10-K 1 a201210-k.htm 10-K
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission File Number 1-9804
_______________________________________________________________________
PULTEGROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

MICHIGAN |  | 38-2766606
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

100 Bloomfield Hills Parkway, Suite 300
Bloomfield Hills, Michigan 48304
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (248) 647-2750
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 |  | New York Stock Exchange
PulteGroup, Inc. 7.375% Senior Notes due 2046 |  | New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
NONE
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. YES [X] NO [ ]
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. YES [ ] NO [X]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES [X] NO [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Act. YES [X] NO [ ]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer [X] Accelerated filer [ ] Non-accelerated filer [ ] Smaller reporting company [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). YES [ ] NO [X]
The aggregate market value of the registrant’s voting stock held by nonaffiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2012, based on the closing sale price per share as reported by the New York Stock Exchange on such date, was $4,069,916,376.
As of February 1, 2013, the registra nt had 386,598,562 shares of common s tock outstanding.
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Applicable portions of the Proxy Statement for the 2013 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form.

PULTEGROUP, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Item No. |  | Page No.
| Part I |
1 | Business | 3
1A | Risk Factors | 9
1B | Unresolved Staff Comments | 15
2 | Properties | 15
3 | Legal Proceedings | 15
4 | Mine Safety Disclosures | 15
4A | Executive Officers of the Registrant | 16
| Part II |
5 | Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities | 17
6 | Selected Financial Data | 19
7 | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 21
7A | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 44
8 | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data | 46
9 | Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure | 95
9A | Controls and Procedures | 95
9B | Other Information | 96
| Part III |
10 | Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance | 97
11 | Executive Compensation | 97
12 | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters | 97
13 | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence | 97
14 | Principal Accountant Fees and Services | 97
| Part IV |
15 | Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules | 98
| Signatures | 101

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PART I
ITEM I. BUSINESS
PulteGroup, Inc.
PulteGroup, Inc. is a Michigan corporation organized in 1956. We are one of the largest homebuilders in the United States, and our common stock trades on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “PHM”. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms "PulteGroup", the "Company", "we", "us", and "our" used herein refer to PulteGroup, Inc. and its subsidiaries. While our subsidiaries engage primarily in the homebuilding business, we also have mortgage banking operations, conducted principally through Pulte Mortgage LLC (“Pulte Mortgage”), and title operations.
Homebuilding, our core business, includes the acquisition and development of land primarily for residential purposes within the United States and the construction of housing on such land. Homebuilding offers a broad product line to meet the needs of home buyers in our targeted markets. Through our brands, which include Pulte Homes, Del Webb, and Centex (acquired through our merger with Centex Corporation ("Centex") in August 2009), we offer a wide variety of home designs, including single-family detached, townhouses, condominiums, and duplexes at different prices and with varying levels of options and amenities to our major customer groups: entry-level, move-up, and active adult. Over our history, we have delivered over 600,000 homes.
As of December 31, 2012, we conducted our operations in 58 markets located throughout 28 states. For reporting purposes, our Homebuilding operations are aggregated into six reportable segments:

Northeast: |  | Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia
Southeast: |  | Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee
Florida: |  | Florida
Texas: |  | Texas
North: |  | Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Northern California, Ohio, Oregon, Washington
Southwest: |  | Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Southern California

We also have a reportable segment for our financial services operations, which consist principally of mortgage banking and title operations. Our Financial Services segment operates generally in the same geographic markets as our Homebuilding segments.
Financial information for each of our reportable business segments is included in Note 5 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Available information
Our internet website address is www.pultegroupinc.com. Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act are available free of charge through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file them with or furnish them to the Securities and Exchange Commission. Our code of ethics for principal officers, our code of ethical business conduct, our corporate governance guidelines, and the charters of the Audit, Compensation and Management Development, Nominating and Governance, and Finance and Investment committees of our Board of Directors are also posted on our website and are available in print, free of charge, upon request.
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Homebuilding Operations

| Years Ended December 31, ($000’s omitted)
| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010 |  | 2009 |  | 2008
Home sale revenues | $ | 4,552,412 |  |  | $ | 3,950,743 |  |  | $ | 4,419,812 |  |  | $ | 3,869,297 |  |  | $ | 5,980,289 |
Home closings | 16,505 |  |  | 15,275 |  |  | 17,095 |  |  | 15,013 |  |  | 21,022 |

In recent years, the U.S. housing market experienced a significant decline in the demand for new homes as well as a sharp decline in overall residential real estate values. As a result of this industry-wide downturn, we suffered net losses in each year between 2007 - 2011 from a combination of reduced operational profitability and significant asset impairments. In response to these market conditions, we restructured our operations, including making significant reductions in employee headcount and overhead costs, and managed our business to generate cash, including curtailing our investments in inventory. We used this positive cash flow to, among other things, increase our cash reserves as well as retire outstanding debt.
In 2012, new home sales in the U.S. increased for the first time since 2005, rising 20% to 367,000 homes. However, this improvement was from a very low base as U.S. home sales in 2011 were the lowest since 1962. Although current volume remains very low compared to historical levels, the improved environment and our restructuring actions contributed to our return to profitability in 2012. In the long term, we continue to believe that the national publicly-traded builders will have a competitive advantage over local builders through their ability to leverage economies of scale, access to more reliable and lower cost financing through the capital markets, ability to control and entitle large land positions, and greater geographic and product diversification. Among the national publicly-traded peer group, we believe that builders with more significant land positions, broad geographic and product diversity, and sustainable capital positions will benefit as market conditions recover. In the short-term, we expect that overall market conditions will continue to improve but that improvements will occur unevenly across our markets. Our strategy to enhance shareholder value is centered around the following operational objectives:

• | Improving our inventory turns;

• | More effectively allocating the capital invested in our business using a risk-based portfolio approach;

• | Enhancing revenues through more strategic pricing, including establishing clear product offerings for each of our brands based on systematic, consumer-driven input, optimizing our pricing through the expanded use of options and lot premiums, and lessening our reliance on spec home sales;

• | Reducing our house costs through common house plan management, value-engineering our house plans, and working with suppliers to reduce costs; and

• | Maintaining an efficient overhead structure.

Our Homebuilding operations are geographically diverse within the U.S. As of December 31, 2012, we had 670 active communities. Sales prices of unit closings during 2012 ranged from less than $100,000 to greater than $900,000, with 85% falling within the range of $100,000 to $400,000. The average unit selling price in 2012 was $276,000, compared with $259,000 in 2011, $259,000 in 2010, $258,000 in 2009, and $284,000 in 2008.
Sales of single-family detached homes, as a percentage of total unit sales, were 81% in 2012, compared with 79% in 2011, 79% in 2010, 77% in 2009, and 75% in 2008. The increase in the percentage of single-family detached homes can be attributed to a weakened demand for townhouses, condominiums, and other attached housing, as prices for detached new homes have become more affordable for entry-level and active adult homebuyers.
Ending backlog, which represents orders for homes that have not yet closed, was $1.9 billion (6,458 units) at December 31, 2012 and $1.1 billion (3,924 units) at December 31, 2011. For each order in backlog, we have received a signed customer contract and customer deposit, which is refundable in certain instances. Of the orders in backlog at December 31, 2012, substantially all are scheduled to be closed during 2013, though all orders are subject to potential cancellation by or final negotiations with the customer. In the event of cancellation, the majority of our sales contracts stipulate that we have the right to retain the customer’s deposit, though we may choose to refund the deposit in certain instances.
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Land acquisition and development
We acquire land primarily for the construction of homes for sale to homebuyers, though we periodically sell select parcels of land to third parties for commercial or other development. Additionally, we may determine that certain land assets no longer fit into our strategic operating plans. We select locations for development of homebuilding communities after completing a feasibility study, which includes, among other things, soil tests, independent environmental studies and other engineering work, an evaluation of necessary zoning and other governmental entitlements, and extensive market research that enables us to match the location with our product offering to targeted consumer groups. We consider factors such as proximity to developed areas, population and job growth patterns and, if applicable, estimated development costs. We frequently manage a portion of the risk of controlling our land positions through the use of land option contracts, which enable us to defer acquiring portions of properties owned by land sellers until we have determined whether and when to exercise our option. Our use of land option agreements reduces our financial risks associated with long-term land holdings. We typically acquire land with the intent to complete sales of housing units within 24 to 36 months from the date of opening a community, except in the case of certain Del Webb active adult developments and other large master-planned projects for which the completion of community build-out requires a longer time period. While our overall supply of controlled land is in excess of our short-term needs in many of our markets, some of our controlled land consists of long-term positions that will not be converted to home sales in the near term. Accordingly, we remain active in our pursuit of new land investment.
Land is generally purchased after it is properly zoned and developed or is ready for development. In the normal course of business, we dispose of owned land not required by our homebuilding operations through sales to appropriate end users. Where we develop land, we engage directly in many phases of the development process, including land and site planning, and obtaining environmental and other regulatory approvals, as well as constructing roads, sewers, water and drainage facilities, and community amenities, such as parks, pools, and clubhouses. We use our staff and the services of independent engineers and consultants for land development activities. Land development work is performed primarily by independent contractors and local government authorities who construct sewer and water systems in some areas. At December 31, 2012, we controlled 119,875 lots, of which 103,060 were owned and 16,815 were under option agreements.
Sales and marketing
We are dedicated to improving the quality and value of our homes through innovative architectural and community designs. Analyzing various qualitative and quantitative data obtained through extensive market research, we stratify our potential customers into well-defined buyer groups. Such stratification provides a method for understanding the business opportunities and risks across the full spectrum of consumer groups in each market. Once the demands of potential buyers are understood, we link our home design and community development efforts to the specific lifestyle of each targeted consumer group. Through our portfolio of brands, each serving unique consumer groups, we are able to provide a distinct experience to potential customers:

| Pulte Homes | Centex | Del Webb
Targeted consumer group | Move-up buyers | Entry-level buyers | Active adults
Portion of 2012 home closings | 43% | 31% | 26%

The move-up buyers in our Pulte Homes communities tend to place more of a premium on location and amenities. These communities typically offer larger homes at higher price points. Our Centex brand is targeted to entry-level buyers, and these homes tend to be smaller with product offerings geared toward lower average selling prices. Through our Del Webb brand, we are better able to address the needs of active adults. Our Del Webb brand offers both destination communities and “in place” communities, for those buyers who prefer to remain in their current geographic area. These highly amenitized communities offer a variety of features, including golf courses, recreational centers, and educational classes, to the age fifty-five and over buyer to maintain an active lifestyle. In order to make the cost of these highly amenitized communities affordable to the individual homeowner, Del Webb communities tend to be very large, consisting in some cases of several thousand homes, and have longer life cycles, in some cases extending beyond 10 years.
We introduce our homes to prospective buyers through media advertising, illustrated brochures, Internet listings and link placements, mobile applications, and other advertising displays. We have made significant enhancements in our tools and business practices to adapt our selling efforts to today's mobile customers. In addition, our websites, www.pulte.com, www.delwebb.com, and www.centex.com, provide tools to help users find a home that meets their needs, investigate financing alternatives, communicate moving plans, maintain a home, learn more about us, and communicate directly with us. There were approximately 8.0 million unique visits to our websites during 2012, compared to approximately 6.7 million in 2011.
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To meet the demands of our various customers, we have established design expertise for a wide array of product lines. We believe that we are an innovator in consumer-inspired home design, and we view our design capabilities as an integral aspect of our marketing strategy. Our in-house architectural services teams and management, supplemented by outside consultants, create distinctive design features, both in exterior facades and interior options and features. We typically offer a variety of potential options and upgrades, such as different flooring, countertop, and appliance choices, and design our base house and option packages to meet the needs of our customers as defined through rigorous market research. Energy efficiency represents an important source of value for new homes compared to existing homes and represents a key area of focus for our home designs, including high efficiency HVAC systems and insulation, low-emissivity windows, solar power in certain geographies, and other energy-efficient features.
Typically, our sales teams, together with outside sales brokers, are responsible for guiding the customer through the sales process. We are committed to industry-leading customer service through a variety of quality initiatives, including our customer care program, which ensures that homeowners are comfortable at every stage of the building process. Fully furnished and landscaped model homes are generally used to showcase our homes and their distinctive design features.
Construction
The construction of our homes is conducted under the supervision of our on-site construction field managers. Substantially all of our construction work is performed by independent subcontractors under contracts that, in many instances, cover both labor and materials on a fixed-price basis. Using a selective process, we have teamed up with what we believe are premier subcontractors and suppliers to improve all aspects of the house construction process.
Continuous improvement in our house construction process is a key area of focus. We maintain efficient construction operations by using standard materials and components from a variety of sources and utilizing standard construction practices, including lean production principles. Beginning in 2011, we implemented an intensive effort to improve our product offerings and production processes through the following programs:

• | New product development to introduce new features and technologies based on customer validated data;

• | Common management of house plans in order to focus on building those house designs that customers value the most and that can be built at the highest quality and an efficient cost;

• | Value engineering our house plans to optimize house designs in terms of material content and ease of constructability while still providing a clear value to the consumer (value engineering eliminates items that add cost but that have little to no value to the customer); and

• | Working with our suppliers to establish the "should cost", a data driven, collaborative effort to reduce construction costs to what the associated construction activities or materials “should cost” in the market.

The availability of labor and materials at reasonable prices is becoming an increasing concern for certain trades and building materials in some markets as the supply chain responds to uneven industry growth. Additionally, the cost of certain building materials, especially lumber, steel, concrete, copper, and petroleum-based materials, is influenced by changes in global commodity prices. To minimize the effects of changes in construction costs, the contracting and purchasing of building supplies and materials generally is negotiated at or near the time when related sales contracts are signed. In addition, we leverage our size by actively negotiating certain materials on a national or regional basis to minimize production component cost. We are also working to establish a more integrated system that can effectively link suppliers, contractors, and the production schedule. However, we cannot determine the extent to which necessary building materials and labor will be available at reasonable prices in the future.
Competition
The housing industry in the United States is fragmented and highly competitive. While we are one of the largest homebuilders in the U.S., our national market share represented only 5% of new home sales in 2012. In each of our local markets, there are numerous national, regional, and local homebuilders with whom we compete. Additionally, new home sales traditionally represent less than 15% of overall U.S. home sales (new and existing homes). Therefore, we also compete with sales of existing house inventory, and any provider of housing units, for sale or to rent, including apartment operators, may be considered a competitor. Conversion of apartments to condominiums further provides an alternative to traditional housing, as does manufactured housing. We compete primarily on the basis of location, price, quality, reputation, design, community amenities, and our customers' overall sales and homeownership experiences.
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Seasonality
Our homebuilding operating cycle historically reflected increased revenues, profitability, and cash flow from operations during the fourth quarter based on the timing of home closings. While the challenging market conditions experienced in recent years lessened the seasonal variations of our results, we have experienced a return to a more traditional demand pattern as new orders were higher in the first half of the year and home closings increased in each quarter throughout the year. If and when the homebuilding industry more fully recovers from the recent downturn, we believe these traditional seasonal patterns will continue.
Regulation and environmental matters
Our operations are subject to extensive regulations imposed and enforced by various federal, state, and local governing authorities. These regulations are complex and include building codes, land zoning and other entitlement restrictions, health and safety regulations, labor practices, marketing and sales practices, environmental regulations, rules and regulations relating to mortgage financing operations, and various other laws, rules, and regulations. Collectively, these regulations have a significant impact on the site selection and development of our communities, our house design and construction techniques, our relationships with customers, employees, and suppliers / subcontractors, and many other aspects of our business. The applicable governing authorities frequently have broad discretion in administering these regulations, including inspections of our homes prior to closing with the customer in the majority of municipalities in which we operate.
Financial Services Operations
We conduct our financial services business, which includes mortgage and title operations, through Pulte Mortgage and other subsidiaries. Pulte Mortgage arranges financing through the origination of mortgage loans primarily for the benefit of our homebuyers. We are a lender approved by the FHA and VA and are a seller/servicer approved by Government National Mortgage Association ("Ginnie Mae"), Federal National Mortgage Association ("Fannie Mae"), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac"), and other investors. In our conventional mortgage lending activities, we follow underwriting guidelines established by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and private investors. We believe that our customers’ use of our in-house mortgage and title operations provides us with a competitive advantage by enabling more control over the quality of the overall home buying process for our customers while also helping us align the timing of the house construction process with our customers’ financing needs.
Operating as a captive business model primarily targeted to supporting our Homebuilding operations, the operating results of our Financial Services operations are highly correlated to Homebuilding. During 2012, 2011, and 2010, we originated mortgage loans for 67%, 61%, and 62%, respectively, of the homes we sold. Such originations represented substantially all of our total originations in each of those years. Our capture rate, which we define as loan originations from our homebuilding business as a percentage of total loan opportunities from our homebuilding business excluding cash settlements, was 81.9% in 2012, 78.5% in 2011, and 77.5% in 2010.
In originating mortgage loans, we initially use our own funds, including funds available pursuant to credit agreements with third parties, and subsequently sell such mortgage loans to outside investors. Substantially all of the loans we originate are sold in the secondary market within a short period of time after origination, generally within 30 days. We sell the servicing rights for the loans we originate through fixed price servicing sales contracts to reduce the risks and costs inherent in servicing loans. This strategy results in owning the servicing rights for only a short period of time.
The mortgage industry in the United States is highly competitive. We compete with other mortgage companies and financial institutions to provide attractive mortgage financing to our homebuyers. We utilize a centralized fulfillment center staffed with loan consultants to perform our mortgage underwriting, processing and closing functions. We believe centralizing both the fulfillment and origination of our loans improves the speed, efficiency, and quality of our mortgage operations, improving our profitability and allowing us to focus on providing attractive mortgage financing opportunities for our customers.
In originating and servicing mortgage loans, we are subject to the rules and regulations of the government-sponsored investors and other investors that purchase the loans we originate, as well as to those of other government agencies that have oversight of the government-sponsored investors or consumer lending rules in the U.S. In addition to being affected by changes in these programs, our mortgage banking business is also affected by many of the same factors that impact our homebuilding business.
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Our mortgage operations may be responsible for losses associated with mortgage loans originated and sold to investors in the event of errors or omissions relating to representations and warranties that the loans sold meet certain requirements, including representations as to underwriting standards, the existence of primary mortgage insurance, and the validity of certain borrower representations in connection with the loan. If determined to be at fault, we either repurchase the loans from the investors or reimburse the investors' losses (a "make-whole" payment). Historically, our overall losses related to this risk were not significant. Beginning in 2009, however, we experienced a significant increase in losses as a result of the high level of loan defaults and related losses in the mortgage industry and increasing aggressiveness by investors in presenting such claims to us. To date, the significant majority of these losses relates to loans originated in 2006 and 2007, during which period inherently riskier loan products became more common in the mortgage origination market. Given the volatility in the mortgage industry and the uncertainty regarding the ultimate resolution of these claims, it is reasonably possible that future losses may exceed our current estimates.
Our subsidiary title insurance companies serve as title insurance agents in select markets by providing title insurance policies and examination and closing services to buyers of homes we sell. Historically, we have not experienced significant claims related to our title operations.
Financial Information About Geographic Areas
Substantially all of our operations are located within the United States. However, we have some non-operating foreign subsidiaries and affiliates, which are insignificant to our consolidated financial results.
Organization/Employees
All subsidiaries and operating units operate independently with respect to daily operations. Homebuilding real estate purchases and other significant homebuilding, mortgage banking, financing activities, and similar operating decisions must be approved by the business unit’s management and/or corporate senior management.
At December 31, 2012, we employed 3,634 people, of which 697 people were employed in our Financial Services operations. Except for a small group of employees in our St. Louis homebuilding division, our employees are not represented by any union. Contracted work, however, may be performed by union contractors. Our local and corporate management personnel are paid incentive compensation based on a combination of individual performance and the performance of the applicable business unit or the Company. Each business unit is given a level of autonomy regarding employment of personnel, although our senior corporate management acts in an advisory capacity in the employment of subsidiary officers. We consider our employee and contractor relations to be satisfactory.
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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Discussion of our business and operations included in this annual report on Form 10-K should be read together with the risk factors set forth below. They describe various risks and uncertainties to which we are, or may become, subject. These risks and uncertainties, together with other factors described elsewhere in this report, have the potential to affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, strategies, or prospects in a material and adverse manner.
Downward changes in general economic, real estate construction, or other business conditions could adversely affect our business or our financial results.
The residential homebuilding industry is sensitive to changes in economic conditions and other factors, such as the level of employment, consumer confidence, consumer income, availability of financing, and interest rate levels. Adverse changes in any of these conditions generally, or in the markets where we operate, could decrease demand and pricing for new homes in these areas or result in customer cancellations of pending contracts, which could adversely affect the number of home deliveries we make or reduce the prices we can charge for homes, either of which could result in a decrease in our revenues and earnings and would adversely affect our financial condition.
The homebuilding industry experienced a significant downturn in recent years. Although industry conditions improved during 2012, the overall U.S. economy remains weak and the timing of a broad, sustainable recovery in the homebuilding industry remains uncertain. A deterioration in industry conditions could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
In recent years, the U.S. housing market was unfavorably impacted by severe weakness in new home sales attributable to, among other factors, weak consumer confidence, tightened mortgage standards, significant foreclosure activity, a more challenging appraisal environment, higher than normal unemployment levels, and significant uncertainty in the global economy. These conditions contributed to sharply weakened demand for new homes and heightened pricing pressures on new and existing home sales. As a result of these factors, we have experienced significant decreases in our revenues and profitability. We have also incurred substantial impairments of our land inventory and certain other assets. During 2012, overall industry new home sales increased, and we returned to profitability. However, the overall demand for new homes remains at low historical levels, and the timing of a broad, sustainable recovery in the homebuilding industry remains uncertain. Accordingly, we can provide no assurances that the adjustments we have made in our operating strategy will be successful.
If the market value of our land and homes drops significantly, our profits could decrease.
The market value of land, building lots and housing inventories can fluctuate significantly as a result of changing market conditions, and the measures we employ to manage inventory risk may not be adequate to insulate our operations from a severe drop in inventory values. We acquire land for expansion into new markets and for replacement of land inventory and expansion within our current markets. If housing demand decreases below what we anticipated when we acquired our inventory, we may not be able to make profits similar to what we have made in the past, we may experience less than anticipated profits, and/or we may not be able to recover our costs when we sell and build homes. When market conditions are such that land values are not appreciating, option arrangements previously entered into may become less desirable, at which time we may elect to forego deposits and pre-acquisition costs and terminate the agreement. In the face of adverse market conditions, we may have substantial inventory carrying costs, we may have to write down our inventory to its fair value, and/or we may have to sell land or homes at a loss.
As a result of the challenging market conditions in the homebuilding industry, we have incurred significant land-related charges resulting from the write-off of deposits and pre-acquisition costs related to land transactions we elected not to pursue, net realizable valuation adjustments related to land positions sold or held for sale, impairments on land assets related to communities under development or to be developed in the future, impairments of our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures, and impairments of our recorded goodwill. It is reasonably possible that the estimated cash flows from our projects may change and could result in a future need to record additional valuation adjustments. Additionally, if conditions in the homebuilding industry or our local markets worsen in the future or if our strategy related to certain communities changes, we may be required to evaluate our assets for additional impairments or write-downs, which could result in additional charges that might be significant.
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Our success depends on our ability to acquire land suitable for residential homebuilding at reasonable prices, in accordance with our land investment criteria.
The homebuilding industry is highly competitive for suitable land. The availability of finished and partially finished developed lots and undeveloped land for purchase that meet our internal criteria depends on a number of factors outside our control, including land availability in general, competition with other homebuilders and land buyers for desirable property, inflation in land prices, zoning, allowable housing density, and other regulatory requirements. Should suitable lots or land become less available, the number of homes we may be able to build and sell could be reduced, and the cost of land could be increased, perhaps substantially, which could adversely impact our results of operations.
Our long-term ability to build homes depends on our acquiring land suitable for residential building at reasonable prices in locations where we want to build. In the past, we experienced significant competition for suitable land as a result of land constraints in many of our markets. As competition for suitable land increases, and as available land is developed, the cost of acquiring suitable remaining land could rise, and the availability of suitable land at acceptable prices may decline. Any land shortages or any decrease in the supply of suitable land at reasonable prices could limit our ability to develop new communities or result in increased land costs. We may not be able to pass through to our customers any increased land costs, which could adversely impact our revenues, earnings, and margins.
We are subject to claims related to mortgage loans we sold in the secondary mortgage market that may be significant.
Our mortgage operations may be responsible for losses associated with mortgage loans originated and sold to investors in the event of errors or omissions relating to certain representations and warranties that the loans sold meet certain requirements, including representations as to underwriting standards, the type of collateral, the existence of primary mortgage insurance, and the validity of certain borrower representations in connection with the loan. We may also be required to indemnify underwriters that purchased and securitized loans originated by a former subsidiary of Centex for losses incurred by investors in those securitized loans based on similar breaches of representations and warranties.
To date, the significant majority of these losses relate to loans originated in 2006 and 2007, during which period inherently riskier loan products became more common in the origination market. In 2006 and 2007, we originated $39.5 billion of loans, excluding loans originated by Centex's former subprime loan business sold by Centex in 2006.
In addition, we entered into an agreement in conjunction with the wind down of Centex’s mortgage operations, which ceased loan origination activities in December 2009, that provides a guaranty for one major investor of loans originated by Centex. This guaranty provides that we will honor the potential repurchase obligations of Centex’s mortgage operations related to breaches of similar representations in the origination of a certain pool of loans.
The resolution of claims related to alleged breaches of these representations and warranties and repurchase claims could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, cash flows and results of operations, and could exceed existing estimates and accruals. The repurchase liability we recorded is estimated based on several factors, including the level of current unresolved repurchase requests, the volume of estimated probable future repurchase requests, our ability to cure the defects identified in the repurchase requests, and the severity of the estimated loss upon repurchase. The factors referred to above are subject to change in light of market developments, the economic environment, and other circumstances, some of which are beyond our control. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that such reserves will not need to be increased in the future.
10

Future increases in interest rates, reductions in mortgage availability, or increases in the effective costs of owning a home could prevent potential customers from buying our homes and adversely affect our business and financial results.
A large majority of our customers finance their home purchases through mortgage loans, many through our mortgage bank. Interest rates have been near historical lows for several years, which has made new homes more affordable. Increases in interest rates or decreases in the availability of mortgage financing, however, could reduce the market for new homes. Potential homebuyers may be less willing or able to pay the increased monthly costs or to obtain mortgage financing that exposes them to interest rate changes. Lenders may increase the qualifications needed for mortgages or adjust their terms to address any increased credit risk. Even if potential customers do not need financing, changes in interest rates and mortgage availability could make it harder for them to sell their current homes to potential buyers who need financing. These factors could adversely affect the sales or pricing of our homes and could also reduce the volume or margins in our financial services business. Our financial services business could also be impacted to the extent we are unable to match interest rates and amounts on loans we have committed to originate through the various hedging strategies we employ. These developments have had, and may continue to have, a material adverse effect on the overall demand for new housing and thereby on the results of operations for our homebuilding business.
In addition, the Federal Reserve has purchased a sizeable amount of mortgage-backed securities in part to stabilize mortgage interest rates and to support the market for mortgage-backed securities. As the Federal Reserve reduces its holdings of mortgage-backed securities over time, the availability and affordability of mortgage loans, including the consumer interest rates for such loans, could be adversely affected.
We also believe that the availability of FHA and VA mortgage financing is an important factor in marketing some of our homes. The FHA has and may continue to impose stricter loan qualification standards, raise minimum down payment requirements, impose higher mortgage insurance premiums and other costs, and/or limit the number of mortgages it insures. The liquidity provided by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to the mortgage industry is also critical to the housing market. The impact of the federal government’s conservatorship of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on the short-term and long-term demand for new housing remains unclear. Any limitations or restrictions on the availability of financing by these agencies could adversely affect interest rates, mortgage financing, and our sales of new homes and mortgage loans.
Significant costs of homeownership include mortgage interest expense and real estate taxes, both of which are generally deductible for an individual’s federal and, in some cases, state income taxes. Any changes to income tax laws by the federal government or a state government to eliminate or substantially reduce these income tax deductions, as has been considered from time to time, would increase the after-tax cost of owning a home. Increases in real estate taxes by local governmental authorities also increase the cost of homeownership. Any such increases to the cost of homeownership could adversely impact the demand for and sales prices of new homes.
Adverse capital and credit market conditions may significantly affect our access to capital and cost of capital.
The capital and credit markets have experienced significant volatility in recent years. In many cases, the markets have exerted downward pressure on the availability of liquidity and credit capacity for issuers. We need liquidity for future growth and development of our business. Without sufficient liquidity, we may not be able to purchase additional land or develop land, which could adversely affect our financial results. At December 31, 2012, we had cash and equivalents of $1.4 billion as well as restricted cash totaling $72.0 million. However, our internal sources of liquidity may prove to be insufficient, and in such case, we may not be able to successfully obtain additional financing on terms acceptable to us, or at all.
Another source of liquidity includes our ability to use letters of credit and surety bonds pursuant to certain performance-related obligations and as security for certain land option agreements and under various insurance programs. The majority of these letters of credit and surety bonds are in support of our land development and construction obligations to various municipalities, other government agencies, and utility companies related to the construction of roads, sewers, and other infrastructure. At December 31, 2012, we had outstanding letters of credit and surety bonds totaling $179.2 million and $1.0 billion, respectively. Of these amounts outstanding, $54.5 million of the letters of credit were subject to cash-collateralized agreements while the remaining letters of credit and surety bonds were unsecured. If we are unable to obtain letters of credit or surety bonds when required, or the conditions imposed by issuers increase significantly, our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.
11

