Basis of Presentation

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, these statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for audited financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the six months ended June 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for Archer-Daniels-Midland Company (the Company or ADM).

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The Company consolidates all entities, including variable interest entities (VIEs), in which it has a controlling financial interest. For VIEs, the Company assesses whether it is the primary beneficiary as defined under the applicable accounting standard. Investments in affiliates, including VIEs through which the Company exercises significant influence but does not control the investee and is not the primary beneficiary of the investee’s activities, are carried at cost plus equity in undistributed earnings since acquisition and are adjusted, where appropriate, for basis differences between the investment balance and the underlying net assets of the investee and impairments determined to be other than temporary in nature. The Company’s portion of the results of certain affiliates and results of certain VIEs are included using the most recent available financial statements. In each case, the financial statements are within 93 days of the Company’s year end and are consistent from period to period.

Segregated Cash and Investments

The Company segregates certain cash, cash equivalents, and investment balances in accordance with regulatory requirements, commodity exchange requirements, and insurance arrangements. These balances represent deposits received from customers of the Company’s registered futures commission merchant and commodity brokerage services, cash margins and securities pledged to commodity exchange clearinghouses, and cash pledged as security under certain insurance arrangements. Segregated cash and investments also include restricted cash collateral for the various insurance programs of the Company’s captive insurance business. To the degree these segregated balances are comprised of cash and cash equivalents, they are considered restricted cash and cash equivalents on the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Receivables

The Company records receivables at net realizable value in trade receivables, other current assets, and other assets. These amounts include allowances for estimated uncollectible accounts to reflect any loss anticipated on the accounts receivable balances including any accrued interest thereon. The Company estimates uncollectible accounts by pooling receivables according to type, region, credit risk rating, and age. Each pool is assigned an expected loss co-efficient to arrive at a general reserve based on historical write-offs adjusted, as needed, for regional, economic, and other forward-looking factors. The Company minimizes credit risk due to the large and diversified nature of its worldwide customer base. ADM manages its exposure to counter-party credit risk through credit analysis and approvals, credit limits, and monitoring procedures. Long-term receivables recorded in other assets were not material to the Company’s overall receivables portfolio.

Changes to the allowance for estimated uncollectible accounts were as follows:


	Three Months Ended June 30
	2024		2023
	(In millions)
Beginning, April 1	$	216	$	182
Current year provisions	(12)		9

Write-offs against allowance	(3)		(16)
Foreign exchange translation adjustment	(1)		—
Other	(6)		(1)
Ending, June 30	$	194	$	174

	Six Months Ended June 30
	2024		2023
	(In millions)
Beginning, January 1	$	215	$	199
Current year provisions	(7)		13
Recoveries	8		1
Write-offs against allowance	(16)		(40)
Foreign exchange translation adjustment	—		1
Other	(6)		—
Ending, June 30	$	194	$	174

Current year provisions in the three months ended June 30, 2024 include reversals of prior general provisions for economic factors related to the pandemic. Write-offs against allowance in the three months and six months ended June 30, 2024 were primarily related to trade receivables and long-term receivables, respectively. Write-offs against allowance in the three months ended June 30, 2023 were primarily related to a customer in Brazil. Also included in write-offs against allowance in the six months ended June 30, 2023 was allowance on receivables that were subsequently sold.

Inventories

Certain merchandisable agricultural commodity inventories, which include inventories acquired under deferred pricing contracts, are stated at market value. In addition, the Company values certain inventories using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method at the lower of cost or net realizable value.

The following table sets forth the Company’s inventories as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.


	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(In millions)
Raw materials and supplies	$	1,787	$	1,944
Finished goods	2,909		3,026
Market inventories	5,747		6,987
Total inventories	$	10,443	$	11,957

Included in raw materials and supplies are work in process inventories which were not material as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Cost Method Investments

Cost method investments of $440 million and $438 million as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, were included in Other Assets in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Revaluation losses of $18 million in the six months ended June 30, 2024 were related to an investment in alternative protein and precision fermentation, partially offset by an upward adjustment of $2 million in the six months ended June 30, 2024. There were no revaluation gains or losses in the three and six months ended June 30, 2023. Revaluation gains and losses are recorded in interest and investment income in the Company’s consolidated statements of earnings. As of June 30, 2024, the cumulative amounts of upward and downward adjustments were $115 million and $94 million, respectively.

Investments in Affiliates

The Company applies the equity method of accounting for investments over which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, including its 22.5% investment in Wilmar International Limited (“Wilmar”). The Company’s investment in Wilmar had a carrying value of $4.1 billion as of June 30, 2024, and a market value of $3.2 billion based on the quoted Singapore Exchange market price converted to U.S. dollars at the applicable exchange rate at June 30, 2024. Wilmar does not have a recent history of operating losses, has positive working capital and positive cash flows and has a long history of paying dividends.

A significant portion of the decline in market value of Wilmar based on the quoted Singapore Exchange market price occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2024. The Company considers its investment in Wilmar a significant and strategic relationship and has the intent and ability to retain its investment in Wilmar for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value.

Based on the evaluation of the factors above and the Company’s evaluation of the near-term prospects of Wilmar in relation to the severity and duration of the decline in fair value, the Company does not consider the investment to be other-than-temporarily impaired at June 30, 2024.