<SEC-DOCUMENT>0000899140-23-000449.txt : 20230301
<SEC-HEADER>0000899140-23-000449.hdr.sgml : 20230301
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20230301170216
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0000899140-23-000449
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		2
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20230224
ITEM INFORMATION:		Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20230301
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20230301

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			BERKLEY W R CORP
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000011544
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	FIRE, MARINE & CASUALTY INSURANCE [6331]
		IRS NUMBER:				221867895
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-15202
		FILM NUMBER:		23694700

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		475 STEAMBOAT ROAD
		STREET 2:		.
		CITY:			GREENWICH
		STATE:			CT
		ZIP:			06830
		BUSINESS PHONE:		2036293000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		475 STEAMBOAT ROAD
		STREET 2:		.
		CITY:			GREENWICH
		STATE:			CT
		ZIP:			06830
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>8-K
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>w022423a.htm
<DESCRIPTION>FORM 8-K
<TEXT>
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  <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 16pt;">FORM 8K</font><br>
  </div>
  <div><font style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 16pt;"> <br>
    </font></div>
  <br>
  <div><br>
  </div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-top: 4pt; font-size: 18pt; font-weight: bold;">UNITED STATES</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 18pt; font-weight: bold;">SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549</div>
  <div style="font-size: 8pt;">&#160;</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-top: 6pt; font-size: 18pt; font-weight: bold;">FORM 8-K</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-top: 6pt;"><font style="font-size: 8pt;">&#160;</font><font style="font-weight: bold;">CURRENT REPORT</font></div>
  <div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">Pursuant to Section&#160;13 OR 15(d)</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934</div>
  <div><br>
  </div>
  <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-weight: bold;">Commission File Number</font><font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 216pt">&#160;</font><font style="font-weight: bold;">1-15202</font></div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-top: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">Date of Report (Date of Earliest Event Reported): February 24, 2023</div>
  <div><br>
  </div>
  <div style="font-size: 8pt;">&#160;</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-top: 6pt; font-size: 24pt; font-weight: bold;">W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)</div>
  <div style="font-size: 8pt;">&#160;</div>
  <div style="font-size: 8pt;">&#160;</div>
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      <tr>
        <td style="width: 39.11%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 2px solid black;" colspan="3">
          <div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">Delaware</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 25.06%; vertical-align: middle;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 35.82%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 2px solid black;">
          <div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">22-1867895</div>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td style="width: 39.11%; vertical-align: top;" colspan="3">
          <div style="text-align: center;">(State or other jurisdiction of<br>
            incorporation or organization)</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 25.06%; vertical-align: middle;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 35.82%; vertical-align: top;">
          <div style="text-align: center;">(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)</div>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td style="width: 39.11%; vertical-align: top;" colspan="3">
          <div style="text-align: center;">&#160;</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 25.06%; vertical-align: middle;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 35.82%; vertical-align: top;">
          <div style="text-align: center;">&#160;</div>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td style="width: 39.11%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 2px solid black;" colspan="3">
          <div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">475 Steamboat Road</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 11.92%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 2px solid black;">
          <div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">Greenwich</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 13.14%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 2px solid black;">
          <div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">Connecticut</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 35.82%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 2px solid black;">
          <div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">06830</div>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td style="width: 39.11%; vertical-align: top;" colspan="3">
          <div style="text-align: center;">(Address of principal executive offices)</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 11.92%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 13.14%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 35.82%; vertical-align: top;">
          <div style="text-align: center;">(Zip Code)</div>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td style="width: 13.04%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 13.03%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 13.03%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 11.92%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 13.14%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 35.82%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td style="width: 100%; vertical-align: bottom;" colspan="6">
          <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(203)</font>&#160;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">629-3000</font></div>
        </td>
      </tr>

  </table>
  <div style="text-align: center;">(Registrant&#8217;s telephone number, including area code)</div>
  <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="ze834ee37a7344b36a8775cf7aa12d13a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

      <tr>
        <td style="width: 11.11%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 11.11%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 11.11%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 11.11%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 11.11%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 11.11%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 11.11%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 11.11%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 11.11%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
      </tr>

  </table>
  <div>
    <div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">None&#160;</div>
  </div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-top: 6pt;">Former Name, former address and former fiscal year if changed since last report</div>
  <div style="margin-top: 6pt;">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):</div>
  <div><font style="font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol', sans-serif;">&#9744;</font> Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</div>
  <div><font style="font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol', sans-serif;">&#9744;</font> Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</div>
  <div><font style="font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol', sans-serif;">&#9744;</font> Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</div>
  <div><font style="font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol', sans-serif;">&#9744;</font> Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))&#160;</div>
  <div style="margin-top: 12pt;">Securities registered pursuant to Section&#160;12(b) of the Act:</div>
  <div>&#160;</div>
  <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="za3529255482949b889a8f19c1874290d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

      <tr>
        <td style="width: 34%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 1%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 32%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 1%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 32%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 34%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;">
          <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold;">Title of each class</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 1%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div style="font-size: 8pt;">&#160;</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 32%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;">
          <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold;">Trading</div>
          <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold;">symbol(s)</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 1%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div style="font-size: 8pt;">&#160;</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 32%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;">
          <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold;">Name of each exchange</div>
          <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold;">on which registered</div>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td style="width: 34%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div>Common Stock, par value $.20 per share</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 1%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div>&#160;</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 32%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div style="text-align: center;">WRB</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 1%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div>&#160;</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 32%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div style="text-align: center;">New York Stock Exchange</div>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td style="width: 34%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div style="text-align: center;">5.700% Subordinated Debentures due 2058</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 1%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 32%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div style="text-align: center;">WRB-PE</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 1%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 32%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div style="text-align: center;">New York Stock Exchange</div>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td style="width: 34%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div style="text-align: center;">5.100% Subordinated Debentures due 2059</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 1%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 32%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div style="text-align: center;">WRB-PF</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 1%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 32%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div style="text-align: center;">New York Stock Exchange</div>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td style="width: 34%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div style="text-align: center;">4.250% Subordinated Debentures due 2060</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 1%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 32%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div style="text-align: center;">WRB-PG</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 1%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 32%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div style="text-align: center;">New York Stock Exchange</div>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td style="width: 34%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div style="text-align: center;">4.125% Subordinated Debentures due 2061</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 1%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 32%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div style="text-align: center;">WRB-PH</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 1%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
        <td style="width: 32%; vertical-align: bottom;">
          <div style="text-align: center;">New York Stock Exchange</div>
        </td>
      </tr>

  </table>
  <div style="margin-top: 12pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of
    this chapter). Emerging growth company&#160;&#160;&#160;&#9744;</div>
  <div style="margin-top: 12pt;">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to