Competition for homebuyers could reduce our deliveries or decrease our profitability.
The housing industry in the United States is highly competitive. We compete primarily on the basis of location, price, quality, reputation, design, community amenities, and our customers' overall sales and homeownership experiences. We compete in each of our markets with numerous national, regional, and local homebuilders. This competition with other homebuilders could reduce the number of homes we deliver or cause us to accept reduced margins in order to maintain sales volume.
We also compete with resales of existing or foreclosed homes, housing speculators, and available rental housing. Increased competitive conditions in the residential resale or rental market in the regions where we operate could decrease demand for new homes or unfavorably impact pricing for new homes.
Supply shortages and other risks related to the demand for skilled labor and building materials could increase costs and delay deliveries.
The homebuilding industry is highly competitive for skilled labor and materials. Additionally, the cost of certain building materials, especially lumber, steel, concrete, copper, and petroleum-based materials, is influenced by changes in global commodity prices. Increased costs or shortages of skilled labor and/or materials could cause increases in construction costs and construction delays. We may not be able to pass on increases in construction costs to customers and generally are unable to pass on any such increases to customers who have already entered into sales contracts as those sales contracts generally fix the price of the home at the time the contract is signed, which may be well in advance of the construction of the home. Sustained increases in construction costs may, over time, erode our margins, and pricing competition for materials and labor may restrict our ability to pass on any such additional costs, thereby decreasing our margins.
Our income tax provision and tax reserves may be insufficient if a taxing authority is successful in asserting positions that are contrary to our interpretations and related reserves, if any.
Significant judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes and our reserves for federal, state, and local taxes. In the ordinary course of business, there may be matters for which the ultimate outcome is uncertain. Our evaluation of our tax matters is based on a number of factors, including changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, correspondence with tax authorities during the course of audits, and effective settlement of audit issues. Although we believe our approach to determining the tax treatment for such items is appropriate, no assurance can be given that the final tax authority review will not be materially different than that which is reflected in our income tax provision and related tax reserves. Such differences could have a material adverse effect on our income tax provision in the period in which such determination is made and, consequently, on our financial position or net income for such period.
We are periodically audited by various federal, state, and local authorities regarding tax matters. Our current audits are in various stages of completion; however, no outcome for a particular audit can be determined with certainty prior to the conclusion of the audit, appeal and, in some cases, litigation process. As each audit is concluded, adjustments, if any, are recorded in our financial statements in the period determined. To provide for potential tax exposures, we maintain tax reserves based on reasonable estimates of potential audit results. If these reserves are insufficient upon completion of an audit, there could be an adverse impact on our financial position and results of operations.
We may not realize our deferred income tax assets.
The ultimate realization of our deferred income tax assets is dependent upon generating future taxable income and executing tax planning strategies. We have recorded valuation allowances against our deferred income tax assets. The valuation allowance will fluctuate as conditions change.
Our ability to utilize net operating losses (“NOLs”), built-in losses (“BILs”), and tax credit carryforwards to offset our future taxable income would be limited if we were to undergo an “ownership change” within the meaning of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code (the “IRC”). In general, an “ownership change” occurs whenever the percentage of the stock of a corporation owned by “5-percent shareholders” (within the meaning of Section 382 of the IRC) increases by more than 50 percentage points over the lowest percentage of the stock of such corporation owned by such “5-percent shareholders” at any time over the testing period.
12

An ownership change under Section 382 of the IRC would establish an annual limitation to the amount of NOLs, BILs, and tax credit carryforwards we could utilize to offset our taxable income in any single year. The application of these limitations might prevent full utilization of the deferred tax assets attributable to our NOLs, BILs, and tax credit carryforwards. We have not experienced an ownership change as defined by Section 382. To preserve our ability to utilize NOLs, BILs, and other tax benefits in the future without a Section 382 limitation, we adopted a shareholder rights plan, which is triggered upon certain transfers of our securities, and amended our by-laws to prohibit certain transfers of our securities. Notwithstanding the foregoing measures, there can be no assurance that we will not undergo an ownership change within the meaning of Section 382.
As a result of the merger with Centex in August 2009, our ability to use certain of Centex’s pre-ownership change NOLs, BILs, and deductions is limited under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code. The applicable Section 382 limitation is approximately $67.4 million per year for NOLs, losses realized on built-in loss assets that are sold within 60 months of the ownership change (i.e. before August 2014), and certain deductions. We do not believe that the Section 382 limitation will prevent the Company from using Centex's pre-ownership change NOL carryforwards and built-in losses or deductions.
The value of our deferred tax assets is also dependent upon the tax rates expected to be in effect at the time taxable income is expected to be generated. A decrease in enacted corporate tax rates in our major jurisdictions, especially the U.S. federal corporate tax rate, would decrease the value of our deferred tax assets, which could be material.
We have significant intangible assets. If these assets become impaired, then our profits and shareholders’ equity may be reduced.
We have significant intangible assets related to prior business combinations. We evaluate the recoverability of intangible assets whenever facts and circumstances indicate the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If the carrying value of intangible assets is deemed impaired, the carrying value is written down to fair value. This would result in a charge to our operating earnings. If management’s expectations of future results and cash flows decrease significantly, impairments of the remaining intangible assets may occur.
Government regulations could increase the cost and limit the availability of our development and homebuilding projects or affect our related financial services operations and adversely affect our business or financial results.
Our operations are subject to building, environmental, and other regulations imposed and enforced by various federal, state, and local governing authorities. New housing developments may also be subject to various assessments for schools, parks, streets, and other public improvements. These can cause an increase in the effective cost of our homes.
We also are subject to a variety of local, state, and federal laws and regulations concerning protection of health, safety, and the environment. The impact of environmental laws varies depending upon the prior uses of the building site or adjoining properties and may be greater in areas with less supply where undeveloped land or desirable alternatives are less available. These matters may result in delays, may cause us to incur substantial compliance, remediation and other costs, and can prohibit or severely restrict development and homebuilding activity in environmentally sensitive regions or areas. More stringent requirements could be imposed in the future on homebuilders and developers, thereby increasing the cost of compliance.
Our financial services operations are also subject to numerous federal, state, and local laws and regulations. These include eligibility requirements for participation in federal loan programs and compliance with consumer lending and similar requirements such as disclosure requirements, prohibitions against discrimination, and real estate settlement procedures. They also subject our operations to examination by applicable agencies, pursuant to which those agencies may limit our ability to provide mortgage financing or title services to potential purchasers of our homes. For our homes to qualify for FHA or VA mortgages, we must satisfy valuation standards and site, material, and construction requirements of those agencies.
On January 10, 2013, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau adopted new rules regarding the origination of mortgages, including the criteria for “qualified mortgages”. The new rules are scheduled to go into effect in January 2014. We are in the process of analyzing the new rules and the impact such rules will have on our business. Additionally, many other rules required by the Dodd-Frank Act of 2010 have not yet been completed or implemented, which has created uncertainty in the overall U.S. financial services and mortgage industries as to their long-term impact.
13

Homebuilding is subject to warranty and other claims in the ordinary course of business that can be significant.
As a homebuilder, we are subject to home warranty, construction defect, and other claims arising in the ordinary course of business. We record warranty and other reserves for the homes we sell based on historical experience in our markets and our judgment of the qualitative risks associated with the types of homes built. We have, and require our subcontractors to have, general liability, property, errors and omissions, workers compensation, and other business insurance. These insurance policies protect us against a portion of our risk of loss from claims, subject to certain self-insured per occurrence and aggregate retentions, deductibles, and available policy limits. We reserve for costs to cover our self-insured and deductible amounts under these policies and for any costs of claims and lawsuits based on an analysis of our historical claims, which includes an estimate of claims incurred but not yet reported. Because of the uncertainties inherent in these matters, we cannot provide assurance that our insurance coverage, our subcontractor arrangements, and our reserves will be adequate to address all our warranty and construction defect claims in the future. Contractual indemnities can be difficult to enforce, we may be responsible for applicable self-insured retentions, and some types of claims may not be covered by insurance or may exceed applicable coverage limits. Additionally, the coverage offered by and the availability of general liability insurance for construction defects are currently costly and limited. We have responded to the recent increases in insurance costs and coverage limitations by increasing our self-insured retentions and claim reserves. There can be no assurance that coverage will not be further restricted and become more costly. Additionally, we are exposed to counterparty default risk related to our and our subcontractors’ insurance carriers.
Natural disasters and severe weather conditions could delay deliveries, increase costs, and decrease demand for new homes in affected areas.
Our homebuilding operations are located in many areas that are subject to natural disasters and severe weather. The occurrence of natural disasters or severe weather conditions can delay new home deliveries, increase costs by damaging inventories, reduce the availability of materials, and negatively impact the demand for new homes in affected areas. Furthermore, if our insurance does not fully cover business interruptions or losses resulting from these events, our earnings, liquidity, or capital resources could be adversely affected.
Inflation may result in increased costs that we may not be able to recoup.
Inflation can have a long-term impact on us because increasing costs of land, materials, and labor may require us to increase the sales prices of homes in order to maintain satisfactory margins. However, we may not be able to raise home prices sufficiently to keep up with the rate of inflation and our margins could decrease. In addition, inflation is often accompanied by higher interest rates, which could have a negative impact on housing demand.
Information technology failures or data security breaches could harm our business.
We use information technology and other computer resources to carry out important operational activities and to maintain our business records. Our computer systems, including our back-up systems, are subject to damage or interruption from power outages, computer and telecommunications failures, computer viruses, security breaches (through cyber-attacks from computer hackers and sophisticated organizations), catastrophic events such as fires, tornadoes and hurricanes, and usage errors by our associates. If our computer systems and our back-up systems are damaged, breached, or cease to function properly, we could suffer interruptions in our operations or unintentionally allow misappropriation of proprietary or confidential information (including information about our homebuyers and business partners), which could require us to incur significant costs to remediate or otherwise resolve these issues.
Future terrorist attacks against the United States or increased domestic and international instability could have an adverse effect on our operations.
A future terrorist attack against the U.S. could cause a sharp decrease in the number of new contracts signed for homes and an increase in the cancellation of existing contracts. Accordingly, adverse developments in the war on terrorism, future terrorist attacks against the U.S., or increased domestic and international instability could adversely affect our business.
14

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our homebuilding and corporate headquarters are located in leased office facilities at 100 Bloomfield Hills Parkway, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan 48304. Pulte Mortgage leases its primary office facilities in Englewood, Colorado, and we also maintain various support functions in leased facilities near Phoenix, Arizona. Our homebuilding divisions and financial services branches lease office space in the geographic locations in which they conduct their day-to-day operations.
Because of the nature of our homebuilding operations, significant amounts of property are held as inventory in the ordinary course. Such properties are not included in response to this Item.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are involved in various legal and governmental proceedings incidental to our continuing business operations, many involving claims related to certain construction defects. The consequences of these matters are not presently determinable but, in our opinion, after consulting with legal counsel and taking into account insurance and reserves, the ultimate liability is not expected to have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. However, to the extent the liability arising from the ultimate resolution of any matter exceeds our estimates reflected in the recorded reserves relating to such matter, we could incur additional charges that could be significant.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
This Item is not applicable.
15

ITEM 4A. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Set forth below is certain information with respect to our executive officers.

Name |  | Age |  | Position |  | Year Became An Executive Officer
Richard J. Dugas, Jr. |  | 47 |  | Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer |  | 2002
Robert T. O'Shaughnessy |  | 47 |  | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |  | 2011
Harmon D. Smith |  | 49 |  | Executive Vice President - Homebuilding Operations and Area President, Texas |  | 2011
James R. Ellinghausen |  | 54 |  | Executive Vice President, Human Resources |  | 2005
Deborah W. Meyer |  | 50 |  | Senior Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer |  | 2009
Steven M. Cook |  | 54 |  | Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary |  | 2006
Stephen P. Schlageter |  | 42 |  | Area President, Northeast |  | 2012
Ryan R. Marshall |  | 38 |  | Area President, Southeast |  | 2012
Patrick J. Beirne |  | 49 |  | Area President, Central |  | 2011
John J. Chadwick |  | 51 |  | Area President, Southwest |  | 2012
Michael J. Schweninger |  | 44 |  | Vice President and Controller |  | 2009

The following is a brief account of the business experience of each officer during the past five years:
Mr. Dugas was appointed Chairman in August 2009 and President and Chief Executive Officer in July 2003. Previously, he was appointed Chief Operating Officer in May 2002 and Executive Vice President in December 2002. Since joining our company in 1994, he has served in a variety of management positions.
Mr. O'Shaughnessy was appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in May 2011. Prior to joining our company, he held a number of financial roles at Penske Automotive Group from 1997 to 2011, most recently as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer.
Mr. Smith was appointed Executive Vice President - Homebuilding Operations and Area President, Texas, in May 2012, and previously held the position of Area President, Gulf Coast since 2008. He has served as an Area President over various geographical markets since 2006.
Mr. Ellinghausen was appointed Executive Vice President, Human Resources in December 2006.
Ms. Meyer was appointed Senior Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer in September 2009. Prior to joining our company, Ms. Meyer held various senior marketing positions, most recently serving as Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer for Chrysler, LLC from August 2007 to December 2008.
Mr. Cook was appointed Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary in December 2008 and previously held the position of Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since February 2006.
Mr. Schlageter was appointed Area President, Northeast in November 2012 and previously held the positions of Vice President - Strategic Planning since October 2010 and Division President - Raleigh since November 2003.
Mr. Marshall was appointed Area President, Southeast in November 2012 and previously held the positions of Area President, Florida since May 2012 and Division President - South Florida since 2006.
Mr. Beirne was appointed Area President, Central in 2012 and has served as an Area President over various geographical markets since 2006.
Mr. Chadwick was appointed Area President, Southwest in 2012 and previously served as Division President - Arizona. Since 2006, Mr. Chadwick has held the position of Area President or Division President over various geographical markets.
Mr. Schweninger was appointed Vice President and Controller effective March 2009. Since joining our company in 2005, he also has held the positions of Director – Finance & Accounting Process Improvement and Director of Corporate Audit.
There is no family relationship between any of the officers. Each officer serves at the pleasure of the Board of Directors.
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PART II

ITEM 5. | MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Our common shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (Symbol: PHM).
Related Stockholder Matters
The table below sets forth, for the quarterly periods indicated, the range of high and low closing prices for our common shares.

| December 31, 2012 | December 31, 2011
| High |  | Low |  | High |  | Low
1st Quarter | $ | 9.61 |  |  | $ | 6.52 |  |  | $ | 8.69 |  |  | $ | 6.54 |
2nd Quarter | 10.70 |  |  | 7.69 |  |  | 8.44 |  |  | 6.93 |
3rd Quarter | 16.98 |  |  | 10.02 |  |  | 7.84 |  |  | 3.61 |
4th Quarter | 18.61 |  |  | 15.24 |  |  | 6.48 |  |  | 3.54 |

At February 1, 2013, there w ere 2,983 share holders of record. No dividends were declared during 2012 or 2011.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities (1)

| (a) Total number of shares purchased |  | (b) Average price paid per share |  | (c) Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs |  | (d) Approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs ($000’s omitted)
October 1, 2012 to October 31, 2012 | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 102,342(1)
November 1, 2012 to November 30, 2012 | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 102,342(1)
December 1, 2012 to December 31, 2012 | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | 102,342(1)
Total | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  |

(1) | Pursuant to $100 million stock repurchase programs authorized and announced by our Board of Directors in October 2002 and October 2005 and a $200 million stock repurchase authorized and announced in February 2006 (for a total stock repurchase authorization of $400 million), the Company has repurchased a total of 9,688,900 shares for a total of $297.7 million. There are no expiration dates for the programs.

The information required by this item with respect to equity compensation plans is set forth under Item 12 of this annual report on Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference.
17

Performance Graph
The following line graph compares for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012 (a) the yearly cumulative total shareholder return (i.e., the change in share price plus the cumulative amount of dividends, assuming dividend reinvestment, divided by the initial share price, expressed as a percentage) on PulteGroup’s common shares, with (b) the cumulative total return of the Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index, and with (c) the Dow Jones U.S. Select Home Construction Index. The Dow Jones U.S. Select Home Construction Index is a widely-recognized index comprised primarily of large national homebuilders. We believe comparison of our shareholder return to this index represents a meaningful analysis for investors.
COMPARISON OF FIVE YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN*
AMONG PULTEGROUP, INC., S&P 500 INDEX, AND PEER INDEX
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2012

|  | 2007 |  | 2008 |  | 2009 |  | 2010 |  | 2011 |  | 2012
PULTEGROUP, INC. |  | 100.00 |  |  | 105.06 |  |  | 96.12 |  |  | 72.28 |  |  | 60.65 |  |  | 174.56 |
S&P 500 Index - Total Return |  | 100.00 |  |  | 63.00 |  |  | 79.68 |  |  | 91.68 |  |  | 93.61 |  |  | 108.60 |
Dow Jones U.S. Select Home Construction Index |  | 100.00 |  |  | 59.79 |  |  | 61.67 |  |  | 68.55 |  |  | 62.72 |  |  | 112.70 |

* Assumes $100 invested on December 31, 2007, and the reinvestment of dividends.
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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Set forth below is selected consolidated financial data for each of the past five fiscal years. The selected financial data should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and our Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included elsewhere in this report.

| Years Ended December 31, (000’s omitted, except per share data)
| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010 |  | 2009 (a) |  | 2008
OPERATING DATA: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Homebuilding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues | $ | 4,659,110 |  |  | $ | 4,033,596 |  |  | $ | 4,447,627 |  |  | $ | 3,966,589 |  |  | $ | 6,112,038 |
Income (loss) before income taxes | $ | 157,991 |  |  | $ | (275,830 | ) |  | $ | (1,240,155 | ) |  | $ | (1,920,081 | ) |  | $ | (1,710,644 | )
Financial Services: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues | $ | 160,888 |  |  | $ | 103,094 |  |  | $ | 121,663 |  |  | $ | 117,800 |  |  | $ | 151,016 |
Income (loss) before income taxes | $ | 25,563 |  |  | $ | (34,470 | ) |  | $ | 5,609 |  |  | $ | (55,038 | ) |  | $ | 28,045 |
Consolidated results: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues | $ | 4,819,998 |  |  | $ | 4,136,690 |  |  | $ | 4,569,290 |  |  | $ | 4,084,389 |  |  | $ | 6,263,054 |
Income (loss) before income taxes | $ | 183,554 |  |  | $ | (310,300 | ) |  | $ | (1,234,546 | ) |  | $ | (1,975,119 | ) |  | $ | (1,682,599 | )
Income tax expense (benefit) | (22,591 | ) |  | (99,912 | ) |  | (137,817 | ) |  | (792,552 | ) |  | (209,486 | )
Net income (loss) | $ | 206,145 |  |  | $ | (210,388 | ) |  | $ | (1,096,729 | ) |  | $ | (1,182,567 | ) |  | $ | (1,473,113 | )
PER SHARE DATA: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 0.54 |  |  | $ | (0.55 | ) |  | $ | (2.90 | ) |  | $ | (3.94 | ) |  | $ | (5.81 | )
Diluted | $ | 0.54 |  |  | $ | (0.55 | ) |  | $ | (2.90 | ) |  | $ | (3.94 | ) |  | $ | (5.81 | )
Number of shares used in calculation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 381,562 |  |  | 379,877 |  |  | 378,585 |  |  | 300,179 |  |  | 253,512 |
Effect of dilutive securities | 3,002 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Diluted | 384,564 |  |  | 379,877 |  |  | 378,585 |  |  | 300,179 |  |  | 253,512 |
Shareholders’ equity | $ | 5.66 |  |  | $ | 5.07 |  |  | $ | 5.59 |  |  | $ | 8.39 |  |  | $ | 10.98 |
Cash dividends declared | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.16 |

(a) | Includes operations of Centex Corporation since August 18, 2009.

19

| December 31, ($000’s omitted)
| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010 |  | 2009 (a) |  | 2008
BALANCE SHEET DATA: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
House and land inventory | $ | 4,214,046 |  |  | $ | 4,636,468 |  |  | $ | 4,781,813 |  |  | $ | 4,940,358 |  |  | $ | 4,201,289 |
Total assets | 6,734,409 |  |  | 6,885,620 |  |  | 7,699,376 |  |  | 10,051,222 |  |  | 7,708,458 |
Senior notes | 2,509,613 |  |  | 3,088,344 |  |  | 3,391,668 |  |  | 4,281,532 |  |  | 3,166,305 |
Shareholders’ equity | 2,189,616 |  |  | 1,938,615 |  |  | 2,135,167 |  |  | 3,194,440 |  |  | 2,835,698 |
| Years Ended December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010 |  | 2009 (a) |  | 2008
OTHER DATA: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Markets, at year-end | 58 |  |  | 61 |  |  | 67 |  |  | 69 |  |  | 49 |
Active communities, at year-end | 670 |  |  | 700 |  |  | 786 |  |  | 882 |  |  | 572 |
Closings (units) | 16,505 |  |  | 15,275 |  |  | 17,095 |  |  | 15,013 |  |  | 21,022 |
Net new orders (units) | 19,039 |  |  | 15,215 |  |  | 15,148 |  |  | 14,185 |  |  | 15,306 |
Backlog (units), at year-end | 6,458 |  |  | 3,924 |  |  | 3,984 |  |  | 5,931 |  |  | 2,174 |
Average selling price (per unit) | $ | 276,000 |  |  | $ | 259,000 |  |  | $ | 259,000 |  |  | $ | 258,000 |  |  | $ | 284,000 |
Gross margin from home sales (b) | 15.8 | % |  | 12.8 | % |  | 9.4 | % |  | (10.5 | )% |  | (10.1 | )%

(a) | Includes operations of Centex Corporation since August 18, 2009.

(b) | Homebuilding interest expense, which represents the amortization of capitalized interest, and land and community valuation adjustments are included in home sale cost of revenues.

20

ITEM 7. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Overview
In 2012, new home sales in the U.S. increased for the first time since 2005. Although this volume remains very low compared to historical levels, the improved environment and our restructuring actions contributed to our return to profitability in 2012 as net new orders, closings, revenues, gross margin, and overhead leverage all improved compared with 2011. During the year, our net new orders increased 25% over 2011 from 4% fewer active communities. We also generated significant positive operating cash flow, highlighting some of the benefits of our efforts to improve our capital efficiency. By using our existing land assets more efficiently, allocating capital more effectively, and controlling unsold ("spec") inventory, we continued to enhance our balance sheet and position the Company to deliver higher long-term returns.
While the timing of a broad, sustainable recovery in the homebuilding industry remains uncertain, we believe that new home demand is moving along a path toward recovery. The value in new housing resulting from affordable prices, low mortgage rates, escalating rents, and more energy-efficient homes is providing consumers with a compelling reason to buy a new home, especially relative to the ever more expensive rental market and the tightened supply of available existing homes. In the short term, we believe that 2013 will be a better year for U.S. housing than 2012 in spite of continued high levels of unemployment and related low levels of consumer confidence, a challenging U.S. macroeconomic environment, and potential regulatory reforms that may impact the housing and mortgage industries. In the long term, we continue to believe that the national publicly-traded builders will have a competitive advantage over local builders through their ability to leverage economies of scale at a local level, access to more reliable and lower cost financing through the capital markets, ability to control and entitle large land positions, and greater geographic and product diversification. Among the national publicly-traded peer group, we believe that builders with more significant land positions, broad geographic and product diversity, and sustainable capital positions will benefit as market conditions recover. We continue to focus on our primary operational objectives:

• | Improving our inventory turns;

• | More effectively allocating the capital invested in our business using a risk-based portfolio approach;

• | Enhancing revenues through more strategic pricing, including establishing clear business models for each of our brands based on systematic, consumer-driven input, optimizing our pricing through the expanded use of options and lot premiums, and lessening our reliance on spec home sales;

• | Reducing our house costs through common house plan management, value-engineering our house plans, and working with suppliers to reduce costs; and

• | Maintaining an efficient overhead structure.

Continued focus on these operational objectives, combined with improvements in industry conditions, have resulted in a return to profitability in our homebuilding operations and an increase in profits in our financial services businesses.
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The following is a summary of our operating results by line of business ($000's omitted, except per share data):

| Years Ended December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Income (loss) before income taxes: |  |  |  |  |
Homebuilding | $ | 157,991 |  |  | $ | (275,830 | ) |  | $ | (1,240,155 | )
Financial Services | 25,563 |  |  | (34,470 | ) |  | 5,609 |
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes | 183,554 |  |  | (310,300 | ) |  | (1,234,546 | )
Income tax expense (benefit) | (22,591 | ) |  | (99,912 | ) |  | (137,817 | )
Net income (loss) | $ | 206,145 |  |  | $ | (210,388 | ) |  | $ | (1,096,729 | )
Per share data - assuming dilution: |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | 0.54 |  |  | $ | (0.55 | ) |  | $ | (2.90 | )

• | The Homebuilding income (loss) before income taxes included charges related to the following items ($000's omitted):

| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Land-related charges (see Note 5) | $ | 17,195 |  |  | $ | 35,786 |  |  | $ | 216,352 |
Loss on debt retirements (see Note 7) | 32,071 |  |  | 5,638 |  |  | 38,920 |
Restructuring costs (see Note 3) | 11,787 |  |  | 19,696 |  |  | 50,718 |
Goodwill impairments (see Note 2) | — |  |  | 240,541 |  |  | 656,298 |
Insurance-related adjustments (see Note 13) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 280,390 |
| $ | 61,053 |  |  | $ | 301,661 |  |  | $ | 1,242,678 |

For additional information on each of the above, see the applicable Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Our Homebuilding operating results improved significantly from the losses experienced in 2011 and 2010 as the result of the lower charges listed in the above table, as well as higher revenues, increased gross margins, and improved overhead leverage.

• | The Financial Services income in 2012 compared to the loss in 2011 was due to higher origination volumes, improved loan pricing, and lower loss reserves related to loans originated in previous years. Such loss reserves totaled $49.0 million in 2012, compared with $59.3 million in 2011 (see Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). The Financial Services loss in 2011 compared to the income in 2010 was primarily due to increased loan loss reserves in 2011 as such reserves totaled $16.9 million in 2010.

• | The income tax benefits in 2012, 2011, and 2010 were attributable primarily to the favorable resolution of certain federal and state income tax matters.

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Homebuilding Operations
The following is a summary of income (loss) before income taxes for our Homebuilding operations ($000’s omitted):

| Years Ended December 31,
| 2012 |  | FY 2012 vs. FY 2011 |  | 2011 |  | FY 2011 vs. FY 2010 |  | 2010
Home sale revenues | $ | 4,552,412 |  |  | 15 | % |  | $ | 3,950,743 |  |  | (11 | )% |  | $ | 4,419,812 |
Land sale revenues | 106,698 |  |  | 29 | % |  | 82,853 |  |  | 198 | % |  | 27,815 |
Total Homebuilding revenues | 4,659,110 |  |  | 16 | % |  | 4,033,596 |  |  | (9 | )% |  | 4,447,627 |
Home sale cost of revenues (a) | 3,833,451 |  |  | 11 | % |  | 3,444,398 |  |  | (14 | )% |  | 4,006,385 |
Land sale cost of revenues (b) | 94,880 |  |  | 60 | % |  | 59,279 |  |  | 11 | % |  | 53,555 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A") (c) | 514,457 |  |  | (1 | )% |  | 519,583 |  |  | (42 | )% |  | 895,102 |
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities (d) | (3,873 | ) |  | 21 | % |  | (3,194 | ) |  | 12 | % |  | (2,843 | )
Other expense (income), net (e) | 66,298 |  |  | (77 | )% |  | 293,102 |  |  | (61 | )% |  | 742,385 |
Interest income, net | (4,094 | ) |  | 9 | % |  | (3,742 | ) |  | (45 | )% |  | (6,802 | )
Income (loss) before income taxes | $ | 157,991 |  |  | 157 | % |  | $ | (275,830 | ) |  | 78 | % |  | $ | (1,240,155 | )
Supplemental data: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross margin from home sales | 15.8 | % |  | 300 bps |  |  | 12.8 | % |  | 340 bps |  |  | 9.4 | %
SG&A as a percentage of home sale revenues | 11.3 | % |  | (190) bps |  |  | 13.2 | % |  | (710) bps |  |  | 20.3 | %
Closings (units) | 16,505 |  |  | 8 | % |  | 15,275 |  |  | (11 | )% |  | 17,095 |
Average selling price | $ | 276 |  |  | 7 | % |  | $ | 259 |  |  | 0 | % |  | $ | 259 |
Net new orders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Units | 19,039 |  |  | 25 | % |  | 15,215 |  |  | 0 | % |  | 15,148 |
Dollars (f) | $ | 5,424,300 |  |  | 37 | % |  | $ | 3,953,829 |  |  | 1 | % |  | $ | 3,898,950 |
Cancellation rate | 15 | % |  |  |  | 19 | % |  |  |  | 19 | %
Active communities at December 31 | 670 |  |  | (4 | )% |  | 700 |  |  | (11 | )% |  | 786 |
Backlog at December 31: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Units | 6,458 |  |  | 65 | % |  | 3,924 |  |  | (2 | )% |  | 3,984 |
Dollars | $ | 1,931,538 |  |  | 82 | % |  | $ | 1,059,649 |  |  | 0 | % |  | $ | 1,056,563 |

(a) | Includes the amortization of capitalized interest. Home sale cost of revenues also includes land and community valuation adjustments of $13.4 million, $15.9 million, and $169.7 million for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.

