EX-99.2 3 q22025ex-992.htm EX-99.2
Exhibit 99.2
For Immediate News Release
July 30, 2025
AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC.
PROVIDES Q2 2025 RESULTS
AND UPDATES FULL YEAR 2025 OUTLOOK
(Arlington, VA) AvalonBay Communities, Inc. (NYSE: AVB) (the “Company”) reported Earnings per Share – diluted (“EPS”), Funds from Operations attributable to common stockholders - diluted (“FFO”) per share and Core FFO per share (as defined in this release) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 as detailed below.

|  | Q2 2025 |  | Q2 2024 |  | % Change
EPS |  | $ | 1.88 |  |  | $ | 1.78 |  |  | 5.6 | %
FFO per share (1) | $ | 2.80 |  |  | $ | 2.75 |  |  | 1.8 | %
Core FFO per share (1) | $ | 2.82 |  |  | $ | 2.77 |  |  | 1.8 | %
|  | YTD 2025 |  | YTD 2024 |  | % Change
EPS |  | $ | 3.54 |  |  | $ | 3.00 |  |  | 18.0 | %
FFO per share (1) | $ | 5.59 |  |  | $ | 5.48 |  |  | 2.0 | %
Core FFO per share (1) | $ | 5.65 |  |  | $ | 5.47 |  |  | 3.3 | %
(1) For additional detail on reconciling items between net income attributable to common stockholders, FFO and Core FFO, see Attachment 13, table 3.

The following table compares the Company’s actual results for EPS, FFO per share and Core FFO per share for the three months ended June 30, 2025 to its results for the prior year period:

Q2 2025 Results Compared to Q2 2024
| Per Share
| EPS | FFO | Core FFO
Q2 2024 per share reported results | $ | 1.78 |  | $ | 2.75 |  | $ | 2.77 |
Same Store Residential NOI (1) | 0.09 |  | 0.09 |  | 0.09 |
Other Residential and Commercial NOI | 0.06 |  | 0.06 |  | 0.06 |
Overhead & other | (0.03) |  | (0.03) |  | (0.03) |
Capital markets activity | (0.05) |  | (0.07) |  | (0.07) |
Real estate gains, depreciation expense & other | 0.03 |  | — |  | — |
Q2 2025 per share reported results | $ | 1.88 |  | $ | 2.80 |  | $ | 2.82 |
(1) Consists of increases of $0.14 in revenue and $0.05 in operating expenses.

The following table compares the Company’s actual results for EPS, FFO per share and Core FFO per share for the three months ended June 30, 2025 to its April 2025 outlook:

Q2 2025 Results Compared to April 2025 Outlook
| Per Share
| EPS | FFO | Core FFO
Projected per share (1) | $ | 1.83 |  | $ | 2.74 |  | $ | 2.77 |
Same Store Residential NOI (2) | 0.07 |  | 0.07 |  | 0.07 |
Other Stabilized NOI | (0.01) |  | (0.01) |  | (0.01) |
Overhead & other | (0.01) |  | (0.01) |  | (0.01) |
Non-core items (3) | 0.01 |  | 0.01 |  | — |
Real estate gains, depreciation expense & other | (0.01) |  | — |  | — |
Q2 2025 per share reported results | $ | 1.88 |  | $ | 2.80 |  | $ | 2.82 |
(1) The mid-point of the Company's April 2025 outlook.
(2) Consists of favorable revenue of $0.02 and operating expenses of $0.05. Approximately $0.02 of the operating expense benefit is timing related and expected to be incurred in Q3.
(3) For detail of non-core items, see Attachment 13, table 3.

The following table compares the Company’s actual results for EPS, FFO per share and Core FFO per share for the six months ended June 30, 2025 to its results for the prior year period:

YTD 2025 Results Compared to YTD 2024
| Per Share
| EPS | FFO | Core FFO
YTD 2024 per share reported results | $ | 3.00 |  | $ | 5.48 |  | $ | 5.47 |
Same Store Residential NOI (1) | 0.17 |  | 0.17 |  | 0.17 |
Other Residential NOI | 0.16 |  | 0.16 |  | 0.16 |
Overhead & other | (0.02) |  | (0.02) |  | (0.02) |
Capital markets activity | (0.12) |  | (0.13) |  | (0.13) |
Non-core items (2) | (0.07) |  | (0.07) |  | — |
Real estate gains, depreciation expense and other | 0.42 |  | — |  | — |
YTD 2025 per share reported results | $ | 3.54 |  | $ | 5.59 |  | $ | 5.65 |
(1) Consists of increases of $0.28 in revenue and $0.11 in operating expenses.
(2) For detail of non-core items, see Attachment 13, table 3.

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1

Same Store Operating Results for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 Compared to the Prior Year Period
Same Store Residential revenue increased $19,966,000, or 3.0%, to $689,100,000. Same Store Residential operating expenses increased $7,388,000, or 3.6%, to $211,920,000 and Same Store Residential NOI increased $12,578,000, or 2.7%, to $477,180,000.
Same Store Operating Results for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 Compared to the Prior Year Period
Same Store Residential revenue increased $39,892,000, or 3.0%, to $1,371,215,000. Same Store Residential operating expenses increased $15,522,000, or 3.8%, to $423,130,000 and Same Store Residential NOI increased $24,370,000, or 2.6%, to $948,085,000.
Development Activity
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company completed the development of Avalon Princeton on Harrison, located in Princeton, NJ. Avalon Princeton on Harrison contains 200 apartment homes and was constructed for a Total Capital Cost of $79,000,000.
During the three months ended June 30, 2025, the Company started the construction of two apartment communities:
•Avalon Kendall, located in Kendall, FL; and
•Avalon Brier Creek, located in Durham, NC.
These communities are expected to contain an aggregate of 624 apartment homes. Estimated Total Capital Cost at completion for these Development communities is $210,000,000.
In addition, during the three months ended June 30, 2025, the Company accelerated commencement of the planned second phase of the Avalon Pleasanton development, located in Pleasanton, CA. The expanded development of Avalon Pleasanton is expected to add 280 apartment homes and $160,000,000 in estimated Total Capital Costs at completion for a total of 362 apartment homes and an estimated Total Capital Cost at completion of $218,000,000 for the development.
During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company started the construction of four apartment communities and expanded the development of Avalon Pleasanton. These communities are expected to contain an aggregate of 1,495 apartment homes. Estimated Total Capital Cost at completion for these Development communities is $610,000,000.
At June 30, 2025, the Company had 20 wholly-owned Development communities under construction that are expected to contain 7,299 apartment homes and 69,000 square feet of commercial space. Estimated Total Capital Cost at completion for these Development communities is $2,780,000,000.
Disposition Activity
As previously disclosed, during the three months ended June 30, 2025, the Company sold Avalon Wesmont Station I & II, two wholly-owned communities with 406 apartment homes and 18,000 square feet of commercial space, located in Wood-Ridge, NJ. The communities were sold for $161,500,000, resulting in a gain in accordance with GAAP of $99,636,000 and an Economic Gain of $71,648,000.
During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company sold three wholly-owned communities containing an aggregate of 508 apartment homes and 18,000 square feet of commercial space. These communities were sold for $226,600,000, resulting in a gain in accordance with GAAP of $155,926,000 and an Economic Gain of $109,628,000.
Acquisition Activity
As previously disclosed, during the three months ended June 30, 2025, the Company acquired six communities located in the Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area. In aggregate, these communities contain 1,844 apartment homes and were acquired for a stated purchase price of $431,500,000, funded in part by the issuance of 1,060,000 DownREIT Units, valued at $225 per unit.
During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company acquired eight communities containing 2,701 apartment homes for a total purchase price of $618,500,000, which includes the stated value of the DownREIT units issued for the Dallas-Fort Worth portfolio.
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2

Structured Investment Program ("SIP") Activity
During the three months ended June 30, 2025, the Company did not enter into any new SIP commitments. During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company entered into one new SIP commitment, agreeing to provide an investment of up to $20,000,000 in a multifamily development project in Northern California. For additional information on the Company's SIP portfolio, see Attachment 10.
In July 2025, the Company entered into one new SIP commitment, agreeing to provide an investment of up to $28,000,000 in a multifamily development project in Southeast Florida.
Liquidity and Capital Markets
At June 30, 2025, the Company had $102,825,000 in unrestricted cash and cash equivalents.
During the three months ended June 30, 2025, the Company had the following debt activity:
•The Company repaid $525,000,000 principal amount of its 3.45% coupon unsecured notes at par upon maturity.
•As previously disclosed, the Company entered into a $450,000,000 term loan that matures in April 2029, which was fully drawn in May 2025. The term loan is indexed to SOFR plus a spread, currently SOFR + 0.78% per annum. The Company hedged the term loan interest rate variability with interest rate swaps, resulting in an effective fixed rate of 4.46% after deferred fees and issuance costs.
•As previously disclosed, the Company amended and restated its Credit Facility to (i) increase its borrowing capacity to $2,500,000,000 from $2,250,000,000, and (ii) extend the maturity date to April 2030 from September 2026. Subsequent to the amendment, the Company's cost of borrowing under the Credit Facility is SOFR + 0.705%. In addition, the Company increased the capacity of its unsecured commercial paper program to $1,000,000,000 from $500,000,000, with the terms of the program otherwise remaining unchanged.
As of June 30, 2025, the Company did not have any borrowings outstanding under its Credit Facility, and had outstanding borrowings of $664,637,000 under its unsecured commercial paper note program. The commercial paper program is backstopped by the Company's commitment to maintain available borrowing capacity under its Credit Facility in an amount equal to outstanding borrowings under the program.
The Company’s annualized Net Debt-to-Core EBITDAre (as defined in this release) for the second quarter of 2025 was 4.4 times and Unencumbered NOI (as defined in this release) for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was 95%.
In July 2025, the Company issued $400,000,000 principal amount of unsecured notes in a public offering under its existing shelf registration statement for net proceeds before offering costs of $394,888,000. The notes mature in August 2035 and were issued with a 5.00% coupon. The effective interest rate of the notes is 5.05%, considering the net proceeds and including the impact of offering costs and hedging activity.
Full Year and Third Quarter 2025 Financial Outlook
For its third quarter and full year 2025 financial outlook, the Company expects the following:

Projected EPS, Projected FFO and Projected Core FFO Outlook (1)
|  | Q3 2025 |  | Full Year 2025
|  | Low |  | High |  | Low |  | High
Projected EPS |  | $ | 2.41 |  | — | $ | 2.51 |  |  | $ | 7.75 |  | — | $ | 8.15 |
Projected FFO per share | $ | 2.72 |  | — | $ | 2.82 |  |  | $ | 11.06 |  | — | $ | 11.46 |
Projected Core FFO per share | $ | 2.75 |  | — | $ | 2.85 |  |  | $ | 11.19 |  | — | $ | 11.59 |
(1) See Attachment 13, table 9, for reconciliations of Projected FFO per share and Projected Core FFO per share to Projected EPS.
Full Year 2025 Financial Outlook
|  |  |  | Full Year 2025
|  |  |  | vs. Full Year 2024
|  |  |  |  |  | Low |  | High
Same Store: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential revenue change |  |  |  | 2.3% | — | 3.3%
Residential Opex change |  |  |  | 2.6% | — | 3.6%
Residential NOI change |  |  |  | 2.0% | — | 3.4%

The following table compares the Company’s actual results for EPS, FFO per share and Core FFO per share for the second quarter 2025 to the mid-point of its third quarter 2025 financial outlook:
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Q2 2025 Results Compared to Q3 2025 Outlook
| Per Share
| EPS | FFO | Core FFO
Q2 2025 per share reported results | $ | 1.88 |  | $ | 2.80 |  | $ | 2.82 |
Same Store Residential revenue | 0.03 |  | 0.03 |  | 0.03 |
Same Store Residential Opex | (0.08) |  | (0.08) |  | (0.08) |
Commercial NOI | 0.01 |  | 0.01 |  | 0.01 |
NOI from new Development | 0.02 |  | 0.02 |  | 0.02 |
Capital markets activity | (0.02) |  | (0.02) |  | (0.02) |
Overhead and other | 0.02 |  | 0.02 |  | 0.02 |
Non-core items (1) | (0.01) |  | (0.01) |  | — |
Gain on sale of real estate, depreciation expense, and casualty loss | 0.61 |  | — |  | — |
Projected per share - Q3 2025 outlook (2) | $ | 2.46 |  | $ | 2.77 |  | $ | 2.80 |
(1) For detail of non-core items, see Attachment 13, table 3 and table 9.
(2) Represents the mid-point of the Company's outlook.

The following table compares the mid-point of the Company’s July 2025 full year outlook for EPS, FFO per share and Core FFO per share to its February 2025 outlook:

July 2025 Full Year Outlook Compared to February 2025 Full Year Outlook
| Per Share
| EPS | FFO | Core FFO
Projected per share - February 2025 outlook (1) | $ | 8.49 |  | $ | 11.32 |  | $ | 11.39 |
Same Store Residential revenue | (0.02) |  | (0.02) |  | (0.02) |
Same Store Residential Opex | 0.06 |  | 0.06 |  | 0.06 |
Commercial NOI | 0.01 |  | 0.01 |  | 0.01 |
NOI from new Development | (0.04) |  | (0.04) |  | (0.04) |
Capital markets activity | 0.02 |  | 0.02 |  | 0.02 |
Overhead and other | (0.03) |  | (0.03) |  | (0.03) |
Non-core items (2) | (0.06) |  | (0.06) |  | — |
Gain on sale of real estate, depreciation expense, and casualty loss | (0.48) |  | — |  | — |
Projected per share - July 2025 outlook (1) | $ | 7.95 |  | $ | 11.26 |  | $ | 11.39 |
(1) Represents the mid-point of the Company's outlook.
(2) For detail of non-core items, see Attachment 13, table 3 and table 9.

