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Merger
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Business Combinations [Abstract]  
Merger
Centex merger
On August 18, 2009, we completed the acquisition of Centex through the merger of PulteGroup’s merger subsidiary with and into Centex pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of April 7, 2009 among PulteGroup, Pi Nevada Building Company, and Centex. As a result of the merger, Centex became a wholly-owned subsidiary of PulteGroup. Accordingly, the results of Centex are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date of the merger.
We acquired all of the outstanding shares of Centex common stock at the fixed exchange ratio of 0.975 shares of PulteGroup common stock for each share of Centex common stock. In addition, the majority of the restricted shares of Centex common stock and restricted stock units with respect to Centex common stock granted under Centex’s employee and director stock plans vested and were converted per the exchange ratio into PulteGroup common stock or units with respect to PulteGroup common stock. Each outstanding vested and unvested Centex stock option granted under Centex’s employee and director stock plans was converted into a vested option to purchase shares of PulteGroup common stock, with adjustments to reflect the exchange ratio.
For accounting purposes, PulteGroup was treated as the acquirer, and the consideration transferred was computed based on PulteGroup’s common stock closing price of $12.33 per share on August 18, 2009, the date the merger was consummated. The acquired assets and assumed liabilities were recorded by us at their estimated fair values, with certain limited exceptions. We determined the estimated fair values with the assistance of appraisals or valuations performed by independent third party specialists, discounted cash flow analyses, quoted market prices where available, and estimates made by management. To the extent the consideration transferred exceeded the fair value of net assets acquired, such excess was assigned to goodwill.
The following table summarizes the total consideration transferred and the final amounts recognized as of the merger date (000’s omitted):
Total consideration transferred
$
1,505,091

 
 
Assets acquired
 
Cash and equivalents
$
1,772,829

Inventory
2,053,329

Intangible assets
100,000

Goodwill
1,461,422

Other assets
577,229

Total assets acquired
5,964,809

 
 
Liabilities assumed
 
Senior notes
(3,085,316
)
Other liabilities
(1,374,402
)
Total liabilities assumed
(4,459,718
)
 
 
Total net assets acquired
$
1,505,091


Of the $100.0 million of acquired intangible assets, $96.0 million related to tradenames that are being amortized over 20 years. The remaining $4.0 million of acquired intangible assets related to acquired backlog at August 18, 2009 that was amortized in 2009 as the related customer orders closed. Amortization expense for these assets totaled $5.0 million, $5.0 million, and $5.9 million in 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively, and is included within other expense (income), net.
We completed the business combination accounting in the second quarter of 2010. This resulted in an increase to goodwill of $2.5 million related to the completion of a final valuation of self-insurance liabilities assumed with the Centex merger.
As of the merger date, goodwill largely consisted of the expected economic value attributable to Centex’s deferred tax assets and expected synergies resulting from the merger. Centex had $1.3 billion of deferred tax assets as of the merger date, which were substantially offset by a valuation allowance due to the uncertainty of realization. While the ultimate realization of these deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of taxable income during future periods, such assets have a significant economic value given their long life and our expectations regarding future operating results. As discussed in Note 11, a portion of the economic value of these deferred tax assets was recognized in the fourth quarter of 2009. The combined entity has also achieved significant savings in corporate and divisional overhead costs and interest costs and synergies in the areas of purchasing leverage and integrating the combined organization’s operational best practices. We also have experienced and anticipate future opportunities for growth through expanded geographic and customer segment diversity and the ability to leverage additional brands.
Transaction and integration costs
Transaction and integration costs directly related to the Centex merger, excluding the impact of restructuring costs and acquisition accounting adjustments, totaled $40.9 million for 2009, the majority of which are included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations within selling, general, and administrative expenses. Such costs were expensed as incurred in accordance with ASC 805. See Note 4 for a discussion of restructuring costs incurred in connection with the Centex merger.
Supplemental pro forma information
The following represents pro forma operating results as if Centex had been included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as of the beginning of the year ended December 31, 2009 ($000’s omitted, except per share data):
 
2009
Revenue
$
5,785,880

Net loss
$
(1,633,836
)
Loss per common share -
 
Basic and diluted
$
(4.34
)

The supplemental pro forma operating results have been determined after adjusting the operating results of Centex to reflect additional amortization that would have been recorded assuming the fair value adjustments to intangible assets had been applied as of January 1, 2009. Certain other adjustments, including those related to conforming accounting policies and adjusting acquired inventory to fair value, have not been reflected in the supplemental pro forma operating results due to the impracticability of estimating such impacts. Additionally, given the significant volatility in the homebuilding industry in recent periods, such a presentation would not be indicative of future operating results.