(b) | Includes net realizable value adjustments for land held for sale of $1.5 million, $9.8 million, and $39.1 million for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.

(c) | SG&A for 2010 includes the adverse impact of insurance reserve adjustments totaling $280.4 million.

(d) | Includes impairments of our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures, which totaled $1.9 million in 2010.

(e) | Includes goodwill impairment charges of $240.5 million and $656.3 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively. Also includes the write-off of deposits and pre-acquisition costs for land option contracts we elected not to pursue of $2.3 million, $10.0 million, and $5.6 million in 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, and net losses related to the redemption of debt totaling $32.1 million, $5.6 million, and $38.9 million in 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.

(f) | Net new order dollars represent a composite of new order dollars combined with other movements of the dollars in backlog related to cancellations and change orders.

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Home sale revenues
Home sale revenues for 2012 were higher than 2011 by $601.7 million, or 15%. The increase was attributable to a 7% increase in the average selling price combined with an 8% increase in closings. The increase in average selling price reflects an ongoing shift in our revenue mix toward move-up buyers and improved market conditions. The increase in closings was realized from 4% fewer active communities and was concentrated primarily in our North and Southwest segments.
Home sale revenues for 2011 were lower than 2010 by $469.1 million, or 11%. The decrease was attributable to an 11% decrease in closings as average selling prices remained stable from 2010 to 2011. The decline in closings for 2011 compared with 2010 occurred in each of our Homebuilding segments, except for Florida, and resulted primarily from lower industry volumes, in part due to the expiration of the federal homebuyer tax credit that existed during 2010. This tax credit favorably impacted new orders and closings during the first half of 2010, in part we believe by pulling forward customer demand. The 11% decrease in our active communities also contributed to the lower closings.
Home sale gross margins
Home sale gross margins were 15.8% in 2012, compared with 12.8% in 2011 and 9.4% in 2010. Gross margins during 2012 and 2011 benefited from lower land and community valuation adjustments of $13.4 million and $15.9 million, respectively, compared to $169.7 million in 2010. The increase in gross margins was despite increased capitalized interest amortization, which reduced gross margins by 10 basis points and 70 basis points in 2012 and 2011, respectively, as compared with the comparable prior year periods. The higher capitalized interest amortization was attributable primarily to debt assumed with our 2009 merger with Centex.
Excluding the impact of land and community valuation adjustments and capitalized interest amortization, adjusted home sale gross margins improved to 20.9% in 2012 from 17.9% in 2011 and 16.7% in 2010 (see the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section for a reconciliation of adjusted home sale gross margins). These improved gross margins reflect a combination of factors, including shifts in the product mix of homes closed toward move-up buyers, better alignment of our product offering with current market conditions, contributions from our strategic pricing and house cost reduction objectives, and, in 2012, an improved demand and pricing environment.
Land sales
We periodically elect to sell parcels of land to third parties in the event such assets no longer fit into our strategic operating plans or are zoned for commercial or other development. Land sale revenues and their related gains or losses vary between periods, depending on the timing of land sales and our strategic operating decisions. Land sales had margin contributions of $11.8 million, $23.6 million, and $(25.7) million in 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. These margin contributions included net realizable value adjustments related to land held for sale totaling $1.5 million, $9.8 million, and $39.1 million in 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.
SG&A
In order to reduce overhead costs, we have reconfigured our organization in recent years to better align our overhead structure with expected volumes. These actions have included consolidating many local divisions along with reducing corporate and support staffing across a number of functions. As a result, SG&A as a percentage of home sale revenues dropped from 13.2% in 2011 to 11.3% in 2012. The gross dollar amount of our SG&A decreased $5.1 million, or 1%, in 2012 compared to 2011 due to this improved overhead leverage, partially offset primarily by higher incentive compensation resulting from our improved operating results.
The gross dollar amount of our SG&A decreased $375.5 million, or 42%, in 2011 compared to 2010 while SG&A as a percentage of home sale revenues dropped to 13.2% in 2011 from 20.3% in 2010. SG&A in 2010 included $280.4 million in insurance reserve adjustments, substantially all of which related to general liability construction defect claims (see Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion of insurance reserve adjustments). Excluding these insurance reserve adjustments, SG&A as a percentage of home sale revenues was 13.2% and 13.9% in 2011 and 2010, respectively. (See the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section for a reconciliation of SG&A as a percentage of home sale revenue, excluding insurance reserve adjustments). This improved overhead leverage resulted from a combination of better matching our overall cost structure with the current business environment and lower severance and equity compensation expense in 2011 compared to 2010.
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Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities was $(3.9) million, $(3.2) million, and $(2.8) million for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. The majority of our unconsolidated entities represent land development joint ventures. As a result, the timing of income and losses varies between periods depending on the timing of transactions and circumstances specific to each entity.
Other expense (income), net
Other expense (income), net includes the following ($000’s omitted):

| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs (Note 4) | $ | 2,278 |  |  | $ | 10,002 |  |  | $ | 5,594 |
Loss on debt retirements (Note 7) | 32,071 |  |  | 5,638 |  |  | 38,920 |
Lease exit and related costs (Note 3) | 7,306 |  |  | 9,900 |  |  | 28,378 |
Amortization of intangible assets (Note 1) | 13,100 |  |  | 13,100 |  |  | 13,100 |
Goodwill impairments (Note 2) | — |  |  | 240,541 |  |  | 656,298 |
Miscellaneous expense (income), net | 11,543 |  |  | 13,921 |  |  | 95 |
| $ | 66,298 |  |  | $ | 293,102 |  |  | $ | 742,385 |

For additional information on each of the above, see the applicable Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Miscellaneous expense (income), net includes $5.1 million in 2012 and $17.1 million in 2011 related to the write-down of notes receivable.
Interest income, net
The increase in interest income, net for 2012 compared with 2011 resulted primarily from higher invested cash balances. The decrease in interest income, net in 2011 compared with 2010 resulted from lower invested cash balances.
Net new orders
Net new orders increased 25% in 2012 compared with 2011 while selling from 4% fewer active communities in 2012 (670 at December 31, 2012). The increase in net new orders was broad-based as each of our reportable segments experienced increases during 2012, with the largest increases occurring in our North and Southwest segments. The cancellation rate (canceled orders for the period divided by gross new orders for the period) was 15% in 2012 compared to 19% in 2011. Ending backlog units, which represent orders for homes that have not yet closed, increased 65% at December 31, 2012 compared with December 31, 2011, due to the increase in net new orders.
Net new order levels were essentially flat for 2011 compared with 2010. Net new orders reflected the impact of the federal homebuyer tax credit that expired during 2010, which favorably impacted new orders during the first half of 2010, and the reduced number of active communities in 2011. At December 31, 2011, we had 700 active communities, a decrease of 11% from December 31, 2010. The cancellation rate for 2011 was unchanged from 2010 at 19%. Ending backlog was essentially flat at December 31, 2011 compared with December 31, 2010, consistent with the overall new order levels.
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Homes in production
The following is a summary of our homes in production at December 31, 2012 and 2011:

|  | 2012 |  | 2011
Sold |  | 4,162 |  |  | 2,640 |
Unsold |  |  |  |
Under construction |  | 753 |  |  | 1,381 |
Completed |  | 503 |  |  | 1,481 |
|  | 1,256 |  |  | 2,862 |
Models |  | 1,119 |  |  | 1,278 |
Total |  | 6,537 |  |  | 6,780 |

The slight decrease in homes in production at December 31, 2012 compared to December 31, 2011 is the result of a significant reduction in homes unsold to customers ("spec homes"), largely offset by a large increase in the number of sold homes in production. Reducing our reliance on sales of spec homes is a component of our strategic pricing and inventory turns objectives, so we focused in 2012 on lowering the overall level of spec home inventory, especially completed specs ("final specs"). The increase in sold homes in production resulted from the significant increase in net new orders and backlog.
Controlled lots
The following is a summary of our lots under control at December 31, 2012 and 2011:

|  | December 31, 2012 |  | December 31, 2011
|  | Owned |  | Optioned |  | Controlled |  | Owned |  | Optioned |  | Controlled
Northeast |  | 9,211 |  |  | 2,655 |  |  | 11,866 |  |  | 10,540 |  |  | 2,121 |  |  | 12,661 |
Southeast |  | 13,372 |  |  | 2,756 |  |  | 16,128 |  |  | 15,016 |  |  | 3,215 |  |  | 18,231 |
Florida |  | 23,906 |  |  | 3,689 |  |  | 27,595 |  |  | 26,444 |  |  | 2,136 |  |  | 28,580 |
Texas |  | 12,218 |  |  | 3,685 |  |  | 15,903 |  |  | 14,759 |  |  | 4,231 |  |  | 18,990 |
North |  | 12,946 |  |  | 2,603 |  |  | 15,549 |  |  | 15,084 |  |  | 1,676 |  |  | 16,760 |
Southwest |  | 31,407 |  |  | 1,427 |  |  | 32,834 |  |  | 35,090 |  |  | 698 |  |  | 35,788 |
Total |  | 103,060 |  |  | 16,815 |  |  | 119,875 |  |  | 116,933 |  |  | 14,077 |  |  | 131,010 |
Developed (%) |  | 27 | % |  | 34 | % |  | 28 | % |  | 28 | % |  | 38 | % |  | 29 | %

Of our controlled lots, 103,060 and 116,933 were owned and 9,634 and 10,060 were under option agreements approved for purchase at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. In addition, there were 7,181 and 4,017 lots under option agreements pending approval at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. While we continue to purchase land positions where it makes strategic and economic sense to do so, the reduction in lots resulting from closings, land disposition activity, and withdrawals from land option contracts exceeded the number of lots added by new transactions during the year ended December 31, 2012. This trend is consistent with our focus on improving our inventory turns.
The remaining purchase price under our land option agreements totaled $923.4 million at December 31, 2012. These land option agreements, which generally may be canceled at our discretion and in certain cases extend over several years, are secured by deposits and pre-acquisition costs totaling $70.1 million, of which only $2.9 million is refundable.
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Non-GAAP Financial Measures
This report contains information about our home sale gross margins and selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) reflecting certain adjustments. These measures are considered non-GAAP financial measures under the SEC's rules and should be considered in addition to, rather than as a substitute for, the comparable GAAP financial measures as measures of our operating performance. Management and our local divisions use these measures in evaluating the operating performance of each community and in making strategic decisions regarding sales pricing, construction and development pace, product mix, and other daily operating decisions. We believe they are relevant and useful measures to investors for evaluating our performance through (1) gross profit generated on homes delivered during a given period and (2) the efficiency of our overhead cost structure and for comparing our operating performance to other companies in the homebuilding industry. Although other companies in the homebuilding industry report similar information, the methods used may differ. We urge investors to understand the methods used by other companies in the homebuilding industry to calculate gross margins and SG&A and any adjustments thereto before comparing our measures to that of such other companies.
The following tables set forth reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to the GAAP financial measures that management believes to be most directly comparable ($000's omitted):

Home sale gross margin |  |  |  |  |
| Years Ended December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Home sale revenues | $ | 4,552,412 |  |  | $ | 3,950,743 |  |  | $ | 4,419,812 |
Home sale cost of revenues | 3,833,451 |  |  | 3,444,398 |  |  | 4,006,385 |
Home sale gross margin | 718,961 |  |  | 506,345 |  |  | 413,427 |
Add: |  |  |  |  |
Land and community valuation adjustments (a) | $ | 6,969 |  |  | $ | 10,498 |  |  | $ | 141,592 |
Capitalized interest amortization (a) | 224,291 |  |  | 189,382 |  |  | 180,918 |
Adjusted home sale gross margin | $ | 950,221 |  |  | $ | 706,225 |  |  | $ | 735,937 |
Home sale gross margin as a percentage of home sale revenues | 15.8 | % |  | 12.8 | % |  | 9.4 | %
Adjusted home sale gross margin as a percentage of home sale revenues | 20.9 | % |  | 17.9 | % |  | 16.7 | %

(a) | Write-offs of capitalized interest related to land and community valuation adjustments are reflected in capitalized interest amortization.

SG&A |  |  |  |  |
| Years Ended December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Home sale revenues | $ | 4,552,412 |  |  | $ | 3,950,743 |  |  | $ | 4,419,812 |
SG&A | $ | 514,457 |  |  | $ | 519,583 |  |  | $ | 895,102 |
Less: Insurance reserve adjustments (a) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 280,390 |
SG&A excluding insurance reserve adjustments | $ | 514,457 |  |  | $ | 519,583 |  |  | $ | 614,712 |
SG&A as a percentage of home sale revenues | 11.3 | % |  | 13.2 | % |  | 20.3 | %
SG&A excluding insurance reserve adjustments as a percentage of home sale revenues | 11.3 | % |  | 13.2 | % |  | 13.9 | %

(a) | Adjustments to recorded insurance reserves, primarily related to general liability exposures.

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Homebuilding Segment Operations
Our homebuilding operations represent our core business. Homebuilding offers a broad product line to meet the needs of homebuyers in our targeted markets. As of December 31, 2012, we conducted our operations in 58 markets located throughout 28 states. For reporting purposes, our Homebuilding operations are aggregated into six reportable segments:

Northeast: |  | Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia
Southeast: |  | Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee
Florida: |  | Florida
Texas: |  | Texas
North: |  | Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Northern California, Ohio, Oregon, Washington
Southwest: |  | Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Southern California

We also have a reportable segment for our financial services operations, which consist principally of mortgage banking and title operations. The Financial Services segment operates generally in the same markets as the Homebuilding segments.
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The following table presents selected financial information for our reportable Homebuilding segments:

| Operating Data by Segment ($000's omitted)
| Years Ended December 31,
| 2012 |  | FY 2012 vs. FY 2011 |  | 2011 |  | FY 2011 vs. FY 2010 |  | 2010
Home sale revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | 722,691 |  |  | 1 | % |  | $ | 714,609 |  |  | (5 | )% |  | $ | 754,280 |
Southeast | 689,163 |  |  | 2 | % |  | 675,124 |  |  | (10 | )% |  | 752,509 |
Florida | 620,156 |  |  | 11 | % |  | 557,865 |  |  | 3 | % |  | 539,996 |
Texas | 666,759 |  |  | 8 | % |  | 615,319 |  |  | (4 | )% |  | 638,424 |
North | 989,510 |  |  | 36 | % |  | 727,085 |  |  | (16 | )% |  | 861,559 |
Southwest | 864,133 |  |  | 31 | % |  | 660,741 |  |  | (24 | )% |  | 873,044 |
| $ | 4,552,412 |  |  | 15 | % |  | $ | 3,950,743 |  |  | (11 | )% |  | $ | 4,419,812 |
Income (loss) before income taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | 73,345 |  |  | 150 | % |  | $ | 29,320 |  |  | (15 | )% |  | $ | 34,619 |
Southeast | 64,678 |  |  | 44 | % |  | 45,060 |  |  | 92 | % |  | 23,454 |
Florida | 73,472 |  |  | 63 | % |  | 44,946 |  |  | 186 | % |  | (51,995 | )
Texas | 60,979 |  |  | 83 | % |  | 33,329 |  |  | 108 | % |  | 16,026 |
North | 84,597 |  |  | (b) |  |  | (12,376 | ) |  | (b) |  |  | 571 |
Southwest | 79,887 |  |  | 118 | % |  | 36,647 |  |  | 157 | % |  | (64,140 | )
Other homebuilding (a) | (278,967 | ) |  | 38 | % |  | (452,756 | ) |  | 62 | % |  | (1,198,690 | )
| $ | 157,991 |  |  | 157 | % |  | $ | (275,830 | ) |  | 78 | % |  | $ | (1,240,155 | )
Closings (units): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | 1,800 |  |  | (4 | )% |  | 1,880 |  |  | (10 | )% |  | 2,083 |
Southeast | 2,757 |  |  | (1 | )% |  | 2,771 |  |  | (10 | )% |  | 3,095 |
Florida | 2,340 |  |  | 4 | % |  | 2,251 |  |  | 1 | % |  | 2,224 |
Texas | 3,487 |  |  | 5 | % |  | 3,327 |  |  | (7 | )% |  | 3,563 |
North | 3,103 |  |  | 20 | % |  | 2,579 |  |  | (16 | )% |  | 3,055 |
Southwest | 3,018 |  |  | 22 | % |  | 2,467 |  |  | (20 | )% |  | 3,075 |
| 16,505 |  |  | 8 | % |  | $ | 15,275 |  |  | (11 | )% |  | 17,095 |
Average selling price: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | 401 |  |  | 6 | % |  | $ | 380 |  |  | 5 | % |  | $ | 362 |
Southeast | 250 |  |  | 2 | % |  | 244 |  |  | 0 | % |  | 243 |
Florida | 265 |  |  | 7 | % |  | 248 |  |  | 2 | % |  | 243 |
Texas | 191 |  |  | 3 | % |  | 185 |  |  | 3 | % |  | 179 |
North | 319 |  |  | 13 | % |  | 282 |  |  | 0 | % |  | 282 |
Southwest | 286 |  |  | 7 | % |  | 268 |  |  | (6 | )% |  | 284 |
| $ | 276 |  |  | 7 | % |  | $ | 259 |  |  | 0 | % |  | $ | 259 |

(a) | Other homebuilding includes the amortization of intangible assets, goodwill impairment, amortization of capitalized interest, net losses related to the redemption of debt, and other costs not allocated to the operating segments.

(b) | Percentage not meaningful

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The following tables present additional selected financial information for our reportable Homebuilding segments:

|  | Operating Data by Segment ($000's omitted)
|  | Years Ended December 31,
|  | 2012 |  | FY 2012 vs. FY 2011 |  | 2011 |  | FY 2011 vs. FY 2010 |  | 2010
Net new orders - units: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast |  | 1,997 |  |  | 14 | % |  | 1,749 |  |  | 6 | % |  | 1,650 |
Southeast |  | 3,066 |  |  | 16 | % |  | 2,642 |  |  | (4 | )% |  | 2,747 |
Florida |  | 2,747 |  |  | 19 | % |  | 2,314 |  |  | 13 | % |  | 2,046 |
Texas |  | 4,117 |  |  | 26 | % |  | 3,278 |  |  | 5 | % |  | 3,129 |
North |  | 3,661 |  |  | 39 | % |  | 2,635 |  |  | (3 | )% |  | 2,716 |
Southwest |  | 3,451 |  |  | 33 | % |  | 2,597 |  |  | (9 | )% |  | 2,860 |
|  | 19,039 |  |  | 25 | % |  | 15,215 |  |  | 0 | % |  | 15,148 |
Net new orders - dollars: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast |  | $ | 820,609 |  |  | 22 | % |  | $ | 674,134 |  |  | 9 | % |  | $ | 617,899 |
Southeast |  | 787,286 |  |  | 22 | % |  | 645,993 |  |  | (3 | )% |  | 662,650 |
Florida |  | 735,250 |  |  | 26 | % |  | 581,778 |  |  | 18 | % |  | 494,587 |
Texas |  | 807,455 |  |  | 33 | % |  | 606,239 |  |  | 6 | % |  | 570,860 |
North |  | 1,228,743 |  |  | 64 | % |  | 748,089 |  |  | (1 | )% |  | 757,639 |
Southwest |  | 1,044,957 |  |  | 50 | % |  | 697,596 |  |  | (12 | )% |  | 795,315 |
|  | $ | 5,424,300 |  |  | 37 | % |  | $ | 3,953,829 |  |  | 1 | % |  | $ | 3,898,950 |
Cancellation rates: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast |  | 12 | % |  |  |  | 14 | % |  |  |  | 16 | %
Southeast |  | 13 | % |  |  |  | 16 | % |  |  |  | 16 | %
Florida |  | 12 | % |  |  |  | 13 | % |  |  |  | 11 | %
Texas |  | 22 | % |  |  |  | 28 | % |  |  |  | 29 | %
North |  | 13 | % |  |  |  | 17 | % |  |  |  | 17 | %
Southwest |  | 15 | % |  |  |  | 19 | % |  |  |  | 18 | %
|  | 15 | % |  |  |  | 19 | % |  |  |  | 19 | %
Unit backlog: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast |  | 622 |  |  | 46 | % |  | 425 |  |  | (24 | )% |  | 556 |
Southeast |  | 911 |  |  | 51 | % |  | 602 |  |  | (18 | )% |  | 731 |
Florida |  | 1,065 |  |  | 62 | % |  | 658 |  |  | 11 | % |  | 595 |
Texas |  | 1,455 |  |  | 76 | % |  | 825 |  |  | (6 | )% |  | 874 |
North |  | 1,267 |  |  | 79 | % |  | 709 |  |  | 9 | % |  | 653 |
Southwest |  | 1,138 |  |  | 61 | % |  | 705 |  |  | 23 | % |  | 575 |
|  | 6,458 |  |  | 65 | % |  | 3,924 |  |  | (2 | )% |  | 3,984 |
Backlog dollars: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast |  | $ | 276,851 |  |  | 55 | % |  | $ | 178,934 |  |  | (18 | )% |  | $ | 219,409 |
Southeast |  | 252,656 |  |  | 63 | % |  | 154,533 |  |  | (16 | )% |  | 183,664 |
Florida |  | 289,133 |  |  | 66 | % |  | 174,039 |  |  | 16 | % |  | 150,126 |
Texas |  | 294,623 |  |  | 91 | % |  | 153,927 |  |  | (6 | )% |  | 163,007 |
North |  | 446,741 |  |  | 115 | % |  | 207,507 |  |  | 11 | % |  | 186,503 |
Southwest |  | 371,534 |  |  | 95 | % |  | 190,709 |  |  | 24 | % |  | 153,854 |
|  | $ | 1,931,538 |  |  | 82 | % |  | $ | 1,059,649 |  |  | 0 | % |  | $ | 1,056,563 |

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The following table presents additional selected financial information for our reportable Homebuilding segments:

|  | Operating Data by Segment ($000's omitted)
|  | Years Ended December 31,
|  | 2012 |  | FY 2012 vs. FY 2011 |  | 2011 |  | FY 2011 vs. FY 2010 |  | 2010
Land-related charges*: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast |  | $ | 1,794 |  |  | (64 | )% |  | $ | 4,958 |  |  | 17 | % |  | $ | 4,235 |
Southeast |  | 1,363 |  |  | (44 | )% |  | 2,429 |  |  | (83 | )% |  | 14,141 |
Florida |  | 214 |  |  | (95 | )% |  | 3,999 |  |  | (93 | )% |  | 56,833 |
Texas |  | 556 |  |  | (33 | )% |  | 828 |  |  | (88 | )% |  | 6,814 |
North |  | 4,546 |  |  | (69 | )% |  | 14,867 |  |  | (47 | )% |  | 28,076 |
Southwest |  | 2,254 |  |  | (31 | )% |  | 3,263 |  |  | (96 | )% |  | 78,123 |
Other homebuilding |  | 6,468 |  |  | 19 | % |  | 5,442 |  |  | (81 | )% |  | 28,130 |
|  | $ | 17,195 |  |  | (52 | )% |  | $ | 35,786 |  |  | (83 | )% |  | $ | 216,352 |

* | Land-related charges include land and community valuation adjustments, net realizable value adjustments for land held for sale, write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs for land option contracts we elected not to pursue, and impairments of our investments in unconsolidated entities. Other homebuilding consists primarily of write-offs of capitalized interest. See and to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion of these charges.

Northeast:
For 2012, Northeast home sale revenues increased 1% compared with 2011 due to a 6% increase in the average selling price, offset in part by a 4% decrease in closings. The increase in average selling price occurred primarily in the Northeast Corridor and Mid-Atlantic, while the decrease in closings was concentrated in the Northeast Corridor and was due to a significant decrease in active communities. The significant increase in income before income taxes was due to moderately improved gross margins and $21.9 million of expense in 2011 related to the write-down of a note receivable and unfavorable resolution of certain contingencies. Net new orders increased 14%, led by our operations in New England.
For 2011, Northeast home sale revenues decreased 5% compared with 2010 due to a 10% decrease in closings offset in part by a 5% increase in the average selling price. The reduction in closing volumes was primarily due to fewer closings in our Mid-Atlantic division, in part due to a lower active community count. The decreased income before income taxes was primarily due to expense of $21.9 million in 2011 related to the write-down of a note receivable and unfavorable resolution of certain contingencies. Such expense was partially offset by improved gross margin compared to the prior year. Net new orders increased 6% in 2011, led by our operations in the Northeast Corridor and Mid-Atlantic.
Southeast:
For 2012, Southeast home sale revenues increased 2% compared with 2011 due to a 2% increase in the average selling price, partially offset by a 1% decrease in closings. The increase in average selling price was concentrated in Georgia and Tennessee. The decrease in closing volumes was primarily due to a moderate decrease in Raleigh. The increased income before income taxes was due to moderately improved gross margins. Net new orders increased 16% in 2012 and reflected increases across all divisions.
For 2011, Southeast home sale revenues decreased 10% compared with 2010 due to a 10% decrease in closings as there was no change in the average selling price. The reduction in closing volumes was primarily due to fewer closings in our Georgia division as well as a lower active community count across all divisions. Gross margin improved compared with the prior year period. The increased income before income taxes was also due to lower land-related charges. Net new orders decreased 4% compared with 2010, due in part to decreased activity in our Tennessee division.
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Florida:
For 2012, Florida home sale revenues increased 11% compared with 2011 due to a 7% increase in the average selling price and a 4% increase in closings. The increase in income before income taxes for 2012 was attributable to significantly improved gross margins and overhead leverage, as well as lower land-related charges. Net new orders increased by 19% in 2012 evenly across North and South Florida.
For 2011, Florida home sale revenues increased 3% compared with 2010 due to a 1% increase in closings combined with a 2% increase in the average selling price. The majority of this improvement was due to increased closing volumes in North Florida. The income before income taxes in 2011 was attributable to improved gross margins and significantly lower land-related charges than in 2010. Net new order units increased by 13% in 2011, in part due to grand openings or grand re-openings at several large communities.
Texas:
For 2012, Texas home sale revenues increased 8% compared with the prior year period due to a 5% increase in closings combined with a 3% increase in average selling price. The increase in closings was experienced across all markets, but was concentrated in Houston and San Antonio. The increase in average selling price was concentrated in Central Texas and Dallas. The significant increase in income before income taxes for 2012 was attributable to moderately improved gross margins and overhead leverage. Net new orders increased by 26% for 2012 and reflected increases across all divisions.
For 2011, Texas home sale revenues decreased 4% compared with 2010 due to a 7% decrease in closings partially offset by a 3% increase in the average selling price. The reduction in closing volumes was mainly due to Central Texas and San Antonio. The increased income before income taxes in 2011 was attributable to improved gross margins and lower land-related charges than in the prior year period. Net new order units increased by 5% for 2011, in part due to the grand opening of a large community in Houston.
North:
For 2012, North home sale revenues increased 36% compared with the prior year period due to a 20% increase in closings and a 13% increase in average selling price. The increase in closing volumes was broad-based across all divisions, with the largest increases coming from our Michigan and Indianapolis operations. The increase in average selling price was due to increases at all divisions except Michigan, with the most significant increases in Minnesota and the Pacific Northwest. The substantial increase in income before income taxes, as compared to the loss experienced in 2011, was due to the increased revenues, significantly improved gross margins and overhead leverage, a significant reduction in land-related charges, and gains related to land sale transactions. Net new orders increased by 39% in 2012 compared with 2011, and reflected moderate to significant increases across all divisions, with the largest increases in Michigan and Northern California.
For 2011, North home sale revenues decreased 16% compared with 2010 due to a 16% decrease in closings as there was no change in average selling price. The decrease in closing volumes was due to significantly fewer closings in our Minnesota, St. Louis, and Northern California divisions. Gross margin decreased slightly. The loss before income taxes was primarily due to the reduced revenues, offset in part by reduced land-related charges. Net new order units decreased by 3% in 2011 compared with 2010, primarily in our Minnesota, St. Louis, and Northern California divisions. The sales volumes for our Northern California division reflect the impact of the state homebuyer tax credit that existed in California during 2010. The expiration of this tax credit exacerbated the already challenging local market conditions. These declines were partially offset by improvements in our other North divisions.
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Southwest:
For 2012, Southwest home sale revenues increased 31% compared with the prior year period due to a 22% increase in closings and a 7% increase in average selling price. The increase in average selling price occurred across all divisions. The significant increase in income before income taxes was due to the higher revenues, moderately improved gross margins, and better overhead leverage. In 2011, the Southwest also benefited from land sale gains totaling $15.5 million. Net new orders increased by 33% in 2012 compared with 2011 with significant increases across all divisions, except Colorado.
For 2011, Southwest home sale revenues decreased 24% compared with 2010 due to a 20% decrease in closings and a 6% decrease in average selling price. The decreases were due to weakness in each of our divisions combined with the close-out in late 2010 of our luxury condo community in Hawaii that had average selling prices in excess of $1 million. The increase in income before income taxes was primarily due to improved gross margins and the significant decrease in land-related charges. The Southwest also benefited from land sale gains totaling $15.5 million in 2011. Net new order units decreased by 9% in 2011 compared with 2010, due to the close-out of our community in Hawaii as well as reduced activity in our Las Vegas and Southern California markets. Sales volumes for Southern California reflect the impact of the state homebuyer tax credit that existed in California during 2010, the expiration of which exacerbated the already challenging local market conditions.
Financial Services Operations
We conduct our Financial Services operations, which include mortgage and title operations, through Pulte Mortgage and other subsidiaries. In originating mortgage loans, we initially use our own funds, including funds available pursuant to credit agreements with either third parties or with the Company. Substantially all of the loans we originate are sold in the secondary market within a short period of time after origination, generally within 30 days. We sell the servicing rights for the loans we originate through fixed price servicing sales contracts to reduce the risks and costs inherent in servicing loans. This strategy results in owning the servicing rights for only a short period of time. Operating as a captive business model primarily targeted to supporting our Homebuilding operations, the operating results of our Financial Services operations are highly correlated to Homebuilding. Our Homebuilding customers continue to account for substantially all loan production, representing 99% of loan originations for both 2012 and 2011 and 98% for 2010. We believe that our capture rate, which represents loan originations from our Homebuilding operations as a percentage of total loan opportunities from our Homebuilding operations, excluding cash closings, is an important metric in evaluating the effectiveness of our captive mortgage business model.
The following table presents selected financial information for our Financial Services operations ($000’s omitted):

| Years Ended December 31,
| 2012 |  | FY 2011 vs. FY 2010 |  | 2011 |  | FY 2011 vs. FY 2010 |  | 2010
Mortgage operations revenues | $ | 137,443 |  |  | 65 | % |  | $ | 83,260 |  |  | (12 | )% |  | $ | 94,587 |
Title services revenues | 23,445 |  |  | 18 | % |  | 19,834 |  |  | (27 | )% |  | 27,076 |
Total Financial Services revenues | 160,888 |  |  | 56 | % |  | 103,094 |  |  | (15 | )% |  | 121,663 |
Expenses | 135,511 |  |  | (2 | )% |  | 137,666 |  |  | 19 | % |  | 116,122 |
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities | (186 | ) |  | 82 | % |  | (102 | ) |  | 50 | % |  | (68 | )
Income (loss) before income taxes | $ | 25,563 |  |  | 174 | % |  | $ | (34,470 | ) |  | (715 | )% |  | $ | 5,609 |
Total originations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans | 11,322 |  |  | 19 | % |  | 9,482 |  |  | (12 | )% |  | 10,770 |
Principal | $ | 2,509,928 |  |  | 26 | % |  | $ | 1,986,225 |  |  | (13 | )% |  | $ | 2,273,394 |

