedDerivativePerShare
Namespace Prefix: | adm_
Data Type: | num:perShareItemType
Balance Type: | na
Period Type: | duration

X
- Definition The after tax impact of gain on sale of assets on diluted earnings per share. + References No definition available. + Details
Name: | adm_Gainlossonsaleofassetsaftertaxpershare
Namespace Prefix: | adm_
Data Type: | num:perShareItemType
Balance Type: | na
Period Type: | duration

X
- Definition This element represents the after-tax amount of gain (loss) on sale/revaluation of assets. + References No definition available. + Details
Name: | adm_Gainlossonsalerevaluationofassetsaftertax
Namespace Prefix: | adm_
Data Type: | xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type: | credit
Period Type: | duration

X
- Definition Impairment and restructuring per share, after tax + References No definition available. + Details
Name: | adm_Impairmentandrestructuringpershareaftertax
Namespace Prefix: | adm_
Data Type: | num:perShareItemType
Balance Type: | na
Period Type: | duration

X
- Definition Impairment, settlement, and restructuring, after tax + References No definition available. + Details
Name: | adm_Impairmentsettlementandrestructuringaftertax
Namespace Prefix: | adm_
Data Type: | xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type: | debit
Period Type: | duration

X
- Definition Tax expense (credit) related to the tax reform and certain out of period discretes + References No definition available. + Details
Name: | adm_Taxexpensecreditrelatedtothetaxreformandcertainoutofperioddiscretes
Namespace Prefix: | adm_
Data Type: | xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type: | debit
Period Type: | duration

X
- Definition Tax expense (credit) related to the tax reform and certain out of period discretes per share + References No definition available. + Details
Name: | adm_Taxexpensecreditrelatedtothetaxreformandcertainoutofperioddiscretespershare
Namespace Prefix: | adm_
Data Type: | num:perShareItemType
Balance Type: | na
Period Type: | duration

X
- Definition Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table. + References No definition available. + Details
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Namespace Prefix: | us-gaap_
Data Type: | xbrli:stringItemType
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Period Type: | duration