    Section&#160;13(a) of the Exchange Act.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#9744;</div>
  <div>
    <div style="margin-bottom: 2pt;">&#160;</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="BRPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
    <div class="BRPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
      <hr noshade="noshade" style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;"></div>
    <div class="BRPFPageHeader"></div>
  </div>
  <div>&#160;</div>
  <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zfada34f815d846b0adfd8d6d314a7f10" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

      <tr>
        <td style="width: 11%; vertical-align: top;">
          <div style="font-weight: bold;">Item&#160;5.03</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 89%; vertical-align: top;">
          <div style="font-weight: bold;">Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year</div>
        </td>
      </tr>

  </table>
  <div><br>
  </div>
  <div>On February 24, 2023, the board of directors of W. R. Berkley Corporation (the &#8220;Company&#8221;)&#160;approved and adopted amendments to the Company&#8217;s By-laws (the &#8220;By-laws&#8221;) to:</div>
  <div> <br>
  </div>
  <div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zff6aa203e53f4664b9ca50c400c1204c" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 8pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;">&#8226;</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="margin-bottom: 8pt;">provide for virtual meetings for stockholders as well as add certain provisions relating to the regulation of stockholder meetings, including the fixing of the record date, and the adjournment thereof;</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
  </div>
  <div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z3916daeb8b6b418fbbffcf03933f3df8" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 8pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;">&#8226;</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="margin-bottom: 8pt;">reflect updates to requirements for stockholder lists at stockholder meetings, consistent with recent amendments to the Delaware General Corporation Law&#894;</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
  </div>
  <div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z5b7c2a8f56bb435ca8e46fcc26e737ef" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 8pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;">&#8226;</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="margin-bottom: 8pt;">require a stockholder directly or indirectly soliciting proxies from other stockholders to use a proxy card color other than white;</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
  </div>
  <div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zdeda9a75288f47389087d3451f1f10f7" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 8pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;">&#8226;</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="margin-bottom: 8pt;">make certain clarifications regarding director terms, resignation and removal;</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
  </div>
  <div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zb43910673362440ba7ac50b006e7a9e4" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 8pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;">&#8226;</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="margin-bottom: 8pt;">provide for the conduct of board meetings via remote communication and the formation and operation of board committees;</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
  </div>
  <div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z944fe71fd08a4252aa1e1e300a8e6c98" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 8pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;">&#8226;</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="margin-bottom: 8pt;">add provisions regarding the issuance of uncertificated&#160;stock as well as relating to the issuance and transfer of shares,</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
  </div>
  <div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z2ffe8434b75a4319a611f80ac2d53e5e" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 8pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;">&#8226;</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="margin-bottom: 8pt;">implement certain additional procedural and disclosure requirements for director nominees and stockholders proposing director nominees and other business for consideration at the Company&#8217;s annual or special
              meetings of stockholders, including regarding the Securities and Exchange Commission&#8217;s recently adopted &#8220;universal proxy card&#8221; rules, and certain related clarifications regarding the treatment of votes in connection therewith;</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
  </div>
  <div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z39b54e55d95d47a5b897edf0767fb1fc" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 8pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;">&#8226;</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="margin-bottom: 8pt;">amend the advance notice period, beginning with the annual meeting of stockholders in 2024, to require stockholders to notify the secretary of the Company of director nominations and other stockholder proposals
              not earlier than the 120th day and not later than the 90th day prior to the first anniversary of the date of the preceding year&#8217;s annual meeting; and</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
  </div>
  <div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zd6543996d9264ddb9c98512d32be9148" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 8pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;">&#8226;</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="margin-bottom: 8pt;">make certain additional technical and conforming revisions and clarifications, including updates to delivery of notices and regarding the authority of certain officers.</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
  </div>
  <div>The foregoing summary of the amendments to the By-laws does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the By-laws, as so amended and restated, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 3.2 hereto.</div>
  <div><br>
  </div>
  <div style="font-weight: bold;">Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits<font style="font-style: italic;">.</font></div>
  <div><br>
  </div>
  <div>(d) Exhibits:</div>
  <div><br>
  </div>
  <div>Exhibit<font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 108pt">&#160;</font>Description</div>
  <div><br>
  </div>
  <div>3.2<font class="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab" style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt">&#160;</font>Amended and Restated By-laws</div>
  <div>&#160;</div>
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  <div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">SIGNATURES</div>
  <div>&#160;</div>
  <div style="text-indent: 36pt;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.&#160;</div>
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          <div>&#160;</div>
          <div>Date:</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 44.73%; vertical-align: top;">
          <div>&#160;</div>
          <div>March 1, 2023</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 50.53%; vertical-align: top;" colspan="3">
          <div>&#160;</div>
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          <div style="font-weight: bold;">W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION</div>
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          <div>&#160;</div>
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          <div>&#160;</div>
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          <div>By:</div>
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          <div>/s/ Richard M. Baio</div>
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          <div>&#160;</div>
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          <div>&#160;</div>
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        <td style="width: 5.71%; vertical-align: top;">
          <div>Name:</div>
        </td>
        <td style="width: 41.74%; vertical-align: top;">
          <div>Richard M. Baio</div>
        </td>
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          <div>&#160;</div>
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          <div>&#160;</div>
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        <td style="width: 5.71%; vertical-align: top;">
          <div>Title:</div>
        </td>
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          <div>Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer</div>
        </td>
      </tr>
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          <div>&#160;</div>
        </td>
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          <div>&#160;</div>
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          <div>&#160;</div>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-3.2
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>w022423b.htm
<DESCRIPTION>AMENDED AND RESTATED BY-LAWS
<TEXT>
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  <div style="margin: 0px 0px 12pt 0px;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">Exhibit 3.2</font><br>
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  <div style="margin: 0px 0px 12pt 0px;"><font style="font-size: 12pt;"> <br>
    </font></div>
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  <div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 216pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">As Amended and Restated as of February 24, 2023</u></div>
  <div style="margin-bottom: 12pt;"><br>
  </div>
  <div style="margin-bottom: 12pt;"><br>
  </div>
  <div style="margin-bottom: 12pt;"><br>
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  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">AMENDED AND RESTATED</u></div>
  <div style="margin-bottom: 12pt;"><br>
  </div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">BY-LAWS</div>
  <div style="margin-bottom: 12pt;"><br>
  </div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">OF</div>
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  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION</div>
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  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">ARTICLE I<br>
    OFFICES</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 1.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; The registered office <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>shall be in the City of </strike></font><font style="color: #008000;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">of the corporation shall be </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">established and maintained at the office of The Corporation Trust Company at
        1209 Orange Street, Corporation Trust Center,</u></font> Wilmington, <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">DE, 19801, in the</u></font> County of New Castle, <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">in the</u></font> State of Delaware<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">, and said corporation shall be the registered agent of this corporation, unless
        otherwise established by the board of directors and a certificate certifying the change is filed in the manner provided by statute</u></font>.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 2.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; The corporation may also have offices at such other places both within and without the State of Delaware as the board of directors may from time
    to time determine or the business of the corporation may require.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">ARTICLE II<br>
    MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 1.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; <font style="color: #000000;">All meetings of the stockholders for the election of directors shall be held in the Town of Greenwich, State of
      Connecticut, at such place as may be fixed from time to time by the board of directors, or at such other place either within or without the State of Delaware as shall be designated from time to time by the board of directors and stated in the notice
      of meeting. Meetings of stockholders for any other purpose may be held at such time and place, within or without the State of Delaware, as shall be stated in the notice of the meeting or in a duly executed waiver of notice thereof.</font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 2.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; <font style="color: #000000;">Annual meetings of stockholders shall be held on</font>&#160;<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>the