Other Matters
The Company will hold a conference call on July 31, 2025 at 1:00 PM ET to review and answer questions about this release, its second quarter 2025 results, the Attachments (described below) and related matters. To participate on the call, dial 877-407-9716.
To hear a replay of the call, which will be available from July 31, 2025 at 6:00 PM ET to August 31, 2025, dial 844-512-2921 and use replay passcode: 13750084. A webcast of the conference call will also be available at https://investors.avalonbay.com, and an online playback of
the webcast will be available for at least seven days following the call.
The Company produces Earnings Release Attachments (the "Attachments") that provide detailed information regarding operating, development, redevelopment, disposition and acquisition activity. These Attachments are considered a part of this earnings release and are available in full with this earnings release via the Company's website at https://investors.avalonbay.com. To receive future press releases via e-mail, please submit a request through https://investors.avalonbay.com/news-events/email-alerts.
In addition to the Attachments, the Company is providing a teleconference presentation that will be available on the Company's website at https://investors.avalonbay.com subsequent to this release and before the market opens on July 31, 2025.
About AvalonBay Communities, Inc.
AvalonBay Communities, Inc., a member of the S&P 500, is an equity REIT that develops, redevelops, acquires and manages apartment communities in leading metropolitan areas in New England, the New York/New Jersey Metro area, the Mid-Atlantic, the Pacific Northwest, and Northern and Southern California, as well as in the Company's expansion regions of Raleigh-Durham and Charlotte, North Carolina, Southeast Florida, Dallas and Austin, Texas, and Denver, Colorado. As of June 30, 2025, the Company owned or held a direct or indirect ownership interest in 315 apartment communities containing 97,212 apartment homes in 11 states and the District of Columbia, of which 20 communities were under development. More information may be found on the Company’s website at https://www.avalonbay.com. For additional information, please contact Matthew Grover, Senior Director of Investor Relations, at 703-317-4524.
Forward-Looking Statements
This release, including its Attachments, contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The Company intends such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The Company's forward-looking statements generally use the words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “assume,” “project,” “plan,” “may,” “shall,” “will,” “pursue,” “outlook” and other similar expressions that indicate future events and trends and do
Copyright © 2025 AvalonBay Communities, Inc. All Rights Reserved
4

not report historical matters. These statements, among other things, address the Company’s intent, belief, forecasts, assumptions or expectations with respect to: development, redevelopment, acquisition or disposition of communities; the timing and cost of completion of communities under development or redevelopment; the timing of lease-up, occupancy and stabilization of communities; the pursuit of land for future development; the anticipated operating performance of communities; cost, yield, revenue, NOI and earnings estimates; the impact of landlord-tenant laws and rent regulations, including rent caps; the Company’s expansion into new regions; declaration or payment of dividends; joint venture activities; the Company’s policies regarding investments, indebtedness, acquisitions, dispositions, financings and other matters; the Company’s qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended; the real estate markets in regions where the Company operates and in general; the availability of debt and equity financing; interest rates, inflation, tariffs and other economic conditions and their potential impacts; trends affecting the Company’s financial condition or results of operations; regulatory changes that may affect the Company; and the impact of legal proceedings.
The Company cannot assure the future results or outcome of the matters described in these statements; rather these statements merely reflect the Company’s current expectations of the outcomes of the matters discussed. The Company does not undertake a duty to update these forward-looking statements, and therefore they may not represent the Company’s estimates and assumptions after the date of this release. You should not rely on forward-looking statements because they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond the Company’s control. These risks, uncertainties and other factors may cause the Company’s actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from the anticipated future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. You should carefully review the discussion under Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 and Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in subsequent quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for further discussion of risks associated with forward-looking statements.
Some of the factors that could cause the Company’s actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following: the Company may fail to secure development opportunities due to an inability to reach agreements with third parties to obtain land at attractive prices or to obtain desired zoning
and other local approvals; the Company may abandon or defer development opportunities for a number of reasons, including changes in local market conditions which make development less desirable, increases in costs of development, increases in the cost of capital or lack of capital availability, resulting in losses; construction costs of a community may exceed original estimates; the Company may not complete construction and lease-up of communities under development or redevelopment on schedule, resulting in increased interest costs and construction costs and a decrease in expected rental revenues; occupancy rates and market rents may be adversely affected by competition and local economic and market conditions which are beyond the Company’s control; the Company’s cash flows from operations and access to cost-effective capital may be insufficient for the development of the Company’s pipeline, which could limit the Company’s pursuit of opportunities; an outbreak of disease or other public health event may affect the multifamily industry and general economy; the Company’s cash flows may be insufficient to meet required payments of principal and interest, and the Company may be unable to refinance existing indebtedness or the terms of such refinancing may not be as favorable as the terms of existing indebtedness; the Company may be unsuccessful in its management of joint ventures and the REIT vehicles that are used with certain joint ventures; the Company may experience a casualty loss, natural disaster or severe weather event; new or existing laws and regulations implementing rent control or rent stabilization, or otherwise limiting the Company’s ability to increase rents, charge fees or evict tenants, may impact its revenue or increase costs; the Company’s expectations, estimates and assumptions as of the date of this filing regarding legal proceedings may change; the Company’s assumptions and expectations in its financial outlook may prove to be too optimistic; the Company may choose to pay dividends in its stock instead of cash, which may result in stockholders having to pay taxes with respect to such dividends in excess of the cash received, if any; and investments made under the SIP may not be repaid as expected or the development may not be completed on schedule, which could require the Company to engage in litigation, foreclosure actions, and/or first party project completion to recover its investment, which may not be recovered in full or at all in such event.
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5

Definitions and Reconciliations
Non-GAAP financial measures and other capitalized terms, as used in this earnings release, are defined, reconciled and further explained on Attachment 13, Definitions and Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Terms. Attachment 13 is included in the full earnings release available at the Company’s website at https://investors.avalonbay.com.
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6

7

SECOND QUARTER 2025
Supplemental Operating and Financial Data
Table of Contents

Company Profile |  |
Condensed Consolidated Operating Information.......................................................................................................... |  | Attachment 1
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.................................................................................................................... |  | Attachment 2
Sequential Operating Information................................................................................................................................. |  | Attachment 3
Market Profile - Same Store |  |
Quarterly Residential Revenue and Occupancy Changes............................................................................................ |  | Attachment 4
Sequential Quarterly Residential Revenue and Occupancy Changes.......................................................................... |  | Attachment 5
Year to Date Residential Revenue and Occupancy Changes....................................................................................... |  | Attachment 6
Residential Operating Expenses ("Opex").................................................................................................................... |  | Attachment 7
Development, Unconsolidated Real Estate Investments and Debt Profile |  |
Expensed Community Maintenance Costs and Capitalized Community Expenditures................................................ |  | Attachment 8
Development Communities........................................................................................................................................... |  | Attachment 9
Unconsolidated Operating Communities and Structured Investment Program............................................................. |  | Attachment 10
Debt Structure and Select Debt Metrics........................................................................................................................ |  | Attachment 11
Financial Outlook |  |
2025 Financial Outlook................................................................................................................................................. |  | Attachment 12
Definitions and Reconciliations |  |
Definitions and Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Terms................................................... |  | Attachment 13

The following is a "Safe Harbor" Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The projections and estimates contained in the following attachments, including but not limited to Attachments 9, 12 and 13, contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties, and actual results may differ materially from those projected in such statements. Risks associated with the Company's business, including development, redevelopment, construction, and lease-up activities which could impact the forward-looking statements are discussed in the paragraph titled "Forward-Looking Statements" in the release that accompanies, and should be read in conjunction with, these attachments. These and other risks are also described in the Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 and the Company's Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for subsequent quarters, and could cause actual results to differ materially from such projections and estimates.

8

Attachment 1
AvalonBay Communities, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Operating Information (1)
June 30, 2025
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)

|  | Q2 |  | Q2 |  |  |  | YTD |  | YTD |  |
|  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | % Change |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | % Change
Revenue: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rental and other income |  | $ | 758,601 |  |  | $ | 724,211 |  |  | 4.7 | % |  | $ | 1,502,739 |  |  | $ | 1,435,275 |  |  | 4.7 | %
Management, development and other fees |  | 1,594 |  |  | 1,830 |  |  | (12.9) | % |  | 3,336 |  |  | 3,625 |  |  | (8.0) | %
Total |  | 760,195 |  |  | 726,041 |  |  | 4.7 | % |  | 1,506,075 |  |  | 1,438,900 |  |  | 4.7 | %
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Direct property operating expenses, excluding property taxes |  | 151,193 |  |  | 140,200 |  |  | 7.8 | % |  | 300,380 |  |  | 279,111 |  |  | 7.6 | %
Property taxes |  | 86,031 |  |  | 81,056 |  |  | 6.1 | % |  | 167,862 |  |  | 160,836 |  |  | 4.4 | %
Total community operating expenses |  | 237,224 |  |  | 221,256 |  |  | 7.2 | % |  | 468,242 |  |  | 439,947 |  |  | 6.4 | %
Property management and other indirect operating expenses |  | (39,747) |  |  | (39,395) |  |  | 0.9 | % |  | (77,590) |  |  | (76,400) |  |  | 1.6 | %
Expensed transaction, development and other pursuit costs, net of recoveries |  | (2,493) |  |  | (1,417) |  |  | 75.9 | % |  | (7,237) |  |  | (5,662) |  |  | 27.8 | %
Interest expense, net (2) |  | (64,801) |  |  | (57,078) |  |  | 13.5 | % |  | (124,665) |  |  | (111,844) |  |  | 11.5 | %
Depreciation expense |  | (231,730) |  |  | (206,923) |  |  | 12.0 | % |  | (449,618) |  |  | (419,192) |  |  | 7.3 | %
General and administrative expense (3) |  | (22,997) |  |  | (19,586) |  |  | 17.4 | % |  | (42,777) |  |  | (39,917) |  |  | 7.2 | %
Casualty loss |  | (858) |  |  | — |  |  | N/A |  | (858) |  |  | (2,935) |  |  | (70.8) | %
(Loss) income from unconsolidated investments (4) |  | (1,052) |  |  | 866 |  |  | N/A |  | (2,051) |  |  | 8,595 |  |  | N/A
SIP interest income |  | 6,937 |  |  | 3,956 |  |  | 75.4 | % |  | 13,050 |  |  | 7,074 |  |  | 84.5 | %
Gain on sale of communities |  | 99,457 |  |  | 68,556 |  |  | 45.1 | % |  | 155,926 |  |  | 68,486 |  |  | 127.7 | %
Other real estate activity |  | 3,637 |  |  | 181 |  |  | N/A |  | 3,792 |  |  | 322 |  |  | N/A
Income before income taxes |  | 269,324 |  |  | 253,945 |  |  | 6.1 | % |  | 505,805 |  |  | 427,480 |  |  | 18.3 | %
Income tax benefit |  | 531 |  |  | 62 |  |  | 756.5 | % |  | 647 |  |  | 84 |  |  | 670.2 | %
Net income |  | 269,855 |  |  | 254,007 |  |  | 6.2 | % |  | 506,452 |  |  | 427,564 |  |  | 18.5 | %
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests |  | (1,190) |  |  | (73) |  |  | N/A |  | (1,190) |  |  | (181) |  |  | 557.5 | %
Net income attributable to common stockholders |  | $ | 268,665 |  |  | $ | 253,934 |  |  | 5.8 | % |  | $ | 505,262 |  |  | $ | 427,383 |  |  | 18.2 | %
Net income attributable to common stockholders per common share - basic |  | $ | 1.89 |  |  | $ | 1.78 |  |  | 6.2 | % |  | $ | 3.55 |  |  | $ | 3.00 |  |  | 18.3 | %
Net income attributable to common stockholders per common share - diluted |  | $ | 1.88 |  |  | $ | 1.78 |  |  | 5.6 | % |  | $ | 3.54 |  |  | $ | 3.00 |  |  | 18.0 | %
FFO |  | $ | 401,520 |  |  | $ | 391,716 |  |  | 2.5 | % |  | $ | 798,275 |  |  | $ | 779,517 |  |  | 2.4 | %
Per common share - diluted |  | $ | 2.80 |  |  | $ | 2.75 |  |  | 1.8 | % |  | $ | 5.59 |  |  | $ | 5.48 |  |  | 2.0 | %
Core FFO |  | $ | 403,972 |  |  | $ | 394,569 |  |  | 2.4 | % |  | $ | 807,298 |  |  | $ | 778,327 |  |  | 3.7 | %
Per common share - diluted |  | $ | 2.82 |  |  | $ | 2.77 |  |  | 1.8 | % |  | $ | 5.65 |  |  | $ | 5.47 |  |  | 3.3 | %
Dividends declared - common shares and DownREIT units (5) |  | $ | 250,874 |  |  | $ | 242,174 |  |  | 3.6 | % |  | $ | 500,473 |  |  | $ | 484,290 |  |  | 3.3 | %
Per common share |  | $ | 1.75 |  |  | $ | 1.70 |  |  | 2.9 | % |  | $ | 3.50 |  |  | $ | 3.40 |  |  | 2.9 | %
Weighted average common shares and participating securities outstanding - basic |  | 142,459,625 |  |  | 142,278,237 |  |  | 0.1 | % |  | 142,420,231 |  |  | 142,228,693 |  |  | 0.1 | %
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted |  | 143,292,306 |  |  | 142,389,866 |  |  | 0.6 | % |  | 142,889,432 |  |  | 142,306,310 |  |  | 0.4 | %
Total outstanding common shares and DownREIT units |  | 143,441,731 |  |  | 142,217,019 |  |  | 0.9 | % |  | 143,441,731 |  |  | 142,217,019 |  |  | 0.9 | %

(1) | See Attachment 13- Definitions and Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Terms, table 3 for detail of non-core items. |  |
(2) | Includes $2,227 and $5,096 of interest income from invested cash for Q2 and YTD 2025, respectively, and $6,078 and $10,790 for Q2 and YTD 2024, respectively. |  |
(3) | Includes $4,098 and $5,576 for Q2 and YTD 2025, respectively, related to legal costs and legal settlements. |  |
(4) | Includes $1,223 and $2,465 for Q2 and YTD 2025, respectively, of net unrealized losses on third-party property technology and sustainability fund investments and $1,177 and $9,562 for Q2 and YTD 2024, of net unrealized gains on third-party property technology and sustainability fund investments. |  |
(5) | The dividends declared for the DownREIT units are the same as the dividends declared per common share, prorated for the period the DownREIT units were outstanding during the first quarter of issuance. |  |

9

Attachment 2
AvalonBay Communities, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
June 30, 2025
(Dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)

|  | June 30, |  | December 31,
|  | 2025 |  | 2024
Real estate |  | $ | 27,076,466 |  |  | $ | 26,729,928 |
Less accumulated depreciation |  | (8,416,462) |  |  | (8,164,411) |
Net operating real estate |  | 18,660,004 |  |  | 18,565,517 |
Construction in progress, including land |  | 1,399,174 |  |  | 1,042,673 |
Land held for development |  | 101,066 |  |  | 151,922 |
Real estate assets held for sale, net |  | 334,245 |  |  | 6,950 |
Total real estate, net |  | 20,494,489 |  |  | 19,767,062 |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | 102,825 |  |  | 108,576 |
Restricted cash |  | 192,547 |  |  | 158,500 |
Unconsolidated investments |  | 227,207 |  |  | 227,320 |
Other assets |  | 820,877 |  |  | 739,279 |
Total assets |  | $ | 21,837,945 |  |  | $ | 21,000,737 |
Unsecured notes, net |  | $ | 7,285,235 |  |  | $ | 7,358,784 |
Unsecured credit facility and commercial paper, net |  | 664,637 |  |  | — |
Notes payable, net |  | 710,223 |  |  | 718,465 |
Resident security deposits |  | 63,621 |  |  | 62,829 |
Other liabilities |  | 943,931 |  |  | 919,567 |
Total liabilities |  | 9,667,647 |  |  | 9,059,645 |
Equity |  | 12,170,298 |  |  | 11,941,092 |
Total liabilities and equity |  | $ | 21,837,945 |  |  | $ | 21,000,737 |