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| Years Ended December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Supplemental data: |  |  |  |  |
Capture rate | 81.9 | % |  | 78.5 | % |  | 77.5 | %
Average FICO score | 743 |  |  | 748 |  |  | 749 |
Loan application backlog | $ | 1,178,321 |  |  | $ | 583,472 |  |  | $ | 558,821 |
Funded origination breakdown: |  |  |  |  |
FHA | 25 | % |  | 30 | % |  | 38 | %
VA | 12 | % |  | 13 | % |  | 12 | %
Other agency | 61 | % |  | 56 | % |  | 49 | %
Total agency | 98 | % |  | 99 | % |  | 99 | %
Non-agency | 2 | % |  | 1 | % |  | 1 | %
Total funded originations | 100 | % |  | 100 | % |  | 100 | %

Revenues
Total Financial Services revenues during 2012 increased 56% compared to 2011 due to a 19% increase in loan origination volumes, an increase in average loan size, and improved loan pricing. The increase in loan origination volumes was due to a higher capture rate, higher Homebuilding closing volumes, and fewer cash sales. Interest income, which is included in mortgage operations revenues, was moderately higher in 2012 than in 2011 due to the increase in loan originations.
Financial Services revenues during 2011 decreased 15% compared with 2010, due in large part to a 12% decrease in loan origination volumes compared to 2010 resulting from lower Homebuilding volumes. Interest income was moderately lower in 2011 than in 2010 due to lower interest rates on loans originated.
In recent years, the mortgage industry has experienced a significant overall tightening of lending standards and a shift toward agency production and fixed rate loans versus adjustable rate mortgages (“ARMs”) and unconventional loans. The substantial majority of loan production during 2012, 2011, and 2010 consisted of fixed rate loans, the majority of which are prime, conforming loans. The shift toward agency fixed-rate loans has contributed to profitability as such loans generally result in higher profitability due to higher servicing values and structured guidelines that allow for expense efficiencies when processing the loan. Additionally, the historically low interest rates and difficult regulatory environment in recent periods has contributed to profitability by reducing the level of pricing competition in the market.
Loan origination liabilities
Our mortgage operations may be responsible for losses associated with mortgage loans originated and sold to investors in the event of errors or omissions relating to representations and warranties that the loans sold meet certain requirements, including representations as to underwriting standards, the existence of primary mortgage insurance, and the validity of certain borrower representations in connection with the loan. If determined to be at fault, we either repurchase the loans from the investors or reimburse the investors' losses (a “make-whole” payment).
In recent years, we experienced a significant increase in losses as a result of the high level of loan defaults and related losses in the mortgage industry and increasing aggressiveness by investors in presenting such claims to us. To date, the significant majority of these losses relates to loans originated in 2006 and 2007, during which period inherently riskier loan products became more common in the mortgage origination market. During 2012, 2011, and 2010, we recorded additional provisions for losses as a change in estimate primarily to reflect projected claim volumes in excess of previous estimates. Losses related to loan origination liabilities totaled $49.0 million, $59.3 million, and $16.9 million in 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, and are reflected in Financial Services expenses. Given the volatility in the mortgage industry and the uncertainty regarding the ultimate resolution of these claims, it is reasonably possible that future losses may exceed our current estimates. See our Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates and Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion.
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We entered into an agreement in conjunction with the wind down of Centex's mortgage operations, which ceased loan origination activities in December 2009, that provides a guaranty for one major investor of loans originated by Centex. This guaranty provides that we will honor the potential repurchase obligations of Centex's mortgage operations related to breaches of representations and warranties in the origination of a certain pool of loans. Other than with respect to this pool of loans, our contractual repurchase obligations are limited to our mortgage subsidiaries, which are included in non-guarantor subsidiaries (see Note 14 for a discussion of non-guarantor subsidiaries).
The mortgage subsidiary of Centex also sold loans to a bank for inclusion in residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBSs”) issued by the bank. In connection with these sales, Centex's mortgage subsidiary entered into agreements pursuant to which it may be required to indemnify the bank for losses incurred by investors in the RMBSs arising out of material errors or omissions in certain information provided by the mortgage subsidiary relating to the loans and loan origination process. In 2011, the bank notified us that it has been named defendant in two lawsuits alleging various violations of federal and state securities laws asserting that untrue statements of material fact were included in the registration statements used to market the sale of two RMBS transactions which included $162 million of loans originated by Centex's mortgage subsidiary. Neither Centex's mortgage subsidiary nor the Company is named as a defendant in these actions. These actions are in their preliminary stage, and we cannot yet quantify Centex's mortgage subsidiary's potential liability as a result of these indemnification obligations. We do not believe, however, that these matters will have a material adverse impact on the results of operations, financial position, or cash flows of the Company. We are aware of six other RMBS transactions with such indemnity provisions that include an aggregate $116 million of loans, and we are not aware of any current or threatened legal proceedings regarding those transactions.
Income before income taxes
The income before income taxes for 2012 as compared to the loss before income taxes in the prior year period was due to higher origination volumes, improved loan pricing, and lower loss reserves related to loans originated in previous years. Such loss reserves totaled $49.0 million in 2012, compared with $59.3 million in 2011 (see Loan origination liabilities above).
The loss before income taxes in 2011 was due to increased loss reserves related to contingent loan origination liabilities, which totaled $59.3 million in 2011, compared to $16.9 million in 2010 (see Loan origination liabilities above). Excluding these losses, our Financial Services segment experienced higher profitability during 2011 than in 2010, primarily as the result of improved loan pricing.
Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate is affected by a number of factors, the most significant of which are the valuation allowance recorded against our deferred tax assets and changes in our unrecognized tax benefits. Due to the effects of these factors, our effective tax rates for 2010 through 2012 are not correlated to the amount of our income or loss before income taxes. Our effective tax rates were (12.3)%, 32.2%, and 11.2% in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The income tax benefits for 2012, 2011, and 2010 were primarily due to the favorable resolution of certain federal and state income tax matters.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We finance our land acquisition, development, and construction activities and financial services operations by using internally-generated funds supplemented by credit arrangements with third parties and capital market financing. We routinely monitor current and expected operational requirements and financial market conditions to evaluate accessing other available financing sources, including revolving bank credit and securities offerings. Based on our current financial condition and credit relationships, we believe that our operations and borrowing resources are sufficient to provide for our current and foreseeable capital requirements. However, we continue to evaluate the impact of market conditions on our liquidity and may determine that modifications are appropriate if market conditions deteriorate, if significant growth returns to the homebuilding industry, or if favorable capital market opportunities become available.
At December 31, 2012, we had unrestricted cash and equivalents of $1.4 billion and senior notes of $2.5 billion. We also had restricted cash balances of $72.0 million, the substantial majority of which related to cash serving as collateral under certain letter of credit facilities. Other financing sources include various letter of credit facilities and surety bond arrangements.
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We follow a diversified investment approach for our cash and equivalents by maintaining such funds with a diversified portfolio of banks within our group of relationship banks in high quality, highly liquid, short-term investments, generally money market funds and federal government or agency securities. We monitor our investments with each bank and do not believe our cash and equivalents are exposed to any material risk of loss. However, there can be no assurances that losses of principal balance on our cash and equivalents will not occur.
Our ratio of debt to total capitalization, excluding our Financial Services debt, was 53.4% at December 31, 2012, and 32.1% net of cash and equivalents, including restricted cash. The ratio of debt to total capitalization remains above our desired target. Therefore, we are actively pursuing strategies to reduce our leverage through a combination of cash-generating activities, reducing debt, and returning to consistent profitability. In 2012 this was evidenced by the significant cash flow generated from our operations, primarily through a reduction of inventory, retiring $592.4 million of outstanding debt, and returning our operations to profitability.
Credit agreements
We maintain separate cash-collateralized letter of credit agreements with a number of financial institutions. Letters of credit totaling $54.5 million were outstanding under these agreements at December 31, 2012. Under these agreements, we are required to maintain deposits with these financial institutions in amounts approximating the letters of credit outstanding. Such deposits are included in restricted cash.
We also maintain an unsecured letter of credit facility that expires in September 2014. This facility originally permitted the issuance of up to $200.0 million of letters of credit for general corporate purposes in support of any wholly-owned subsidiary. We voluntarily reduced the capacity of this facility to $150.0 million effective July 2, 2012. At December 31, 2012, $124.6 million of letters of credit were outstanding under this facility.
Pulte Mortgage
Pulte Mortgage provides mortgage financing for the majority of our home closings by utilizing its own funds and funds made available pursuant to credit agreements with third parties or through intercompany borrowings. Pulte Mortgage uses these resources to finance its lending activities until the mortgage loans are sold to third party investors, which generally occurs within 30 days. In September 2012, Pulte Mortgage entered into a Master Repurchase Agreement (the “Repurchase Agreement”) with third party lenders. The Repurchase Agreement provides for loan purchases of up to $150.0 million, subject to certain sublimits, and borrowings under the Repurchase Agreement are secured by residential mortgage loans available-for-sale. At December 31, 2012, Pulte Mortgage had $138.8 million outstanding under the Repurchase Agreement, which expires in September 2013. While there can be no assurances that the Repurchase Agreement can be renewed or replaced on commercially reasonable terms upon its expiration, we believe we have adequate liquidity to meet Pulte Mortgage's anticipated financing needs.
Stock repurchase programs
Pursuant to $100 million stock repurchase programs authorized by our Board of Directors in October 2002 and October 2005, and a $200 million stock repurchase authorization in February 2006 (for a total stock repurchase authorization of $400 million), we have repurchased a total of 9,688,900 shares for a total of $297.7 million. There have been no repurchases under these programs since 2006. We had remaining authorization to purchase common stock aggregating $102.3 million at December 31, 2012.
Dividends
We did not declare a dividend in 2012, 2011, or 2010. Future dividends will depend upon a variety of factors considered relevant by the Board of Directors, including our earnings, capital requirements, financial condition, market conditions, and other factors.
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Cash flows
In 2012, we generated significant positive operating cash flow through a combination of earnings and significant reductions in inventory. However, as growth conditions return to the homebuilding industry, we will need to invest significant capital into our operations to support such growth. Additionally, the supply of finished lots (fully developed land) ready for immediate home construction has declined in many of our markets. As a result, we expect that raw or partially developed land and related development costs will represent an increasing proportion of our future land investments, which may result in increased inventory levels.
Operating activities
Our net cash provided by operating activities in 2012 was $760.1 million, compared with $17.3 million and $592.1 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively. Generally, the primary drivers of our cash flow from operations are profitability and changes in inventory levels. Our positive cash flow from operations for 2012 was primarily due to our net income of $206.1 million combined with a net decrease in inventories of $455.2 million. The inventory decrease resulted from lower reinvestment in land inventory combined with a significant reduction in spec homes in production, partially offset by an increase in sold homes in production.
The net losses for 2011 and 2010 were largely the result of non-cash asset impairments and insurance reserve adjustments, so the cash flows from operations each period primarily relate to changes in working capital. Our positive cash flow from operations in 2011 was primarily the result of a net decrease in inventories combined with income tax refunds, net of payments, of $62.2 million offset by financing Pulte Mortgage's lending operations, which reduced cash flows from operations by $52.8 million in 2011.
Our positive cash flow from operations for 2010 was primarily the result of income tax refunds, net of payments, of $941.3 million. After adjusting for these tax refunds, operating cash flow was negative for 2010. Cash flows from operations in 2010 were negatively impacted by the voluntary repurchase of certain community development district obligations for $111.2 million (see above) and using $74.5 million to finance Pulte Mortgage's lending operations. During 2010, inventory levels and residential mortgage loans available-for-sale decreased slightly.
Investing activities
Net cash provided by investing activities totaled $9.7 million in 2012, compared with net cash used in investing activities of $93.6 million in 2011 and $19.5 million in 2010. The positive cash flow from investing activities in 2012 was primarily due to a $28.7 million decrease in the restricted cash we are required to maintain under our letter of credit facilities, which resulted from a reduction in letters of credit outstanding, offset by capital expenditures and investments in unconsolidated entities.
The negative cash flow from investing activities for 2011 was due to $83.2 million of restricted cash we were required to maintain related to our letter of credit facilities, partially offset by proceeds from the sale of property and equipment related to the consolidation of certain facilities.
The net cash used in investing activities in 2010 was primarily the result of investments in unconsolidated entities and capital expenditures, partially offset by distributions from unconsolidated entities and a reduction in residential mortgage loans held for investment.
Financing activities
Net cash used in financing activities was $448.2 million in 2012, compared with $324.0 million and $949.7 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively. During the last three years, we significantly reduced our outstanding senior notes through a variety of transactions, including scheduled maturities, open market repurchases, early redemptions as provided within indenture agreements, and tender offers. Completion of these transactions required the use of $618.8 million, $321.1 million, and $935.9 million of cash in 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. Cash used in financing activities in 2012 also reflects $138.8 million of borrowings under the Repurchase Agreement as well as $32.8 million from issuance of common shares in connection with stock option exercises. As discussed above, we used internal funds to finance Pulte Mortgage's operations during 2011 and 2010, the effects of which are reflected in cash flows from operating activities.
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Inflation
We, and the homebuilding industry in general, may be adversely affected during periods of high inflation because of higher land and construction costs. Inflation may also increase our financing costs. In addition, higher mortgage interest rates affect the affordability of permanent mortgage financing to prospective homebuyers. While we attempt to pass on to our customers increases in our costs through increased sales prices, market forces may limit our ability to do so. If we are unable to raise sales prices enough to compensate for higher costs, or if mortgage interest rates increase significantly, our revenues, gross margins, and net income would be adversely affected.
Seasonality
Our homebuilding operating cycle historically reflected increased revenues, profitability, and cash flow from operations during the fourth quarter based on the timing of home closings. While the challenging market conditions experienced in recent years lessened the seasonal variations of our results, we have experienced a return to a more traditional demand pattern as new orders were higher in the first half of the year and home closings increased in each quarter throughout the year. If and when the homebuilding industry more fully recovers from the recent downturn, we believe these traditional seasonal patterns will continue.
Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
The following table summarizes our payments under contractual obligations as of December 31, 2012:

| Payments Due by Period ($000’s omitted)
| Total |  | 2013 |  | 2014-2015 |  | 2016-2017 |  | After 2017
Contractual obligations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Long-term debt (a) | $ | 4,536,577 |  |  | $ | 161,093 |  |  | $ | 1,047,757 |  |  | $ | 731,430 |  |  | $ | 2,596,297 |
Operating lease obligations | 118,758 |  |  | 29,526 |  |  | 47,970 |  |  | 24,776 |  |  | 16,486 |
Other long-term liabilities (b) | 2,465 |  |  | 1,677 |  |  | 788 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total contractual obligations (c) | $ | 4,657,800 |  |  | $ | 192,296 |  |  | $ | 1,096,515 |  |  | $ | 756,206 |  |  | $ | 2,612,783 |

(a) | Represents principal and interest payments related to our senior notes.

(b) | Represents limited recourse collateralized financing arrangements and related interest payments.

(c) | We do not have any payments due in connection with capital lease or long-term purchase obligations.

We are subject to certain obligations associated with entering into contracts (including land option contracts) for the purchase, development, and sale of real estate in the routine conduct of our business. Option contracts for the purchase of land enable us to defer acquiring portions of properties owned by third parties and unconsolidated entities until we have determined whether to exercise our option, which may serve to reduce our financial risks associated with long-term land holdings. At December 31, 2012, we had $70.1 million of deposits and pre-acquisition costs relating to option agreements to acquire 16,815 homesites with a remaining purchase price of $923.4 million. We expect to acquire approximately half of these lots within the next two years and the remainder thereafter.
At December 31, 2012, we had $170.4 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits and $31.5 million of related accrued interest and penalties. We are currently under examination by various taxing jurisdictions and anticipate finalizing the examinations with certain jurisdictions within the next twelve months. However, the final outcome of these examinations is not yet determinable. The statute of limitations for our major tax jurisdictions remains open for examination for tax years 2003 - 2012.
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The following table summarizes our other commercial commitments as of December 31, 2012:

| Amount of Commitment Expiration by Period ($000’s omitted)
| Total |  | 2013 |  | 2014-2015 |  | 2016-2017 |  | After 2017
Other commercial commitments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Guarantor credit facilities (a) | $ | 204,547 |  |  | $ | 54,547 |  |  | $ | 150,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Non-guarantor credit facilities (b) | 150,000 |  |  | 150,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total commercial commitments (c) | $ | 354,547 |  |  | $ | 204,547 |  |  | $ | 150,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

(a) | The $150.0 million in 2014 represents the capacity of our unsecured letter of credit facility, of which $124.6 million was outstanding at December 31, 2012, while the $54.5 million in 2013 represents letters of credit outstanding under our cash-collateralized letter of credit agreements.

(b) | Represents the capacity of the Repurchase Agreement, which expires in September 2013.

(c) | The above table excludes an aggregate $1.0 billion of surety bonds, which typically do not have stated expiration dates.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We use letters of credit and surety bonds to guarantee our performance under various contracts, principally in connection with the development of our projects. The expiration dates of the letter of credit contracts coincide with the expected completion date of the related homebuilding projects. If the obligations related to a project are ongoing, annual extensions of the letters of credit are typically granted on a year-to-year basis. At December 31, 2012, we had outstanding letters of credit of $179.2 million. Our surety bonds generally do not have stated expiration dates; rather, we are released from the bonds as the contractual performance is completed. These bonds, which approximated $1.0 billion at December 31, 2012, are typically outstanding over a period of approximately three to five years. Because significant construction and development work has been performed related to the applicable projects but has not yet received final acceptance by the respective counterparties, the aggregate amount of surety bonds outstanding is in excess of the projected cost of the remaining work to be performed.
In the ordinary course of business, we enter into land option agreements in order to procure land for the construction of houses in the future. At December 31, 2012, these agreements had an aggregate remaining purchase price of $923.4 million. Pursuant to these land option agreements, we provide a deposit to the seller as consideration for the right to purchase land at different times in the future, usually at predetermined prices. In certain instances, we are required to record the land under option as if we own it. At December 31, 2012, we consolidated certain land option agreements and recorded assets of $31.1 million as land, not owned, under option agreements.
At December 31, 2012, aggregate outstanding debt of unconsolidated joint ventures was $6.9 million, of which our proportionate share of such joint venture debt was $1.6 million. Of our proportionate share of joint venture debt, we provided limited recourse guaranties for $0.8 million at December 31, 2012. See Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The accompanying consolidated financial statements were prepared in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles. When more than one accounting principle, or the method of its application, is generally accepted, we select the principle or method that is appropriate in our specific circumstances (see Note 1 of our Consolidated Financial Statements). Application of these accounting principles requires us to make estimates about the future resolution of existing uncertainties; as a result, actual results could differ from these estimates. In preparing these consolidated financial statements, we have made our best estimates and judgments of the amounts and disclosures included in the consolidated financial statements, giving due regard to materiality.
Revenue recognition
Homebuilding – Homebuilding revenue and related profit are generally recognized at the time of the closing of the sale, when title to and possession of the property are transferred to the buyer. In situations where the buyer’s financing is originated by Pulte Mortgage, our wholly-owned mortgage subsidiary, and the buyer has not made an adequate initial or continuing investment, the profit on such sales is deferred until the sale of the related mortgage loan to a third-party investor has been completed, unless there is a loss on the sale in which case the loss on such sale is recognized at the time of closing.
Financial Services – Mortgage servicing fees represent fees earned for servicing loans for various investors. Servicing fees are based on a contractual percentage of the outstanding principal balance, or a contracted set fee in the case of certain sub-servicing arrangements, and are credited to income when related mortgage payments are received or the sub-servicing fees are earned. Loan origination fees, commitment fees, and certain direct loan origination costs are recognized as incurred. Expected gains and losses from the sale of residential mortgage loans and their related servicing rights are included in the measurement of written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through Financial Services revenues at the time of commitment. Subsequent changes in the fair value of these loans are reflected in Financial Services revenues as they occur. Interest income is accrued from the date a mortgage loan is originated until the loan is sold. Loans are placed on non-accrual status once they become greater than 90 days past due their contractual terms. Subsequent payments received are applied according to the contractual terms of the loan.
Inventory valuation
Inventory is stated at cost unless the carrying value is determined to not be recoverable, in which case the affected inventory is written down to fair value. Cost includes land acquisition, land development, and home construction costs, including interest, real estate taxes, and certain direct and indirect overhead costs related to development and construction. For those communities for which construction and development activities have been idled, applicable interest and real estate taxes are expensed as incurred. Land acquisition and development costs are allocated to individual lots using an average lot cost determined based on the total expected land acquisition and development costs and the total expected home closings for the community. The specific identification method is used to accumulate home construction costs.
We capitalize interest cost into homebuilding inventories. Each layer of capitalized interest is amortized over a period that approximates the average life of communities under development. Interest expense is allocated over the period based on the cyclical timing of home closings.
Cost of revenues includes the construction cost, average lot cost, estimated warranty costs, and commissions and closing costs applicable to the home. The construction cost of the home includes amounts paid through the closing date of the home, plus an appropriate accrual for costs incurred but not yet paid, based on an analysis of budgeted construction costs. This accrual is reviewed for accuracy based on actual payments made after closing compared with the amount accrued, and adjustments are made if needed. Total community land acquisition and development costs are based on an analysis of budgeted costs compared with actual costs incurred to date and estimates to complete. The development cycles for our communities range from under one year to in excess of ten years for certain master planned communities. Adjustments to estimated total land acquisition and development costs for the community affect the amounts costed for the community’s remaining lots.
We record valuation adjustments on land inventory when events and circumstances indicate that they may be impaired and when the cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than their carrying amounts. For communities that demonstrate indicators of impairment, we compare the expected undiscounted cash flows for these communities to their carrying value. For those communities whose carrying values exceed the expected undiscounted cash flows, we calculate the fair value of the community. Impairment charges are required to be recorded if the fair value of the community’s inventory is less than its carrying value.
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We generally determine the fair value of each community’s inventory using a combination of discounted cash models and market comparable transactions, where available. These estimated cash flows are significantly impacted by estimates related to expected average selling prices and sale incentives, expected sales paces and cancellation rates, expected land development and construction timelines, and anticipated land development, construction, and overhead costs. Such estimates must be made for each individual community and may vary significantly between communities. Due to uncertainties in the estimation process, the significant volatility in demand for new housing, and the long life cycles of many communities, actual results could differ significantly from such estimates.
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale
In accordance with ASC 825, “Financial Instruments” (“ASC 825”), we use the fair value option for our residential mortgage loans available-for-sale. Election of the fair value option for residential mortgage loans available-for-sale allows a better offset of the changes in fair values of the loans and the derivative instruments used to economically hedge them without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. Changes in the fair value of these loans are reflected in revenues as they occur.
Loan origination liabilities
Our mortgage operations may be responsible for losses associated with mortgage loans originated and sold to investors in the event of errors or omissions relating to representations and warranties that the loans sold meet certain requirements, including representations as to underwriting standards, the existence of primary mortgage insurance, and the validity of certain borrower representations in connection with the loan. If determined to be at fault, we either repurchase the loans from the investors or reimburse the investors' losses (a “make-whole” payment).
We sell substantially all of the loans we originate to investors in the secondary market within a short period of time after origination. In recent years, we experienced a significant increase in losses as a result of the high level of loan defaults and related losses in the mortgage industry and increasing aggressiveness by investors in presenting such claims to us. To date, the significant majority of these losses relates to loans originated in 2006 and 2007, during which period inherently riskier loan products became more common in the mortgage origination market. In 2006 and 2007, we originated $39.5 billion of loans, excluding loans originated by Centex's former subprime loan business sold by Centex in 2006. Because we generally do not retain the servicing rights to the loans we originate, information regarding the current and historical performance, credit quality, and outstanding balances of such loans is limited. Estimating these loan origination liabilities is further complicated by uncertainties surrounding numerous external factors, such as various macroeconomic factors (including unemployment rates and changes in home prices), actions taken by third parties, including the parties servicing the loans, and the U.S. federal government in its dual capacity as regulator of the U.S. mortgage industry and conservator of the government-sponsored enterprises commonly known as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, which own or guarantee the majority of mortgage loans in the U.S.
Most requests received to date relate to make-whole payments on loans that have been foreclosed, generally after a portion of the loan principal had been paid down, which reduces our exposure. Requests undergo extensive analysis to confirm the exposure, attempt to cure the identified defect, and, when necessary, determine our liability. We establish liabilities for such anticipated losses based upon, among other things, the level of current unresolved repurchase requests, the volume of estimated probable future repurchase requests, our ability to cure the defects identified in the repurchase requests, and the severity of the estimated loss upon repurchase. Determining these estimates and the resulting liability requires a significant level of management judgment. We are generally able to cure or refute over 60% of the requests received from investors such that we do not believe repurchases or make-whole payments will ultimately be required. For those requests that we believe will result in repurchases or make-whole payments, actual loss severities are expected to approximate 50% of the outstanding principal balance.
During 2012, 2011, and 2010, we recorded additional provisions for losses as a change in estimate primarily to reflect projected claim volumes in excess of previous estimates. Our current estimates assume that such requests will continue through 2014. Given the ongoing volatility in the mortgage industry, our lack of visibility into the current status of the review process of loans by investors, the claim volumes we continue to experience, and uncertainties regarding the ultimate resolution of these claims, it is reasonably possible that future losses may exceed our current estimates. For example, if the total number of loans we are required to repurchase is ultimately 10% lower or higher than our current estimates, the amount of future losses would decrease or increase by approximately $16.0 million.
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Intangible assets
We have recorded intangible assets related to tradenames acquired with the Centex merger completed in 2009 and the Del Webb merger completed in 2001, which are being amortized over their estimated useful lives. The carrying values and ultimate realization of these assets are dependent upon estimates of future earnings and benefits that we expect to generate from their use. If we determine that the carrying values of intangible assets may not be recoverable based upon the existence of one or more indicators of impairment, we use a projected undiscounted cash flow method to determine if impairment exists. If the carrying values of the intangible assets exceed the expected undiscounted cash flows, then we measure impairment as the difference between the fair value of the asset and the recorded carrying value. While the industry downturn in recent years has resulted in a decline in the fair value of these intangible assets, this decline has not yet resulted in an impairment of the assets' carrying values. However, if our expectations of future results and cash flows decrease significantly or if our strategy related to the use of the intangible assets changes, the related intangible assets may be impaired.
Allowance for warranties
Home purchasers are provided with a limited warranty against certain building defects, including a one-year comprehensive limited warranty and coverage for certain other aspects of the home’s construction and operating systems for periods of up to ten years. We estimate the costs to be incurred under these warranties and record a liability in the amount of such costs at the time product revenue is recognized. Factors that affect our warranty liability include the number of homes sold, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and the cost per claim. We periodically assess the adequacy of our recorded warranty liability for each geographic market in which we operate and adjust the amounts as necessary. Actual warranty costs in the future could differ from our estimates.
Self-insured risks
We maintain, and require our subcontractors to maintain, general liability insurance coverage. We also maintain builders' risk, property, errors and omissions, workers compensation, and other business insurance coverage. These insurance policies protect us against a portion of the risk of loss from claims. However, we retain a significant portion of the overall risk for such claims either through policies issued by our captive insurance subsidiaries or through our own self-insured per occurrence and aggregate retentions, deductibles, and claims in excess of available insurance policy limits.
Our general liability insurance includes coverage for certain construction defects. While construction defect claims can relate to a variety of circumstances, the majority of our claims relate to alleged problems with siding, plumbing, foundations and other concrete work, windows, roofing, and heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. The availability of general liability insurance for the homebuilding industry and its subcontractors has become increasingly limited, and the insurance policies available require companies to maintain higher per occurrence and aggregate retention levels. In certain instances, we may offer our subcontractors the opportunity to purchase insurance through one of our captive insurance subsidiaries or to participate in a project-specific insurance program provided by the Company. Policies issued by the captive insurance subsidiaries represent self-insurance of these risks by the Company. This self-insured exposure is limited by reinsurance policies that we purchase. General liability coverage for the homebuilding industry is complex, and our coverage varies from policy year to policy year. Our insurance coverage requires a per occurrence deductible up to an overall aggregate retention level. Beginning with the first dollar, amounts paid on insured claims satisfy our per occurrence and aggregate retention obligations. Any amounts incurred in excess of the occurrence or aggregate retention levels are covered by insurance up to our purchased coverage levels. Our insurance policies, including the captive insurance subsidiaries' reinsurance policies, are maintained with highly-rated underwriters for whom we believe counterparty default risk is not significant.
At any point in time, we are managing over 1,000 individual claims related to general liability, property, errors and omission, workers compensation, and other business insurance coverage. We reserve for costs associated with such claims (including expected claims management expenses relating to legal fees, expert fees, and claims handling expenses) on an undiscounted basis at the time product revenue is recognized for each home closing and evaluate the recorded liabilities based on actuarial analyses of our historical claims. The actuarial analyses calculate an estimate of the ultimate net cost of all unpaid losses, including estimates for incurred but not reported losses ("IBNR"). IBNR represents losses related to claims incurred but not yet reported plus development on reported claims. These estimates make up a significant portion of our liability and are subject to a high degree of uncertainty due to a variety of factors, including changes in claims reporting and resolution patterns, third party recoveries, insurance industry practices, the regulatory environment, and legal precedent. State regulations vary, but construction defect claims are reported and resolved over an extended period often exceeding ten years. In certain instances, we have the ability to recover a portion of our costs under various insurance policies or from our subcontractors or other third parties. Estimates of such amounts are recorded when recovery is considered probable.
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The recorded reserves include loss estimates related to both (i) existing claims and related claim expenses and (ii) IBNR and related claim expenses. Liabilities related to IBNR and related claim expenses represented approximately 74% and 78% of the total general liability reserves, which represent the vast majority of the total recorded reserves, at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The actuarial analyses that determine the IBNR portion of reserves consider a variety of factors, including the frequency and severity of losses, which are based on our historical claims experience supplemented by industry data. The actuarial analyses of the reserves also consider historical third party recovery rates and claims management expenses.
Adjustments to estimated reserves are recorded in the period in which the change in estimate occurs. Because the majority of our recorded reserves relates to IBNR, adjustments to reserve amounts for individual existing claims generally do not impact the recorded reserves materially. However, changes in the frequency and timing of reported claims and the estimates of specific claim values can impact the underlying inputs and trends utilized in the actuarial analyses, which could have a material impact on the recorded reserves.
We have experienced a high level of insurance-related expenses in recent years, primarily due to the adverse development of general liability claims, the frequency and severity of which have increased significantly over historical levels. During 2010, we experienced a greater than anticipated frequency of newly reported claims and a significant increase in specific case reserves related to certain known claims. The general nature of these claims was not out of the ordinary, but the frequency and severity of the claims were in excess of our historical experience. As a result of these unfavorable trends, we recorded additional reserves totaling $280.4 million ($0.74 per basic and diluted share) within selling, general, and administrative expenses. Substantially all of this additional reserve related to general liability exposures, a large portion of which resulted from revising our actuarial assumptions surrounding the long-term frequency, severity, and development of claims. During the industry downturn over the last several years, and especially in 2010, we experienced adverse claim frequency and severity compared with longer term averages. In 2010, we deemed it appropriate to assume that the long-term future frequency, severity, and development of claims will most closely resemble the claims activity experienced in recent years.
Our recorded reserves for all such claims totaled $721.3 million and $739.0 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, the vast majority of which relate to general liability claims. Because of the inherent uncertainty in estimating future losses related to these claims, actual costs could differ significantly from estimated costs. Based on the actuarial analyses performed, we believe the range of reasonably possible losses related to these claims is $650 million to $800 million. While this range represents our best estimate of our ultimate liability related to these claims, due to a variety of factors, including those factors described above, there can be no assurance that the ultimate costs realized by us will fall within this range.
Income taxes
We follow the provisions of ASC 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”), which prescribes a minimum recognition threshold a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, measurement, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, and disclosure. Significant judgment is required to evaluate uncertain tax positions. Evaluations of our tax positions consider changes in facts or circumstances, changes in law, correspondence with taxing authorities, and settlements of audit issues.
We calculate our provision for income taxes using the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized by identifying the temporary differences arising from the different treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, we consider whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is primarily dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. In determining the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our financial statements or tax returns, judgment is required.
We continue to analyze all available positive and negative evidence in determining the continuing need for a valuation allowance. This evaluation considers, among other factors, historical operating results, forecasts of future profitability, and the duration of statutory carryforward periods. One of the primary pieces of negative evidence we consider is the significant losses we have incurred in recent years, including being in a significant three-year cumulative pre-tax loss position at December 31, 2012. Other negative evidence includes a challenging U.S. macroeconomic environment and uncertainty regarding the timing of a broad, sustainable recovery in the homebuilding industry. However, we earned a profit before income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2012 and have seen significant increases in new orders, backlog, and home sale gross margin. If current business trends continue, including continued improvements in the homebuilding industry, and we continue to be profitable, we believe that there could be sufficient positive evidence to support reducing a large portion of the valuation allowance during
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2013. Realization of a portion of our deferred tax assets for state NOL carryforwards and other items, however, is more unlikely than the realization of federal deferred tax assets. This is due to the need to generate sufficient taxable income in each of the respective jurisdictions prior to the expirations of the various state carryforward periods, some of which expire sooner than the 20-year federal NOL carryforwards.
New accounting pronouncements
See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are subject to interest rate risk on our rate-sensitive financings to the extent long-term rates decline. The following tables set forth, as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, our rate-sensitive financing obligations, principal cash flows by scheduled maturity, weighted-average interest rates, and estimated fair value ($000’s omitted).