        first day of May if not a legal holiday, and if a legal holiday, then on the next secular day following, at 1:00 p.m., or at such other date and time as shall be designated from time to time by</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">such date, and at such time as</u></font> the board of directors <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">shall each year fix</u></font><font style="color: #000000;"> and stated in the notice of the meeting, at which they shall elect by a vote in accordance with Article III hereof a board of directors, and transact such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting.</font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 3.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">At the sole discretion of the board of directors, subject
        to applicable provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, the certificate of incorporation, these by-laws and/or the policies and procedures the board of directors may adopt, a meeting of the stockholders may be conducted in
        whole or in part by electronic transmission by and to the corporation, electronic video screen communication, conference telephone or other means of remote communication.</u></font> Written notice of the annual meeting stating the place, date and
    hour of the meeting<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">, and, if the board of directors has authorized participation by means of remote communication in accordance with these by-laws, the means of
        remote communication to be used,</u></font> shall be given to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 4.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders,
    a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">The corporation shall not be required to include electronic mail addresses or other electronic contact information on such list.</u></font> Such list shall be open to the examination of any
    stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>, during ordinary business hours,</strike></font> for a period of at least ten days prior to the meeting, either <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(i) on a reasonably
        accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with</u></font> the notice of the meeting, or<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>, if not so specified, at the place
        where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.</strike></font>&#160;<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(ii) during ordinary business hours, at the principal place of business of the corporation.</u></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 5.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Special meetings of the stockholders, for any purpose or purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by statute or by the certificate of incorporation,
    may be called by the chairman of the board and shall be called by the chairman of the board or secretary at the request in writing of a majority of the board of directors, or at the request in writing of stockholders owning a majority in amount of the
    entire capital stock of the corporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote. Such request shall state the purpose or purposes of the proposed meeting.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 6.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Written notice of a special meeting stating the place, date and hour of the meeting and the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called,
    shall be given not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting, to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 7.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders shall be limited to the purposes stated in the notice.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 8.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; The holders of a majority of the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall
    constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for the transaction of business except as otherwise provided by statute or by the certificate of incorporation. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or represented at any meeting of the
    stockholders, the stockholders entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have the power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present or
    represented. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally notified. If the adjournment is for more than thirty days, or if after
    the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 9.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; When a quorum is present at any meeting, the vote of the holders of a majority of the stock having voting power present in person or represented
    by proxy shall decide any question brought before such meeting, except as otherwise provided with respect to the election of directors as provided in Article III hereof, unless the question is one upon which by express provision of the statutes or of
    the certificate of incorporation, a different vote is required in which case such express provision shall govern and control the decision of such question.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 10.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, each stockholder shall at every meeting of the stockholders be entitled to one
    vote in person or by proxy for each share of the capital stock having voting power held by such stockholder, but no proxy shall be voted on after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 11.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Any stockholder directly or indirectly soliciting proxies from other
      stockholders must use a proxy card color other than white, which white proxy card shall be reserved for the exclusive use by the corporation.</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 12.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 11. </strike></font>Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders of the corporation, or any action which may be taken at any
    annual or special meeting of such stockholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less
    than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted. Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less
    than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 13.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; The board of directors of the corporation may adopt by
        resolution such rules and regulations for the conduct of any meeting of the stockholders as it shall deem appropriate.&#160; Meetings of stockholders shall be presided over by the chairman of the board of directors, if there shall be one, or in his or
        her absence, or if there shall not be a chairman of the board of directors, the chief executive officer.</u></font>&#160; <font style="color: #008000;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">The board of directors shall </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">have the authority to appoint a temporary chairman to serve at any meeting of the stockholders if the chairman of the board of directors or the chief executive officer is
        unable to do so for any reason.&#160;&#160; Except to the extent inconsistent with any rules and regulations adopted by the board of directors, the chairman of any meeting of the stockholders shall have the right and authority to prescribe such rules,
        regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of such chairman, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting.&#160; Such rules, regulations or procedures, whether adopted by the board of directors or prescribed by the
        chairman of the meeting, may include, without limitation, the following:&#160; (i) the establishment of an agenda or order of business for the meeting; (ii) the determination of when the polls shall open and close for any given matter to be voted on at
        the meeting; (iii) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present; (iv) limitations on attendance at or participation in the meeting to stockholders of record of the corporation, their duly authorized and
        constituted proxies or such other persons as the chairman of the meeting shall determine; (v) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof; and (vi) limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments
        by stockholders.</u></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 14.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Any meeting of the stockholders may be adjourned or
        postponed from time to time by the chairman of such meeting or</u></font>&#160;<font style="color: #008000;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">by the board of directors, </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">without the need for approval thereof by stockholders to reconvene or convene, respectively at the same or some other place.&#160; Notice need not be given of any such adjourned or postponed meeting if the time and
        place, if any, thereof, and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned or postponed meeting are (i) announced at the meeting at which the
        adjournment is taken, (ii) displayed during the time scheduled for the meeting, on the same electronic network used to enable stockholders and proxy holders to participate in the meeting by means of remote communication, or (iii) with respect to a
        postponed meeting, are publicly announced. At the adjourned or postponed meeting, the corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment or postponement is for more than thirty (30)
        days, notice of the adjourned or postponed meeting in accordance with the requirements of these by-laws shall be given to each stockholder of record</u></font>&#160;<font style="color: #008000;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">entitled to vote at
        the meeting</u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">.&#160; If, after the adjournment or postponement, a new record date for stockholders entitled to vote is fixed for the adjourned or postponed
        meeting, the board of directors shall fix a new record date for notice of such adjourned or postponed meeting in accordance with these by-laws, and shall give notice of the adjourned or postponed meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to
        vote at such adjourned or postponed meeting as of the record date fixed for notice of such adjourned or postponed meeting.</u></font></div>
  <div style="margin-bottom: 12pt;"><br>
  </div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">ARTICLE III<br>
    DIRECTORS</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 1.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; The number of directors which shall constitute the whole <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Board</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">board of directors</u></font> shall not be less than three (3) nor more than fifteen (15). The <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Board</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">board of directors</u></font> shall be divided into three classes. Within the limits above specified, the number of directors in each class shall be determined by
    resolution of the <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Board of Directors</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">board of directors</u></font> or by the stockholders at
    the <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Annual Meeting</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">annual meeting</u></font>. Upon expiration of the term of office of each
    class, the number of directors in such class shall be elected for a term of three years to succeed the directors whose terms of office expire. Directors need not be stockholders.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">The directors shall be elected at the <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Annual Meeting</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">annual meeting</u></font> of the stockholders, except as provided in Section 2 of this Article<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"> III</u></font>,
    and each director elected shall hold office until his or her successor is elected and qualified. Subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of one or more classes or series of preferred or preference stock issued by the corporation, voting
    separately by class or series to elect directors in accordance with the terms of such preferred or preference stock and except as provided in Section 2 of this Article<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">
        III</u></font>, each director shall be elected by the vote of a majority of the votes cast with respect to the director; provided that directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes present and entitled to vote on the election of directors
    at any such meeting for which the number of nominees exceeds the number of directors to be elected. For purposes of this Article III, a &#8220;majority of the votes cast&#8221; means that the number of shares voted &#8220;for&#8221; a director&#8217;s election exceeds the number of
    votes cast &#8220;against&#8221; that director&#8217;s election.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 2.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled by a majority of the
    directors then in office, though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and the directors so chosen shall hold office until the next annual election and until their successors are duly elected and shall qualify, unless sooner displaced.