10

Attachment 3
AvalonBay Communities, Inc.
Sequential Operating Information (1)
June 30, 2025
(Dollars in thousands, except per home data)
(unaudited)

|  | Total Apartment Homes |  |  |  |  |  | Quarter Ended June 30, 2025 |  | Quarter Ended March 31, 2025 |  | Quarter Ended December 31, 2024
Residential Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Same Store |  | 78,103 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 689,100 |  |  | $ | 682,115 |  |  | $ | 679,064 |
Other Stabilized (2) |  | 6,297 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 39,759 |  |  | 29,086 |  |  | 26,578 |
Development/Redevelopment (3) |  | 8,800 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8,946 |  |  | 6,465 |  |  | 4,784 |
Commercial Revenue |  | N/A |  |  |  |  |  | 9,174 |  |  | 11,618 |  |  | 10,192 |
Total Revenue |  | 93,200 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 746,979 |  |  | $ | 729,284 |  |  | $ | 720,618 |
Residential Operating Expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Same Store |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 211,920 |  |  | $ | 211,210 |  |  | $ | 210,884 |
Other Stabilized (2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14,484 |  |  | 9,576 |  |  | 9,068 |
Development/Redevelopment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,934 |  |  | 3,740 |  |  | 2,624 |
Commercial Operating Expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,984 |  |  | 1,716 |  |  | 1,589 |
Total Operating Expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 233,322 |  |  | $ | 226,242 |  |  | $ | 224,165 |
Residential NOI |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Same Store |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 477,180 |  |  | $ | 470,905 |  |  | $ | 468,180 |
Other Stabilized (2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 25,275 |  |  | 19,510 |  |  | 17,510 |
Development/Redevelopment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,012 |  |  | 2,725 |  |  | 2,160 |
Commercial NOI |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7,190 |  |  | 9,902 |  |  | 8,603 |
Total NOI |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 513,657 |  |  | $ | 503,042 |  |  | $ | 496,453 |
Same Store Average Revenue per Occupied Home (4) |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 3,056 |  |  | $ | 3,031 |  |  | $ | 3,029 |
Same Store Economic Occupancy |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 96.2 | % |  | 96.0 | % |  | 95.7 | %
Same Store Turnover (5) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current year period / Prior year period |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 45.5% / 44.3% |  | 31.5% / 34.4% |  | 34.6% / 38.0%
Current year period YTD / Prior year period YTD |  |  |  |  |  | 38.6% / 39.4% |  |  |  | 41.8% / 45.4%

|  | SAME STORE LIKE-TERM EFFECTIVE RENT CHANGE
|  | Q1 2025 |  | Q2 2025 |  | July 2025 (7) |
New England |  | 2.1 | % |  | 3.4 | % |  | 4.1 | % |
Metro NY/NJ |  | 0.6 | % |  | 2.3 | % |  | 1.9 | % |
Mid-Atlantic |  | 2.9 | % |  | 3.4 | % |  | 3.8 | % |
Southeast FL |  | (0.8) | % |  | (0.3) | % |  | 0.5 | % |
Denver, CO |  | (3.1) | % |  | (2.8) | % |  | (1.3) | % |
Pacific NW |  | 2.4 | % |  | 3.2 | % |  | 3.0 | % |
N. California |  | 2.3 | % |  | 4.0 | % |  | 5.6 | % |
S. California |  | 1.8 | % |  | 2.0 | % |  | 1.9 | % |
Other Expansion Regions |  | (2.0) | % |  | (4.0) | % |  | (2.5) | % |
Total |  | 1.7 | % |  | 2.5 | % | (6) | 2.9 | % | (6)

(1) | Includes consolidated communities and excludes communities that have been sold or that are classified as held for sale. See Attachment 13 - Definitions and Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Terms for the definition of capitalized terms.
(2) | Results for these communities prior to January 1, 2025 may reflect operations prior to stabilization, including lease-up, such that occupancy is not stabilized.
(3) | For per home rent projections and Economic Occupancy for Development communities currently under construction, see Attachment 9 - Development Communities.
(4) | Reflects concessions amortized over the average lease term and includes uncollectible lease revenue.
(5) | Turnover is the annualized number of units turned over during the period, divided by the total number of Same Store apartment homes for the respective period, and excludes any third-party managed communities.
(6) | For the three months ended June 30, 2025, New Move-In Like-Term Effective Rent Change was 0.7% and Renewal Like-Term Effective Rent Change was 3.9%. New Move-In Like-Term Effective Rent Change was 1.7% and Renewal Like-Term Effective Rent Change was 3.8% for July 1, 2025 to July 25, 2025.
(7) | Rent change percentage for activity in July 2025 through July 25, 2025.

11

Attachment 4
AvalonBay Communities, Inc.
Quarterly Residential Revenue and Occupancy Changes - Same Store
June 30, 2025
(unaudited)

|  | Apartment Homes |  | Average Monthly Revenue Per Occupied Home |  | Economic Occupancy |  | Residential Revenue ($000s)(1)
|  |  |  | Q2 25 |  | Q2 24 |  | % Change |  | Q2 25 |  | Q2 24 |  | % Change |  | Q2 25 |  | Q2 24 |  | % Change
New England |  | 9,535 |  |  | $ | 3,436 |  |  | $ | 3,337 |  |  | 3.0 | % |  | 96.5 | % |  | 96.7 | % |  | (0.2) | % |  | $ | 94,897 |  |  | $ | 92,325 |  |  | 2.8 | %
Metro NY/NJ |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
New York City |  | 3,608 |  |  | 4,421 |  |  | 4,240 |  |  | 4.3 | % |  | 96.4 | % |  | 96.3 | % |  | 0.1 | % |  | 46,144 |  |  | 44,218 |  |  | 4.4 | %
New York - Suburban |  | 3,878 |  |  | 3,787 |  |  | 3,685 |  |  | 2.8 | % |  | 96.0 | % |  | 95.3 | % |  | 0.7 | % |  | 42,311 |  |  | 40,877 |  |  | 3.5 | %
New Jersey |  | 5,157 |  |  | 3,421 |  |  | 3,382 |  |  | 1.2 | % |  | 96.5 | % |  | 95.8 | % |  | 0.7 | % |  | 51,066 |  |  | 50,132 |  |  | 1.9 | %
Metro NY/NJ |  | 12,643 |  |  | 3,819 |  |  | 3,720 |  |  | 2.7 | % |  | 96.3 | % |  | 95.8 | % |  | 0.5 | % |  | 139,521 |  |  | 135,227 |  |  | 3.2 | %
Mid-Atlantic |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Washington DC |  | 1,516 |  |  | 2,575 |  |  | 2,461 |  |  | 4.6 | % |  | 91.4 | % |  | 91.4 | % |  | 0.0 | % |  | 10,701 |  |  | 10,231 |  |  | 4.6 | %
Northern Virginia |  | 6,821 |  |  | 2,788 |  |  | 2,651 |  |  | 5.2 | % |  | 96.8 | % |  | 96.7 | % |  | 0.1 | % |  | 55,244 |  |  | 52,477 |  |  | 5.3 | %
Suburban Maryland |  | 2,595 |  |  | 2,329 |  |  | 2,284 |  |  | 2.0 | % |  | 96.1 | % |  | 95.3 | % |  | 0.8 | % |  | 17,434 |  |  | 16,967 |  |  | 2.8 | %
Baltimore, MD |  | 3,154 |  |  | 2,350 |  |  | 2,279 |  |  | 3.1 | % |  | 94.6 | % |  | 95.5 | % |  | (0.9) | % |  | 21,035 |  |  | 20,574 |  |  | 2.2 | %
Mid-Atlantic |  | 14,086 |  |  | 2,583 |  |  | 2,480 |  |  | 4.2 | % |  | 95.7 | % |  | 95.7 | % |  | 0.0 | % |  | 104,414 |  |  | 100,249 |  |  | 4.2 | %
Southeast FL |  | 2,837 |  |  | 2,904 |  |  | 2,921 |  |  | (0.6) | % |  | 96.7 | % |  | 96.9 | % |  | (0.2) | % |  | 23,894 |  |  | 24,077 |  |  | (0.8) | %
Denver, CO |  | 1,539 |  |  | 2,335 |  |  | 2,327 |  |  | 0.3 | % |  | 94.6 | % |  | 94.3 | % |  | 0.3 | % |  | 10,192 |  |  | 10,136 |  |  | 0.6 | %
Pacific Northwest |  | 5,109 |  |  | 2,883 |  |  | 2,766 |  |  | 4.2 | % |  | 96.6 | % |  | 97.0 | % |  | (0.4) | % |  | 42,696 |  |  | 41,128 |  |  | 3.8 | %
Northern California |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
San Jose |  | 4,727 |  |  | 3,141 |  |  | 3,048 |  |  | 3.1 | % |  | 96.4 | % |  | 96.7 | % |  | (0.3) | % |  | 42,953 |  |  | 41,775 |  |  | 2.8 | %
East Bay |  | 4,244 |  |  | 2,795 |  |  | 2,791 |  |  | 0.1 | % |  | 95.9 | % |  | 94.9 | % |  | 1.0 | % |  | 34,110 |  |  | 33,734 |  |  | 1.1 | %
San Francisco |  | 3,075 |  |  | 3,543 |  |  | 3,424 |  |  | 3.5 | % |  | 96.7 | % |  | 95.6 | % |  | 1.1 | % |  | 31,600 |  |  | 30,216 |  |  | 4.6 | %
Northern California |  | 12,046 |  |  | 3,122 |  |  | 3,052 |  |  | 2.3 | % |  | 96.3 | % |  | 95.8 | % |  | 0.5 | % |  | 108,663 |  |  | 105,725 |  |  | 2.8 | %
Southern California |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Los Angeles |  | 12,005 |  |  | 2,902 |  |  | 2,827 |  |  | 2.7 | % |  | 96.0 | % |  | 96.1 | % |  | (0.1) | % |  | 100,348 |  |  | 97,806 |  |  | 2.6 | %
Orange County |  | 4,024 |  |  | 3,021 |  |  | 2,928 |  |  | 3.2 | % |  | 96.6 | % |  | 96.2 | % |  | 0.4 | % |  | 35,231 |  |  | 34,013 |  |  | 3.6 | %
San Diego |  | 1,767 |  |  | 3,014 |  |  | 2,941 |  |  | 2.5 | % |  | 96.9 | % |  | 96.7 | % |  | 0.2 | % |  | 15,489 |  |  | 15,078 |  |  | 2.7 | %
Southern California |  | 17,796 |  |  | 2,940 |  |  | 2,861 |  |  | 2.8 | % |  | 96.2 | % |  | 96.2 | % |  | 0.0 | % |  | 151,068 |  |  | 146,897 |  |  | 2.8 | %
Other Expansion Regions |  | 2,512 |  |  | 1,910 |  |  | 1,914 |  |  | (0.2) | % |  | 95.6 | % |  | 92.5 | % |  | 3.1 | % |  | 13,755 |  |  | 13,370 |  |  | 2.9 | %
Total Same Store |  | 78,103 |  |  | $ | 3,056 |  |  | $ | 2,974 |  |  | 2.8 | % |  | 96.2 | % |  | 96.0 | % |  | 0.2 | % |  | $ | 689,100 |  |  | $ | 669,134 |  |  | 3.0 | %

(1) Reflects concessions amortized over the average lease term and includes uncollectible lease revenue. Residential Revenue with Concessions on a Cash Basis for the Company's Same Store portfolio increased by 2.8%. See Attachment 13, table 10.

12

Attachment 5
AvalonBay Communities, Inc.
Sequential Quarterly Residential Revenue and Occupancy Changes - Same Store
June 30, 2025
(unaudited)

