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Basis of Presentation | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] |
Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, these statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for audited financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 for Archer-Daniels-Midland Company (the Company or ADM). Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The Company consolidates all entities, including variable interest entities (VIEs), in which it has a controlling financial interest. For VIEs, the Company assesses whether it is the primary beneficiary as defined under the applicable accounting standard. Investments in affiliates, including VIEs through which the Company exercises significant influence but does not control the investee and is not the primary beneficiary of the investee’s activities, are carried at cost plus equity in undistributed earnings since acquisition and are adjusted, where appropriate, for basis differences between the investment balance and the underlying net assets of the investee. The Company’s portion of the results of certain affiliates and results of certain VIEs are included using the most recent available financial statements. In each case, the financial statements are within 93 days of the Company’s year end and are consistent from period to period. Segregated Cash and Investments The Company segregates certain cash, cash equivalents, and investment balances in accordance with regulatory requirements, commodity exchange requirements, and insurance arrangements. These balances represent deposits received from customers of the Company’s registered futures commission merchant and commodity brokerage services, cash margins and securities pledged to commodity exchange clearinghouses, and cash pledged as security under certain insurance arrangements. Segregated cash and investments also include restricted cash collateral for the various insurance programs of the Company’s captive insurance business. To the degree these segregated balances are comprised of cash and cash equivalents, they are considered restricted cash and cash equivalents on the consolidated statements of cash flows. Receivables The Company records receivables at net realizable value in trade receivables, other current assets, and other assets. These amounts included allowances for estimated uncollectible accounts to reflect any loss anticipated on the accounts receivable balances including any accrued interest receivables thereon. The Company estimates uncollectible accounts by pooling receivables according to type, region, credit risk rating, and age. Each pool is assigned an expected loss co-efficient to arrive at a general reserve based on historical write-offs adjusted, as needed, for regional, economic, and other forward-looking factors. The Company minimizes credit risk due to the large and diversified nature of its worldwide customer base. ADM manages its exposure to counter-party credit risk through credit analysis and approvals, credit limits, and monitoring procedures. Long-term receivables recorded in other assets were not material to the Company’s overall receivables portfolio. Changes to the allowance for estimated uncollectible accounts are as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31
| 2023 | 2022
Beginning, January 1 | $ | 199 |  | $ | 122 |
Current year provisions | 4 | 22
Recoveries | 1 |  | 1 |
Write-offs against allowance | (24) |  | (1) |
Foreign exchange translation adjustment | 1 |  | — |
Other | 1 |  | (7) |
Ending, March 31 | $ | 182 |  | $ | 137 |
Write-offs against allowance in the current quarter related primarily to allowance on receivables that were subsequently sold. Inventories Certain merchandisable agricultural commodity inventories, which include inventories acquired under deferred pricing contracts, are stated at market value. In addition, the Company values certain inventories using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The following table sets forth the Company’s inventories as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.
| March 31, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
| (In millions)
Raw materials and supplies | $ | 6,310 |  |  | $ | 6,975 |
Finished goods | 8,461 |  |  | 7,796 |
Total inventories | $ | 14,771 |  |  | $ | 14,771 |
Included in raw materials and supplies are work in process inventories which were not material as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Cost Method Investments Cost method investments of $489 million and $488 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, were included in Other Assets in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Revaluation gains of $34 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022 in connection with observable third-party transactions, were recorded in interest and investment income in the Company's consolidated statements of earnings. There were no revaluation gains in the three months ended March 31, 2023. Operations in Ukraine and Russia ADM employs approximately 640 people in Ukraine and operates an oilseeds crushing plant, a grain port terminal, inland and river silos, and a trading office. Facilities have been temporarily idled since February 24, 2022, most of which were brought back online by March 31, 2023, due in part to the opening of the Black Sea grain export corridor. The Company’s footprint in Russia is limited to operations related to the production and transport of essential food commodities and ingredients. As a result of the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, the Company reviewed the valuation of its assets and concluded that as of March 31, 2023, receivables, net of allowances, are deemed collectible and market inventories are valued appropriately. The temporarily idled property, plant, and equipment, which are immaterial, are not considered impaired. The Company also evaluated the impact of Russia’s announcement of its purported annexation of four Ukrainian regions on the valuation of ADM’s assets in those regions and concluded that the assets are appropriately valued. As the conflict in Ukraine evolves, the Company will continue to review the valuation of these assets and make any required adjustments, which are not expected to be material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

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