    If there are no directors in office, then an election of directors may be held in the manner provided by statute. If, at the time of filling any vacancy or any newly created directorship, the directors then in office shall constitute less than a
    majority of the whole board (as constituted immediately prior to any such increase), the Court of Chancery may, upon application of any stockholder or stockholders holding at least ten percent of the total number of the shares at the time outstanding
    having the right to vote for such directors, summarily order an election to be held to fill any such vacancies or newly created directorships, or to replace the directors chosen by the directors then in office.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 3.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; The board of directors may authorize director terms shorter than three
      years. Any director may resign at any time upon notice in writing, including by electronic transmission, to the board of directors or to the chairman of the board, the chair of the nominating and corporate governance committee or the secretary.
      Except as provided in the corporation&#8217;s corporate governance guidelines in connection with an incumbent director who is nominated for election and is not reelected or as otherwise specified in such notice, such resignation shall take effect at the
      time specified therein and no acceptance of such resignation shall be necessary to make it effective. No director may be removed except as provided in the certificate of incorporation.</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 4.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 3. </strike></font>The business of the corporation shall be managed by<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">, or under the direction of,</u></font> its board of directors
    which may exercise all such powers of the corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by statute or by the certificate of incorporation or by these by-laws directed or required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 5.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 4. </strike></font>The board of directors of the corporation may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or without the State of Delaware.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 6.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 5. </strike></font>The first meeting of each newly elected board of directors shall be held at such time and place as shall be fixed by the vote of the stockholders at the annual meeting and no notice of such meeting shall
    be necessary to the newly elected directors in order legally to constitute the meeting, provided a quorum shall be present. In the event of the failure of the stockholders to fix the time or place of such first meeting of the newly elected board of
    directors, or in the event such meeting is not held at the time and place so fixed by the stockholders, the meeting may be held at such time and place as shall be specified in a notice given as hereinafter provided for special meetings of the board of
    directors, or as shall be specified in a written waiver signed by all of the directors.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 7.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 6. </strike></font>Regular meetings of the board of directors may be held without notice at such time and at such place as shall from time to time be determined by the board.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 8.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 7. </strike></font>Special meetings of the board may be called by the chairman of the board on <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>three days&#8217;</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">one day&#8217;s or other reasonable</u></font> notice to each director<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>, either personally or by mail or by telegram</strike></font>&#160;<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">by telephoning, delivery by hand or via courier, faxing, emailing or sending by similar form of telecommunication notice or electronic transmission</u></font>; special
    meetings shall be called by the chairman of the board or secretary in like manner and on like notice on the written request of two directors.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 9.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these
      by-laws, members of the board of directors, or any committee designated by the board of directors, may participate in a meeting of the board of directors or of such committee, as the case may be, by means of conference telephone, video or other
      communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting pursuant to this by-law shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 10.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 8. </strike></font>At all meetings of the board a majority of the directors then in office shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which
    there is a quorum shall be the act of the board of directors, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by statute or by the certificate of incorporation. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the board of directors the directors
    present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 11.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 9. </strike></font>Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these by-laws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the board of directors or of any committee thereof may be
    taken without a meeting, if all members of the board or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing, <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">including by electronic transmission,</u></font>
    and the writing or writings<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">, including the electronic transmissions,</u></font> are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the board or committee.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 12.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 10. </strike></font>The board of directors may, by resolution passed by a majority of the whole board, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of two or more directors of the corporation. The board may
    designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof
    present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the board of directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any
    such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the board of directors, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the board of directors in the management of the business and affairs of the corporation, and may authorize
    the seal of the corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority in reference to amending the <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Certificate of Incorporation</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">certificate of incorporation</u></font>, adopting an agreement of merger or consolidation, recommending to the stockholders the sale, lease or exchange of all or
    substantially all of the corporation&#8217;s property and assets, recommending to the stockholders a dissolution of the corporation or a revocation of a dissolution, or amending the by-laws of the corporation; and, unless the resolution or the <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Certificate of Incorporation</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">certificate of incorporation</u></font> expressly so provide, no such
    committee shall have the power or authority to declare a dividend or to authorize the issuance of stock. Such committee or committees shall have such name or names as may be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the board of directors.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 13.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; A quorum for each committee shall be a majority of its members, unless
      the committee has only one or two members, in which case a quorum shall be one member, or unless a greater quorum is established by the board of directors. The vote of a majority of the committee members present at a meeting at which a quorum is
      present shall be the act of the committee. Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report to the board of directors when required. The board of directors may adopt other rules and regulations for the governance of any committee
      not inconsistent with the provisions of these by-laws, and each committee may adopt its own rules and regulations, to the extent not inconsistent with these by-laws or rules and regulations adopted by the board of directors.</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 14.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 11. </strike></font>Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the board of directors when required.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 15.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 12. </strike></font>Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation, the board of directors shall have the authority to fix the compensation of directors. The directors may be paid their expenses, if any, of
    attendance at each meeting of the board of directors and may be paid a fixed sum for attendance at such meeting of the board of directors or a stated salary as director. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the corporation in any
    other capacity and receiving compensation therefore. Members of special or standing committees may be allowed like compensation for attending committee meetings.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">ARTICLE IV<br>
    NOTICES</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 1.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Whenever, under the provisions of the statutes or of the certificate of incorporation or of these by-laws, notice is required to be given to any
    director or stockholder<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"> in his capacity as such</u></font>, it shall not be construed to mean personal notice, but such notice may be given in writing, by mail,
    addressed to such director or stockholder, at his address as it appears on the records of the corporation, with postage thereon prepaid, and such notice shall be deemed to be given at the time when the same shall be deposited in the United States mail.