| As of December 31, 2012 for the Years ending December 31,
| 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | Thereafter |  | Total |  | Fair Value
Rate-sensitive liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed interest rate debt: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Senior notes | $ | — |  |  | $ | 398,852 |  |  | $ | 369,222 |  |  | $ | 465,245 |  |  | $ | 150,000 |  |  | $ | 1,150,000 |  |  | $ | 2,533,319 |  |  | $ | 2,663,451 |
Average interest rate | — | % |  | 5.49 | % |  | 5.24 | % |  | 6.50 | % |  | 7.63 | % |  | 6.80 | % |  | 6.36 | % |  |
| As of December 31, 2011 for the Years ending December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | Thereafter |  | Total |  | Fair Value
Rate-sensitive liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed interest rate debt: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Senior notes | $ | 96,393 |  |  | $ | 182,221 |  |  | $ | 574,590 |  |  | $ | 492,491 |  |  | $ | 480,000 |  |  | $ | 1,300,000 |  |  | $ | 3,125,695 |  |  | $ | 2,765,151 |
Average interest rate | 5.45 | % |  | 5.51 | % |  | 5.50 | % |  | 5.23 | % |  | 6.50 | % |  | 6.89 | % |  | 6.19 | % |  |

Derivative instruments and hedging activities
Pulte Mortgage is exposed to market risks from commitments to lend, movements in interest rates, and canceled or modified commitments to lend. A commitment to lend at a specific interest rate (an interest rate lock commitment) is a derivative financial instrument (interest rate is locked to the borrower). The interest rate risk continues through the loan closing and until the loan is sold to an investor. We are generally not exposed to variability in cash flows of derivative instruments for more than approximately 60 days. In periods of rising interest rates, the length of exposure will generally increase due to customers locking in an interest rate sooner as opposed to letting the interest rate float.
In order to reduce these risks, we use other derivative financial instruments, principally cash forward placement contracts on mortgage-backed securities and whole loan investor commitments, to economically hedge the interest rate lock commitment. We enter into one of the aforementioned derivative financial instruments upon accepting interest rate lock commitments. Changes in the fair value of interest rate lock commitments and the other derivative financial instruments are recognized in Financial Services revenues. We do not use any derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.
Hypothetical changes in the fair values of our financial instruments arising from immediate parallel shifts in long-term mortgage rates of 50, 100, and 150 basis points would not be material to our financial results.
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SPECIAL NOTES CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
As a cautionary note, except for the historical information contained herein, certain matters discussed in Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, and Item 7a, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, are “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results, performance, prospects or opportunities, as well as those of the markets we serve or intend to serve, to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, these statements. You can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate to matters of a strictly factual or historical nature and generally discuss or relate to forecasts, estimates or other expectations regarding future events. Generally, the words “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “project,” “may,” “can,” “could,” “might,” “will” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements, including statements related to expected operating and performing results, planned transactions, planned objectives of management, future developments or conditions in the industries in which we participate and other trends, developments and uncertainties that may affect our business in the future.
Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include, among other things: interest rate changes and the availability of mortgage financing; continued volatility in the debt and equity markets; competition within the industries in which PulteGroup operates; the availability and cost of land and other raw materials used by PulteGroup in its homebuilding operations; the impact of any changes to our strategy in responding to continuing adverse conditions in the industry, including any changes regarding our land positions; the availability and cost of insurance covering risks associated with PulteGroup's businesses; shortages and the cost of labor; weather related slowdowns; slow growth initiatives and/or local building moratoria; governmental regulation directed at or affecting the housing market, the homebuilding industry or construction activities; uncertainty in the mortgage lending industry, including revisions to underwriting standards and repurchase requirements associated with the sale of mortgage loans; the interpretation of or changes to tax, labor and environmental laws; economic changes nationally or in PulteGroup's local markets, including inflation, deflation, changes in consumer confidence and preferences and the state of the market for homes in general; legal or regulatory proceedings or claims; required accounting changes; terrorist acts and other acts of war; and other factors of national, regional and global scale, including those of a political, economic, business and competitive nature. See Item 1A – Risk Factors for a further discussion of these and other risks and uncertainties applicable to PulteGroup’s business. PulteGroup undertakes no duty to update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or changes in PulteGroup's expectations.
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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
PULTEGROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, 2012 and 2011
($000’s omitted, except per share data)

| 2012 |  | 2011
ASSETS |  |  |
Cash and equivalents | $ | 1,404,760 |  |  | $ | 1,083,071 |
Restricted cash | 71,950 |  |  | 101,860 |
House and land inventory | 4,214,046 |  |  | 4,636,468 |
Land held for sale | 91,104 |  |  | 135,307 |
Land, not owned, under option agreements | 31,066 |  |  | 24,905 |
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale | 318,931 |  |  | 258,075 |
Investments in unconsolidated entities | 45,629 |  |  | 35,988 |
Other assets | 407,675 |  |  | 447,598 |
Intangible assets | 149,248 |  |  | 162,348 |
| $ | 6,734,409 |  |  | $ | 6,885,620 |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |
Liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable, including book overdrafts of $42,053 and $48,380 in 2012 and 2011, respectively | $ | 178,274 |  |  | $ | 196,447 |
Customer deposits | 101,183 |  |  | 46,960 |
Accrued and other liabilities | 1,418,063 |  |  | 1,411,941 |
Income tax liabilities | 198,865 |  |  | 203,313 |
Financial Services debt | 138,795 |  |  | — |
Senior notes | 2,509,613 |  |  | 3,088,344 |
Total liabilities | 4,544,793 |  |  | 4,947,005 |
Shareholders’ equity: |  |  |
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 25,000,000 shares authorized, none issued | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 400,000,000 shares authorized, 386,608,436 and 382,607,543 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively | 3,866 |  |  | 3,826 |
Additional paid-in capital | 3,030,889 |  |  | 2,986,240 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (992 | ) |  | (1,306 | )
Accumulated deficit | (844,147 | ) |  | (1,050,145 | )
Total shareholders’ equity | 2,189,616 |  |  | 1,938,615 |
| $ | 6,734,409 |  |  | $ | 6,885,620 |

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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PULTEGROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
(000’s omitted, except per share data)

| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |
Homebuilding |  |  |  |  |
Home sale revenues | $ | 4,552,412 |  |  | $ | 3,950,743 |  |  | $ | 4,419,812 |
Land sale revenues | 106,698 |  |  | 82,853 |  |  | 27,815 |
| 4,659,110 |  |  | 4,033,596 |  |  | 4,447,627 |
Financial Services | 160,888 |  |  | 103,094 |  |  | 121,663 |
Total revenues | 4,819,998 |  |  | 4,136,690 |  |  | 4,569,290 |
Homebuilding Cost of Revenues: |  |  |  |  |
Home sale cost of revenues | 3,833,451 |  |  | 3,444,398 |  |  | 4,006,385 |
Land sale cost of revenues | 94,880 |  |  | 59,279 |  |  | 53,555 |
| 3,928,331 |  |  | 3,503,677 |  |  | 4,059,940 |
Financial Services expenses | 135,511 |  |  | 137,666 |  |  | 116,122 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 514,457 |  |  | 519,583 |  |  | 895,102 |
Other expense (income), net | 66,298 |  |  | 293,102 |  |  | 742,385 |
Interest income | (4,913 | ) |  | (5,055 | ) |  | (9,531 | )
Interest expense | 819 |  |  | 1,313 |  |  | 2,729 |
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities | (4,059 | ) |  | (3,296 | ) |  | (2,911 | )
Income (loss) before income taxes | 183,554 |  |  | (310,300 | ) |  | (1,234,546 | )
Income tax expense (benefit) | (22,591 | ) |  | (99,912 | ) |  | (137,817 | )
Net income (loss) | $ | 206,145 |  |  | $ | (210,388 | ) |  | $ | (1,096,729 | )
Net income (loss) per share: |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 0.54 |  |  | $ | (0.55 | ) |  | $ | (2.90 | )
Diluted | $ | 0.54 |  |  | $ | (0.55 | ) |  | $ | (2.90 | )
Number of shares used in calculation: |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 381,562 |  |  | 379,877 |  |  | 378,585 |
Effect of dilutive securities | 3,002 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Diluted | 384,564 |  |  | 379,877 |  |  | 378,585 |

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
47

PULTEGROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
(000’s omitted, except per share data)

| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Net income (loss) | $ | 206,145 |  |  | $ | (210,388 | ) |  | $ | (1,096,729 | )
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: |  |  |  |  |
Change in fair value of derivatives | 314 |  |  | 213 |  |  | 724 |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6 |
Other comprehensive income | 314 |  |  | 213 |  |  | 730 |
Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | 206,459 |  |  | $ | (210,175 | ) |  | $ | (1,095,999 | )

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
48

PULTEGROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
(000’s omitted, except per share data)

| Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) |  | Total
Shares |  | $ |
Shareholders' Equity, January 1, 2010 | 380,690 |  |  | $ | 3,807 |  |  | $ | 2,935,737 |  |  | $ | (2,249 | ) |  | $ | 257,145 |  |  | $ | 3,194,440 |
Stock option exercises | 902 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 8,659 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,668 |
Stock awards, net of cancellations | 884 |  |  | 9 |  |  | (9 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Stock repurchases | (448 | ) |  | (5 | ) |  | (3,549 | ) |  | — |  |  | (469 | ) |  | (4,023 | )
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 32,081 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 32,081 |
Net income (loss) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,096,729 | ) |  | (1,096,729 | )
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 730 |  |  | — |  |  | 730 |
Shareholders' Equity, December 31, 2010 | 382,028 |  |  | $ | 3,820 |  |  | $ | 2,972,919 |  |  | $ | (1,519 | ) |  | $ | (840,053 | ) |  | $ | 2,135,167 |
Stock awards, net of cancellations | 944 |  |  | 10 |  |  | (10 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Stock repurchases | (364 | ) |  | (4 | ) |  | (3,128 | ) |  | — |  |  | 296 |  |  | (2,836 | )
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,459 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,459 |
Net income (loss) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (210,388 | ) |  | (210,388 | )
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 213 |  |  | — |  |  | 213 |
Shareholders' Equity, December 31, 2011 | 382,608 |  |  | $ | 3,826 |  |  | $ | 2,986,240 |  |  | $ | (1,306 | ) |  | $ | (1,050,145 | ) |  | $ | 1,938,615 |
Stock option exercises | 2,877 |  |  | 29 |  |  | 32,780 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 32,809 |
Stock awards, net of cancellations | 1,228 |  |  | 12 |  |  | (12 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Stock repurchases | (105 | ) |  | (1 | ) |  | (813 | ) |  | — |  |  | (147 | ) |  | (961 | )
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,694 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,694 |
Net income (loss) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 206,145 |  |  | 206,145 |
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 314 |  |  | — |  |  | 314 |
Shareholders' Equity, December 31, 2012 | 386,608 |  |  | $ | 3,866 |  |  | $ | 3,030,889 |  |  | $ | (992 | ) |  | $ | (844,147 | ) |  | $ | 2,189,616 |

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
49

PULTEGROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
($000’s omitted)

| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | 206,145 |  |  | $ | (210,388 | ) |  | $ | (1,096,729 | )
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
Write-down of land and deposits and pre-acquisition costs | 17,195 |  |  | 35,786 |  |  | 214,444 |
Goodwill impairments | — |  |  | 240,541 |  |  | 656,298 |
Depreciation and amortization | 30,027 |  |  | 32,098 |  |  | 45,660 |
Stock-based compensation expense | 22,897 |  |  | 16,970 |  |  | 32,081 |
Loss on debt retirements | 32,071 |  |  | 5,638 |  |  | 38,920 |
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities | (4,059 | ) |  | (3,296 | ) |  | (2,911 | )
Distributions of earnings from unconsolidated entities | 7,488 |  |  | 7,083 |  |  | 5,512 |
Other non-cash, net | 10,356 |  |  | 12,188 |  |  | 11,539 |
Increase (decrease) in cash due to: |  |  |  |  |
Restricted cash | 1,257 |  |  | 5,940 |  |  | 7,775 |
Inventories | 455,223 |  |  | 54,891 |  |  | (28,754 | )
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale | (60,828 | ) |  | (82,113 | ) |  | (7,991 | )
Other assets | 26,014 |  |  | 182,471 |  |  | 970,305 |
Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities | 20,802 |  |  | (189,435 | ) |  | (187,512 | )
Income tax liabilities | (4,448 | ) |  | (91,095 | ) |  | (66,513 | )
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 760,140 |  |  | 17,279 |  |  | 592,124 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |
Distributions from unconsolidated entities | 3,029 |  |  | 4,531 |  |  | 4,231 |
Investments in unconsolidated entities | (16,456 | ) |  | (4,603 | ) |  | (22,890 | )
Net change in loans held for investment | 836 |  |  | 325 |  |  | 12,603 |
Change in restricted cash related to letters of credit | 28,653 |  |  | (83,199 | ) |  | — |
Proceeds from the sale of property and equipment | 7,586 |  |  | 10,555 |  |  | 1,780 |
Capital expenditures | (13,942 | ) |  | (21,238 | ) |  | (15,179 | )
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 9,706 |  |  | (93,629 | ) |  | (19,455 | )
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |
Financial Services borrowings (repayments) | 138,795 |  |  | — |  |  | (18,394 | )
Other borrowings (repayments) | (618,800 | ) |  | (321,133 | ) |  | (935,917 | )
Stock option exercises | 32,809 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,668 |
Stock repurchases | (961 | ) |  | (2,836 | ) |  | (4,023 | )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | (448,157 | ) |  | (323,969 | ) |  | (949,666 | )
Net increase (decrease) in cash and equivalents | 321,689 |  |  | (400,319 | ) |  | (376,997 | )
Cash and equivalents at beginning of period | 1,083,071 |  |  | 1,483,390 |  |  | 1,860,387 |
Cash and equivalents at end of period | $ | 1,404,760 |  |  | $ | 1,083,071 |  |  | $ | 1,483,390 |
Supplemental Cash Flow Information: |  |  |  |  |
Interest paid (capitalized), net | $ | (1,470 | ) |  | $ | (9,623 | ) |  | $ | 18,367 |
Income taxes paid (refunded), net | $ | (13,322 | ) |  | $ | (62,167 | ) |  | $ | (941,283 | )

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
50

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Summary of significant accounting policies
Basis of presentation
PulteGroup, Inc. is one of the largest homebuilders in the United States, and our common stock trades on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “PHM”. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms "PulteGroup", the "Company", "we", "us", and "our" used herein refer to PulteGroup, Inc. and its subsidiaries. While our subsidiaries engage primarily in the homebuilding business, we also have mortgage banking operations, conducted principally through Pulte Mortgage LLC (“Pulte Mortgage”), and title operations.
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and include the accounts of PulteGroup, Inc. and all of its direct and indirect subsidiaries and variable interest entities in which PulteGroup, Inc. is deemed to be the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany accounts, transactions, and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Reclassification
Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
Subsequent events
We evaluated subsequent events up until the time the financial statements were filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").
Cash and equivalents
Cash and equivalents include institutional money market investments and time deposits with a maturity of three months or less when acquired. Cash and equivalents at December 31, 2012 and 2011 also included $8.1 million and $13.0 million, respectively, of cash from home closings held in escrow for our benefit, typically for less than five days, which are considered deposits in-transit.
Restricted cash
We maintain certain cash balances that are restricted as to their use. Restricted cash consists primarily of deposits maintained with financial institutions under certain cash-collateralized letter of credit agreements (see Note 7). The remaining balances relate to certain other accounts with restrictions, including customer deposits on home sales that are temporarily restricted by regulatory requirements until title transfers to the homebuyer.
Investments in unconsolidated entities
We have investments in a number of unconsolidated entities, including joint ventures, with independent third parties. Some of these unconsolidated entities purchase, develop, and/or sell land and homes in the U.S. and Puerto Rico. The equity method of accounting is used for unconsolidated entities over which we have significant influence; generally this represents ownership interests of at least 20% and not more than 50%. Under the equity method of accounting, we recognize our proportionate share of the profits and losses of these entities. Certain of these entities sell land to us. In these situations, we defer the recognition of profits from such activities until the time the related homes are sold. The cost method of accounting is used for investments in which we have less than a 20% ownership interest and do not have the ability to exercise significant influence.
51

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
We evaluate our investments in unconsolidated entities for recoverability in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 323, “Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures” (“ASC 323”). If we determine that a loss in the value of the investment is other than temporary, we write down the investment to its estimated fair value. Any such losses are recorded to equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Additionally, each unconsolidated entity evaluates its long-lived assets, such as inventory, for recoverability in accordance with ASC 360-10, “Property, Plant, and Equipment – Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets” (“ASC 360-10”). Our proportionate share of any such impairments is also recorded to equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Evaluations of recoverability under both ASC 323 and ASC 360-10 are primarily based on projected cash flows. Due to uncertainties in the estimation process and the significant volatility in demand for new housing, actual results could differ significantly from such estimates. See Note 6.
Notes receivable
In certain instances, we may accept consideration for land sales or other transactions in the form of a note receivable. We consider the creditworthiness of the counterparty when evaluating the relative risk and return involved in pursuing the applicable transaction. Due to the unique facts and circumstances surrounding each receivable, we assess the need for an allowance for each receivable on an individual basis. Factors considered as part of this assessment include the counterparty's payment history, the value of any underlying collateral, communications with the counterparty, knowledge of the counterparty's financial condition and plans, and the current and expected economic environment. Allowances are generally recorded in other expense (income), net when it becomes likely that some amount will not be collectible. Such receivables are reported net of allowance for credit losses within other assets. Notes receivable are written off when it is determined that collection efforts will no longer be pursued. Interest income is recognized as earned.
The following represents our notes receivable and related allowance for credit losses ($000’s omitted):

| December 31, 2012 |  | December 31, 2011
Notes receivable, gross | $ | 57,841 |  |  | $ | 78,834 |
Allowance for credit losses | (26,865 | ) |  | (41,647 | )
Notes receivable, net | $ | 30,976 |  |  | $ | 37,187 |

The decrease in the allowance for credit losses during 2012 relates primarily to settlement of a note receivable, for which an allowance had been recorded in previous periods, for an amount that approximated the note receivable's net book value. We also record other receivables from various parties in the normal course of business, including amounts due from municipalities, insurance companies, and vendors. Such receivables are generally non-interest bearing and non-collateralized, payable either on demand or upon the occurrence of a specified event, and are generally reported in other assets. See Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale in Note 1 for a discussion of our receivables related to mortgage operations.
Intangible assets
Intangible assets consist of trademarks and tradenames acquired in connection with the 2009 acquisition of Centex Corporation ("Centex") and the 2001 acquisition of Del Webb Corporation ("Del Webb"). These intangible assets were valued at the acquisition date and are being amortized over 20-year lives. The acquired cost and accumulated amortization of our intangible assets were $259.0 million and $109.8 million, respectively, at December 31, 2012, and $259.0 million and $96.7 million, respectively, at December 31, 2011. Amortization expense totaled $13.1 million in 2012, 2011, and 2010 and is expected to be $13.1 million in each of the next five years.
The ultimate realization of these assets is dependent upon estimates of future earnings and benefits that we expect to generate from their use. If we determine that the carrying values of intangible assets may not be recoverable based upon the existence of one or more indicators of impairment, we use a projected undiscounted cash flow method to determine if impairment exists. If the carrying values of the intangible assets exceed the expected undiscounted cash flows, then we measure impairment as the difference between the fair value of the asset and the recorded carrying value. There were no impairments of intangible assets during 2012, 2011, or 2010.
52

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the cost of acquired companies in excess of the fair value of the net assets of such companies at the acquisition date. Recorded goodwill is allocated to our reporting units based on the relative fair value of each acquired reporting unit. We assess the goodwill balance of each reporting unit for impairment annually in the fourth quarter and when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount might not be recoverable. All goodwill was written-off as of December 31, 2011. See Note 2.
Property and equipment, net, and depreciation
Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Maintenance and repair costs are expensed as incurred. Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method based upon estimated useful lives as follows: vehicles, three to seven years, model and office furniture, two to three years, and equipment, three to ten years. Property and equipment are included in other assets and totaled $44.2 million net of accumulated depreciation of $190.1 million at December 31, 2012 and $53.2 million net of accumulated depreciation of $203.4 million at December 31, 2011. Depreciation expense totaled $16.9 million, $19.0 million, and $32.5 million in 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.
Advertising costs
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and totaled $45.8 million, $55.1 million, and $54.9 million, in 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.
Employee benefits
We maintain defined contribution retirement plans that cover substantially all of our employees. Company contributions to these plans were suspended during 2010 and 2011, but were reinstated in 2012. Company contributions pursuant to the plans totaled $9.4 million in 2012.
Other expense (income), net
Other expense (income), net consists of the following ($000’s omitted):

| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs (Note 4) | $ | 2,278 |  |  | $ | 10,002 |  |  | $ | 5,594 |
Loss on debt retirements (Note 7) | 32,071 |  |  | 5,638 |  |  | 38,920 |
Lease exit and related costs (Note 3) (a) | 7,306 |  |  | 9,900 |  |  | 28,378 |
Amortization of intangible assets (Note 1) | 13,100 |  |  | 13,100 |  |  | 13,100 |
Goodwill impairments (Note 2) | — |  |  | 240,541 |  |  | 656,298 |
Miscellaneous expense (income), net | 11,543 |  |  | 13,921 |  |  | 95 |
| $ | 66,298 |  |  | $ | 293,102 |  |  | $ | 742,385 |

(a) | Excludes lease exit costs classified within Financial Services expenses of $0.5 million, $0.1 million, and $2.9 million in 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.

Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income (loss) available to common shareholders (the “numerator”) by the weighted-average number of common shares, adjusted for non-vested shares of restricted stock (the “denominator”) for the period. Computing diluted earnings per share is similar to computing basic earnings per share, except that the denominator is increased to include the dilutive effects of stock options, non-vested restricted stock, and other potentially dilutive instruments. Any stock options that have an exercise price greater than the average market price are considered to be anti-dilutive and are excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation. Earnings per share excludes 16.6 million out-of-the-money stock options and other potentially dilutive instruments in 2012. All stock options, non-vested restricted stock, and other potentially dilutive instruments were excluded from the calculation during 2011 and 2010 due to the net loss recorded during the periods.
53

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are participating securities and, therefore, are included in computing earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. The two-class method determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating securities according to dividends or dividend equivalents and their respective participation rights in undistributed earnings. Although our outstanding restricted stock and restricted stock units are considered participating securities, there were no earnings attributable to restricted shareholders during 2012, 2011, or 2010.
Stock-based compensation
We measure compensation cost for stock options at fair value on the grant date and recognize compensation expense on the graded vesting method over the vesting period. The graded vesting method provides for vesting of portions of the overall awards at interim dates and results in greater expense in earlier years than the straight-line method. The fair value of our stock options is determined using primarily the Black-Scholes valuation model. The fair value of restricted stock is determined based on the quoted price of our common stock on the grant date. We recognize compensation expense for restricted stock grants, the majority of which cliff vest at the end of three years, ratably over the vesting period. For share-based awards containing performance conditions, we recognize compensation expense ratably over the vesting period when it is probable that the stated performance targets will be achieved and record cumulative adjustments in the period in which estimates change. Compensation expense related to our share-based awards is included in selling, general, and administrative expense, except for a small portion recognized in Financial Services expenses. See Note 9.
Income taxes
We follow the provisions of ASC 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”), which prescribes a minimum recognition threshold a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. Significant judgment is required to evaluate uncertain tax positions. Our evaluations of tax positions consider a variety of factors, including changes in facts or circumstances, changes in law, correspondence with taxing authorities, and effective settlements of audit issues. Changes in the recognition or measurement of uncertain tax positions could result in material increases or decreases in income tax expense (benefit) in the period in which the change is made. Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits are recognized as a component of income tax expense (benefit).
The provision for income taxes is calculated using the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized by identifying the temporary differences arising from the different treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, we consider whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is primarily dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. In determining the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the financial statements or tax returns, judgment is required. Differences between the anticipated and actual outcomes of these future tax consequences could have a material impact on the consolidated results of operations or financial position. See Note 10.
Homebuilding revenue recognition
Homebuilding revenue and related profit are generally recognized at the closing of the sale, when title to and possession of the property are transferred to the buyer. In situations where the buyer’s financing is originated by Pulte Mortgage and the buyer has not made an adequate initial or continuing investment, the profit on such sale is deferred until the sale of the related mortgage loan to a third-party investor has been completed, unless there is a loss on the sale in which case the loss on such sale is recognized at the time of closing. Such amounts were not material at either December 31, 2012 or December 31, 2011.
Sales incentives
When sales incentives involve a discount on the selling price of the home, we record the discount as a reduction of revenue at the time of house closing. If the sales incentive requires us to provide a free product or service to the customer, the cost of the free product or service is recorded as cost of revenues at the time of house closing. This includes the cost related to optional upgrades and seller-paid financing costs, closing costs, homeowners’ association fees, or merchandise.
54

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Inventory
Inventory is stated at cost unless the carrying value is determined to not be recoverable, in which case the affected inventory is written down to fair value. Cost includes land acquisition, land development, and home construction costs, including interest, real estate taxes, and certain direct and indirect overhead costs related to development and construction. For those communities for which construction and development activities have been idled, applicable interest and real estate taxes are expensed as incurred. Land acquisition and development costs are allocated to individual lots using an average lot cost determined based on the total expected land acquisition and development costs and the total expected home closings for the community. The specific identification method is used to accumulate home construction costs.
Cost of revenues includes the construction cost, average lot cost, estimated warranty costs, and commissions and closing costs applicable to the home. The construction cost of the home includes amounts paid through the closing date of the home, plus an appropriate accrual for costs incurred but not yet paid, based on an analysis of budgeted construction costs. This accrual is reviewed for accuracy based on actual payments made after closing compared with the amount accrued, and adjustments are made if needed. Total community land acquisition and development costs are based on an analysis of budgeted costs compared with actual costs incurred to date and estimates to complete. The development cycles for our communities range from under one year to in excess of ten years for certain master planned communities. Adjustments to estimated total land acquisition and development costs for the community affect the amounts costed for the community’s remaining lots. See Note 4.
Land option agreements
In the ordinary course of business, we enter into land option agreements in order to procure land for the construction of homes in the future. Pursuant to these land option agreements, we generally provide a deposit to the seller as consideration for the right to purchase land at different times in the future, usually at predetermined prices. Such contracts enable us to defer acquiring portions of properties owned by third parties or unconsolidated entities until we have determined whether and when to exercise our option, which reduces our financial risks associated with long-term land holdings. Option deposits and pre-acquisition costs (such as environmental testing, surveys, engineering, and entitlement costs) are capitalized if the costs are directly identifiable with the land under option, the costs would be capitalized if we owned the land, and acquisition of the property is probable. Such costs are reflected in other assets and are reclassified to inventory upon taking title to the land. We write off deposits and pre-acquisition costs when it becomes probable that we will not go forward with the project or recover the capitalized costs. Such decisions take into consideration changes in local market conditions, the timing of required land takedowns, the availability and best use of necessary incremental capital, and other factors. We record these write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs within other expense (income), net. See Note 4.
If the entity holding the land under option is a variable interest entity (“VIE”), our deposit represents a variable interest in that entity. If we are determined to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE, we are required to consolidate the VIE. Certain of our land option agreements are with entities considered VIEs. In evaluating whether we are required to consolidate a VIE, we take into consideration that the VIE is generally protected from the first dollar of loss under our land option agreement due to our deposit. Likewise, the VIE's gains are generally capped based on the purchase price within the land option agreement. However, we generally have little control or influence over the operations of these VIEs due to our lack of an equity interest in them. Additionally, creditors of the VIE have no recourse against us, and we do not provide financial or other support to these VIEs other than as stipulated in the land option agreements. Our maximum exposure to loss related to these VIEs is generally limited to our deposits and pre-acquisition costs under the applicable land option agreements. Historically, we have canceled a considerable number of land option agreements, which has resulted in write-offs of the related deposits and pre-acquisition costs but did not expose us to the overall risks or losses of the applicable VIEs. No VIEs required consolidation at either December 31, 2012 or December 31, 2011.
Separately, certain land option agreements represent financing arrangements even though we generally have no obligation to pay these future amounts. As a result, we recorded $31.1 million and $24.9 million at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, to land, not owned, under option agreements with a corresponding increase to accrued and other liabilities. Such amounts represent the remaining purchase price under the land option agreements, some of which are with VIEs, in the event we exercise the purchase rights under the agreements.
55

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
The following provides a summary of our interests in land option agreements as of December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 ($000’s omitted):

| December 31, 2012 |  | December 31, 2011
| Deposits and Pre-acquisition Costs |  | Remaining Purchase Price |  | Land, Not Owned, Under Option Agreements |  | Deposits and Pre-acquisition Costs |  | Remaining Purchase Price |  | Land, Not Owned, Under Option Agreements
Consolidated VIEs | $ | 5,216 |  |  | $ | 8,590 |  |  | $ | 8,590 |  |  | $ | 2,781 |  |  | $ | 5,957 |  |  | $ | 3,837 |
Unconsolidated VIEs | 24,078 |  |  | 360,495 |  |  | — |  |  | 21,180 |  |  | 240,958 |  |  | — |
Other land option agreements | 40,822 |  |  | 554,307 |  |  | 22,476 |  |  | 33,086 |  |  | 451,079 |  |  | 21,068 |
| $ | 70,116 |  |  | $ | 923,392 |  |  | $ | 31,066 |  |  | $ | 57,047 |  |  | $ | 697,994 |  |  | $ | 24,905 |

Land held for sale
We periodically elect to sell parcels of land to third parties in the event such assets no longer fit into our strategic operating plans or are zoned for commercial or other development. Land held for sale is recorded at the lower of cost or fair value less costs to sell. See Note 4.
Start-up costs
Costs and expenses associated with opening new communities in existing markets are expensed when incurred.
Allowance for warranties
Home purchasers are provided with a limited warranty against certain building defects. We estimate the costs to be incurred under these warranties and record a liability in the amount of such costs at the time the product revenue is recognized.
Self-insured risks
We maintain, and require the majority of our subcontractors to maintain, general liability insurance coverage, including coverage for certain construction defects. We also maintain property, errors and omissions, workers compensation, and other business insurance coverage. These insurance policies protect us against a portion of the risk of loss from claims, subject to certain self-insured per occurrence and aggregate retentions, deductibles, and available policy limits. However, we retain a significant portion of the overall risk for such claims. We reserve for these costs on an undiscounted basis at the time product revenue is recognized for each home closing and evaluate the recorded liabilities based on actuarial analyses of our historical claims, which include estimates of claims incurred but not yet reported. Adjustments to estimated reserves are recorded in the period in which the change in estimate occurs. In certain instances, we have the ability to recover a portion of our costs under various insurance policies or from its subcontractors or other third parties. Estimates of such amounts are recorded when recovery is considered probable. See Note 13.
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale
Substantially all of the loans originated by us are sold in the secondary mortgage market within a short period of time after origination. In accordance with ASC 825, “Financial Instruments” (“ASC 825”), we use the fair value option for residential mortgage loans available-for-sale. Election of the fair value option for these loans allows a better offset of the changes in fair values of the loans and the derivative instruments used to economically hedge them without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. We do not designate any derivative instruments as hedges or apply the hedge accounting provisions of ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging.” See Note 13 for discussion of the risks retained related to mortgage loan originations.
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PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Expected gains and losses from the sale of residential mortgage loans and their related servicing rights are included in the measurement of written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through Financial Services revenues at the time of commitment. Subsequent changes in the fair value of these loans are reflected in Financial Services revenues as they occur. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, residential mortgage loans available-for-sale had an aggregate fair value of $318.9 million and $258.1 million, respectively, and an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $305.3 million and $248.2 million, respectively. The net gain (loss) resulting from changes in fair value of these loans totaled $(0.2) million and $(0.4) million for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. These changes in fair value were substantially offset by changes in fair value of the corresponding hedging instruments. Net gains from the sale of mortgages during 2012, 2011, and 2010 were $109.2 million, $59.1 million, and $66.0 million, respectively, and have been included in Financial Services revenues.
Mortgage servicing rights
We sell the servicing rights for the loans we originate through fixed price servicing sales contracts to reduce the risks and costs inherent in servicing loans. This strategy results in owning the servicing rights for only a short period of time. We recognize the fair value of our rights to service a mortgage loan as revenue at the time of entering into an interest rate lock commitment with a borrower. Due to the short period of time the servicing rights are held, we do not amortize the servicing asset. The servicing sales contracts provide for the reimbursement of payments made by the purchaser if loans prepay within specified periods of time, generally within 90 to 120 days after sale. We establish reserves for this liability at the time the sale is recorded. Such reserves were immaterial at December 31, 2012 and 2011 and are included in accrued and other liabilities.
Loans held for investment
We originate interim financing mortgage loans for certain customers and also have a portfolio of loans that either have been repurchased from investors or were not saleable upon closing. These loans are carried at cost and are reviewed for impairment when recoverability becomes doubtful. Loans held for investment are included in other assets and totaled $1.3 million and $2.4 million (net of reserves of $1.4 million and $1.9 million) at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Interest income on mortgage loans
Interest income on mortgage loans is recorded in Financial Services revenues, accrued from the date a mortgage loan is originated until the loan is sold, and totaled $6.0 million, $5.0 million, and $5.8 million in 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. Loans are placed on non-accrual status once they become greater than 90 days past due their contractual terms. Subsequent payments received are applied according to the contractual terms of the loan. Mortgage discounts are not amortized as interest income due to the short period the loans are held until sale to third party investors.
Mortgage servicing, origination, and commitment fees
Mortgage servicing fees represent fees earned for servicing loans for various investors. Servicing fees are based on a contractual percentage of the outstanding principal balance, or a contracted set fee in the case of certain sub-servicing arrangements, and are credited to income when related mortgage payments are received or the sub-servicing fees are earned. Loan origination costs related to residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are recognized as incurred in Financial Services expenses while the associated mortgage origination fees are recognized in Financial Services revenues as earned, generally upon loan closing.
Title services
Revenues associated with our title operations are recognized within Financial Services revenues as closing services are rendered and title insurance policies are issued, both of which generally occur as each home is closed.
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PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Derivative instruments and hedging activities
We are exposed to market risks from commitments to lend, movements in interest rates, and canceled or modified commitments to lend. A commitment to lend at a specific interest rate (an interest rate lock commitment) is a derivative financial instrument (interest rate is locked to the borrower). In order to reduce these risks, we use other derivative financial instruments, principally cash forward placement contracts on mortgage-backed securities and whole loan investor commitments, to economically hedge the interest rate lock commitment. We enter into these derivative financial instruments based upon our portfolio of interest rate lock commitments and closed loans. We do not use any derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.
At December 31, 2012 and 2011, we had interest rate lock commitments in the total amount of $161.6 million and $97.6 million, respectively, which were originated at interest rates prevailing at the date of commitment. Since we can terminate a loan commitment if the borrower does not comply with the terms of the contract, and some loan commitments may expire without being drawn upon, these commitments do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. We evaluate the creditworthiness of these transactions through our normal credit policies.
Forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities are commitments to either purchase or sell a specified financial instrument at a specified future date for a specified price and may be settled in cash, by offsetting the position, or through the delivery of the financial instrument. Forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities are the predominant derivative financial instruments we use to minimize market risk during the period from the time we extend an interest rate lock to a loan applicant until the time the loan is sold to an investor. We also use whole loan investor commitments, which are obligations of the investor to buy loans from us at a specified price within a specified time period. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, we had unexpired forward contracts of $428.0 million and $311.5 million, respectively, and whole loan investor commitments of $4.7 million and $1.6 million, respectively. Changes in the fair value of interest rate lock commitments and other derivative financial instruments are recognized in Financial Services revenues, and the fair values are reflected in other assets or other liabilities, as applicable.
There are no credit-risk-related contingent features within our derivative agreements, and counterparty risk is considered minimal. Gains and losses on interest rate lock commitments are substantially offset by corresponding gains or losses on forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities and whole loan investor commitments. We are generally not exposed to variability in cash flows of derivative instruments for more than approximately 60 days.
The fair values of derivative instruments and their locations in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are summarized below ($000’s omitted):

| December 31, 2012 |  | December 31, 2011
| Other Assets |  | Other Liabilities |  | Other Assets |  | Other Liabilities
Interest rate lock commitments | $ | 6,045 |  |  | $ | 24 |  |  | $ | 3,552 |  |  | $ | 1 |
Forward contracts | 245 |  |  | 891 |  |  | 44 |  |  | 3,514 |
Whole loan commitments | 30 |  |  | 85 |  |  | 52 |  |  | 41 |
| $ | 6,320 |  |  | $ | 1,000 |  |  | $ | 3,648 |  |  | $ | 3,556 |

New accounting pronouncements
In May 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement” (“ASU 2011-04”), which amended Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 820 to clarify existing guidance and minimize differences between U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). ASU 2011-04 requires entities to provide information about valuation techniques and unobservable inputs used in Level 3 fair value measurements and provide additional disclosures for classes of assets and liabilities disclosed at fair value. We adopted ASU 2011-04 as of January 1, 2012, which did not have a material impact on our financial statements.
In June 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05, “Statement of Comprehensive Income” (“ASU 2011-05”), which requires entities to present net income and other comprehensive income in either a single continuous statement or in two separate, but consecutive, statements of net income and other comprehensive income. ASU 2011-05 was effective for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2012. The standard did not impact our reported results of operations but did impact our financial statement presentation. We now present items of other
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PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
comprehensive income in the Statement of Consolidated Comprehensive Income rather than in the Statement of Shareholders' Equity.
In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-11, “Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities" ("ASU 2011-11"), which requires entities to disclose information about offsetting and related arrangements of financial instruments and derivative instruments. The guidance is effective for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2013 and is to be applied retrospectively. The adoption of this guidance, which is related to disclosure only, is not expected to have a material impact on our financial statements.
In July 2012, the FASB issued ASU 2012-02, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other,” which provides the option to perform a qualitative, rather than quantitative, assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired. If the asset is considered impaired, an entity is required to perform the quantitative assessment under the existing guidance. The guidance is effective for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2013. The adoption of this guidance, which is intended to simplify the impairment testing, is not expected to have a material impact on our financial statements.
2. Goodwill
Goodwill was recorded in connection with various acquisitions but was written-off as of December 31, 2011. We evaluated the recoverability of goodwill by comparing the carrying value of our reporting units to their fair value. Fair value was determined using discounted cash flows supplemented by market-based assessments of fair value, and impairment was measured as the difference between the resulting implied fair value of goodwill and its recorded carrying value. The determination of fair value was significantly impacted by estimates related to current market valuations, current and future economic conditions in each of our geographical markets, and our strategic plans within each of our markets.
In the third quarters of both 2011 and 2010, we performed event-driven assessments of the recoverability of goodwill. These assessments were necessary primarily due to sustained declines in our market capitalization. In performing the goodwill impairment analyses, we followed similar approaches using management's estimates of the future cash flows for each reporting unit, which were required to consider the decrease in our market capitalization. The results of these analyses determined that goodwill impairment charges of $240.5 million and $654.9 million in the third quarters of 2011 and 2010, respectively, were required. In the second quarter of 2010, we also recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $1.4 million in conjunction with the completion of business combination accounting for the Centex merger and disposed of $1.6 million of goodwill in connection with the sale of the retail title operations acquired with the Centex merger.
Activity in our goodwill balances by reporting segment consisted of the following ($000's omitted):

| Reporting Segment |  |
| Northeast |  | Southeast |  | Florida |  | Texas |  | North |  | Southwest |  | Financial Services |  | Total Goodwill
December 31, 2009 | — |  |  | 327,033 |  |  | 5,465 |  |  | 347,969 |  |  | 160,095 |  |  | 53,763 |  |  | 1,593 |  |  | 895,918 |
Additions | 494 |  |  | 610 |  |  | 79 |  |  | 600 |  |  | 468 |  |  | 263 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,514 |
Impairments | (494 | ) |  | (267,149 | ) |  | (5,544 | ) |  | (256,474 | ) |  | (95,207 | ) |  | (31,430 | ) |  | — |  |  | (656,298 | )
Disposals | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,593 | ) |  | (1,593 | )
December 31, 2010 | — |  |  | 60,494 |  |  | — |  |  | 92,095 |  |  | 65,356 |  |  | 22,596 |  |  | — |  |  | 240,541 |
Impairments | — |  |  | (60,494 | ) |  | — |  |  | (92,095 | ) |  | (65,356 | ) |  | (22,596 | ) |  | — |  |  | (240,541 | )
December 31, 2011 | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

Our accumulated goodwill impairment losses totaled $1.8 billion at December 31, 2012. This includes goodwill and impairments associated with the Centex merger as well as goodwill and impairments associated with previous acquisitions. The goodwill associated with such previous acquisitions was fully impaired as of December 31, 2009. Goodwill impairment charges are reflected in other expense (income), net.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
3. Restructuring
We periodically take actions to reduce ongoing operating costs and improve operating efficiencies. As a result of these actions, we incurred total restructuring charges as summarized below ($000’s omitted):

| Total Restructuring Actions
| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Employee severance benefits | $ | 4,481 |  |  | $ | 10,841 |  |  | $ | 24,850 |
Lease exit costs | 5,702 |  |  | 5,923 |  |  | 27,356 |
Other | 2,057 |  |  | 4,089 |  |  | 3,929 |
| $ | 12,240 |  |  | $ | 20,853 |  |  | $ | 56,135 |

Of the total restructuring costs reflected in the above table, $0.5 million in 2012, $1.2 million in 2011, and $5.4 million in 2010 are classified within Financial Services expenses. All other employee severance benefits are included within selling, general and administrative expense while lease exit and other costs are included in other expense (income), net. The remaining liability for employee severance benefits and exited leases totaled $1.0 million and $23.0 million, respectively, at December 31, 2012 and $2.6 million and $29.7 million, respectively, at December 31, 2011. Substantially all of the remaining liability for employee severance benefits will be paid within the next year, while cash expenditures related to the remaining liability for lease exit costs will be incurred over the remaining terms of the applicable office leases, which generally extend several years. The restructuring costs relate to various reportable segments and did not materially impact the comparability of any one segment.
4. Inventory and land held for sale
Major components of inventory at December 31, 2012 and 2011 were ($000’s omitted):

| 2012 |  | 2011
Homes under construction | $ | 1,116,184 |  |  | $ | 1,210,717 |
Land under development | 2,435,378 |  |  | 2,610,501 |
Raw land | 662,484 |  |  | 815,250 |
| $ | 4,214,046 |  |  | $ | 4,636,468 |

We capitalize interest cost into inventory during the active development and construction of our communities. Each layer of capitalized interest is amortized over a period that approximates the average life of communities under development. Interest expense is recorded based on the cyclical timing of home closings. During 2012 and 2011, we capitalized all Homebuilding interest costs into inventory because the level of our active inventory exceeded our debt levels. During 2010, we capitalized all Homebuilding interest costs into inventory except $1.5 million that was expensed directly to interest expense due to our debt levels exceeding our active inventory levels for a portion of the year.
Information related to interest capitalized into inventory is as follows ($000’s omitted):

| Years Ended December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Interest in inventory, beginning of period | $ | 355,068 |  |  | $ | 323,379 |  |  | $ | 239,365 |
Interest capitalized | 201,103 |  |  | 221,071 |  |  | 264,932 |
Interest expensed (a) | (224,291 | ) |  | (189,382 | ) |  | (180,918 | )
Interest in inventory, end of period | $ | 331,880 |  |  | $ | 355,068 |  |  | $ | 323,379 |
Interest incurred (b) | $ | 201,103 |  |  | $ | 221,071 |  |  | $ | 266,474 |

(a) | Interest expensed to Homebuilding cost of revenues for 2012, 2011, and 2010 included $6.5 million, $5.4 million, and $27.6 million, respectively, of capitalized interest related to inventory impairments.

(b) | Homebuilding interest incurred includes interest on senior debt and certain other financing arrangements.

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PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Land valuation adjustments and write-offs
Impairment of inventory
We record valuation adjustments on land inventory and related communities under development when events and circumstances indicate that they may be impaired and when the cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than their carrying amounts. Such indicators include gross margin or sales paces significantly below expectations, construction costs or land development costs significantly in excess of budgeted amounts, significant delays or changes in the planned development for the community, and other known qualitative factors. For communities that are not yet active, an additional consideration includes an evaluation of the probability, timing, and cost of obtaining necessary approvals from local municipalities and any potential concessions that may be necessary in order to obtain such approvals. We also consider potential changes to the product offerings in a community and any alternative strategies for the land, such as the sale of the land either in whole or in parcels. Communities that demonstrate potential impairment indicators are tested for impairment. We compare the expected undiscounted cash flows for these communities to their carrying value. For those communities whose carrying values exceed the expected undiscounted cash flows, we estimate the fair value of the community. Impairment charges are required to be recorded if the fair value of the community's inventory is less than its carrying value.
We determine the fair value of a community's inventory using a combination of market comparable land transactions, where available, and discounted cash flow models. These estimated cash flows are significantly impacted by estimates related to expected average selling prices, expected sales paces, expected land development and construction timelines, and anticipated land development, construction, and overhead costs. The assumptions used in the discounted cash flow models are specific to each community tested for impairment. Due to uncertainties in the estimation process, the significant volatility in demand for new housing, and the long life cycles of many communities, actual results could differ significantly from such estimates. Our determination of fair value also requires discounting the estimated cash flows at a rate commensurate with the inherent risks associated with each of the assets and related estimated cash flow streams. The discount rate used in determining each community's fair value depends on the stage of development of the community and other specific factors that increase or decrease the inherent risks associated with the community's cash flow streams. For example, communities that are entitled and near completion will generally be assigned a lower discount rate than communities that are not entitled and consist of multiple phases spanning several years of development and construction activity.
In 2012, we reviewed each of our land positions for potential impairment indicators and performed detailed impairment calculations for 35 communities. As discussed above, determining the fair value of a community's inventory involves a number of variables, many of which are interrelated. The table below summarizes certain quantitative unobservable inputs utilized in determining the fair value of impaired communities during 2012:

Unobservable input | Range
Average selling price ($000s) | $139 | - | $626
Sales pace per quarter (units) | 1 | - | 9
Discount rate | 12% | - | 16%

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
The table below provides, as of the date indicated, the number of communities for which we recognized impairment charges, the fair value of those communities at such date (net of impairment charges), and the amount of impairment charges recognized ($000’s omitted):

| 2012 |  | 2011
Quarter Ended | Number of Communities Impaired |  | Fair Value of Communities Impaired, Net of Impairment Charges |  | Impairment Charges |  | Number of Communities Impaired |  | Fair Value of Communities Impaired, Net of Impairment Charges |  | Impairment Charges
March 31 | 4 |  |  | $ | 7,468 |  |  | $ | 4,514 |  |  | 1 |  |  | $ | 483 |  |  | $ | 103 |
June 30 | 4 |  |  | 16,311 |  |  | 2,796 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 6,665 |  |  | 3,300 |
September 30 | 4 |  |  | 6,172 |  |  | 2,263 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 6,416 |  |  | 1,494 |
December 31 | 5 |  |  | 11,243 |  |  | 3,864 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 23,766 |  |  | 11,043 |
|  |  |  |  | $ | 13,437 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 15,940 |

We recorded these valuation adjustments within Homebuilding home sale cost of revenues.
Our evaluations for impairments were based on our best estimates of the future cash flows for our communities. However, if conditions in the homebuilding industry or our local markets worsen in the future or if our strategy related to certain communities changes, we may be required to evaluate our assets for future impairments or write-downs, which could result in future charges that might be significant.
Net realizable value adjustments – land held for sale
Land held for sale is valued at the lower of carrying value or fair value less costs to sell. In determining the fair value of land held for sale, we consider recent offers received, prices for land in recent comparable sales transactions, and other factors. During 2012, 2011, and 2010, we recognized net realizable value adjustments related to land held for sale of $1.5 million, $9.8 million, and $39.1 million, respectively. We record these net realizable value adjustments within Homebuilding land sale cost of revenues. Land held for sale at December 31, 2012 and 2011 was as follows ($000’s omitted):

| 2012 |  | 2011
Land held for sale, gross | $ | 135,201 |  |  | $ | 190,099 |
Net realizable value reserves | (44,097 | ) |  | (54,792 | )
Land held for sale, net | $ | 91,104 |  |  | $ | 135,307 |

Write-off of deposits and pre-acquisition costs
We wrote off (net of recoveries) deposits and pre-acquisition costs in the amount of $2.3 million, $10.0 million, and $5.6 million, during 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. We record these write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs within other expense (income), net.
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PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
5. Segment information
Our Homebuilding operations are engaged in the acquisition and development of land primarily for residential purposes within the U.S. and the construction of housing on such land. Home sale revenues for detached and attached homes were $3.6 billion and $925.4 million in 2012, $3.1 billion and $841.3 million in 2011, and $3.5 billion and $936.6 million in 2010, respectively. For reporting purposes, our Homebuilding operations are aggregated into six reportable segments:

Northeast: |  | Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia
Southeast: |  | Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee
Florida: |  | Florida
Texas: |  | Texas
North: |  | Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Northern California, Ohio, Oregon, Washington
Southwest: |  | Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Southern California

We also have a reportable segment for our Financial Services operations, which consist principally of mortgage banking and title operations. The Financial Services segment operates generally in the same markets as the Homebuilding segments.
Evaluation of segment performance is generally based on income before income taxes. Each reportable segment generally follows the same accounting policies described in Note 1 "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" to the consolidated financial statements.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

| Operating Data by Segment ($000’s omitted) Years Ended December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | 755,148 |  |  | $ | 717,839 |  |  | $ | 760,403 |
Southeast | 691,113 |  |  | 675,904 |  |  | 752,702 |
Florida | 628,997 |  |  | 571,102 |  |  | 547,647 |
Texas | 682,929 |  |  | 631,419 |  |  | 643,365 |
North | 1,022,633 |  |  | 740,372 |  |  | 863,512 |
Southwest | 878,290 |  |  | 696,960 |  |  | 879,998 |
| 4,659,110 |  |  | 4,033,596 |  |  | 4,447,627 |
Financial Services | 160,888 |  |  | 103,094 |  |  | 121,663 |
Consolidated revenues | $ | 4,819,998 |  |  | $ | 4,136,690 |  |  | $ | 4,569,290 |
Income (loss) before income taxes: |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | 73,345 |  |  | $ | 29,320 |  |  | $ | 34,619 |
Southeast | 64,678 |  |  | 45,060 |  |  | 23,454 |
Florida | 73,472 |  |  | 44,946 |  |  | (51,995 | )
Texas | 60,979 |  |  | 33,329 |  |  | 16,026 |
North | 84,597 |  |  | (12,376 | ) |  | 571 |
Southwest | 79,887 |  |  | 36,647 |  |  | (64,140 | )
Other homebuilding (a) | (278,967 | ) |  | (452,756 | ) |  | (1,198,690 | )
| 157,991 |  |  | (275,830 | ) |  | (1,240,155 | )
Financial Services (b) | 25,563 |  |  | (34,470 | ) |  | 5,609 |
Consolidated income (loss) before income taxes | $ | 183,554 |  |  | $ | (310,300 | ) |  | $ | (1,234,546 | )

(a) | Other homebuilding includes the amortization of intangible assets, goodwill impairment, amortization of capitalized interest, loss on debt retirements and other costs not allocated to the operating segments.