|  | Apartment Homes |  | Average Monthly Revenue Per Occupied Home |  | Economic Occupancy |  | Residential Revenue ($000s)(1)
|  |  |  | Q2 25 |  | Q1 25 |  | % Change |  | Q2 25 |  | Q1 25 |  | % Change |  | Q2 25 |  | Q1 25 |  | % Change
New England |  | 9,535 |  |  | $ | 3,436 |  |  | $ | 3,396 |  |  | 1.2 | % |  | 96.5 | % |  | 96.2 | % |  | 0.3 | % |  | $ | 94,897 |  |  | $ | 93,499 |  |  | 1.5 | %
Metro NY/NJ |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
New York City |  | 3,608 |  |  | 4,421 |  |  | 4,396 |  |  | 0.6 | % |  | 96.4 | % |  | 95.9 | % |  | 0.5 | % |  | 46,144 |  |  | 45,659 |  |  | 1.1 | %
New York - Suburban |  | 3,878 |  |  | 3,787 |  |  | 3,773 |  |  | 0.4 | % |  | 96.0 | % |  | 95.5 | % |  | 0.5 | % |  | 42,311 |  |  | 41,928 |  |  | 0.9 | %
New Jersey |  | 5,157 |  |  | 3,421 |  |  | 3,380 |  |  | 1.2 | % |  | 96.5 | % |  | 96.4 | % |  | 0.1 | % |  | 51,066 |  |  | 50,399 |  |  | 1.3 | %
Metro NY/NJ |  | 12,643 |  |  | 3,819 |  |  | 3,790 |  |  | 0.8 | % |  | 96.3 | % |  | 96.0 | % |  | 0.3 | % |  | 139,521 |  |  | 137,986 |  |  | 1.1 | %
Mid-Atlantic |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Washington DC |  | 1,516 |  |  | 2,575 |  |  | 2,499 |  |  | 3.0 | % |  | 91.4 | % |  | 93.4 | % |  | (2.0) | % |  | 10,701 |  |  | 10,597 |  |  | 1.0 | %
Northern Virginia |  | 6,821 |  |  | 2,788 |  |  | 2,740 |  |  | 1.8 | % |  | 96.8 | % |  | 96.9 | % |  | (0.1) | % |  | 55,244 |  |  | 54,336 |  |  | 1.7 | %
Suburban Maryland |  | 2,595 |  |  | 2,329 |  |  | 2,327 |  |  | 0.1 | % |  | 96.1 | % |  | 96.0 | % |  | 0.1 | % |  | 17,434 |  |  | 17,399 |  |  | 0.2 | %
Baltimore, MD |  | 3,154 |  |  | 2,350 |  |  | 2,336 |  |  | 0.6 | % |  | 94.6 | % |  | 94.4 | % |  | 0.2 | % |  | 21,035 |  |  | 20,868 |  |  | 0.8 | %
Mid-Atlantic |  | 14,086 |  |  | 2,583 |  |  | 2,548 |  |  | 1.4 | % |  | 95.7 | % |  | 95.9 | % |  | (0.2) | % |  | 104,414 |  |  | 103,200 |  |  | 1.2 | %
Southeast FL |  | 2,837 |  |  | 2,904 |  |  | 2,912 |  |  | (0.3) | % |  | 96.7 | % |  | 97.3 | % |  | (0.6) | % |  | 23,894 |  |  | 24,102 |  |  | (0.9) | %
Denver, CO |  | 1,539 |  |  | 2,335 |  |  | 2,360 |  |  | (1.1) | % |  | 94.6 | % |  | 94.8 | % |  | (0.2) | % |  | 10,192 |  |  | 10,323 |  |  | (1.3) | %
Pacific Northwest |  | 5,109 |  |  | 2,883 |  |  | 2,858 |  |  | 0.9 | % |  | 96.6 | % |  | 96.2 | % |  | 0.4 | % |  | 42,696 |  |  | 42,165 |  |  | 1.3 | %
Northern California |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
San Jose |  | 4,727 |  |  | 3,141 |  |  | 3,114 |  |  | 0.9 | % |  | 96.4 | % |  | 96.4 | % |  | 0.0 | % |  | 42,953 |  |  | 42,559 |  |  | 0.9 | %
East Bay |  | 4,244 |  |  | 2,795 |  |  | 2,789 |  |  | 0.2 | % |  | 95.9 | % |  | 95.9 | % |  | 0.0 | % |  | 34,110 |  |  | 34,052 |  |  | 0.2 | %
San Francisco |  | 3,075 |  |  | 3,543 |  |  | 3,521 |  |  | 0.6 | % |  | 96.7 | % |  | 96.5 | % |  | 0.2 | % |  | 31,600 |  |  | 31,344 |  |  | 0.8 | %
Northern California |  | 12,046 |  |  | 3,122 |  |  | 3,101 |  |  | 0.7 | % |  | 96.3 | % |  | 96.3 | % |  | 0.0 | % |  | 108,663 |  |  | 107,955 |  |  | 0.7 | %
Southern California |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Los Angeles |  | 12,005 |  |  | 2,902 |  |  | 2,877 |  |  | 0.9 | % |  | 96.0 | % |  | 95.8 | % |  | 0.2 | % |  | 100,348 |  |  | 99,257 |  |  | 1.1 | %
Orange County |  | 4,024 |  |  | 3,021 |  |  | 2,998 |  |  | 0.8 | % |  | 96.6 | % |  | 96.1 | % |  | 0.5 | % |  | 35,231 |  |  | 34,791 |  |  | 1.3 | %
San Diego |  | 1,767 |  |  | 3,014 |  |  | 2,979 |  |  | 1.2 | % |  | 96.9 | % |  | 96.8 | % |  | 0.1 | % |  | 15,489 |  |  | 15,286 |  |  | 1.3 | %
Southern California |  | 17,796 |  |  | 2,940 |  |  | 2,915 |  |  | 0.9 | % |  | 96.2 | % |  | 95.9 | % |  | 0.3 | % |  | 151,068 |  |  | 149,334 |  |  | 1.2 | %
Other Expansion Regions |  | 2,512 |  |  | 1,910 |  |  | 1,885 |  |  | 1.3 | % |  | 95.6 | % |  | 95.4 | % |  | 0.2 | % |  | 13,755 |  |  | 13,551 |  |  | 1.5 | %
Total Same Store |  | 78,103 |  |  | $ | 3,056 |  |  | $ | 3,031 |  |  | 0.8 | % |  | 96.2 | % |  | 96.0 | % |  | 0.2 | % |  | $ | 689,100 |  |  | $ | 682,115 |  |  | 1.0 | %

(1) Reflects concessions amortized over the average lease term and includes uncollectible lease revenue. Residential Revenue with Concessions on a Cash Basis for the Company's Same Store portfolio increased by 1.1%. See Attachment 13, table 10.

13

Attachment 6
AvalonBay Communities, Inc.
Year to Date Residential Revenue and Occupancy Changes - Same Store
June 30, 2025
(unaudited)

|  | Apartment Homes |  | Average Monthly Revenue Per Occupied Home |  | Economic Occupancy |  | Residential Revenue ($000s)(1)
|  |  |  | YTD 2025 |  | YTD 2024 |  | % Change |  | YTD 2025 |  | YTD 2024 |  | % Change |  | YTD 2025 |  | YTD 2024 |  | % Change
New England |  | 9,535 |  |  | $ | 3,417 |  |  | $ | 3,323 |  |  | 2.8 | % |  | 96.4 | % |  | 96.4 | % |  | 0.0 | % |  | $ | 188,396 |  |  | $ | 183,211 |  |  | 2.8 | %
Metro NY/NJ |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
New York City |  | 3,608 |  |  | 4,410 |  |  | 4,234 |  |  | 4.2 | % |  | 96.2 | % |  | 96.3 | % |  | (0.1) | % |  | 91,803 |  |  | 88,214 |  |  | 4.1 | %
New York - Suburban |  | 3,878 |  |  | 3,780 |  |  | 3,666 |  |  | 3.1 | % |  | 95.8 | % |  | 95.3 | % |  | 0.5 | % |  | 84,239 |  |  | 81,276 |  |  | 3.6 | %
New Jersey |  | 5,157 |  |  | 3,400 |  |  | 3,363 |  |  | 1.1 | % |  | 96.4 | % |  | 95.6 | % |  | 0.8 | % |  | 101,465 |  |  | 99,525 |  |  | 1.9 | %
Metro NY/NJ |  | 12,643 |  |  | 3,805 |  |  | 3,703 |  |  | 2.8 | % |  | 96.1 | % |  | 95.7 | % |  | 0.4 | % |  | 277,507 |  |  | 269,015 |  |  | 3.2 | %
Mid-Atlantic |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Washington DC |  | 1,516 |  |  | 2,534 |  |  | 2,442 |  |  | 3.8 | % |  | 92.4 | % |  | 91.1 | % |  | 1.3 | % |  | 21,298 |  |  | 20,259 |  |  | 5.1 | %
Northern Virginia |  | 6,821 |  |  | 2,764 |  |  | 2,613 |  |  | 5.8 | % |  | 96.9 | % |  | 96.6 | % |  | 0.3 | % |  | 109,580 |  |  | 103,302 |  |  | 6.1 | %
Suburban Maryland |  | 2,595 |  |  | 2,329 |  |  | 2,288 |  |  | 1.8 | % |  | 96.1 | % |  | 95.6 | % |  | 0.5 | % |  | 34,833 |  |  | 34,051 |  |  | 2.3 | %
Baltimore, MD |  | 3,154 |  |  | 2,343 |  |  | 2,257 |  |  | 3.8 | % |  | 94.5 | % |  | 95.6 | % |  | (1.1) | % |  | 41,903 |  |  | 40,813 |  |  | 2.7 | %
Mid-Atlantic |  | 14,086 |  |  | 2,565 |  |  | 2,456 |  |  | 4.4 | % |  | 95.8 | % |  | 95.6 | % |  | 0.2 | % |  | 207,614 |  |  | 198,425 |  |  | 4.6 | %
Southeast FL |  | 2,837 |  |  | 2,907 |  |  | 2,900 |  |  | 0.2 | % |  | 97.0 | % |  | 97.3 | % |  | (0.3) | % |  | 47,996 |  |  | 48,031 |  |  | (0.1) | %
Denver, CO |  | 1,539 |  |  | 2,346 |  |  | 2,308 |  |  | 1.6 | % |  | 94.7 | % |  | 94.8 | % |  | (0.1) | % |  | 20,515 |  |  | 20,202 |  |  | 1.5 | %
Pacific Northwest |  | 5,109 |  |  | 2,872 |  |  | 2,748 |  |  | 4.5 | % |  | 96.4 | % |  | 96.7 | % |  | (0.3) | % |  | 84,861 |  |  | 81,475 |  |  | 4.2 | %
Northern California |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
San Jose |  | 4,727 |  |  | 3,128 |  |  | 3,039 |  |  | 2.9 | % |  | 96.4 | % |  | 96.5 | % |  | (0.1) | % |  | 85,512 |  |  | 83,147 |  |  | 2.8 | %
East Bay |  | 4,244 |  |  | 2,792 |  |  | 2,773 |  |  | 0.7 | % |  | 95.9 | % |  | 95.1 | % |  | 0.8 | % |  | 68,162 |  |  | 67,176 |  |  | 1.5 | %
San Francisco |  | 3,075 |  |  | 3,532 |  |  | 3,434 |  |  | 2.9 | % |  | 96.6 | % |  | 96.0 | % |  | 0.6 | % |  | 62,944 |  |  | 60,794 |  |  | 3.5 | %
Northern California |  | 12,046 |  |  | 3,113 |  |  | 3,045 |  |  | 2.2 | % |  | 96.3 | % |  | 95.9 | % |  | 0.4 | % |  | 216,618 |  |  | 211,117 |  |  | 2.6 | %
Southern California |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Los Angeles |  | 12,005 |  |  | 2,890 |  |  | 2,823 |  |  | 2.4 | % |  | 95.9 | % |  | 96.2 | % |  | (0.3) | % |  | 199,605 |  |  | 195,543 |  |  | 2.1 | %
Orange County |  | 4,024 |  |  | 3,011 |  |  | 2,912 |  |  | 3.4 | % |  | 96.3 | % |  | 96.1 | % |  | 0.2 | % |  | 70,022 |  |  | 67,579 |  |  | 3.6 | %
San Diego |  | 1,767 |  |  | 2,997 |  |  | 2,925 |  |  | 2.5 | % |  | 96.8 | % |  | 96.5 | % |  | 0.3 | % |  | 30,775 |  |  | 29,926 |  |  | 2.8 | %
Southern California |  | 17,796 |  |  | 2,928 |  |  | 2,855 |  |  | 2.6 | % |  | 96.1 | % |  | 96.2 | % |  | (0.1) | % |  | 300,402 |  |  | 293,048 |  |  | 2.5 | %
Other Expansion Regions |  | 2,512 |  |  | 1,897 |  |  | 1,909 |  |  | (0.6) | % |  | 95.5 | % |  | 93.0 | % |  | 2.5 | % |  | 27,306 |  |  | 26,799 |  |  | 1.9 | %
Total Same Store |  | 78,103 |  |  | $ | 3,044 |  |  | $ | 2,959 |  |  | 2.9 | % |  | 96.1 | % |  | 96.0 | % |  | 0.1 | % |  | $ | 1,371,215 |  |  | $ | 1,331,323 |  |  | 3.0 | %

(1) Reflects concessions amortized over the average lease term and includes uncollectible lease revenue. Residential Revenue with Concessions on a Cash Basis for the Company's Same Store portfolio increased by 2.9%. See Attachment 13, table 10.

14

Attachment 7
AvalonBay Communities, Inc.
Residential Operating Expenses ("Opex") - Same Store (1)
June 30, 2025
(Dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)

|  | Q2 2025 |  | Q2 2024 |  | % Change |  | Q2 2025 % of Total Opex |  | YTD 2025 |  | YTD 2024 |  | % Change |  | YTD 2025 % of Total Opex
Property taxes (2) |  | $ | 77,201 |  |  | $ | 75,497 |  |  | 2.3 | % |  | 36.4 | % |  | $ | 152,387 |  |  | $ | 149,953 |  |  | 1.6 | % |  | 36.0 | %
Payroll (3) |  | 39,719 |  |  | 37,641 |  |  | 5.5 | % |  | 18.8 | % |  | 78,973 |  |  | 76,626 |  |  | 3.1 | % |  | 18.7 | %
Repairs & maintenance (4) |  | 38,641 |  |  | 37,633 |  |  | 2.7 | % |  | 18.2 | % |  | 76,325 |  |  | 70,525 |  |  | 8.2 | % |  | 18.0 | %
Utilities (5) |  | 25,446 |  |  | 23,804 |  |  | 6.9 | % |  | 12.0 | % |  | 55,119 |  |  | 52,280 |  |  | 5.4 | % |  | 13.0 | %
Office operations |  | 16,046 |  |  | 15,695 |  |  | 2.2 | % |  | 7.6 | % |  | 31,771 |  |  | 31,460 |  |  | 1.0 | % |  | 7.5 | %
Insurance (6) |  | 10,033 |  |  | 10,260 |  |  | (2.2) | % |  | 4.7 | % |  | 20,067 |  |  | 19,621 |  |  | 2.3 | % |  | 4.8 | %
Marketing (7) |  | 4,834 |  |  | 4,002 |  |  | 20.8 | % |  | 2.3 | % |  | 8,488 |  |  | 7,143 |  |  | 18.8 | % |  | 2.0 | %
Total Same Store Residential Operating Expenses |  | $ | 211,920 |  |  | $ | 204,532 |  |  | 3.6 | % |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 423,130 |  |  | $ | 407,608 |  |  | 3.8 | % |  | 100.0 | %

(1) | Same Store operating expenses exclude indirect costs for corporate-level property management and other support-related services.
(2) | Property taxes increased for Q2 and YTD 2025 over the prior year periods due to (i) increased assessments across the portfolio and (ii) the expiration of property tax incentive programs primarily at certain of our properties in New York City. The expiration of property tax incentive programs represents $881 or 52% of the 2.3% increase in property taxes for Q2 2025 and $1,737 or 71% of the 1.6% increase in property taxes for YTD 2025. These increases were partially offset by decreased tax rates and/or successful appeals at certain of our properties.
(3) | Payroll costs increased for Q2 and YTD 2025 over the prior year periods primarily due to increased employee benefit costs, growth in average salaries and bonus achievement, partially offset by a reduction in on-site associates.
(4) | Repairs and maintenance increased for Q2 and YTD 2025 over the prior year periods due to increased third-party maintenance labor costs and the continued deployment of smart home technology.
(5) | Utilities increased for Q2 and YTD 2025 over the prior year periods primarily due to the continued implementation of the Company’s bulk internet offering, the costs for which are more than offset by the bulk internet revenue. The bulk internet offering is $1,528 and $3,655 of the increase in utilities for Q2 2025 and YTD 2025, respectively. The increases for Q2 and YTD 2025 are also due to increases in gas due to higher rates.
(6) | Insurance is composed of premiums, expected claims activity and associated reductions from receipt of claims recoveries. The decrease for Q2 2025 from the prior year period is primarily due to decreased property insurance premiums and the increase for YTD 2025 over the prior year period is primarily due to increased insurance claims activity, partially offset by decreased insurance premiums. Insurance costs can be variable due to the amounts and timing of estimated and actual claim activity and the related recoveries received.
(7) | Marketing increased for Q2 and YTD 2025 over the prior year periods primarily due to increased internet advertising costs.