    <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, any notice to stockholders may also be given by electronic
        transmission in the manner provided in Section 232 of the Delaware General Corporation Law.</u></font> Notices to directors may also be given by facsimile, overnight delivery or electronically.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 2.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Whenever any notice is required to be given under the provisions of the statutes or of the certificate of incorporation or of these by-laws, a
    waiver thereof in writing, <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>signed by the person or persons entitled to said notice</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">or by fax
        or similar form of telecommunication or electronic transmission</u></font>, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent thereto.<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">
        Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the
        meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders, directors or members of a committee of directors need be specified in any waiver of notice
        unless so required by the certificate of incorporation or these by-laws.</u></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">ARTICLE V<br>
    OFFICERS</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 1.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; The officers of the corporation shall be chosen by the board of directors and shall include a chairman of the board (who may be an executive
    chairman), a chief executive officer, a president, a secretary and a treasurer, and may include a chief operating officer, one or more vice-presidents (which term includes executive, senior and assistant vice presidents), one or more assistant
    secretaries and assistant treasurers and such other officer positions as may be determined by the board of directors. Any number of offices may be held by the same person, unless the certificate of incorporation or these by-laws otherwise provide.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 2. </strike></font><font style="color: #008000;"><strike>The board of directors shall </strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>annually choose a president, one or more vice-presidents, a secretary, a treasurer and such other as officers as they may determine.</strike></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 2.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 3. </strike></font>The board of directors may appoint such other officers and agents as it shall deem necessary who shall hold their offices for such terms and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall be
    determined from time to time by the board.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 4. </strike><strike>The salaries of all officers and agents </strike></font><font style="color: #008000;"><strike>of the corporation shall be </strike><strike>fixed by the board of directors</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>.</strike></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 3.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 5. </strike></font>The officers of the corporation shall hold office until their successors are chosen and qualify<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">, or until such
        officer&#8217;s earlier death, resignation or removal</u></font>. Any officer elected or appointed by the board of directors may be removed at any time<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">, with or without
        cause,</u></font> by the affirmative vote of a majority of the board of directors. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the corporation shall be filled by the board of directors.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">THE CHAIRMAN/EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 4.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 6. </strike></font>The chairman of the board shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and the board of directors and shall exercise and perform such other powers and duties as may from time to time be assigned to
    him by the board of directors or as may be prescribed by these by-laws. The chairman of the board shall see that all orders and resolutions of the board of directors are carried into effect. The chairman of the board may be designated as executive
    chairman of the board, with such powers and duties regarding the management of the business of the corporation as may be assigned to him by the board of directors. The chairman of the board may be (but shall not be required to be) the chief executive
    officer and/or any other executive officer or non-executive officer of the corporation, as may be prescribed by these by-laws.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">The executive chairman, if any, shall have the power to execute bonds, mortgages and other contracts requiring a seal, under the seal of the corporation, except
    where required or permitted by law to be otherwise signed and executed and except where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the board of directors to some other officer or agent of the corporation.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 5.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 7. </strike></font>The chief executive officer shall have general and active management of the business of the corporation and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the board of directors are carried into effect. The
    chief executive officer shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers as the board of directors may from time to time prescribe. In the absence of the chairman or executive chairman of the board, or in the event of his inability or
    refusal to act, the chief executive officer shall perform the duties of the chairman or executive chairman of the board, and when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon such person. The chief executive
    officer may be (but shall not be required to be) the chairman or executive chairman of the board, the president of the corporation and/or any other executive officer or non-executive officer of the corporation, as may be prescribed by these by-laws.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">The chief executive officer shall have the power to execute bonds, mortgages and other contracts requiring a seal, under the seal of the corporation, except where
    required or permitted by law to be otherwise signed and executed and except where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the board of directors to some other officer or agent of the corporation.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">THE PRESIDENT</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 6.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 8. </strike></font>The president shall administer the affairs of the corporation and, together with the chief executive officer of the corporation, have general and active management of the business of the corporation, and
    shall see that all orders and resolutions of the board of directors are carried into effect. The president shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the board of directors <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">or chief executive officer </u><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(or, in the absence of the chief executive officer, the executive chairman)</u></font> may from time to time prescribe. The president may be (but
    shall not be required to be) the chairman or executive chairman of the board, the chief executive officer, the chief operating officer and/or any other executive officer or non-executive officer of the corporation, as may be prescribed by these
    by-laws. If the president is also the chief executive officer of the corporation, the board of directors may (but shall not be required to) appoint a chief operating officer, as may be prescribed by these by-laws.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #000000; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">THE CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 7.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 9. </strike></font>The chief operating officer, if any, shall, together with the president of the corporation, administer the affairs of the corporation and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the
    board of directors <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">or chief executive officer (or, in the absence of the chief executive officer, the executive chairman)</u></font> may from time to time prescribe.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #000000; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">THE VICE-PRESIDENTS</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 8.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 10. </strike></font>In the absence of the president or in the event of his inability or refusal to act, the vice-president (or in the event there be more than one vice president, then in the following order: executive vice
    president, senior vice president, vice president, with the order within each category designated by the board of directors, or in the absence of such designation, in order of tenure as an officer of the corporation) shall perform the duties of the
    president, and when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the president. The vice-presidents shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the board of directors <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">or chief executive officer (or, in the absence of the chief executive officer, the executive chairman)</u></font> may from time to time prescribe.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #000000; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">THE SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 9.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 11. </strike></font>The secretary shall attend all meetings of the board of directors and all meetings of the stockholders and record all the proceedings of the meetings of the corporation and of the board of directors in a
    book to be kept for that purpose and shall perform like duties for the standing committees when required. He shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and special meetings of the board of directors, and shall perform
    such other duties as may be prescribed by the board of directors or <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>president</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">chief executive
        officer (or, in the absence of the chief executive officer, the executive chairman)</u></font>, under whose supervision he shall be. He shall have custody of the corporate seal of the corporation and he, or an assistant secretary shall have
    authority to affix the same to any instrument requiring it and when so affixed, it may be attested by his signature or by the signature of such assistant secretary. The board of directors may give general authority to any other officer to affix the
    seal of the corporation and to attest the affixing by his signature.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 10.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 12. </strike></font>The assistant secretary, or if there be more than one, the assistant secretaries in the order determined by the board of directors <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">or chief executive officer (or, in the absence of the chief executive officer, the executive chairman)</u></font> (or if there be no such determination, then in the order of their election) shall, in the absence of
    the secretary or in the event of his inability or refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the secretary and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the board of directors may from time to time prescribe.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #000000; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">THE TREASURER AND ASSISTANT TREASURERS</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 11.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 13. </strike></font>The treasurer shall have the custody of the corporate funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the corporation and shall deposit
    all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the board of directors<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"> or chief
        executive officer (or, in the absence of the chief executive officer, the executive chairman)</u></font>.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 12.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 14. </strike><strike>He</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">The treasurer</u></font> shall disburse the funds of the corporation as may be ordered by<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">, or on behalf of</u></font> the board of directors, <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall
        render to the president and the board of directors, at its regular meetings, or</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">the executive chairman or the chief executive officer, and shall
        provide to the executive chairman, the chief executive officer and,</u></font> when the board of directors so <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>requires</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">requests, the board of directors</u></font>, an account of all his transactions as treasurer and of the financial condition of the corporation.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 15. </strike><strike>If required </strike></font><font style="color: #008000;"><strike>by the
        board of directors, </strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>he shall give the corporation a bond (which shall be renewed every six years) in such sum and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory </strike></font><font style="color: #008000;"><strike>to the board of directors </strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>for the faithful performance of the duties of his office and for the restoration to the corporation, in case of his
        death, resignation, retirement or removal from office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever kind in his possession or under his control belonging to the corporation.</strike></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 13.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 16. </strike></font>The assistant treasurer, or if there shall be more than one, the assistant treasurers in the order determined by the board of directors (or if there be no such determination, then in the order of their
    election), shall, in the absence of the treasurer or in the event of his inability or refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the treasurer and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the board of directors <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">or chief executive officer (or, in the absence of the chief executive officer, the executive chairman)</u></font> may from time to time prescribe.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">ARTICLE VI<br>