(b) | Financial Services income (loss) before income taxes includes interest expense of $0.5 million, $0.0 million, and $1.6 million for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, and interest income of $6.0 million, $5.0 million, and $5.8 million for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

| Land-Related Charges by Segment ($000's omitted) Years Ended December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Land and community valuation adjustments: |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | 798 |  |  | $ | 534 |  |  | $ | 4,907 |
Southeast | 389 |  |  | 902 |  |  | 11,122 |
Florida | — |  |  | — |  |  | 56,445 |
Texas | — |  |  | 260 |  |  | 4,589 |
North | 3,972 |  |  | 8,802 |  |  | 27,732 |
Southwest | 1,810 |  |  | — |  |  | 36,797 |
Other homebuilding (a) | 6,468 |  |  | 5,442 |  |  | 28,130 |
| $ | 13,437 |  |  | $ | 15,940 |  |  | $ | 169,722 |
Net realizable value adjustments (NRV) - land held for sale: |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | — |  |  | $ | 720 |  |  | $ | — |
Southeast | 350 |  |  | 446 |  |  | — |
Florida | 49 |  |  | 3,692 |  |  | 366 |
Texas | 423 |  |  | 153 |  |  | 1,484 |
North | 311 |  |  | 3,552 |  |  | 197 |
Southwest | 347 |  |  | 1,281 |  |  | 37,081 |
| $ | 1,480 |  |  | $ | 9,844 |  |  | $ | 39,128 |
Write-off of deposits and pre-acquisition costs (b): |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | 996 |  |  | $ | 3,704 |  |  | $ | (672 | )
Southeast | 624 |  |  | 1,081 |  |  | 3,019 |
Florida | 165 |  |  | 307 |  |  | 22 |
Texas | 133 |  |  | 415 |  |  | 741 |
North | 263 |  |  | 2,513 |  |  | 147 |
Southwest | 97 |  |  | 1,982 |  |  | 2,337 |
| $ | 2,278 |  |  | $ | 10,002 |  |  | $ | 5,594 |
Impairments of investments in unconsolidated joint ventures: |  |  |  |  |
Southwest | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,908 |
| $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,908 |
Total land-related charges | $ | 17,195 |  |  | $ | 35,786 |  |  | $ | 216,352 |

(a) | Primarily write-offs of capitalized interest related to land and community valuation adjustments.

(b) | Includes settlements related to costs previously in dispute and considered non-recoverable.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

| Operating Data by Segment ($000's omitted) Years Ended December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Depreciation and amortization: |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | 1,790 |  |  | $ | 1,820 |  |  | $ | 1,954 |
Southeast | 1,028 |  |  | 1,414 |  |  | 2,904 |
Florida | 1,640 |  |  | 2,045 |  |  | 2,031 |
Texas | 1,619 |  |  | 2,002 |  |  | 2,027 |
North | 1,709 |  |  | 1,614 |  |  | 1,883 |
Southwest | 3,143 |  |  | 3,076 |  |  | 5,075 |
Other homebuilding (a) | 16,168 |  |  | 17,329 |  |  | 25,817 |
| 27,097 |  |  | 29,300 |  |  | 41,691 |
Financial Services | 2,930 |  |  | 2,798 |  |  | 3,969 |
| $ | 30,027 |  |  | $ | 32,098 |  |  | $ | 45,660 |

(a) | Other homebuilding includes amortization of intangible assets.

| Operating Data by Segment ($000's omitted) Years Ended December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities (a): |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | (4 | ) |  | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | (209 | )
Southeast | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Florida | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,326 | )
Texas | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
North | (1,497 | ) |  | (121 | ) |  | (1,580 | )
Southwest | (1,137 | ) |  | (2,561 | ) |  | 197 |
Other homebuilding | (1,235 | ) |  | (527 | ) |  | 75 |
| (3,873 | ) |  | (3,194 | ) |  | (2,843 | )
Financial Services | (186 | ) |  | (102 | ) |  | (68 | )
| $ | (4,059 | ) |  | $ | (3,296 | ) |  | $ | (2,911 | )

(a) | Includes impairments related to investments in unconsolidated joint ventures.

66

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

| Operating Data by Segment
| ($000's omitted)
| December 31, 2012
| Homes Under Construction |  | Land Under Development |  | Raw Land |  | Total Inventory |  | Total Assets
Northeast | $ | 198,549 |  |  | $ | 445,436 |  |  | $ | 109,136 |  |  | $ | 753,121 |  |  | $ | 866,024 |
Southeast | 147,227 |  |  | 286,210 |  |  | 120,193 |  |  | 553,630 |  |  | 590,650 |
Florida | 130,276 |  |  | 310,625 |  |  | 100,633 |  |  | 541,534 |  |  | 620,220 |
Texas | 145,594 |  |  | 256,704 |  |  | 54,556 |  |  | 456,854 |  |  | 523,843 |
North | 219,172 |  |  | 369,144 |  |  | 46,414 |  |  | 634,730 |  |  | 680,447 |
Southwest | 226,204 |  |  | 496,488 |  |  | 167,295 |  |  | 889,987 |  |  | 963,540 |
Other homebuilding (a) | 49,162 |  |  | 270,771 |  |  | 64,257 |  |  | 384,190 |  |  | 2,140,739 |
| 1,116,184 |  |  | 2,435,378 |  |  | 662,484 |  |  | 4,214,046 |  |  | 6,385,463 |
Financial Services | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 348,946 |
| $ | 1,116,184 |  |  | $ | 2,435,378 |  |  | $ | 662,484 |  |  | $ | 4,214,046 |  |  | $ | 6,734,409 |
| December 31, 2011
| Homes Under Construction |  | Land Under Development |  | Raw Land |  | Total Inventory |  | Total Assets
Northeast | $ | 237,722 |  |  | $ | 457,010 |  |  | $ | 119,549 |  |  | $ | 814,281 |  |  | $ | 957,844 |
Southeast | 166,302 |  |  | 315,208 |  |  | 123,209 |  |  | 604,719 |  |  | 626,506 |
Florida | 137,900 |  |  | 321,841 |  |  | 110,040 |  |  | 569,781 |  |  | 637,418 |
Texas | 136,325 |  |  | 294,814 |  |  | 77,125 |  |  | 508,264 |  |  | 568,974 |
North | 268,011 |  |  | 360,202 |  |  | 91,260 |  |  | 719,473 |  |  | 803,174 |
Southwest | 216,067 |  |  | 577,656 |  |  | 216,554 |  |  | 1,010,277 |  |  | 1,099,058 |
Other homebuilding (a) | 48,390 |  |  | 283,770 |  |  | 77,513 |  |  | 409,673 |  |  | 1,904,847 |
| 1,210,717 |  |  | 2,610,501 |  |  | 815,250 |  |  | 4,636,468 |  |  | 6,597,821 |
Financial Services | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 287,799 |
| $ | 1,210,717 |  |  | $ | 2,610,501 |  |  | $ | 815,250 |  |  | $ | 4,636,468 |  |  | $ | 6,885,620 |
| December 31, 2010
| Homes Under Construction |  | Land Under Development |  | Raw Land |  | Total Inventory |  | Total Assets
Northeast | $ | 236,298 |  |  | $ | 460,789 |  |  | $ | 129,733 |  |  | $ | 826,820 |  |  | $ | 993,918 |
Southeast | 219,339 |  |  | 301,989 |  |  | 132,920 |  |  | 654,248 |  |  | 688,524 |
Florida | 161,461 |  |  | 256,238 |  |  | 153,814 |  |  | 571,513 |  |  | 701,910 |
Texas | 152,274 |  |  | 299,146 |  |  | 86,137 |  |  | 537,557 |  |  | 592,827 |
North | 271,501 |  |  | 333,958 |  |  | 112,629 |  |  | 718,088 |  |  | 780,367 |
Southwest | 246,926 |  |  | 629,302 |  |  | 216,478 |  |  | 1,092,706 |  |  | 1,186,618 |
Other homebuilding (a) | 43,819 |  |  | 260,407 |  |  | 76,655 |  |  | 380,881 |  |  | 2,532,223 |
| 1,331,618 |  |  | 2,541,829 |  |  | 908,366 |  |  | 4,781,813 |  |  | 7,476,387 |
Financial Services | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 222,989 |
| $ | 1,331,618 |  |  | $ | 2,541,829 |  |  | $ | 908,366 |  |  | $ | 4,781,813 |  |  | $ | 7,699,376 |

(a) | Other homebuilding primarily includes capitalized interest, cash and equivalents, goodwill, income taxes receivable, intangibles, and other corporate items that are not allocated to the operating segments.

67

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
6. Investments in unconsolidated entities
We participate in a number of joint ventures with independent third parties. Many of these joint ventures purchase, develop, and/or sell land and homes in the U.S. and Puerto Rico. A summary of our joint ventures is presented below ($000’s omitted):

| December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2011
Investments in joint ventures with debt non-recourse to PulteGroup | 11,155 |  |  | 11,453 |
Investments in other active joint ventures | 34,474 |  |  | 24,535 |
Total investments in unconsolidated entities | $ | 45,629 |  |  | $ | 35,988 |
Total joint venture debt | $ | 6,915 |  |  | $ | 11,107 |
PulteGroup proportionate share of joint venture debt: |  |  |
Joint venture debt with limited recourse guaranties | $ | 769 |  |  | $ | 1,202 |
Joint venture debt non-recourse to PulteGroup | 826 |  |  | 2,009 |
PulteGroup's total proportionate share of joint venture debt | $ | 1,595 |  |  | $ | 3,211 |

In 2012, 2011, and 2010, we recognized (income) expense from unconsolidated joint ventures of $(4.1) million, $(3.3) million, and $(2.9) million, respectively. The income recognized during 2010 includes impairments totaling $1.9 million. During 2012, 2011, and 2010, we made capital contributions of $16.5 million, $4.6 million, and $22.9 million, respectively, and received capital and earnings distributions of $10.5 million, $11.6 million, and $9.7 million, respectively.
The timing of cash obligations under the joint venture and any related financing agreements varies by agreement. If additional capital contributions are required and approved, we would need to contribute our pro rata portion of those capital needs in order to not dilute our ownership in the joint ventures. While future capital contributions may be required, we believe the total amount of such contributions will be limited. Our maximum financial loss exposure related to joint ventures is unlikely to exceed the combined investment and limited recourse guaranty totals.
68

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
7. Debt
Our senior notes are summarized as follows ($000’s omitted):

| December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2011
5.45% unsecured senior notes due August 2012 (a) | — |  |  | 96,795 |
6.25% unsecured senior notes due February 2013 (a) | — |  |  | 62,677 |
5.125% unsecured senior notes due October 2013 (a) | — |  |  | 117,197 |
5.25% unsecured senior notes due January 2014 (a) | 187,970 |  |  | 255,882 |
5.70% unsecured senior notes due May 2014 (a) | 208,274 |  |  | 311,900 |
5.20% unsecured senior notes due February 2015 (a) | 95,615 |  |  | 207,906 |
5.25% unsecured senior notes due June 2015 (a) | 264,058 |  |  | 270,551 |
6.50% unsecured senior notes due May 2016 (a) | 457,154 |  |  | 469,147 |
7.625% unsecured senior notes due October 2017 (b) | 149,481 |  |  | 149,373 |
7.875% unsecured senior notes due June 2032 (a) | 299,152 |  |  | 299,108 |
6.375% unsecured senior notes due May 2033 (a) | 398,492 |  |  | 398,418 |
6.00% unsecured senior notes due February 2035 (a) | 299,417 |  |  | 299,390 |
7.375% unsecured senior notes due June 2046 (a) | 150,000 |  |  | 150,000 |
Total senior notes – carrying value (c) | $ | 2,509,613 |  |  | $ | 3,088,344 |
Estimated fair value | $ | 2,663,451 |  |  | $ | 2,765,151 |

(a) | Redeemable prior to maturity; guaranteed on a senior basis by certain wholly-owned subsidiaries.

(b) | Not redeemable prior to maturity; guaranteed on a senior basis by certain wholly-owned subsidiaries.

(c) | The recorded carrying value reflects the impact of various discounts and premiums that are amortized to interest cost over the respective terms of the senior notes.

Refer to Note 14 for supplemental consolidating financial information of the Company.
The indentures governing the senior notes impose certain restrictions on the incurrence of additional debt along with other limitations. At December 31, 2012, we were in compliance with all of the covenants and requirements under the senior notes.
Total senior note principal maturities of $2.5 billion during the five years after 2012 are as follows: 2013 - $0.0 million; 2014 - $398.9 million; 2015 - $369.2 million; 2016 - $465.2 million; 2017 - $150.0 million; and thereafter - $1.2 billion.
Debt retirement
During the last three years, we significantly reduced our outstanding senior notes through a variety of transactions, including scheduled maturities, open market repurchases, early redemptions as provided within indenture agreements, and tender offers. As a result of these transactions, we reduced our outstanding senior notes by $592.4 million, $323.9 million, and $898.5 million during 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, and recorded losses totaling $32.1 million, $5.6 million, and $38.9 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Losses on these transactions include the write-off of unamortized discounts, premiums, and transaction fees and are reflected in other expense (income), net.
69

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Letter of credit facilities
We maintain separate cash-collateralized letter of credit agreements with a number of financial institutions. Letters of credit totaling $54.5 million and $83.2 million were outstanding under these agreements at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Under these agreements, we are required to maintain deposits with the respective financial institutions in amounts approximating the letters of credit outstanding. Such deposits are included in restricted cash.
We also maintain an unsecured letter of credit facility with a bank that expires in September 2014. This facility originally permitted the issuance of up to $200.0 million of letters of credit for general corporate purposes in support of any wholly-owned subsidiary. We voluntarily reduced the capacity of this facility to $150.0 million effective July 2, 2012. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, $124.6 million and $152.7 million, respectively, of letters of credit were outstanding under this facility.
Financial Services
Pulte Mortgage provides mortgage financing for the majority of our home closings utilizing its own funds and funds made available pursuant to credit agreements with third party lenders or through intercompany borrowings. Pulte Mortgage uses these resources to finance its lending activities until the mortgage loans are sold to third party investors, generally within 30 days.
In September 2012, Pulte Mortgage entered into a Master Repurchase Agreement (the “Repurchase Agreement”) with third party lenders. The Repurchase Agreement provides for borrowings up to $150.0 million, subject to certain sublimits, and expires in September 2013. Borrowings under the Repurchase Agreement are secured by residential mortgage loans available-for-sale. The Repurchase Agreement contains various affirmative and negative covenants applicable to Pulte Mortgage, including quantitative thresholds related to net worth, net income, and liquidity. At December 31, 2012, Pulte Mortgage had $138.8 million outstanding and was in compliance with all of the covenants and requirements under the Repurchase Agreement. During 2010 and 2011, Pulte Mortgage funded its operations using internal Company resources after allowing the majority of its third party credit arrangements to expire during 2010.
The following is aggregate borrowing information for our mortgage operations as of each year-end ($000’s omitted):

| December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Available credit lines | $ | 150,000 |  |  | $ | 2,500 |  |  | $ | 2,500 |
Unused credit lines | $ | 11,205 |  |  | $ | 2,500 |  |  | $ | 2,500 |
Weighted-average interest rate | 3.00 | % |  | 4.50 | % |  | 4.50 | %

8. Shareholders’ equity
Pursuant to $100.0 million stock repurchase programs authorized by the Board of Directors in October 2002 and October 2005, and a $200.0 million stock repurchase authorization in February 2006 (for a total stock repurchase authorization of $400.0 million), we have repurchased a total of 9,688,900 shares for a total of $297.7 million, though there were no repurchases under these programs during 2012, 2011, or 2010. At December 31, 2012, we had remaining authorization to purchase $102.3 million of common stock.
Under our stock-based compensation plans, we accept shares as payment under certain conditions related to stock option exercises and vesting of restricted stock, generally related to the payment of minimum tax obligations. During 2012, 2011, and 2010, we repurchased $1.0 million, $2.8 million, and $4.0 million, respectively, of shares from employees under these plans. Such repurchases are excluded from the $400.0 million stock repurchase authorization.
70

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
9. Stock compensation plans
We maintain a stock award plan for both employees and for non-employee directors. Information related to the active plan as of December 31, 2012 is as follows:

Plan Name | Shares Authorized |  | Shares Available for Grant
PulteGroup, Inc. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan | 22,000,000 |  |  | 6,725,123 |

The plan provides for the grant of a variety of equity awards, including options (generally non-qualified options), restricted stock, performance shares, and restricted stock units ("RSUs") to key employees (as determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors) for periods not exceeding ten years. Options granted to employees generally vest incrementally over four years. Restricted stock generally cliff vests after three years. Performance shares vest upon attainment of the stated performance targets and minimum service requirements and are converted into shares of common stock upon distribution. RSUs represent the right to receive an equal number of shares of common stock and are converted into shares of common stock upon distribution.
Non-employee directors are entitled to an annual distribution of stock options, common stock, or restricted stock units. All options and RSUs granted to non-employee directors vest immediately and are exercisable on the grant date for ten years.
Our stock compensation expense for the three years ended December 31, 2012 is presented below ($000's omitted):

| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Stock options | $ | 2,617 |  |  | $ | 5,228 |  |  | $ | 15,030 |
Restricted stock | 8,919 |  |  | 11,231 |  |  | 17,051 |
Performance shares and RSUs | 1,158 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Long-term incentive plans | 10,203 |  |  | 511 |  |  | — |
| $ | 22,897 |  |  | 16,970 |  |  | 32,081 |

Stock options
A summary of stock option activity for the three years ended December 31, 2012 is presented below (000’s omitted except per share data):

| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
| Shares |  | Weighted- Average Per Share Exercise Price |  | Shares |  | Weighted- Average Per Share Exercise Price |  | Shares |  | Weighted- Average Per Share Exercise Price
Outstanding, beginning of year | 21,641 |  |  | $ | 21 |  |  | 24,004 |  |  | $ | 21 |  |  | 26,193 |  |  | $ | 21 |
Granted | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 441 |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | 1,128 |  |  | $ | 11 |
Exercised | (2,877 | ) |  | $ | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | (902 | ) |  | $ | 10 |
Forfeited | (1,616 | ) |  | $ | 27 |  |  | (2,804 | ) |  | $ | 15 |  |  | (2,415 | ) |  | $ | 21 |
Outstanding, end of year | 17,148 |  |  | $ | 22 |  |  | 21,641 |  |  | $ | 21 |  |  | 24,004 |  |  | $ | 21 |
Options exercisable at year end | 15,719 |  |  | $ | 23 |  |  | 18,845 |  |  | $ | 23 |  |  | 19,400 |  |  | $ | 23 |
Weighted-average per share fair value of options granted during the year | $ | — |  |  |  |  | $ | 4.46 |  |  |  |  | $ | 6.43 |  |  |

71

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
The following table summarizes information about the weighted-average remaining contractual lives of stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2012:

| Options Outstanding |  | Options Exercisable
| Number Outstanding (000's omitted) |  | Weighted- Average Remaining Contract Life (in years) |  | Weighted- Average Per Share Exercise Price |  | Number Exercisable (000's omitted) |  | Weighted- Average Per Share Exercise Price
$0.01 to $11.00 | 2,504 |  |  | 5.5 |  | $ | 10 |  |  | 2,063 |  |  | $ | 11 |
$11.01 to $18.00 | 4,989 |  |  | 6.4 |  | $ | 12 |  |  | 4,001 |  |  | $ | 12 |
$18.01 to $25.00 | 3,271 |  |  | 1.1 |  | $ | 22 |  |  | 3,271 |  |  | $ | 22 |
$25.01 to $35.00 | 3,894 |  |  | 3.0 |  | $ | 31 |  |  | 3,894 |  |  | $ | 31 |
$35.01 to $60.00 | 2,490 |  |  | 2.5 |  | $ | 42 |  |  | 2,490 |  |  | $ | 42 |
| 17,148 |  |  | 3.9 |  | $ | 22 |  |  | 15,719 |  |  | $ | 23 |

The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using primarily the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

| Weighted-Average Assumptions Year Ended December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Expected life of options in years | N/A |  | 6.2 |  |  | 6.0 |
Expected stock price volatility | N/A |  | 58 | % |  | 58 | %
Expected dividend yield | N/A |  | 0.0 | % |  | 0.0 | %
Risk-free interest rate | N/A |  | 2.7 | % |  | 2.7 | %

We estimate the expected life of stock options using employees’ historical exercise behavior and the contractual terms of the instruments. Volatility is estimated using historical volatility with consideration for implied volatility.
Total compensation cost related to non-vested stock option awards not yet recognized was $1.4 million at December 31, 2012. These costs will be expensed over a weighted-average vesting period of approximately one year. The stock option participant agreements provide continued vesting for certain eligible employees who have achieved a predetermined level of service based on their combined age and years of service. We record the related compensation cost for these awards over the period through the date the employee first achieves the minimum level of service that would no longer require them to provide services to earn the award, which is reflected in the weighted-average vesting period.
The intrinsic value of a stock option is the amount by which the market value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of the option. The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options that were exercised during 2012, 2011, and 2010 was $8.6 million, $0.0 million, and $1.8 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2012, options outstanding had an intrinsic value of $50.4 million, of which $39.6 million related to options exercisable.
72

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Restricted stock
A summary of restricted stock activity for the three years ended December 31, 2012 is presented below (000’s omitted, except per share data):

| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
| Shares |  | Weighted- Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value |  | Shares |  | Weighted- Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value |  | Shares |  | Weighted- Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at beginning of year | 2,322 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | 2,775 |  |  | $ | 12 |  |  | 3,539 |  |  | $ | 16 |
Granted | 1,154 |  |  | $ | 9 |  |  | 1,032 |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | 1,552 |  |  | $ | 11 |
Vested | (333 | ) |  | $ | 11 |  |  | (1,242 | ) |  | $ | 13 |  |  | (1,541 | ) |  | $ | 21 |
Forfeited | (137 | ) |  | $ | 10 |  |  | (243 | ) |  | $ | 11 |  |  | (775 | ) |  | $ | 12 |
Non-vested at end of year | 3,006 |  |  | $ | 9 |  |  | 2,322 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | 2,775 |  |  | $ | 12 |

During 2012, 2011, and 2010, the total fair value of shares vested during the year was $3.7 million, $15.9 million, and $32.2 million, respectively. Unamortized compensation cost related to restricted stock awards was $8.7 million at December 31, 2012. These costs will be expensed over a weighted-average period of approximately 2 years.
Performance shares and RSUs
A summary of performance share activity for the three years ended December 31, 2012 is presented below (000’s omitted, except per share data):

| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
| Shares |  | Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value |  | Shares |  | Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value |  | Shares |  | Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, beginning of year | 720 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | 140 |  |  | $ | 12 |  |  | 123 |  |  | $ | 12 |
Granted | 308 |  |  | $ | 13 |  |  | 772 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | 133 |  |  | $ | 12 |
Forfeited | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |
Distributed | (211 | ) |  | $ | 10 |  |  | (192 | ) |  | $ | 9 |  |  | (116 | ) |  | $ | 12 |
Outstanding, end of year | 817 |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | 720 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | 140 |  |  | $ | 12 |
Vested, end of year | 51 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | 120 |  |  | $ | 11 |  |  | 140 |  |  | $ | 12 |

During 2012 and 2011, we granted performance shares to certain individuals. We recognized expense in 2012 when it became probable that certain of the stated performance targets would be achieved. The fair value of each performance share was calculated using the stock price on the grant date. Unamortized compensation cost related to performance shares considered probable was $1.6 million at December 31, 2012 and will be expensed over a weighted-average period of approximately one year. Additionally, there were 51,453 RSUs outstanding that had vested but had not yet been paid out because the payout date had been deferred by the holder.
Long-term incentive plans
In lieu of restricted stock grants, we maintain a long-term incentive plan for certain of our field employees that provides awards based on the achievement of stated performance targets over a three-year period. Awards are earned each year in the form of share units that are paid out in cash at the end of the performance period based upon the number of share units earned times the Company's stock price at the end of the performance period. Accordingly, the liability associated with the awards is adjusted each reporting period based on movements in the Company's stock price and totaled $5.9 million and $0.5 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
73

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
During 2012, we implemented a long-term performance award plan for senior management that provides awards based on the achievement of stated performance targets over a three-year period. Awards are earned based on our cumulative performance over the performance period and are stated in dollars but settled in common shares based on the Company's stock price at the end of the performance period. If the Company's stock price falls below a floor of $5.00 per share at the end of the performance period or the Company does not have a sufficient number of shares available under its stock incentive plans at the time of settlement, then a portion of each award will be paid in cash. We recognize expense for these awards based on the probability of achievement of the stated performance targets. The liability for these awards totaled $4.8 million at December 31, 2012.
10. Income taxes
Components of current and deferred income tax expense (benefit) are as follows ($000’s omitted):

| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Current provision (benefit) |  |  |  |  |
Federal | $ | (8,523 | ) |  | $ | (71,796 | ) |  | $ | (114,617 | )
State and other | (14,068 | ) |  | (28,116 | ) |  | (23,200 | )
| $ | (22,591 | ) |  | $ | (99,912 | ) |  | $ | (137,817 | )
Deferred provision (benefit) |  |  |  |  |
Federal | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
State and other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Income tax expense (benefit) | $ | (22,591 | ) |  | $ | (99,912 | ) |  | $ | (137,817 | )

The following table reconciles the statutory federal income tax rate to the effective income tax rate:

| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Income taxes at federal statutory rate | 35.0 | % |  | 35.0 | % |  | 35.0 | %
Effect of state and local income taxes, net of federal tax | 3.0 |  |  | 3.0 |  |  | 3.0 |
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance | (37.7 | ) |  | (7.0 | ) |  | (12.4 | )
Tax contingencies | (10.6 | ) |  | 28.4 |  |  | 5.0 |
Goodwill impairment | — |  |  | (28.7 | ) |  | (19.7 | )
Other | (2.0 | ) |  | 1.5 |  |  | 0.3 |
Effective rate | (12.3 | )% |  | 32.2 | % |  | 11.2 | %

74

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
The net deferred tax asset (liability) is as follows ($000’s omitted):

| At December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2011
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |
Non-deductible reserves and other | $ | 486,990 |  |  | $ | 446,605 |
Inventory valuation reserves | 953,266 |  |  | 1,197,271 |
Net operating loss ("NOL") carryforwards: |  |  |
Federal | 785,302 |  |  | 663,733 |
State | 320,831 |  |  | 299,292 |
Alternative minimum tax credits | 25,338 |  |  | 25,193 |
Energy credit and charitable contribution carryforward | 38,895 |  |  | 38,586 |
| 2,610,622 |  |  | 2,670,680 |
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |
Capitalized items, including real estate basis differences, deducted for tax, net | (84,637 | ) |  | (91,399 | )
Trademarks and tradenames | (56,714 | ) |  | (61,692 | )
| (141,351 | ) |  | (153,091 | )
Valuation allowance | (2,469,271 | ) |  | (2,517,589 | )
Net deferred tax asset (liability) | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