15

Attachment 8
AvalonBay Communities, Inc.
Expensed Community Maintenance Costs and Capitalized Community Expenditures
June 30, 2025
(Dollars in thousands, except per home data)
(unaudited)

|  |  |  | YTD 2025 Maintenance Expensed Per Home |  | Categorization of YTD 2025 Additional Capitalized Value (1)
Current Communities |  | Apartment Homes (2) |  | Carpet Replacement |  | Other Maintenance (3) |  | Total |  | Acquisitions, Construction, Redevelopment & Dispositions (4) |  | NOI Enhancing (5) |  | Asset Preservation |  | Full Year 2025 Additional Capitalized Value |  | NOI Enhancing Per Home |  | Asset Preservation Per Home
Same Store |  | 78,103 |  |  | $ | 51 |  |  | $ | 1,471 |  |  | $ | 1,522 |  |  | $ | 14,061 |  | (6) | $ | 35,084 |  |  | $ | 68,317 |  |  | $ | 117,462 |  |  | $ | 449 |  |  | $ | 875 |
Other Stabilized |  | 6,297 |  |  | 18 |  |  | 937 |  |  | 955 |  |  | 617,754 |  | (7) | — |  |  | 947 |  |  | 618,701 |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 150 |
Development/Redevelopment (8) |  | 8,800 |  |  | — |  |  | 196 |  |  | 196 |  |  | 495,677 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 495,677 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Dispositions |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (109,284) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (109,284) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total |  | 93,200 |  |  | $ | 44 |  |  | $ | 1,315 |  |  | $ | 1,359 |  |  | $ | 1,018,208 |  |  | $ | 35,084 |  |  | $ | 69,264 |  |  | $ | 1,122,556 |  |  | N/A |  | N/A

(1) | Expenditures are capitalized for the acquisition or development of assets or for expenditures that extend the life of existing assets and benefit the Company for periods greater than a year.
(2) | Includes consolidated communities and excludes communities that have been sold or that are classified as held for sale.
(3) | Other maintenance includes maintenance and landscaping costs, as well as maintenance related payroll expense.
(4) | Includes the write-off of impaired assets and additional capitalized expenditures related to recognized casualty losses, if applicable.
(5) | This Attachment excludes capitalized expenditures for the commercial component of communities, which the Company classifies as NOI Enhancing. Same Store and Other Stabilized exclude $742 and $1,493, respectively, related to commercial space.
(6) | Consists primarily of expenditures for communities under redevelopment that have remained in Same Store with stabilized occupancy.
(7) | Represents acquired communities coupled with commitment close-outs and construction true-ups on recently constructed communities.
(8) | Includes communities under construction/reconstruction during the period, including communities where construction/reconstruction is complete.

Other Capitalized Costs
| Interest | Overhead
Q2 2025 | $ | 11,904 |  | $ | 14,172 |
Q1 2025 | $ | 10,479 |  | $ | 12,363 |
Q4 2024 | $ | 10,039 |  | $ | 11,307 |
Q3 2024 | $ | 10,348 |  | $ | 12,996 |

16

Attachment 9
AvalonBay Communities, Inc.
Development Communities as of June 30, 2025
(unaudited)

Community Information |  | Number |  | Total |  | Actual/Projected Schedule |  | Avg |  | % | % | % |  | %
|  |  |  |  |  | of |  | Capital |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Full Qtr |  | Monthly |  | Complete | Leased | Occupied |  | Economic
|  |  |  |  |  | Apt |  | Cost |  |  |  | Initial |  |  |  | Stabilized |  | Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Occ.
Development Name |  | Location |  | Homes |  | (millions) |  | Start |  | Occupancy | Complete |  | Ops |  | Per Home |  | As of July 21st, 2025 |  | Q2 '25
|  | Communities Under Construction: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1. | Avalon West Windsor (1) |  | West Windsor, NJ |  | 535 |  |  | $ | 210 |  |  | Q2 2022 |  | Q3 2025 |  | Q2 2026 |  | Q4 2026 |  | $ | 3,040 |  | — |  |  | 10 | % |  | — |  |  | — |
2. | Avalon Annapolis |  | Annapolis, MD |  | 508 |  |  | 199 |  |  | Q3 2022 |  | Q3 2024 |  | Q3 2025 |  | Q2 2026 |  | 2,800 |  | 91 | % |  | 55 | % |  | 48 | % |  | 36 | %
3. | Avalon Lake Norman (2) |  | Mooresville, NC |  | 345 |  |  | 101 |  |  | Q1 2023 |  | Q2 2025 |  | Q2 2026 |  | Q3 2026 |  | 1,945 |  | 28 | % |  | 7 | % |  | 3 | % |  | 1 | %
4. | Avalon Hunt Valley West |  | Hunt Valley, MD |  | 322 |  |  | 106 |  |  | Q2 2023 |  | Q1 2025 |  | Q4 2025 |  | Q3 2026 |  | 2,565 |  | 53 | % |  | 42 | % |  | 33 | % |  | 14 | %
5. | Avalon South Miami (1) |  | South Miami, FL |  | 290 |  |  | 186 |  |  | Q3 2023 |  | Q3 2025 |  | Q1 2026 |  | Q3 2026 |  | 4,535 |  | — |  |  | 5 | % |  | — |  |  | — |
6. | Avalon Wayne |  | Wayne, NJ |  | 473 |  |  | 171 |  |  | Q4 2023 |  | Q2 2025 |  | Q3 2026 |  | Q1 2027 |  | 3,210 |  | 8 | % |  | 6 | % |  | 4 | % |  | 1 | %
7. | Avalon Parsippany |  | Parsippany, NJ |  | 410 |  |  | 147 |  |  | Q4 2023 |  | Q3 2025 |  | Q2 2026 |  | Q4 2026 |  | 2,990 |  | — |  |  | 3 | % |  | — |  |  | — |
8. | Avalon Pleasanton (3) |  | Pleasanton, CA |  | 362 |  |  | 218 |  |  | Q2 2024 |  | Q3 2025 |  | Q3 2027 |  | Q1 2028 |  | 3,750 |  | — |  |  | 3 | % |  | — |  |  | — |
9. | Avalon Roseland II |  | Roseland, NJ |  | 533 |  |  | 199 |  |  | Q2 2024 |  | Q4 2025 |  | Q4 2026 |  | Q2 2027 |  | 3,135 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
10. | Avalon Quincy Adams |  | Quincy, MA |  | 288 |  |  | 124 |  |  | Q2 2024 |  | Q1 2026 |  | Q3 2026 |  | Q2 2027 |  | 3,250 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
11. | Avalon Tech Ridge I |  | Austin, TX |  | 444 |  |  | 120 |  |  | Q3 2024 |  | Q1 2026 |  | Q1 2027 |  | Q3 2027 |  | 2,145 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
12. | Avalon Carmel (2) |  | Charlotte, NC |  | 360 |  |  | 123 |  |  | Q3 2024 |  | Q2 2026 |  | Q3 2026 |  | Q3 2027 |  | 2,405 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
13. | Avalon Plano (2) |  | Plano, TX |  | 155 |  |  | 58 |  |  | Q3 2024 |  | Q2 2026 |  | Q2 2027 |  | Q4 2027 |  | 2,950 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
14. | Avalon Oakridge I |  | Durham, NC |  | 459 |  |  | 149 |  |  | Q3 2024 |  | Q4 2026 |  | Q4 2027 |  | Q2 2028 |  | 2,325 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
15. | AVA Brewer's Hill |  | Baltimore, MD |  | 418 |  |  | 134 |  |  | Q4 2024 |  | Q4 2026 |  | Q3 2027 |  | Q1 2028 |  | 2,650 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
16. | Kanso Hillcrest |  | San Diego, CA |  | 182 |  |  | 85 |  |  | Q4 2024 |  | Q1 2027 |  | Q2 2027 |  | Q4 2027 |  | 3,245 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
17. | Avalon Parker |  | Parker, CO |  | 312 |  |  | 122 |  |  | Q1 2025 |  | Q3 2026 |  | Q2 2027 |  | Q1 2028 |  | 2,670 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
18. | Avalon North Palm Beach (1) |  | Lake Park, FL |  | 279 |  |  | 118 |  |  | Q1 2025 |  | Q1 2027 |  | Q3 2027 |  | Q1 2028 |  | 3,290 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
19. | Avalon Brier Creek |  | Durham, NC |  | 400 |  |  | 127 |  |  | Q2 2025 |  | Q3 2026 |  | Q3 2027 |  | Q1 2028 |  | 2,365 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
20. | Avalon Kendall (2) |  | Kendall, FL |  | 224 |  |  | 83 |  |  | Q2 2025 |  | Q1 2027 |  | Q2 2027 |  | Q1 2028 |  | 2,935 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
|  | Total / Weighted Average Under Construction |  | 7,299 |  |  | $ | 2,780 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,875 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Communities Completed this Quarter: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1 |  | Avalon Princeton on Harrison |  | Princeton, NJ |  | 200 |  |  | 79 |  |  | Q3 2023 |  | Q1 2025 |  | Q2 2025 |  | Q1 2026 |  | $ | 3,295 |  |  | 100 | % |  | 70 | % |  | 61 | % |  | 33 | %
|  | Communities Completed Subtotal/Weighted Average |  | 200 |  |  | $ | 79 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 3,295 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Total/Weighted Average Under Construction and Completed this quarter |  | 7,499 |  |  | $ | 2,859 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,885 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Total Weighted Average Projected NOI as a % of Total Capital Cost | 6.2 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Asset Cost Basis (millions) (4): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Total Capital Cost, under construction and completed |  | $ | 3,232 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Total Capital Cost, disbursed to date |  | (1,855) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Total Capital Cost, remaining to invest |  | $ | 1,377 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

(1) | Developments containing at least 10,000 square feet of commercial space include Avalon West Windsor (19,000 sf), Avalon South Miami (32,000 sf), and Avalon North Palm Beach (10,000 sf).
(2) | Communities being developed through the Developer Funding Program, which utilizes third-party multifamily developers to source and construct communities that the Company owns and operates.
(3) | During Q2 2025, the Company expanded the Avalon Pleasanton development in Pleasanton, CA, adding an additional 280 apartment homes.
(4) | Includes the communities presented and three additional communities with 952 apartment homes representing $373 million in Total Capital Costs which have completed construction but not yet achieved Stabilized Operations for the full quarter. Q2 2025 NOI for these 24 communities was $2 million.

17

Attachment 10
AvalonBay Communities, Inc.
Unconsolidated Operating Communities and Structured Investment Program
June 30, 2025
(Dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)

Unconsolidated Operating Communities
|  |  |  |  |  |  | NOI (1)(2) |  | Debt |  |
|  |  |  | AVB | Apartment |  | Q2 |  | YTD |  | Principal |  | Interest |  |  |  |
Venture |  | Communities |  | Ownership |  | Homes |  | 2025 |  | 2025 |  | Amount (1) |  | Rate (3) |  |  |  |
NYTA MF Investors, LLC |  | 5 |  | 20.0 | % |  | 1,301 |  |  | $ | 9,934 |  |  | $ | 19,923 |  |  | $ | 394,734 |  |  | 3.88 | % |  |  |  |
Avalon at Mission Bay II (4) |  | 1 |  | 25.0 | % |  | 313 |  |  | 2,251 |  |  | 4,458 |  |  | 103,000 |  |  | 3.24 | % |  |  |  |
Brandywine |  | 1 |  | 28.6 | % |  | 305 |  |  | 1,111 |  |  | 2,111 |  |  | 18,013 |  |  | 3.40 | % |  |  |  |
Avalon Alderwood Place |  | 1 |  | 50.0 | % |  | 328 |  |  | 1,980 |  |  | 3,671 |  |  | — |  |  | — | % |  |  |  |
AVA Arts District (5) |  | 1 |  | 25.0 | % |  | 475 |  |  | 2,196 |  |  | 4,614 |  |  | 161,000 |  |  | 7.15 | % |  |  |  |
Total Unconsolidated Operating Communities |  | 9 |  |  |  | 2,722 |  |  | $ | 17,472 |  |  | $ | 34,777 |  |  | $ | 676,747 |  |  | 4.55 | % |  |  |  |

(1)NOI and debt principal amount are presented at 100% ownership.
(2)NOI excludes property management fees as the Company serves as the property management company for all ventures except for Brandywine.
(3)Represents the weighted average interest rate as of June 30, 2025.
(4)In July 2025, Avalon at Mission Bay II repaid its $103,000 fixed rate debt at par upon maturity. The equity investors contributed capital to repay the oustanding loan.
(5)In Q2 2025 AVA Arts District secured a variable rate loan of up to $173,000, and used the proceeds drawn to repay its outstanding $158,735 variable rate construction loan which was scheduled to mature in August 2025, at par. The outstanding borrowing is subject to an interest rate cap, which will limit the interest rate to 8.2%, based on the current borrowing spread.

Structured Investment Program
Year of Commitment |  | Number of Commitments (1) |  | Commitments |  |  |  |  | Weighted Average Initial Quarter of Maturity (2)
2022 |  | 3 |  | $ | 92,375 |  |  |  |  |  | Q2 2026
2023 |  | 4 |  | 99,210 |  |  |  |  |  | Q3 2027
2024 |  | — |  | — |  |  |  |  |  | —
2025 |  | 1 |  | 20,000 |  |  |  |  |  | Q1 2028
Total |  | 8 |  | $ | 211,585 |  |  |  |  |  | Q1 2027

(1)Consists of investments with a weighted average return of 11.6% based on total commitments. The Company has funded $202,179 of these commitments as of June 30, 2025.
(2)Excludes the impact of extension options which typically allow the borrower to extend the maturity of their loan by up to two years from the initial maturity.