    <font style="color: #FF0000;"><strike>CERTIFICATE OF </strike></font>STOCK</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 1.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Every holder of stock in the corporation shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the corporation by, <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(i)</u></font> the chairman or vice-chairman of the board of directors, or the <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">chief
        executive officer, or the</u></font> president <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>or a vice-president and</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">and (ii) an
        executive vice president, or</u></font> the treasurer or an assistant treasurer, or the secretary or an assistant secretary<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike> of</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">, or</u></font> the <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>corporation</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">chief financial officer</u></font>,
    certifying the number of shares owned by him in the <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">corporation, provided that the board of directors of the corporation may provide by resolution or resolutions
        that some or all of any or all classes or series of its stock shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to any such shares represented by a certificate theretofore issued until such certificate is surrendered to the</u></font>
    corporation. Certificates may be issued for partly paid shares and in such case upon the face or back of the certificates issued to represent any such partly paid shares, the total amount of the consideration to be paid therefor, and the amount paid
    thereon shall be specified. If the corporation shall be authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each
    class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the certificate which the corporation shall issue to represent such
    class or series of stock, provided that, except as otherwise provided in Section 202 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware, in lieu of the foregoing requirements, there may be set forth on the face or back of the certificate which the corporation
    shall issue to represent such class or series of stock, a statement that the corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights
    of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 2.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Any of or all the signatures on the certificate may be facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose
    facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with the same effect as if he were such officer, transfer
    agent or registrar at the date of issue.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 3.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; If the board of directors chooses to issue shares of stock without
      certificates, the corporation, if required by the Delaware General Corporation Law, shall, within a reasonable time after the issue or transfer of shares without certificates, send the stockholder a written statement containing the information
      required by law to be set forth or stated on certificates representing shares of such class or series or a statement that the corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and
      relative, participating, optional or other special rights of such class or series and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights. The corporation may adopt a system of issuance, recordation and transfer of its
      shares of stock by electronic or other means not involving the issuance of certificates, provided the use of such system by the corporation is permitted in accordance with applicable law. Except as otherwise provided by law or these by-laws, the
      rights and obligations of the holders of uncertificated shares and the rights and obligations of the holders of certificates representing stock of the same class and series shall be identical.</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #000000; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">LOST CERTIFICATES</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 4.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 3. </strike></font>The board of directors may direct a new certificate or certificates to be issued in place of any certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen or
    destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen or destroyed. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or certificates, the board of directors may, in its discretion and
    as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed certificate or certificates, or his legal representative, to advertise the same in such manner as it shall require and/or to give the corporation a
    bond in such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #000000; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">TRANSFERS OF STOCK</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #FF0000; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><strike>Section 4. </strike><strike>Upon surrender to the corporation or the transfer agent of the corporation of a certificate
      for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignation or authority to transfer, it shall be the duty of the corporation to issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate and record
      the transaction upon its books.</strike></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 5.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Transfer of shares represented by certificates shall be made on the books
      of the corporation upon surrender to the corporation of a certificate for shares, duly endorsed or accompanied by appropriate evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, and otherwise in compliance with applicable law. Shares that
      are not represented by a certificate shall be transferred in accordance with applicable law. Subject to applicable law, the provisions of the certificate of incorporation and these by-laws, the board of directors may prescribe such additional rules
      and regulations as it may deem appropriate relating to the issue, transfer and registration of shares of the corporation.</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #000000; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">FIXING RECORD DATE</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 6.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 5. </strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(a)</u></font> In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any
    meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>, or to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting</strike></font>, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other
    distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the board of directors may fix, in advance, a record date, which shall
    not be more than sixty nor less than ten days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty days prior to any other action. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to
    any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the board of directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(b)&#160; In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to
        consent to corporate action without a meeting, the board of directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the board of directors, and which date shall
        not be more than ten days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the board of directors.&#160; Any stockholder of record seeking to have the stockholders authorize or take corporate action by consent shall, by
        written notice to the secretary of the corporation at the principal executive offices of the corporation, request the board of directors to fix a record date.</u></font>&#160; <font style="color: #008000;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">The board
        of directors shall </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">promptly, but in all events within ten days after the date on which such a request is received, adopt a resolution fixing the
        record date.&#160; If no record date has been</u></font>&#160;<font style="color: #008000;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">fixed by the board of directors </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">within
        ten days of the date on which such a request is received, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action without a meeting, when no prior action by the board of directors is required by applicable law, shall be
        the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the corporation in accordance with Section 228(d) of the Delaware General Corporation Law.&#160; If no record date has been fixed by
        the board of directors and prior action by the board of directors is required by applicable law, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action without a meeting shall be at the close of business on the date on
        which the board of directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.</u></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #000000; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 7.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 6. </strike></font>The corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends, and to vote as such owner, and to hold liable for calls
    and assessments a person registered on its books as the owner of shares, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall be express or
    other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">the State of</u></font> Delaware.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">ARTICLE VII<br>
    GENERAL PROVISIONS</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">DIVIDENDS</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 1.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Dividends upon the capital stock of the corporation, subject to the provisions of the certificate of incorporation, if any, may be declared by
    the board of directors at any regular or special meeting, pursuant to law. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the capital stock, subject to the provisions of the certificate of incorporation.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 2.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out of any funds of the corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the
    directors from time to time, in their absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the corporation, or for such other purpose as the
    directors shall think conducive to the interest of the corporation, and the directors may modify or abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #FF0000; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><strike>ANNUAL STATEMENT</strike></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 3. </strike></font><font style="color: #008000;"><strike>The board of directors shall </strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>present at each annual meeting, and at any special meeting of the stockholders when called for by vote of the stockholders, a full and clear statement of the business and condition of the
        corporation.</strike></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #000000; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">CHECKS</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 3.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 4. </strike></font>All checks or demands for money and notes of the corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person or persons as the board of directors may from time to time designate.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #000000; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">FISCAL YEAR</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 4.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 5. </strike></font>The fiscal year of the corporation shall be fixed by resolution of the board of directors.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #000000; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">SEAL</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 5.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 6. </strike></font>The <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">corporation may adopt a</u></font> corporate seal<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">, which</u></font> shall have inscribed thereon the name of the corporation, the year of its organization and the words &#8220;Corporate Seal, Delaware&#8221;. The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be
    impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">ARTICLE VIII<br>
    <font style="color: #FF0000;"><strike>AMENDMENTS</strike></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 1. </strike></font><font style="color: #008000;"><strike>These by-laws may be altered, amended or
        repealed or new by-laws may be adopted by the stockholders or by the board of directors, when such power is conferred upon the board of directors by the certificate of incorporation at any regular meeting of the stockholders or of the board of
        directors or at any special meeting of the stockholders or of the board of directors if notice of such alteration, amendment, repeal or adoption of new by-laws be contained in the notice of such special meeting.</strike></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><font style="color: #FF0000;"><strike>ARTICLE IX</strike></font><br>
    STOCKHOLDER BUSINESS AND NOMINATIONS</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">Section 1.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; <font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Notice of Stockholder Business and Nominations</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>. </strike><strike>(A) </strike></font><font style="background-color: #C0C0C0; font-style: italic; color: #000000;">Annual Meetings of Stockholders</font>. (1) Nominations of persons for election
    to the board of directors of the corporation and the proposal of business to be considered by the stockholders may be made at an <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Annual Meeting</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">annual meeting</u></font> of stockholders (a) pursuant to the corporation&#8217;s notice of meeting delivered pursuant to Article II of these by-laws, (b) by or at the direction of the board of