18

Attachment 11
AvalonBay Communities, Inc.
Debt Structure and Select Debt Metrics
June 30, 2025
(Dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)

DEBT COMPOSITION AND MATURITIES
|  |  |  |  |  | Average Interest Rate (1) |  | Principal Amortization Payments and Maturities (2)
Debt Composition |  | Amount |  |  | Year | Secured notes amortization and maturities | Unsecured notes maturities | Total
Secured notes |  |  |  |  |  | 2025 | $ | 1,935 |  | $ | 300,000 |  | $ | 301,935 |
| Fixed rate |  | $ | 332,949 |  |  | 3.9 | % |  | 2026 | 11,811 |  | 775,000 |  | 786,811 |
| Variable rate |  | 392,050 |  |  | 3.5 | % |  | 2027 | 250,159 |  | 400,000 |  | 650,159 |
| Subtotal, secured notes |  | 724,999 |  |  | 3.7 | % |  | 2028 | 19,002 |  | 850,000 |  | 869,002 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  | 2029 | 131,561 |  | 900,000 |  | 1,031,561 |
Unsecured notes |  |  |  |  |  | 2030 | 9,000 |  | 700,000 |  | 709,000 |
| Fixed rate (3) |  | 7,325,000 |  |  | 3.5 | % |  | 2031 | 9,600 |  | 600,000 |  | 609,600 |
| Subtotal, unsecured notes |  | 7,325,000 |  |  | 3.5 | % |  | 2032 | 10,400 |  | 700,000 |  | 710,400 |
|  |  |  |  |  | 2033 | 11,900 |  | 750,000 |  | 761,900 |
Variable rate facility (4) |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 2034 | 12,800 |  | 400,000 |  | 412,800 |
Commercial paper (4) |  | 665,000 |  |  | 4.6 | % |  | Thereafter | 256,831 |  | 950,000 |  | 1,206,831 |
Total Debt |  | $ | 8,714,999 |  |  | 3.6 | % |  |  | $ | 724,999 |  | $ | 7,325,000 |  | $ | 8,049,999 |

SELECT DEBT METRICS
Q2 2025 Net Debt-to-Core EBITDAre (5) | 4.4x |  | Q2 2025 Interest Coverage (5) | 7.1x |  | YTD 2025 Unencumbered NOI (5) | 95% |  | Weighted avg years to maturity of total debt (2) | 6.8

DEBT COVENANT COMPLIANCE
Unsecured Line of Credit Covenants |  | June 30, 2025 |  | Requirement |
| Total Outstanding Indebtedness to Capitalization Value (6) |  | 24.6 | % |  |  | < | 65% |
| Combined EBITDA to Combined Debt Service |  | 6.29x |  |  | > | 1.50x |
| Unsecured Indebtedness to Unencumbered Asset Value |  | 23.6 | % |  |  | < | 65% |
| Secured Indebtedness to Capitalization Value (6) |  | 2.2 | % |  |  | < | 40% |
Unsecured Senior Notes Covenants (7) |  | June 30, 2025 |  | Requirement |
| Total Outstanding Indebtedness to Total Assets (8) |  | 30.0 | % |  |  | < | 65% |
| Secured Indebtedness to Total Assets (8) |  | 2.5 | % |  |  | < | 40% |
| Unencumbered Assets to Unsecured Indebtedness |  | 343.1 | % |  |  | > | 150% |
| Consolidated Income Available for Debt Service to the Annual Service Charge |  | 7.20x |  |  | > | 1.50x |

(1) | Rates are as of June 30, 2025 and, for secured and unsecured notes, include costs of financing such as credit enhancement fees, trustees' fees, the impact of interest rate hedges and mark-to-market adjustments.
(2) | Excludes the Company's (i) Credit Facility, (ii) commercial paper and (iii) any associated issuance discount, mark-to-market discounts and deferred financing costs, if applicable.
(3) | Includes the $450,000 term loan that has been swapped to an effective fixed rate of 4.46% using interest rate hedges.
(4) | Represents amounts outstanding at June 30, 2025 under the Company's (i) Credit Facility and (ii) unsecured commercial paper program, which is backstopped by, and reduces the borrowing capacity of, the Credit Facility.
(5) | See Attachment 13 - Definitions and Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Terms.
(6) | Capitalization Value represents the Company’s Combined EBITDA for operating communities that the Company has owned for at least 12 months as of June 30, 2025, capitalized at a rate of 5.75% per annum, plus the book value of Development communities and real estate communities acquired. For discussion of other defined terms, see "Debt Covenant Compliance" in Attachment 13 - Definitions and Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Terms.
(7) | The information about the Company’s unsecured senior notes covenants shows compliance with selected covenants under the Company’s 1998 Indenture, under which debt securities are outstanding with maturity dates through 2047, subject to prepayment or redemption at the Company’s election. See “Debt Covenant Compliance” in Attachment 13 - Definitions and Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Terms. Different covenants apply to debt securities outstanding under the Company’s 2018 Indenture and 2024 Indenture.
(8) | Total Assets represents the sum of the Company's undepreciated real estate assets and other assets, excluding accounts receivable. See "Debt Covenant Compliance" in Attachment 13 - Definitions and Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Terms.

19

Attachment 12
AvalonBay Communities, Inc.
2025 Financial Outlook
As of July 30, 2025
(dollars in millions, except per share and apartment home data)
(unaudited)

Financial Outlook (1)
|  |  |  | July 2025 Outlook |  | February 2025 Outlook
|  | 2024 Actual |  | Full Year 2025 Projected |  | 2025 Midpoint |  | Change |  | Full Year 2025 Projected |  | 2025 Midpoint |  | Change
EPS | $7.60 |  | $7.75 | to | $8.15 |  | $7.95 |  | 4.6% |  | $8.24 | to | $8.74 |  | $8.49 |  | 11.7%
FFO per share | $10.98 |  | $11.06 | to | $11.46 |  | $11.26 |  | 2.6% |  | $11.07 | to | $11.57 |  | $11.32 |  | 3.1%
Core FFO per share | $11.01 |  | $11.19 | to | $11.59 |  | $11.39 |  | 3.5% |  | $11.14 | to | $11.64 |  | $11.39 |  | 3.5%

Assumptions |  | Key Capital Items |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  | Full Year 2025 Projected |  |  |  | Full Year 2025 Projected |  |
|  |  |  |  | Jul 2025 |  | Feb 2025 |  |  |  | Jul 2025 |  | Feb 2025 |  |
|  |  |  |  | Outlook |  | Outlook |  |  |  | Outlook |  | Outlook |  |
| Same Store assumptions: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | New capital sourced from capital markets activity and asset sales |  | $1,075 |  | $960 |  |
| Residential revenue change (2) |  |  |  | 2.3% - 3.3% |  | 2.0% - 4.0% |  |  |  |  |
| Residential Opex change |  |  |  | 2.6% - 3.6% |  | 3.0% - 5.2% |  | Settlement of forward equity contracts |  | $890 |  | $890 |  |
| Residential NOI change |  |  |  | 2.0% - 3.4% |  | 1.3% - 3.5% |  | Capital used for debt redemptions and amortization |  | $835 |  | $835 |  |
| Capitalized interest |  |  |  | $48 - $52 |  | $46 - $56 |  | Capital used for investment activities (4) |  | $1,230 |  | $1,300 |  |
| Expected capital cost for Development started in 2025 |  | $1,700 |  | $1,500 - $1,700 |  | Projected cash and cash equivalents, 12/31/2025 |  | $425 |  | $275 |  |
| Development homes completed and delivered in 2025 |  |  |  | 2,180 |  | 2,100 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Development homes occupied in 2025 |  |  |  | 2,160 |  | 2,200 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2025 Projected Residential NOI - Development |  | $23 - $27 |  | $27 - $33 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| SIP |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| New commitments in 2025 |  |  |  | $75 |  | $75 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2025 projected SIP income, included in Core FFO |  | $25 - $27 |  | $23 - $27 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Expensed overhead growth (3) |  |  |  | (5.75%) - (3.75%) |  | (11.5%) - (9.0%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Expensed overhead growth, included in Core FFO (3) |  | (1.0%) - 1.0% |  | (3.0%) - (0.5%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

(1)See Attachment 13 for Definitions and Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures, including the reconciliation of Projected EPS to Projected FFO per share and Projected FFO per share to Projected Core FFO per share and the reconciliation of net income to NOI.
(2)The decrease in the Company's projected full year Same Store Residential revenue growth relative to its initial outlook is partially due to changes in the composition of the Same Store segment attributable to completed and planned disposition activity.
(3)Expensed overhead includes general and administrative expense, property management and other indirect operating expenses. Expensed overhead, included in Core FFO, represents expensed overhead adjusted to remove the impact of executive transition compensation costs as well as legal and other settlements as detailed on Attachment 13, table 9.
(4)Includes (i) development and redevelopment activity, including land, (ii) funding the Company's SIP commitments and (iii) joint venture funding.

20

Attachment 13
AvalonBay Communities, Inc.
Definitions and Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Terms
June 30, 2025
(unaudited)
This release, including its attachments, contains certain non-GAAP financial measures and other terms. The definitions and calculations of these non-GAAP financial measures and other terms may differ from the definitions and methodologies used by other REITs and, accordingly, may not be comparable. The non-GAAP financial measures referred to below should not be considered an alternative to net income as an indication of our performance. In addition, these non-GAAP financial measures do not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP and therefore should not be considered as an alternative measure of liquidity or as indicative of cash available to fund cash needs.
Asset Preservation Capex represents capital expenditures that the Company does not expect will directly result in increased revenue or expense savings.
Average Monthly Revenue per Home, as calculated for certain Development communities in lease-up, reflects management’s projected stabilized rents net of estimated stabilized concessions, including estimated stabilized other revenue and excluding projected commercial revenue. Projected stabilized rents are based on one or more of the following: (i) actual average leased rents on apartments leased through quarter end, (ii) projected rollover rents on apartments leased through quarter end where the lease term expires within the first twelve months of Stabilized Operations and (iii) Market Rents on unleased homes.
Average Monthly Revenue per Occupied Home is calculated by the Company as Residential revenue in accordance with GAAP, divided by the weighted average number of occupied apartment homes.
Commercial represents results attributable to the non-apartment components of the Company's mixed-use communities and other non-residential operations.
Debt Covenant Compliance ratios for the Unsecured Line of Credit Covenants show the Company's compliance with selected covenants provided in the Company’s Seventh Amended and Restated Revolving Loan Agreement (the "Credit Facility") dated as of April 3, 2025 which has been filed as an exhibit to the Company’s SEC reports. The ratios for the Unsecured Senior Notes Covenants show only the Company's compliance with selected covenants provided in the Company’s Indenture dated as of January 16, 1998, as supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture dated as of January 20, 1998, Second Supplemental Indenture dated as of July 7, 1998, Amended and Restated Third Supplemental Indenture dated as of July 20, 2000, Fourth Supplemental Indenture dated as of September 18, 2006 and Fifth Supplemental Indenture dated as of November 21, 2014 (collectively, the “1998 Indenture"), which have been filed as exhibits to the Company’s SEC reports. Different covenants apply to debt securities outstanding under the Company’s Indenture dated as of February 23, 2018, as supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture dated as of March 26, 2018 and the Second Supplemental Indenture dated as of May 29, 2018 (collectively the “2018 Indenture”), and under the Company's Indenture dated as of February 23, 2024, as supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture dated as of May 14, 2024 (collectively the "2024 Indenture"), which have been filed as exhibits to the Company's SEC reports. Compliance with selected covenants under the 2018 Indenture and 2024 Indenture are excluded from the presentation of Debt Covenant Compliance in this release.
The Debt Covenant Compliance ratios are provided only to show the Company’s compliance with certain covenants contained in the 1998 Indenture which are more restrictive than the 2018 Indenture and 2024 Indenture and in the Company’s Credit Facility, as of the date reported. These ratios should not be used for any other purpose, including without limitation to evaluate the Company’s financial condition or results of operations, nor do they indicate the Company’s covenant compliance as of any other date or for any other period. The capitalized terms in the disclosure are defined in the Indenture or the Credit Facility, and may differ materially from similar terms (i) used elsewhere in this release and the Attachments and (ii) used by other companies that present information about their covenant compliance. For risks related to failure to comply with these covenants, see “Risk Factors – Risks related to indebtedness” and other risks discussed in the Company’s 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K and the Company’s other reports filed with the SEC.
Development is composed of consolidated communities that are either currently under construction, or were under construction and were completed during the current year. These communities may be partially or fully complete and operating.
DownREIT Units means units representing limited partnership interests in the "downREIT" partnership that acquired the Dallas-Fort Worth assets. Each DownREIT Unit will be entitled to receive quarterly distributions at the same rate as quarterly dividends on a share of the Company’s common stock (pro rated for the time outstanding during the first quarter of issuance). Following the one-year anniversary of the closing date, each holder of a DownREIT Unit will have the right to initiate a transaction in which each DownREIT Unit may be redeemed for a cash amount related to the then-current trading price of one share of the Company’s common stock or, at the Company’s election, one share of the Company’s common stock.
21

Attachment 13
EBITDA, EBITDAre and Core EBITDAre are considered by management to be supplemental measures of our financial performance. EBITDA is defined by the Company as net income or loss computed in accordance with GAAP before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. EBITDAre is calculated by the Company in accordance with the definition adopted by the Board of Governors of the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“Nareit”), as EBITDA plus or minus losses and gains on the disposition of depreciated property, plus impairment write-downs of depreciated property, with adjustments to reflect the Company's share of EBITDAre of unconsolidated entities. Core EBITDAre is the Company’s EBITDAre as adjusted for non-core items outlined in the table below. By further adjusting for items that are not considered part of the Company’s core business operations, Core EBITDAre can help one compare the core operating and financial performance of the Company between periods. A reconciliation of EBITDA, EBITDAre and Core EBITDAre to net income is as follows (dollars in thousands):

TABLE 1
|  | Q2
|  | 2025
Net income |  | $ | 269,855 |
Interest expense and loss on extinguishment of debt |  | 67,026 |
Income tax benefit |  | (531) |
Depreciation expense |  | 231,730 |
EBITDA |  | $ | 568,080 |
Casualty loss |  | 858 |
Gain on sale of communities |  | (99,457) |
Unconsolidated entity EBITDAre adjustments (1) |  | 4,094 |
EBITDAre |  | $ | 473,575 |
Unconsolidated entity losses, net |  | 1,203 |
Structured Investment Program loan reserve |  | (247) |
Advocacy contributions |  | 87 |
Hedge accounting activity |  | 3 |
Severance related costs |  | 26 |
Expensed transaction, development and other pursuit costs, net of recoveries |  | 1,407 |
Other real estate activity |  | (3,614) |
Legal settlements and costs |  | 4,098 |
Core EBITDAre |  | $ | 476,538 |
(1) Includes joint venture interest, taxes, depreciation, gain on dispositions of depreciated real estate and impairment losses, if applicable, included in net income.

Economic Gain is calculated by the Company as the gain on sale in accordance with GAAP, less accumulated depreciation through the date of sale and any other adjustments that may be required under GAAP accounting. Management generally considers Economic Gain to be an appropriate supplemental measure to gain on sale in accordance with GAAP because it helps investors to understand the relationship between the cash proceeds from a sale and the cash invested in the sold community. The Economic Gain for disposed communities is based on their respective final settlement statements. A reconciliation of the aggregate Economic Gain to the aggregate gain on sale in accordance with GAAP for the wholly-owned communities disposed of during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 is as follows (dollars in thousands):

TABLE 2
| Q2 2025 |  | YTD 2025
Gain on sale in accordance with GAAP | $ | 99,636 |  |  | $ | 156,112 |
Accumulated Depreciation and Other | (27,988) |  |  | (46,298) |
Economic Gain | $ | 71,648 |  |  | $ | 109,814 |

Economic Occupancy is defined as total possible Residential revenue less vacancy loss as a percentage of total possible Residential revenue. Total possible Residential revenue (also known as “gross potential”) is determined by valuing occupied units at contract rates and vacant units at Market Rents. Vacancy loss is determined by valuing vacant units at current Market Rents. By measuring vacant apartments at their Market Rents, Economic Occupancy takes into account the fact that apartment homes of different sizes and locations within a community have different economic impacts on a community’s gross revenue.
22

Attachment 13
FFO and Core FFO are generally considered by management to be appropriate supplemental measures of our operating and financial performance. FFO is calculated by the Company in accordance with the definition adopted by Nareit. FFO is calculated by the Company as Net income or loss attributable to common stockholders computed in accordance with GAAP, adjusted for gains or losses on sales of previously depreciated operating communities, cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle, impairment write-downs of depreciable real estate assets, write-downs of investments in affiliates due to a decrease in the value of depreciable real estate assets held by those affiliates and depreciation of real estate assets, including similar adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures, including those from a change in control. FFO can help one compare the operating and financial performance of a real estate company between periods or as compared to different companies because adjustments such as (i) gains or losses on sales of previously depreciated property or (ii) real estate depreciation may impact comparability between companies as the amount and timing of these or similar items can vary among owners of identical assets in similar condition based on historical cost accounting and useful life estimates. Core FFO is the Company's FFO as adjusted for non-core items outlined in the table below. By further adjusting for items that we do not consider to be part of our core business operations, Core FFO can help with the comparison of core operating performance of the Company between periods. A reconciliation of Net income attributable to common stockholders to FFO and to Core FFO is as follows (dollars in thousands):

TABLE 3
|  | Q2 |  | Q2 |  | YTD |  | YTD
|  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Net income attributable to common stockholders |  | $ | 268,665 |  |  | $ | 253,934 |  |  | $ | 505,262 |  |  | $ | 427,383 |
Depreciation - real estate assets, including joint venture adjustments |  | 230,264 |  |  | 206,338 |  |  | 446,891 |  |  | 417,685 |
Income attributable to noncontrolling interests |  | 1,190 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,190 |  |  | — |
Gain on sale of previously depreciated real estate |  | (99,457) |  |  | (68,556) |  |  | (155,926) |  |  | (68,486) |
Casualty loss on real estate |  | 858 |  |  | — |  |  | 858 |  |  | 2,935 |
FFO |  | 401,520 |  |  | 391,716 |  |  | 798,275 |  |  | 779,517 |
Adjusting items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unconsolidated entity losses (gains), net (1) |  | 1,223 |  |  | (1,177) |  |  | 2,465 |  |  | (9,562) |
Structured Investment Program loan reserve (2) |  | (247) |  |  | (16) |  |  | (230) |  |  | 42 |
Hedge accounting activity |  | 3 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 22 |  |  | 55 |
Advocacy contributions |  | 87 |  |  | 2,107 |  |  | 87 |  |  | 2,182 |
Executive transition compensation costs |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 104 |
Severance related costs |  | 26 |  |  | 1,030 |  |  | 202 |  |  | 1,241 |
Expensed transaction, development and other pursuit costs, net of recoveries (3) |  | 1,407 |  |  | 471 |  |  | 5,295 |  |  | 3,605 |
Other real estate activity (4) |  | (3,614) |  |  | (160) |  |  | (3,747) |  |  | (281) |
Legal settlements and costs (5) |  | 4,098 |  |  | 644 |  |  | 5,576 |  |  | 1,508 |
Income tax benefit |  | (531) |  |  | (62) |  |  | (647) |  |  | (84) |
Core FFO |  | $ | 403,972 |  |  | $ | 394,569 |  |  | $ | 807,298 |  |  | $ | 778,327 |
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted |  | 143,292,306 |  |  | 142,389,866 |  |  | 142,889,432 |  |  | 142,306,310 |
Earnings per common share - diluted |  | $ | 1.88 |  |  | $ | 1.78 |  |  | $ | 3.54 |  |  | $ | 3.00 |
FFO per common share - diluted |  | $ | 2.80 |  |  | $ | 2.75 |  |  | $ | 5.59 |  |  | $ | 5.48 |
Core FFO per common share - diluted |  | $ | 2.82 |  |  | $ | 2.77 |  |  | $ | 5.65 |  |  | $ | 5.47 |
(1) Amounts consist primarily of net unrealized losses (gains) on third-party property technology and sustainability fund investments.
(2) Changes are the expected credit losses associated with the Company's lending commitments primarily under its SIP. The timing and amount of any actual losses that will be incurred, if any, is to be determined.
(3) Amount for YTD 2025 includes a write-off of $3,668 for one development opportunity that the Company determined is no longer probable.
(4) Amounts for Q2 and YTD 2025 consist primarily of the gain on the sale of a development right. Amounts for the Q2 and YTD 2024 consist primarily of gains on sale of other non-operating real estate, as well as the imputed carry cost of for-sale residential condominiums at The Park Loggia. We compute this adjustment by multiplying the total capitalized cost of the unsold for-sale residential condominiums by our weighted average unsecured debt effective interest rate.
(5) Amounts for Q2 and YTD 2025 and Q2 and YTD 2024 include legal costs and legal settlements.

Interest Coverage is calculated by the Company as Core EBITDAre divided by interest expense. Interest Coverage is presented by the Company because it provides rating agencies and investors an additional means of comparing our ability to service debt obligations to that of other companies. A calculation of Interest Coverage for the three months ended June 30, 2025 is as follows (dollars in thousands):
23

Attachment 13

TABLE 4
Core EBITDAre (1) | $ | 476,538 |
Interest expense (2) | $ | 67,026 |
Interest Coverage | 7.1 times
(1) For additional detail, see Attachment 13 - Definitions and Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Terms, table 1.
(2) Excludes the impact of non-core hedge accounting activity.

Like-Term Effective Rent Change for an individual apartment home represents the percentage change in effective rent between two leases of the same lease term category for the same apartment. The Company defines effective rent as the contractual rent for an apartment less amortized concessions and discounts. Like-Term Effective Rent Change with respect to multiple apartment homes represents an average. New Move-In Like-Term Effective Rent Change is the change in effective rent between the contractual rent for a resident who moves out of an apartment, and the contractual rent for a resident who moves into the same apartment with the same lease term category. Renewal Like-Term Effective Rent Change is the change in effective rent between two consecutive leases of the same lease term category for the same resident occupying the same apartment.
Market Cap Rate is defined by the Company as Projected NOI of a single community for the first 12 months of operations (assuming no repositioning), less an estimate of typical capital expenditure allowance per apartment home, divided by the gross sales price for the community. Projected NOI, as referred to above, represents management’s estimate of projected rental revenue minus projected operating expenses before interest, income taxes (if any), depreciation and amortization. For this purpose, management’s projection of operating expenses for the community includes a management fee of 2.5% and an estimate of typical market costs for insurance, payroll and other operating expenses for which the Company may have proprietary advantages not available to a typical buyer. The Market Cap Rate, which may be determined in a different manner by others, is a measure frequently used in the real estate industry when determining the appropriate purchase price for a property or estimating the value for a property. Buyers may assign different Market Cap Rates to different communities when determining the appropriate value because they (i) may project different rates of change in operating expenses and capital expenditure estimates and (ii) may project different rates of change in future rental revenue due to different estimates for changes in rent and occupancy levels. The weighted average Market Cap Rate is weighted based on the gross sales price of each community.
Market Rents as reported by the Company are based on the current market rates set by the Company based on its experience in renting apartments and publicly available market data. Market Rents for a period are based on the average Market Rents during that period and do not reflect any impact for cash concessions.
Net Debt-to-Core EBITDAre is calculated by the Company as total debt (secured and unsecured notes, and the Company's Credit Facility and commercial paper program) that is consolidated for financial reporting purposes, less consolidated cash and restricted cash, divided by annualized second quarter 2025 Core EBITDAre. A calculation of Net Debt-to-Core EBITDAre is as follows (dollars in thousands):

TABLE 5
Total debt principal (1) | $ | 8,714,999 |
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash | (257,349) |
Net debt | $ | 8,457,650 |
Core EBITDAre (2) | $ | 476,538 |
Core EBITDAre, annualized | $ | 1,906,152 |
Net Debt-to-Core EBITDAre | 4.4 times
(1) Balance at June 30, 2025 excludes $39,765 of debt discount and deferred financing costs as reflected in unsecured notes, net, $14,776 of debt discount and deferred financing costs as reflected in notes payable, net, and $363 of commercial paper discount as reflected in unsecured credit facility and commercial paper, net on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(2) For additional detail, see Attachment 13 - Definitions and Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Terms, table 1.

24

Attachment 13
NOI is defined by the Company as total property revenue less direct property operating expenses (including property taxes), and excluding corporate-level income (including management, development and other fees), property management and other indirect operating expenses, net of corporate income, expensed transaction, development and other pursuit costs, net of recoveries, interest expense, net, loss on extinguishment of debt, net, general and administrative expense, income from unconsolidated investments, depreciation expense, income tax (benefit) expense, casualty loss, (gain) loss on sale of communities, other real estate activity and net operating income from real estate assets sold or held for sale. The Company considers NOI to be an important and appropriate supplemental performance measure to net income because it helps both investors and management to understand the core operations of a community or communities prior to the allocation of any corporate-level property management overhead or financing-related costs. NOI reflects the operating performance of a community and allows for an easier comparison of the operating performance of individual assets or groups of assets. In addition, because prospective buyers of real estate have different financing and overhead structures, with varying marginal impact to overhead as a result of acquiring real estate, NOI is considered by many in the real estate industry to be a useful measure for determining the value of a real estate asset or group of assets.
Residential NOI represents results attributable to the Company's apartment rental operations, including parking and other ancillary Residential revenue. Reconciliations of NOI and Residential NOI to net income, as well as a breakdown of Residential NOI by operating segment, are as follows (dollars in thousands):

TABLE 6
|  | Q2 |  | Q2 |  | Q1 |  | Q4 |  |  |  | YTD |  | YTD
|  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Net income |  | $ | 269,855 |  |  | $ | 254,007 |  |  | $ | 236,597 |  |  | $ | 282,092 |  |  |  |  | $ | 506,452 |  |  | $ | 427,564 |
Property management and other indirect operating expenses, net of corporate income |  | 38,153 |  |  | 37,553 |  |  | 36,100 |  |  | 49,688 |  |  |  |  | 74,253 |  |  | 72,757 |
Expensed transaction, development and other pursuit costs, net of recoveries |  | 2,493 |  |  | 1,417 |  |  | 4,744 |  |  | 11,106 |  |  |  |  | 7,237 |  |  | 5,662 |
Interest expense, net |  | 64,801 |  |  | 57,078 |  |  | 59,864 |  |  | 58,976 |  |  |  |  | 124,665 |  |  | 111,844 |
General and administrative expense |  | 22,997 |  |  | 19,586 |  |  | 19,780 |  |  | 17,691 |  |  |  |  | 42,777 |  |  | 39,917 |
Loss (income) from unconsolidated investments |  | 1,052 |  |  | (866) |  |  | 999 |  |  | 1,614 |  |  |  |  | 2,051 |  |  | (8,595) |
SIP interest income |  | (6,937) |  |  | (3,956) |  |  | (6,113) |  |  | (5,907) |  |  |  |  | (13,050) |  |  | (7,074) |
Depreciation expense |  | 231,730 |  |  | 206,923 |  |  | 217,888 |  |  | 215,539 |  |  |  |  | 449,618 |  |  | 419,192 |
Income tax benefit |  | (531) |  |  | (62) |  |  | (116) |  |  | (253) |  |  |  |  | (647) |  |  | (84) |
Casualty loss |  | 858 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 858 |  |  | 2,935 |
Gain on sale of communities |  | (99,457) |  |  | (68,556) |  |  | (56,469) |  |  | (121,841) |  |  |  |  | (155,926) |  |  | (68,486) |
Other real estate activity |  | (3,637) |  |  | (181) |  |  | (155) |  |  | (117) |  |  |  |  | (3,792) |  |  | (322) |
NOI from real estate assets sold or held for sale |  | (7,720) |  |  | (19,684) |  |  | (10,077) |  |  | (12,135) |  |  |  |  | (17,797) |  |  | (40,298) |
NOI |  | 513,657 |  |  | 483,259 |  |  | 503,042 |  |  | 496,453 |  |  |  |  | 1,016,699 |  |  | 955,012 |
Commercial NOI |  | (7,190) |  |  | (8,516) |  |  | (9,902) |  |  | (8,603) |  |  |  |  | (17,092) |  |  | (16,056) |
Residential NOI |  | $ | 506,467 |  |  | $ | 474,743 |  |  | $ | 493,140 |  |  | $ | 487,850 |  |  |  |  | $ | 999,607 |  |  | $ | 938,956 |
Residential NOI |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Same Store: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
New England |  | $ | 64,614 |  |  | $ | 63,790 |  |  | $ | 62,694 |  |  | $ | 63,917 |  |  |  |  | $ | 127,308 |  |  | $ | 125,280 |
Metro NY/NJ |  | 96,074 |  |  | 93,582 |  |  | 93,459 |  |  | 94,672 |  |  |  |  | 189,533 |  |  | 185,566 |
Mid-Atlantic |  | 72,860 |  |  | 69,296 |  |  | 72,117 |  |  | 71,145 |  |  |  |  | 144,977 |  |  | 138,132 |
Southeast FL |  | 15,160 |  |  | 15,530 |  |  | 17,089 |  |  | 15,125 |  |  |  |  | 32,249 |  |  | 31,021 |
Denver, CO |  | 7,231 |  |  | 7,249 |  |  | 7,461 |  |  | 7,430 |  |  |  |  | 14,692 |  |  | 14,602 |
Pacific NW |  | 30,748 |  |  | 29,234 |  |  | 30,427 |  |  | 29,640 |  |  |  |  | 61,175 |  |  | 57,857 |
N. California |  | 76,188 |  |  | 74,590 |  |  | 76,323 |  |  | 75,159 |  |  |  |  | 152,511 |  |  | 149,289 |
S. California |  | 106,164 |  |  | 103,005 |  |  | 103,415 |  |  | 103,236 |  |  |  |  | 209,579 |  |  | 205,591 |
Other Expansion Regions |  | 8,141 |  |  | 8,326 |  |  | 7,920 |  |  | 7,856 |  |  |  |  | 16,061 |  |  | 16,377 |
Total Same Store |  | 477,180 |  |  | 464,602 |  |  | 470,905 |  |  | 468,180 |  |  |  |  | 948,085 |  |  | 923,715 |
Other Stabilized |  | 25,275 |  |  | 9,832 |  |  | 19,510 |  |  | 17,510 |  |  |  |  | 44,785 |  |  | 14,940 |
Development/Redevelopment |  | 4,012 |  |  | 309 |  |  | 2,725 |  |  | 2,160 |  |  |  |  | 6,737 |  |  | 301 |
Residential NOI |  | $ | 506,467 |  |  | $ | 474,743 |  |  | $ | 493,140 |  |  | $ | 487,850 |  |  |  |  | $ | 999,607 |  |  | $ | 938,956 |