    directors or (c) by any stockholder of the corporation who <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>is </strike></font><font style="color: #008000;"><strike>entitled to vote at the meeting</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>, who </strike></font>has complied with the notice procedures <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>set forth in clauses (2) and (3) of this paragraph (A) </strike></font>and the other requirements
    <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">set forth in Sections 1 and 3</u></font> of this <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 1</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Article VIII</u></font> and who was a stockholder of record at the time such notice was delivered to the secretary of the corporation<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>.</strike></font>&#160;<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at such annual meeting, and, with respect to the nominations</u></font>&#160;<font style="color: #008000;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">of persons for election to the board of directors</u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">, who has complied with the requirements of
        the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#8220;Exchange Act&#8221;), and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (including Rule 14a-19 thereunder).</u></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 144pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;">(2)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; For nominations or other business to be properly brought before an <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Annual Meeting</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">annual meeting</u></font> by a stockholder pursuant to clause (c) of paragraph <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>(A)</strike></font>(1) of this
    Section 1, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the secretary of the corporation. To be timely, a stockholder&#8217;s notice shall be delivered <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">in writing</u></font> to the secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(i) with respect to the annual meeting of stockholders in
        2023,</u></font> not less than sixty days nor more than ninety days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year&#8217;s <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Annual Meeting</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">annual meeting, and (ii) with respect to each subsequent annual meeting of stockholders, not less than ninety days nor more than one hundred twenty days prior to the first anniversary of the
        preceding year&#8217;s annual meeting</u></font>; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Annual Meeting</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">annual meeting</u></font> is advanced by more than thirty days or delayed by more than sixty days from such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(i) with respect to the annual meeting of stockholders in 2023,</u></font> not earlier than the ninetieth day prior to such <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Annual
        Meeting</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">annual meeting</u></font> and not later than the close of business on the later of the sixtieth day prior to such <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Annual Meeting</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">annual meeting or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement of
        the date of such meeting is first made and (ii) with respect to each subsequent annual meeting of stockholders, not earlier than the one hundred twentieth day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the
        ninetieth day prior to such annual meeting</u></font> or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made. <font style="color: #008000;"><strike>Such stockholder&#8217;s notice shall set forth</strike></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 144pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(3)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="color: #008000;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Such stockholder&#8217;s notice shall set forth</u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">:</u></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 72pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(a)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>(a) </strike></font>as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a director all information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies
    for election of directors, or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Securities </strike></font>Exchange Act <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>of
        1934 (the &#8220;Exchange Act&#8221;) </strike></font>(including such person&#8217;s written consent to being named <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>in the proxy statement </strike></font>as a nominee <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">in any proxy statement relating to the meeting of stockholders</u></font> and to serving as a director if elected), or any successor rule or regulation;</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 72pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(b)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>(b) </strike></font>as to any other business that the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">of</u></font> the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting and <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>any material interest</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">of the existence of any financial agreement, arrangement or understanding</u></font> in such business <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>of</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">proposal that</u></font> such stockholder<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike> and the</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">,</u></font> beneficial owner, if any, <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>on whose behalf the proposal is made</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">or any of their respective affiliates or associates may have</u></font>; <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>and</strike></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 72pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(c)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>(c) </strike></font>as to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">:</u></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 108pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(i) </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>(i) </strike></font>the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on the corporation&#8217;s books, and of such beneficial owner<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike> and</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">,</u></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 108pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(ii) </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>(ii) </strike></font>the class and number of shares of the corporation which are owned beneficially and of record by such stockholder and such beneficial owner<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>.</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">,</u></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 108pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(iii) a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding
      with respect to the nomination or proposal between or among such stockholder and such beneficial owner, any of their respective affiliates or associates, and any others acting in concert with any of the foregoing,</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 108pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(iv) a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding, or
      any proposal thereof (including any derivative or short positions, profit interests, options, warrants, stock appreciation or similar rights, hedging transactions, and borrowed or loaned shares) that has been entered into by, or on behalf of, such
      stockholder and/or such beneficial owner, the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to, manage risk or benefit of share price changes for, or increase or decrease the voting power of, such stockholder or such beneficial owner, with respect to
      shares of stock of the corporation, and</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 108pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(v) its written agreement to promptly provide to the corporation such
      other information or supporting documentation, whether relating to the stockholder, the nominee or otherwise, as the corporation may reasonably request.</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 72pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(d)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; a representation and agreement that the nominee has read and
      agrees, if elected, to comply with all of the corporation&#8217;s corporate governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality and stock ownership and trading policies and guidelines, and any other corporate policies and guidelines applicable to directors
      (such policies to be provided by the secretary of the corporation at the written request of the stockholder),</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 72pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(e)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; a representation and agreement that the nominee is not and
      will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, and has not given any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such person, if elected as a director of the corporation, will act or vote on any issue or
      question,</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 72pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(f)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; a representation and warranty that the nominee&#8217;s candidacy
      or, if elected, board of director membership, would not violate applicable state or federal law or the rules of any stock exchange on which the corporation&#8217;s securities are traded,</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 72pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(g)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; a copy of a fully completed and executed director
      questionnaire (including a statement detailing the nominee&#8217;s experience in matters of risk management and a statement of any position, affiliation or other arrangement between the nominee and any competitor of the corporation or any of its
      subsidiaries during the three years preceding the submission of such director questionnaire), and such other duly executed written representations and agreements by each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election as a director as
      may be reasonably required by the corporation, such questionnaire, representations and agreements to be in the form provided by the secretary of the corporation at the written request of the stockholder;</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 72pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(h)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; a description of any compensatory, payment or other
      financial agreement, arrangement or understanding that has been entered into by, or on behalf of, such stockholder and/or such beneficial owner with any person or entity in connection with the nominee&#8217;s service or action as a director of the
      corporation; and</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 72pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(i)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; the information required to be provided pursuant to Rule
      14a-19 under the Exchange Act.</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>(3) </strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(4)</u></font><font style="color: #000000;">&#160;&#160; Notwithstanding anything in the second sentence of paragraph (</font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>A)(</strike></font><font style="color: #000000;">2) of this Section 1 to the contrary, in the
      event that the number of directors to be elected to the board of directors of the corporation </font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">at the annual meeting</u></font><font style="color: #000000;">
      is increased and there is no public announcement naming all of the nominees for director or specifying the size of the increased board of directors made by the corporation at least </font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>seventy</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">one hundred</u></font><font style="color: #000000;"> days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year&#8217;s </font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Annual
        Meeting</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">annual meeting (or seventy days with respect to the annual meeting of stockholders in 2023)</u></font><font style="color: #000000;">, a
      stockholder&#8217;s notice required by this Section 1 shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions created by such increase, if it shall be delivered to the secretary at the principal executive offices of the
      corporation not later than the close of business on the tenth day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the corporation.</font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 2.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>(B) </strike></font><font style="font-style: italic;">Special Meetings of Stockholders.</font> Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the
    corporation&#8217;s notice of meeting pursuant to Article II of these by-laws. Nominations of persons for election to the board of directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected pursuant to the corporation&#8217;s
    notice of meeting (a) by or at the direction of the board of directors or (b) by any stockholder of the corporation who <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>is entitled to vote at the meeting, who </strike></font>has complied with
    the notice procedures <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">and other requirements</u></font> set forth in <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>this Section 1</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 1 paragraph (3), this Section 2 and Section 3, </u><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">including the requirements of the Exchange Act, and the rules and
        regulations promulgated thereunder (including Rule 14a-19 thereunder)</u></font> and who was a stockholder of record at the time such notice was delivered to the secretary of the corporation<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>.