25

Attachment 13
NOI as reported by the Company does not include the operating results from assets sold or classified as held for sale. A reconciliation of NOI from communities sold or classified as held for sale is as follows (dollars in thousands):

TABLE 7
|  | Q2 |  | Q2 |  | Q1 |  | Q4 |  |  |  | YTD |  | YTD
|  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Revenue from real estate assets sold or held for sale |  | $ | 11,622 |  |  | $ | 29,576 |  |  | $ | 14,852 |  |  | $ | 18,186 |  |  |  |  | $ | 26,473 |  |  | $ | 59,880 |
Operating expenses from real estate assets sold or held for sale |  | (3,902) |  |  | (9,892) |  |  | (4,775) |  |  | (6,051) |  |  |  |  | (8,676) |  |  | (19,582) |
NOI from real estate assets sold or held for sale |  | $ | 7,720 |  |  | $ | 19,684 |  |  | $ | 10,077 |  |  | $ | 12,135 |  |  |  |  | $ | 17,797 |  |  | $ | 40,298 |

Commercial NOI is composed of the following components (in thousands):

TABLE 8
|  | Q2 |  | Q2 |  | Q1 |  | Q4 |  |  |  | YTD |  | YTD
|  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Commercial Revenue |  | $ | 9,174 |  |  | $ | 10,298 |  |  | $ | 11,618 |  |  | $ | 10,192 |  |  |  |  | $ | 20,792 |  |  | $ | 19,609 |
Commercial Operating Expenses |  | (1,984) |  |  | (1,782) |  |  | (1,716) |  |  | (1,589) |  |  |  |  | (3,700) |  |  | (3,553) |
Commercial NOI |  | $ | 7,190 |  |  | $ | 8,516 |  |  | $ | 9,902 |  |  | $ | 8,603 |  |  |  |  | $ | 17,092 |  |  | $ | 16,056 |

NOI Enhancing Capex represents capital expenditures that the Company expects will directly result in increased revenue or expense savings, and excludes any capital expenditures for redevelopment.
Other Stabilized is composed of completed consolidated communities that the Company owns, which have Stabilized Operations as of January 1, 2025, or which were acquired subsequent to January 1, 2024. Other Stabilized excludes communities that are conducting or are probable to conduct substantial redevelopment activities.
Projected FFO and Projected Core FFO, as provided within this release in the Company’s outlook, are calculated on a basis consistent with historical FFO and Core FFO, and are therefore considered to be appropriate supplemental measures to projected net income from projected operating performance. A reconciliation of the ranges provided for Projected FFO per share (diluted) for the third quarter and full year 2025 to the ranges provided for projected EPS (diluted) and corresponding reconciliation of the ranges for Projected FFO per share to the ranges for Projected Core FFO per share are as follows:
26

Attachment 13

TABLE 9
|  | Low Range |  | High Range
Projected EPS (diluted) - Q3 2025 | $ | 2.41 |  |  | $ | 2.51 |
| Depreciation (real estate related) | 1.59 |  |  | 1.59 |
| Gain on sale of communities | (1.28) |  |  | (1.28) |
Projected FFO per share (diluted) - Q3 2025 | 2.72 |  |  | 2.82 |
| Expensed transaction, development and other pursuit costs, net of recoveries | 0.01 |  |  | 0.01 |
| Legal settlements and costs | 0.02 |  |  | 0.02 |
Projected Core FFO per share (diluted) - Q3 2025 | $ | 2.75 |  |  | $ | 2.85 |
Projected EPS (diluted) - Full Year 2025 | $ | 7.75 |  |  | $ | 8.15 |
| Depreciation (real estate related) | 6.25 |  |  | 6.25 |
| Gain on sale of communities | (2.95) |  |  | (2.95) |
| Casualty loss on real estate | 0.01 |  |  | 0.01 |
Projected FFO per share (diluted) - Full Year 2025 | 11.06 |  |  | 11.46 |
| Unconsolidated entity gains, net | 0.02 |  |  | 0.02 |
| Expensed transaction, development and other pursuit costs, net of recoveries | 0.05 |  |  | 0.05 |
| Legal settlements and costs | 0.08 |  |  | 0.08 |
| Other real estate activity | (0.03) |  |  | (0.03) |
| Other | 0.01 |  |  | 0.01 |
Projected Core FFO per share (diluted) - Full Year 2025 | $ | 11.19 |  |  | $ | 11.59 |

Projected NOI, as used within this release for certain Development communities and in calculating the Market Cap Rate for dispositions, represents management’s estimate, as of the date of this release (or as of the date of the buyer’s valuation in the case of dispositions), of projected stabilized rental revenue minus projected stabilized operating expenses. For Development communities, Projected NOI is calculated based on the first twelve months of Stabilized Operations following the completion of construction. In calculating the Market Cap Rate, Projected NOI for dispositions is calculated for the first twelve months following the date of the buyer’s valuation. Projected stabilized rental revenue represents management’s estimate of projected gross potential minus projected stabilized economic vacancy and adjusted for projected stabilized concessions plus projected stabilized other rental revenue. Projected stabilized operating expenses do not include interest, income taxes (if any), depreciation or amortization, or any allocation of corporate-level property management overhead or general and administrative costs. In addition, projected stabilized operating expenses for Development communities do not include property management fee expense. Projected gross potential for Development communities and dispositions is generally based on leased rents for occupied homes and management’s best estimate of rental levels for homes which are currently unleased, as well as those homes which will become available for lease during the twelve-month forward period used to develop Projected NOI. The weighted average Projected NOI as a percentage of Total Capital Cost is weighted based on the Company’s share of the Total Capital Cost of each community, based on its percentage ownership.
Management believes that Projected NOI of the Development communities, on an aggregated weighted average basis, assists investors in understanding management's estimate of the likely impact on operations of the Development communities when the assets are complete and achieve stabilized occupancy (before allocation of any corporate-level property management overhead, general and administrative costs or interest expense). However, in this release the Company has not given a projection of NOI on a company-wide basis. Given the different dates and fiscal years for which NOI is projected for these communities, the projected allocation of corporate-level property management overhead, general and administrative costs and interest expense to communities under development is complex, impractical to develop, and may not be meaningful. Projected NOI of these communities is not a projection of the Company's overall financial performance or cash flow. There can be no assurance that the communities under development will achieve the Projected NOI as described in this release.
Redevelopment is composed of consolidated communities where substantial redevelopment is in progress or is probable to begin during the current year. Redevelopment is considered substantial when (i) capital invested during the reconstruction effort is expected to exceed the lesser of $5,000,000 or 10% of the community’s pre-redevelopment basis and (ii) physical occupancy is below or is expected to be below 90% during or as a result of the redevelopment activity.
Residential represents results attributable to the Company's apartment rental operations, including parking and other ancillary Residential revenue.
27

Attachment 13
Residential Revenue with Concessions on a Cash Basis is considered by the Company to be a supplemental measure to Residential revenue in conformity with GAAP to help investors evaluate the impact of both current and historical concessions on GAAP-based Residential revenue and to more readily enable comparisons to revenue as reported by other companies. In addition, Residential Revenue with Concessions on a Cash Basis allows an investor to understand the historical trend in cash concessions.
A reconciliation of Same Store Residential revenue in conformity with GAAP to Residential Revenue with Concessions on a Cash Basis is as follows (dollars in thousands):

TABLE 10
|  | Q2 |  | Q2 |  | Q1 |  | YTD |  | YTD
|  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Residential revenue (GAAP basis) |  | $ | 689,100 |  |  | $ | 669,134 |  | $ | 682,115 |  | $ | 1,371,215 |  |  | $ | 1,331,323
Residential concessions amortized |  | 4,818 |  |  | 4,262 |  | 4,516 |  | 9,334 |  |  | 8,671
Residential concessions granted |  | (4,018) |  |  | (2,512) |  | (4,231) |  | (8,249) |  |  | (5,824)
Residential Revenue with Concessions on a Cash Basis |  | $ | 689,900 |  |  | $ | 670,884 |  | $ | 682,400 |  | $ | 1,372,300 |  |  | $ | 1,334,170
|  |  |  | Q2 2025 vs. Q2 2024 |  | Q2 2025 vs. Q1 2025 |  |  |  | YTD 2025 vs. YTD 2024
% change -- GAAP revenue |  |  |  | 3.0 | % |  | 1.0 | % |  |  |  | 3.0 | %
% change -- cash revenue |  |  |  | 2.8 | % |  | 1.1 | % |  |  |  | 2.9 | %

Same Store is composed of consolidated communities where a comparison of operating results from the prior year to the current year is meaningful as these communities were owned and had Stabilized Operations, as defined below, as of the beginning of the respective prior year period. Therefore, for 2025 operating results, Same Store is composed of consolidated communities that have Stabilized Operations as of January 1, 2024, are not conducting or are not probable to conduct substantial redevelopment activities and are not held for sale or probable for disposition within the current year.
Stabilized Operations is defined as operations of a community that occur after the earlier of (i) attainment of 90% physical occupancy or (ii) the one-year anniversary of completion of development or redevelopment.
Total Capital Cost includes all capitalized costs projected to be or actually incurred to develop the respective Development or Redevelopment community, including land acquisition costs, construction costs, real estate taxes, capitalized interest and loan fees, permits, professional fees, allocated development overhead and other regulatory fees and a contingency estimate, offset by proceeds from the sale of any associated land or improvements, all as determined in accordance with GAAP. Total Capital Cost also includes costs incurred related to first generation commercial tenants, such as tenant improvements and leasing commissions. For Redevelopment communities, Total Capital Cost excludes costs incurred prior to the start of redevelopment when indicated. With respect to communities where development or redevelopment was completed in a prior period or the current period, Total Capital Cost reflects the actual cost incurred, plus any contingency estimate made by management. Total Capital Cost for communities identified as having joint venture ownership, either during construction or upon construction completion, represents the total projected joint venture contribution amount. For joint ventures not in construction, Total Capital Cost is equal to gross real estate cost.
Uncollectible lease revenue
The following table provides uncollectible Residential lease revenue as a percentage of total Residential revenue, including the benefit of any rent relief. Government rent relief reduces the amount of uncollectible Residential lease revenue. The Company expects the amount of rent relief recognized to continue to decline in 2025 absent funding from various government entities.
28

Attachment 13

TABLE 11
|  | Same Store Uncollectible Residential Lease Revenue
|  | Q2 |  | Q2 |  | Q1 |  | Q4
|  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
New England |  | 0.8 | % |  | 0.6 | % |  | 0.9 | % |  | 0.6 | %
Metro NY/NJ |  | 1.7 | % |  | 2.0 | % |  | 1.7 | % |  | 1.8 | %
Mid-Atlantic |  | 1.7 | % |  | 1.9 | % |  | 1.6 | % |  | 1.7 | %
Southeast FL |  | 1.5 | % |  | 1.7 | % |  | 1.7 | % |  | 2.0 | %
Denver, CO |  | 1.0 | % |  | 1.0 | % |  | 1.4 | % |  | 1.3 | %
Pacific NW |  | 0.3 | % |  | 1.4 | % |  | 0.7 | % |  | 0.8 | %
N. California |  | 1.4 | % |  | 1.3 | % |  | 1.2 | % |  | 1.1 | %
S. California |  | 1.5 | % |  | 2.2 | % |  | 2.0 | % |  | 2.2 | %
Other Expansion Regions |  | 2.9 | % |  | 2.4 | % |  | 3.2 | % |  | 3.5 | %
Total Same Store |  | 1.4 | % |  | 1.7 | % |  | 1.5 | % |  | 1.6 | %
Total Same Store – Excluding Rent Relief |  | 1.6 | % |  | 1.8 | % |  | 1.7 | % |  | 1.7 | %

Unconsolidated Development is composed of communities that are either currently under construction, or were under construction and were completed during the current year, in which we have an indirect ownership interest through our investment interest in an unconsolidated joint venture. These communities may be partially or fully complete and operating.
Unencumbered NOI as calculated by the Company represents NOI generated by real estate assets unencumbered by outstanding secured notes payable as of June 30, 2025 as a percentage of total NOI generated by real estate assets. The Company believes that current and prospective unsecured creditors of the Company view Unencumbered NOI as one indication of the borrowing capacity of the Company. Therefore, when reviewed together with the Company’s Interest Coverage, EBITDA and cash flow from operations, the Company believes that investors and creditors view Unencumbered NOI as a useful supplemental measure for determining the financial flexibility of an entity. A calculation of Unencumbered NOI for the six months ended June 30, 2025 is as follows (dollars in thousands):

TABLE 12
|  | YTD 2025
|  | NOI
Residential NOI: |  |
Same Store |  | $ | 948,085 |
Other Stabilized |  | 44,785 |
Development/Redevelopment |  | 6,737 |
Total Residential NOI |  | 999,607 |
Commercial NOI |  | 17,092 |
NOI from real estate assets sold or held for sale |  | 17,797 |
Total NOI generated by real estate assets |  | 1,034,496 |
Less NOI on encumbered assets |  | (49,803) |
NOI on unencumbered assets |  | $ | 984,693 |
Unencumbered NOI |  | 95 | %

29

Attachment 13
Unlevered IRR on sold communities refers to the internal rate of return calculated by the Company considering the timing and amounts of (i) total revenue during the period owned by the Company and (ii) the gross sales price net of selling costs, offset by (iii) the undepreciated capital cost of the communities at the time of sale and (iv) total direct operating expenses during the period owned by the Company. Each of the items (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) is calculated in accordance with GAAP.
The calculation of Unlevered IRR does not include an adjustment for the Company’s general and administrative expense, interest expense, or corporate-level property management and other indirect operating expenses. Therefore, Unlevered IRR is not a substitute for Net Income as a measure of our performance. Management believes that the Unlevered IRR achieved during the period a community is owned by the Company is useful because it is one indication of the gross value created by the Company’s acquisition, development or redevelopment, management and sale of a community, before the impact of indirect expenses and Company overhead. The Unlevered IRR achieved on the communities as cited in this release should not be viewed as an indication of the gross value created with respect to other communities owned by the Company, and the Company does not represent that it will achieve similar Unlevered IRRs upon the disposition of other communities. The weighted average Unlevered IRR for sold communities is weighted based on all cash flows over the investment period for each respective community, including net sales proceeds.
30