        Nomination by</strike></font>&#160;<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">and on the record date for the determination of</u></font> stockholders <font style="color: #008000;"><strike>of persons for
        election to the board of directors </strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>may be made at such a</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">entitled to
        notice of and to vote at such</u></font> special meeting<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike> of stockholders if the stockholder&#8217;s notice required by paragraph (A)(2) of this Section 1 shall have</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">; such notice having</u></font> been delivered <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">in writing</u></font> to the
    secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not earlier than the <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>ninetieth</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">one hundred twentieth</u></font> day prior to such special meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>sixtieth</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">ninetieth</u></font> day prior to such special meeting or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 3.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>(C) </strike></font><font style="font-style: italic;">General.</font> (1) Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Article VIII, except as otherwise provided in</u></font> Section <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>1</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">2 of
        Article III,</u></font> shall be eligible to serve as directors and only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in this <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 1.</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Article VIII.</u></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 144pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(2)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; A stockholder who has delivered a notice of nomination pursuant to this Article
      VIII shall concurrently with such notice certify in writing to the secretary of the corporation that such stockholder has fully complied with (and with respect to any items that, as of the date of such notice, compliance is not yet required, certify
      that such stockholder will fully comply on a timely basis) all of the requirements of these by-laws and of Rule 14a-19(a), including, for the avoidance of doubt, Rule 14a-19(a)(3), which provides that a stockholder soliciting proxies in support of
      director nominees other than the corporation&#8217;s nominees must solicit the holders of shares representing at least 67% of the voting power of shares entitled to vote on the election of directors, and shall, no later than five (5) business days prior to
      the date of the applicable meeting of stockholders or any adjournment, postponement, recess or rescheduling thereof, as well as at any other time upon the reasonable request of the secretary of the corporation, certify, in writing, his full
      compliance with these by-laws and Rule 14a-19, and provide evidence of such compliance as the corporation may reasonably request.</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 144pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(3)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; A stockholder providing notice of a proposed nomination for
        election</u></font>&#160;<font style="color: #008000;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">to the board of directors </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">or other business proposed to be
        brought before a meeting shall promptly update and supplement such notice from time to time to the extent necessary so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice shall be true and correct as of the record date for the
        meeting and through and including the date of the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof. Such update and supplement shall be promptly delivered in writing to the secretary of the corporation at the principal executive offices of the
        corporation, and in all events not later than the commencement of the stockholder meeting. For purposes of this paragraph (3) of Section 3, &#8220;promptly&#8221; shall mean within two days.</u></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 144pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(4)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Any failure to timely provide any information, update, supplement, or evidence
      pursuant to this Article VIII shall result in the nomination or other business proposal no longer being eligible for consideration at the meeting and any votes or proxies in respect of such nomination or business shall be disregarded, notwithstanding
      that such proxies may have been received by the corporation and counted for the purposes of determining a quorum (with &#8220;abstentions&#8221; and &#8220;broker nonvotes&#8221; not counted as a vote cast either &#8220;for&#8221; or &#8220;against&#8221; that nominee&#8217;s election or other business
      proposal). If the stockholder fails to comply with the requirements of Rule 14a-19 (including because the stockholder fails to provide the corporation with all information or notices required by Rule 14a-19), then the director nominees or other
      business proposal by such stockholder shall be ineligible for consideration at the meeting and any votes or proxies in respect of such nomination or business shall be disregarded, notwithstanding that such proxies may have been received by the
      corporation and counted for the purposes of determining a quorum (with &#8220;abstentions&#8221; and &#8220;broker nonvotes&#8221; not counted as a vote cast either &#8220;for&#8221; or &#8220;against&#8221; that nominee&#8217;s election or other business proposal). In no event shall an adjournment or
      postponement of a special or annual meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder&#8217;s notice as described pursuant to this Article VIII.</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 144pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(5)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font>Except as otherwise provided by law, the certificate
    of incorporation or these by-laws, the chairman of the meeting shall have the power and duty to determine whether a nomination or any business <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>proposed</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">proposal</u></font> to be brought before the meeting was made in accordance with the procedures set forth in <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>this Section 1</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">these by-laws</u></font> and, if any proposed nomination or business is not in <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">full</u></font>
    compliance with <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>this Section 1</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">these by-laws</u></font>, to declare that such defective
    proposal or nomination shall be disregarded<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>.</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">, notwithstanding that such proxies may have been
        received by the corporation and counted for the purposes of determining a quorum (with &#8220;abstentions&#8221; and &#8220;broker nonvotes&#8221; not counted as a vote cast either &#8220;for&#8221; or &#8220;against&#8221; that nominee&#8217;s election or other business proposed).</u></font></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 144pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(6)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, any notice, request,
      certification, update, supplement or other writing required to be delivered to the secretary of the corporation pursuant to these by-laws, including this Article VIII, must be delivered by mail or other physical delivery, and not by electronic
      transmission, to the secretary's attention at the principal executive offices of the corporation.</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 144pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(7)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>(2)
      </strike></font>For purposes of this by-law, &#8220;public announcement&#8221; shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or comparable national news service or in a document publicly filed by the
    corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.</div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 144pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">(8)&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>(3)
      </strike></font>Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 1</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Article VIII</u></font>,
    a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 1</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Article VIII</u></font>. Nothing in this <font style="font-weight: bold; color: #FF0000;"><strike>Section 1</strike></font><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Article VIII</u></font> shall be deemed to affect any rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the corporation&#8217;s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act.</div>
  <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 12pt; color: #0000FF; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">ARTICLE IX</u><br>
    <u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">AMENDMENTS</u></div>
  <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #0000FF;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Section 1.&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; </u></font><font style="color: #008000;"><u style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">These by-laws may be altered, amended or repealed or new by-laws may be adopted by the stockholders or by the board of directors, when such power is conferred upon the board of directors by the certificate of
        incorporation at any regular meeting of the stockholders or of the board of directors or at any special meeting of the stockholders or of the board of directors if notice of such alteration, amendment, repeal or adoption of new by-laws be contained
        in the notice of such special meeting.</u></font></div>
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