Due to the effects of the deferred tax valuation allowance and changes in unrecognized tax benefits, our effective tax rates in 2012, 2011, and 2010 are not correlated to the amount of our income or loss before income taxes. The income tax benefits for 2012, 2011, and 2010 resulted primarily from the favorable resolution of certain federal and state income tax matters.
We had income taxes receivable of $31.9 million and $27.2 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The income taxes receivable at December 31, 2012 related primarily to federal and state carryback claims and amended income tax returns.
We evaluate our deferred tax assets to determine if a valuation allowance is required. We had net deferred tax assets of $2.5 billion at December 31, 2012 and 2011. The ultimate realization of these deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of sufficient taxable income during future periods. Changes in existing tax laws could also affect actual tax results and the valuation of deferred tax assets over time. Based on our evaluation, we fully reserved the net deferred tax assets due to the uncertainty of realizing such deferred tax assets. The accounting for deferred taxes is based upon an estimate of future results. Differences between the estimated and actual results could have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations or financial position.
We continue to analyze all available positive and negative evidence in determining the continuing need for a valuation allowance. This evaluation considers, among other factors, historical operating results, forecasts of future profitability, and the duration of statutory carryforward periods. One of the primary pieces of negative evidence we consider is the significant losses we have incurred in recent years, including being in a significant three-year cumulative pre-tax loss position at December 31, 2012. Other negative evidence includes a challenging U.S. macroeconomic environment and uncertainty regarding the timing of a broad, sustainable recovery in the homebuilding industry. However, we earned a profit before income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2012 and have seen significant increases in new orders, backlog, and home sale gross margin. If current business trends continue, including continued improvements in the homebuilding industry, and we continue to be profitable, we believe that there could be sufficient positive evidence to support reducing a large portion of the valuation allowance during 2013. Realization of a portion of our deferred tax assets for state NOL carryforwards and other items, however, is more unlikely than the realization of federal deferred tax assets. This is due to the need to generate sufficient taxable income in each of the respective jurisdictions prior to the expirations of the various state carryforward periods, some of which expire sooner than the 20-year federal NOL carryforwards.
75

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
As a result of our merger with Centex in August 2009, our ability to use certain of Centex’s pre-ownership change NOL carryforwards and built-in losses or deductions is limited by Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code. Our Section 382 limitation is approximately $67.4 million per year for NOLs, losses realized on built-in loss assets that are sold within 60 months of the ownership change (i.e. before August 2014), and certain deductions. We do not believe that the Section 382 limitation will prevent the Company from using Centex’s pre-ownership change NOL carryforwards and built-in losses or deductions.
Our gross federal NOL carryforward is approximately $2.2 billion, a significant portion of which is subject to the provisions of Internal Revenue Code Section 382. We also have significant gross state NOLs in various tax jurisdictions. These NOLs may be carried forward from 5 to 20 years, depending on the tax jurisdiction, with NOLs expiring between 2013 and 2032.
At December 31, 2012 we had $170.4 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits, of which $166.3 million would impact the effective tax rate if recognized. At December 31, 2011, we had $171.9 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits, of which $170.6 million would impact the effective rate if recognized. Additionally, we had accrued interest and penalties of $31.5 million and $36.9 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. In 2012 and 2011, our income tax expense (benefit) included tax related interest and penalties. Such amounts totaled a benefit of $5.4 million in 2012 and $11.4 million in 2011.
We are currently under examination by the IRS and various state taxing jurisdictions and anticipate finalizing certain of the examinations within the next twelve months. The final outcome of these examinations is not yet determinable. It is reasonably possible, within the next twelve months, that unrecognized tax benefits may decrease by up to $24.9 million, excluding interest and penalties, primarily due to expirations of certain statutes of limitations and potential settlements. The statute of limitations for our major tax jurisdictions remains open for examination for tax years 2003 to 2012.
A reconciliation of the change in the unrecognized tax benefits is as follows ($000’s omitted):

| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Unrecognized tax benefits, beginning of period | $ | 171,863 |  |  | $ | 258,016 |  |  | $ | 326,088 |
Decreases related to tax positions taken during the current period | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Increases related to tax positions taken during a prior period | 8,782 |  |  | 2,699 |  |  | 55,385 |
Decreases related to tax positions taken during a prior period | (9,373 | ) |  | (79,719 | ) |  | (14,025 | )
Increases related to tax positions taken during the current period | 11,797 |  |  | 1,620 |  |  | 1,441 |
Decreases related to settlements with taxing authorities | — |  |  | — |  |  | (94,779 | )
Reductions as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations | (12,644 | ) |  | (10,753 | ) |  | (16,094 | )
Unrecognized tax benefits, end of period | $ | 170,425 |  |  | $ | 171,863 |  |  | $ | 258,016 |

76

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
11. Fair value disclosures
ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” provides a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles and establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The fair value hierarchy can be summarized as follows:

Level 1 |  | Fair value determined based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 |  | Fair value determined using significant observable inputs, generally either quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities or quoted prices in markets that are not active.
Level 3 |  | Fair value determined using significant unobservable inputs, such as pricing models, discounted cash flows, or similar techniques

Our assets and liabilities measured or disclosed at fair value are summarized below ($000’s omitted):

Financial Instrument |  | Fair Value Hierarchy |  | Fair Value
December 31, 2012 |  | December 31, 2011
Measured at fair value on a recurring basis: |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale |  | Level 2 |  | $ | 318,931 |  |  | $ | 258,075 |
Interest rate lock commitments |  | Level 2 |  | 6,021 |  |  | 3,551 |
Forward contracts |  | Level 2 |  | (646 | ) |  | (3,470 | )
Whole loan commitments |  | Level 2 |  | (55 | ) |  | 11 |
Measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis: |  |  |  |  |  |
House and land inventory |  | Level 3 |  | $ | 11,243 |  |  | $ | 23,766 |
Disclosed at fair value: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and equivalents (including restricted cash) |  | Level 1 |  | $ | 1,476,710 |  |  | $ | 1,184,931 |
Financial Services debt |  | Level 2 |  | 138,795 |  |  | — |
Senior notes |  | Level 2 |  | 2,663,451 |  |  | 2,765,151 |

Fair values for agency residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are determined based on quoted market prices for comparable instruments. Fair values for non-agency residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are determined based on purchase commitments from whole loan investors and other relevant market information available to management. Fair values for interest rate lock commitments, including the value of servicing rights, are based on market prices for similar instruments. Forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities are valued based on market prices for similar instruments. Fair values for whole loan investor commitments are based on market prices for similar instruments from the specific whole loan investor.
Certain assets are required to be recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis when events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. The non-recurring fair values included in the table above represent only those assets whose carrying values were adjusted to fair value in the current quarter. House and land inventory measured at fair value represents those communities for which we have recorded impairments during the current period. See Note 4 for a more detailed discussion of the valuation methods used for inventory.
The carrying amounts of cash and equivalents and Financial Services debt approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature. The fair values of senior notes are based on quoted market prices, when available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of similar issues. The carrying value of senior notes was $2.5 billion and $3.1 billion, at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
77

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
12. Other assets and accrued and other liabilities
Other assets are presented below ($000’s omitted):

| December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2011
Accounts and notes receivable (Note 1) | $ | 123,268 |  |  | $ | 144,924 |
Prepaid expenses | 74,737 |  |  | 90,786 |
Deposits and pre-acquisition costs (Note 1) | 70,116 |  |  | 57,047 |
Property and equipment, net (Note 1) | 44,183 |  |  | 53,182 |
Income taxes receivable (Note 10) | 31,924 |  |  | 27,154 |
Other | 63,447 |  |  | 74,505 |
| $ | 407,675 |  |  | $ | 447,598 |

Accrued and other liabilities are presented below ($000’s omitted):

| December 31,
| 2012 |  | 2011
Self-insurance liabilities (Note 13) | $ | 721,284 |  |  | $ | 739,029 |
Loan origination liabilities (Note 13) | 164,280 |  |  | 128,330 |
Compensation-related | 119,206 |  |  | 87,583 |
Warranty (Note 13) | 64,098 |  |  | 68,025 |
Community development district obligations (Note 13) | 33,119 |  |  | 38,440 |
Liability for land, not owned, under option agreements (Note 1) | 31,066 |  |  | 24,905 |
Accrued interest | 28,713 |  |  | 37,943 |
Lease exit liabilities (Note 3) | 22,991 |  |  | 29,745 |
Other | 233,306 |  |  | 257,941 |
| $ | 1,418,063 |  |  | $ | 1,411,941 |

13. Commitments and Contingencies
Leases
We lease certain property and equipment under non-cancelable operating leases. The future minimum lease payments required under operating leases that have initial or remaining non-cancelable terms in excess of one year as of December 31, 2012 are as follows ($000’s omitted):

Years Ending December 31, |
2013 | $ | 29,526 |
2014 | 25,510 |
2015 | 22,460 |
2016 | 15,485 |
2017 | 9,291 |
Thereafter | 16,486 |
Total minimum lease payments (a) | $ | 118,758 |

(a) | Minimum payments have not been reduced by minimum sublease rentals of $15.1 million due in the future under non-cancelable subleases.

78

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Net rental expense for 2012, 2011, and 2010 was $24.2 million, $26.7 million, and $37.2 million, respectively, excluding lease exit costs presented in Note 3. Certain leases contain renewal or purchase options and generally provide that we pay for insurance, taxes, and maintenance.
Loan origination liabilities
Our mortgage operations may be responsible for losses associated with mortgage loans originated and sold to investors in the event of errors or omissions relating to representations and warranties that the loans sold meet certain requirements, including representations as to underwriting standards, the existence of primary mortgage insurance, and the validity of certain borrower representations in connection with the loan. If determined to be at fault, we either repurchase the loans from the investors or reimburse the investors' losses (a “make-whole” payment).
We sell substantially all of the loans we originate to investors in the secondary market within a short period of time after origination. In recent years, we experienced a significant increase in losses as a result of the high level of loan defaults and related losses in the mortgage industry and increasing aggressiveness by investors in presenting such claims to us. To date, the significant majority of these losses relates to loans originated in 2006 and 2007, during which period inherently riskier loan products became more common in the mortgage origination market. In 2006 and 2007, we originated $39.5 billion of loans, excluding loans originated by Centex's former subprime loan business sold by Centex in 2006. Because we generally do not retain the servicing rights to the loans we originate, information regarding the current and historical performance, credit quality, and outstanding balances of such loans is limited. Estimating these loan origination liabilities is further complicated by uncertainties surrounding numerous external factors, such as various macroeconomic factors (including unemployment rates and changes in home prices), actions taken by third parties, including the parties servicing the loans, and the U.S. federal government in its dual capacity as regulator of the U.S. mortgage industry and conservator of the government-sponsored enterprises commonly known as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, which own or guarantee the majority of mortgage loans in the U.S.
Most requests received to date relate to make-whole payments on loans that have been foreclosed, generally after a portion of the loan principal had been paid down, which reduces our exposure. Requests undergo extensive analysis to confirm the exposure, attempt to cure the identified defect, and, when necessary, determine our liability. We establish liabilities for such anticipated losses based upon, among other things, the level of current unresolved repurchase requests, the volume of estimated probable future repurchase requests, our ability to cure the defects identified in the repurchase requests, and the severity of the estimated loss upon repurchase. Determining these estimates and the resulting liability requires a significant level of management judgment. We are generally able to cure or refute over 60% of the requests received from investors such that we do not believe repurchases or make-whole payments will ultimately be required. For those requests that we believe will result in repurchases or make-whole payments, actual loss severities are expected to approximate 50% of the outstanding principal balance.
During 2012, 2011, and 2010, we recorded additional provisions for losses as a change in estimate primarily to reflect projected claim volumes in excess of previous estimates. Such provisions for losses are reflected in Financial Services expenses. Our current estimates assume that such requests will continue through 2014. Given the ongoing volatility in the mortgage industry, our lack of visibility into the current status of the review process of loans by investors, the claim volumes we continue to experience, and uncertainties regarding the ultimate resolution of these claims, it is reasonably possible that future losses may exceed our current estimates.
Changes in these liabilities were as follows ($000's omitted):

| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Liabilities, beginning of period | $ | 128,330 |  |  | $ | 93,057 |  |  | $ | 105,914 |
Reserves provided | 49,025 |  |  | 59,349 |  |  | 16,856 |
Payments | (13,075 | ) |  | (24,076 | ) |  | (29,713 | )
Liabilities, end of period | $ | 164,280 |  |  | $ | 128,330 |  |  | $ | 93,057 |

79

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
We entered into an agreement in conjunction with the wind down of Centex's mortgage operations, which ceased loan origination activities in December 2009, that provides a guaranty for one major investor of loans originated by Centex. This guaranty provides that we will honor the potential repurchase obligations of Centex's mortgage operations related to breaches of representations and warranties in the origination of a certain pool of loans. Other than with respect to this pool of loans, our contractual repurchase obligations are limited to our mortgage subsidiaries, which are included in non-guarantor subsidiaries (see Note 14 for a discussion of non-guarantor subsidiaries).
The mortgage subsidiary of Centex also sold loans to a bank for inclusion in residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBSs”) issued by the bank. In connection with these sales, Centex's mortgage subsidiary entered into agreements pursuant to which it may be required to indemnify the bank for losses incurred by investors in the RMBSs arising out of material errors or omissions in certain information provided by the mortgage subsidiary relating to the loans and loan origination process. In 2011, the bank notified us that it has been named defendant in two lawsuits alleging various violations of federal and state securities laws asserting that untrue statements of material fact were included in the registration statements used to market the sale of two RMBS transactions which included $162 million of loans originated by Centex's mortgage subsidiary. The plaintiffs seek unspecified compensatory and/or rescissory damages on behalf of persons who purchased the securities. Neither Centex's mortgage subsidiary nor the Company is named as a defendant in these actions. These actions are in their preliminary stage, and we cannot yet quantify Centex's mortgage subsidiary's potential liability as a result of these indemnification obligations. We do not believe, however, that these matters will have a material adverse impact on the results of operations, financial position, or cash flows of the Company. We are aware of six other RMBS transactions with such indemnity provisions that include an aggregate $116 million of loans, and we are not aware of any current or threatened legal proceedings regarding those transactions.
Community development and other special district obligations
A community development district or similar development authority (“CDD”) is a unit of local government created under various state statutes that utilizes the proceeds from the sale of bonds to finance the construction or acquisition of infrastructure assets of a development. A portion of the liability associated with the bonds, including principal and interest, is assigned to each parcel of land within the development. This debt is typically paid by subsequent special assessments levied by the CDD on the landowners. Generally, we are only responsible for paying the special assessments for the period in which we are the landowner of the applicable parcels. However, in certain limited instances we record a liability for future assessments that are fixed or determinable for a fixed or determinable period. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, we had recorded $33.1 million and $38.4 million, respectively, in accrued liabilities for outstanding CDD obligations. During 2011 and 2010, we repurchased at a discount prior to their maturity CDD obligations with aggregate principal balances of $26.6 million and $124.1 million, respectively, in order to improve the future financial performance of the related communities. The discounts of $5.2 million in 2011 and $12.9 million in 2010 are recognized as a reduction of cost of revenues over the lives of the applicable communities, which will extend for several years. There were no repurchases during 2012.
Letters of credit and surety bonds
In the normal course of business, we post letters of credit and surety bonds pursuant to certain performance-related obligations, as security for certain land option agreements, and under various insurance programs. The majority of these letters of credit and surety bonds are in support of our land development and construction obligations to various municipalities, other government agencies, and utility companies related to the construction of roads, sewers, and other infrastructure. We had outstanding letters of credit and surety bonds totaling $179.2 million and $1.0 billion at December 31, 2012, respectively, and $235.9 million and $1.2 billion at December 31, 2011, respectively. In the event any such letter of credit or surety bonds are called, we would be obligated to reimburse the issuer of the letter of credit or surety bond. We do not believe that a material amount, if any, of the letters of credit or surety bonds will be called. Our surety bonds generally do not have stated expiration dates; rather we are released from the surety bonds as the underlying contractual performance is completed. Because significant construction and development work has been performed related to the applicable projects but has not yet received final acceptance by the respective counterparties, the aggregate amount of surety bonds outstanding is in excess of the projected cost of the remaining work to be performed.
80

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Litigation and regulatory matters
We are involved in various litigation and legal claims in the normal course of our business operations, including actions brought on behalf of various classes of claimants. We are also subject to a variety of local, state, and federal laws and regulations related to land development activities, house construction standards, sales practices, mortgage lending operations, employment practices, and protection of the environment. As a result, we are subject to periodic examination or inquiry by various governmental agencies that administer these laws and regulations.
We establish liabilities for legal claims and regulatory matters when such matters are both probable of occurring and any potential loss is reasonably estimable. We accrue for such matters based on the facts and circumstances specific to each matter and revise these estimates as the matters evolve. In such cases, there may exist an exposure to loss in excess of any amounts currently accrued. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of these legal and regulatory matters, we generally cannot predict the ultimate resolution of the pending matters, the related timing, or the eventual loss. While the outcome of such contingencies cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe that the resolution of such matters will have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. However, to the extent the liability arising from the ultimate resolution of any matter exceeds the estimates reflected in the recorded reserves relating to such matter, we could incur additional charges that could be significant.
Allowance for warranties
Home purchasers are provided with a limited warranty against certain building defects, including a one-year comprehensive limited warranty and coverage for certain other aspects of the home’s construction and operating systems for periods of up to ten years. We estimate the costs to be incurred under these warranties and record liabilities in the amount of such costs at the time product revenue is recognized. Factors that affect our warranty liabilities include the number of homes sold, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and the cost per claim. We periodically assess the adequacy of the warranty liabilities for each geographic market in which we operate and adjust the amounts as necessary. Actual warranty costs in the future could differ from the current estimates.
Changes to warranty liabilities were as follows ($000’s omitted):

| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Warranty liabilities, beginning of period | $ | 68,025 |  |  | $ | 80,195 |  |  | $ | 96,110 |
Reserves provided | 45,705 |  |  | 43,875 |  |  | 54,164 |
Payments | (45,365 | ) |  | (54,766 | ) |  | (69,789 | )
Other adjustments | (4,267 | ) |  | (1,279 | ) |  | (290 | )
Warranty liabilities, end of period | $ | 64,098 |  |  | $ | 68,025 |  |  | $ | 80,195 |

Self-insured risks
We maintain, and require our subcontractors to maintain, general liability insurance coverage. We also maintain builders' risk, property, errors and omissions, workers compensation, and other business insurance coverage. These insurance policies protect us against a portion of the risk of loss from claims. However, we retain a significant portion of the overall risk for such claims either through policies issued by our captive insurance subsidiaries or through our own self-insured per occurrence and aggregate retentions, deductibles, and claims in excess of available insurance policy limits.
Our general liability insurance includes coverage for certain construction defects. While construction defect claims can relate to a variety of circumstances, the majority of our claims relate to alleged problems with siding, plumbing, foundations and other concrete work, windows, roofing, and heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. The availability of general liability insurance for the homebuilding industry and its subcontractors has become increasingly limited, and the insurance policies available require companies to maintain higher per occurrence and aggregate retention levels. In certain instances, we may offer our subcontractors the opportunity to purchase insurance through one of our captive insurance subsidiaries or to participate in a project-specific insurance program provided by the Company. Policies issued by the captive insurance subsidiaries represent self-insurance of these risks by the Company. This self-insured exposure is limited by reinsurance policies that we purchase. General liability coverage for the homebuilding industry is complex, and our coverage varies from policy year to policy year. Our insurance coverage requires a per occurrence deductible up to an overall aggregate retention level. Beginning with the first dollar, amounts paid on insured claims
81

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
satisfy our per occurrence and aggregate retention obligations. Any amounts incurred in excess of the occurrence or aggregate retention levels are covered by insurance up to our purchased coverage levels. Our insurance policies, including the captive insurance subsidiaries' reinsurance policies, are maintained with highly-rated underwriters for whom we believe counterparty default risk is not significant.
At any point in time, we are managing over 1,000 individual claims related to general liability, property, errors and omission, workers compensation, and other business insurance coverage. We reserve for costs associated with such claims (including expected claims management expenses relating to legal fees, expert fees, and claims handling expenses) on an undiscounted basis at the time product revenue is recognized for each home closing and evaluate the recorded liabilities based on actuarial analyses of our historical claims. The actuarial analyses calculate an estimate of the ultimate net cost of all unpaid losses, including estimates for incurred but not reported losses ("IBNR"). IBNR represents losses related to claims incurred but not yet reported plus development on reported claims. These estimates make up a significant portion of our liability and are subject to a high degree of uncertainty due to a variety of factors, including changes in claims reporting and resolution patterns, third party recoveries, insurance industry practices, the regulatory environment, and legal precedent. State regulations vary, but construction defect claims are reported and resolved over an extended period often exceeding ten years. In certain instances, we have the ability to recover a portion of our costs under various insurance policies or from subcontractors or other third parties. Estimates of such amounts are recorded when recovery is considered probable.
Our recorded reserves for all such claims totaled $721.3 million and $739.0 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, the vast majority of which relate to general liability claims. The recorded reserves include loss estimates related to both (i) existing claims and related claim expenses and (ii) IBNR and related claim expenses. Liabilities related to IBNR and related claim expenses represented approximately 74% and 78% of the total general liability reserves at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The actuarial analyses that determine the IBNR portion of reserves consider a variety of factors, including the frequency and severity of losses, which are based on our historical claims experience supplemented by industry data. The actuarial analyses of the reserves also consider historical third party recovery rates and claims management expenses.
Adjustments to estimated reserves are recorded in the period in which the change in estimate occurs. Because the majority of our recorded reserves relates to IBNR, adjustments to reserve amounts for individual existing claims generally do not impact the recorded reserves materially. However, changes in the frequency and timing of reported claims and the estimates of specific claim values can impact the underlying inputs and trends utilized in the actuarial analyses, which could have a material impact on the recorded reserves. Because of the inherent uncertainty in estimating future losses related to these claims, actual costs could differ significantly from estimated costs.
We have experienced a high level of insurance-related expenses in recent years, primarily due to the adverse development of general liability claims, the frequency and severity of which have increased significantly over historical levels. During 2010, we experienced a greater than anticipated frequency of newly reported claims and a significant increase in specific case reserves related to certain known claims. The general nature of these claims was not out of the ordinary, but the frequency and severity of the claims were in excess of our historical experience. As a result of these unfavorable trends, we recorded additional reserves totaling $280.4 million ($0.74 per basic and diluted share) within selling, general, and administrative expenses. Substantially all of this additional reserve related to general liability exposures, a large portion of which resulted from revising our actuarial assumptions surrounding the long-term frequency, severity, and development of claims. During the industry downturn over the last several years, and especially in 2010, we experienced adverse claim frequency and severity compared with longer term averages. In 2010, we deemed it appropriate to assume that the long-term future frequency, severity, and development of claims will most closely resemble the claims activity experienced in recent years.
82

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Changes in these liabilities were as follows ($000's omitted):

| 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 739,029 |  |  | $ | 787,918 |  |  | $ | 551,020 |
Reserves provided | 54,262 |  |  | 48,359 |  |  | 313,606 |
Liabilities assumed with Centex merger | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,514 |
Payments | (72,007 | ) |  | (97,248 | ) |  | (79,222 | )
Balance, end of period | $ | 721,284 |  |  | $ | 739,029 |  |  | $ | 787,918 |

As reflected in the above table, insurance-related liabilities increased $2.5 million upon completion of a final valuation of the Centex merger in 2010. The reserves provided reflected in the above table are classified within selling, general, and administrative expenses.
14. Supplemental Guarantor information
All of our senior notes are guaranteed jointly and severally on a senior basis by each of the Company's wholly-owned Homebuilding subsidiaries and certain other wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Guarantors”). Such guaranties are full and unconditional. Supplemental consolidating financial information of the Company, including such information for the Guarantors, is presented below. Investments in subsidiaries are presented using the equity method of accounting. Separate financial statements of the Guarantors are not provided as the consolidating financial information contained herein provides a more meaningful disclosure to allow investors to determine the nature of the assets held by, and the operations of, the combined groups.
83

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET
DECEMBER 31, 2012
($000’s omitted)

| Unconsolidated |  | Eliminating Entries |  | Consolidated PulteGroup, Inc.
| PulteGroup, Inc. |  | Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and equivalents | $ | 146,168 |  |  | $ | 1,063,943 |  |  | $ | 194,649 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,404,760 |
Restricted cash | 54,546 |  |  | 3,365 |  |  | 14,039 |  |  | — |  |  | 71,950 |
House and land inventory | — |  |  | 4,210,201 |  |  | 3,845 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,214,046 |
Land held for sale | — |  |  | 91,104 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 91,104 |
Land, not owned, under option agreements | — |  |  | 31,066 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 31,066 |
Residential mortgage loans available- for-sale | — |  |  | — |  |  | 318,931 |  |  | — |  |  | 318,931 |
Investments in unconsolidated entities | 1,528 |  |  | 40,973 |  |  | 3,128 |  |  | — |  |  | 45,629 |
Other assets | 28,951 |  |  | 324,109 |  |  | 54,615 |  |  | — |  |  | 407,675 |
Intangible assets | — |  |  | 149,248 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 149,248 |
Investments in subsidiaries and intercompany accounts, net | 4,723,466 |  |  | 7,198,710 |  |  | 6,296,915 |  |  | (18,219,091 | ) |  | — |
| $ | 4,954,659 |  |  | $ | 13,112,719 |  |  | $ | 6,886,122 |  |  | $ | (18,219,091 | ) |  | $ | 6,734,409 |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable, customer deposits, accrued and other liabilities | $ | 56,565 |  |  | $ | 1,343,653 |  |  | $ | 297,302 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,697,520 |
Income tax liabilities | 198,865 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 198,865 |
Financial Services debt | — |  |  | — |  |  | 138,795 |  |  | — |  |  | 138,795 |
Senior notes | 2,509,613 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,509,613 |
Total liabilities | 2,765,043 |  |  | 1,343,653 |  |  | 436,097 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,544,793 |
Total shareholders’ equity | 2,189,616 |  |  | 11,769,066 |  |  | 6,450,025 |  |  | (18,219,091 | ) |  | 2,189,616 |
| $ | 4,954,659 |  |  | $ | 13,112,719 |  |  | $ | 6,886,122 |  |  | $ | (18,219,091 | ) |  | $ | 6,734,409 |

84

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET
DECEMBER 31, 2011
($000’s omitted)

| Unconsolidated |  | Eliminating Entries |  | Consolidated PulteGroup, Inc.
| PulteGroup, Inc. |  | Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and equivalents | $ | 119,287 |  |  | $ | 875,561 |  |  | $ | 88,223 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,083,071 |
Restricted cash | 83,199 |  |  | 3,255 |  |  | 15,406 |  |  | — |  |  | 101,860 |
House and land inventory | — |  |  | 4,632,337 |  |  | 4,131 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,636,468 |
Land held for sale | — |  |  | 135,307 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 135,307 |
Land, not owned, under option agreements | — |  |  | 24,905 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 24,905 |
Residential mortgage loans available- for-sale | — |  |  | — |  |  | 258,075 |  |  | — |  |  | 258,075 |
Securities purchased under agreements to resell | 127,327 |  |  | — |  |  | (127,327 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
Investments in unconsolidated entities | 1,527 |  |  | 31,836 |  |  | 2,625 |  |  | — |  |  | 35,988 |
Other assets | 32,620 |  |  | 364,770 |  |  | 50,208 |  |  | — |  |  | 447,598 |
Intangible assets | — |  |  | 162,348 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 162,348 |
Investments in subsidiaries and intercompany accounts, net | 4,937,002 |  |  | 6,533,838 |  |  | 6,366,758 |  |  | (17,837,598 | ) |  | — |
| $ | 5,300,962 |  |  | $ | 12,764,157 |  |  | $ | 6,658,099 |  |  | $ | (17,837,598 | ) |  | $ | 6,885,620 |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable, customer deposits, accrued and other liabilities | $ | 70,690 |  |  | $ | 1,310,972 |  |  | $ | 273,686 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,655,348 |
Income tax liabilities | 203,313 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 203,313 |
Senior notes | 3,088,344 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,088,344 |
Total liabilities | 3,362,347 |  |  | 1,310,972 |  |  | 273,686 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,947,005 |
Total shareholders’ equity | 1,938,615 |  |  | 11,453,185 |  |  | 6,384,413 |  |  | (17,837,598 | ) |  | 1,938,615 |
| $ | 5,300,962 |  |  | $ | 12,764,157 |  |  | $ | 6,658,099 |  |  | $ | (17,837,598 | ) |  | $ | 6,885,620 |

85

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
For the year ended December 31, 2012
($000’s omitted)

| Unconsolidated |  |  |  | Consolidated PulteGroup, Inc.
| PulteGroup, Inc. |  | Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Eliminating Entries |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Homebuilding |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Home sale revenues | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,552,412 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,552,412 |
Land sale revenues | — |  |  | 106,698 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 106,698 |
| — |  |  | 4,659,110 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,659,110 |
Financial Services | — |  |  | 2,082 |  |  | 158,806 |  |  | — |  |  | 160,888 |
| — |  |  | 4,661,192 |  |  | 158,806 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,819,998 |
Homebuilding Cost of Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Home sale cost of revenues | — |  |  | 3,833,451 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,833,451 |
Land sale cost of revenues | — |  |  | 94,880 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 94,880 |
| — |  |  | 3,928,331 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,928,331 |
Financial Services expenses | 379 |  |  | 567 |  |  | 134,565 |  |  | — |  |  | 135,511 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | — |  |  | 515,283 |  |  | (826 | ) |  | — |  |  | 514,457 |
Other expense (income), net | 32,027 |  |  | 33,506 |  |  | 765 |  |  | — |  |  | 66,298 |
Interest income | (229 | ) |  | (4,597 | ) |  | (87 | ) |  | — |  |  | (4,913 | )
Interest expense | 819 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 819 |
Intercompany interest | 587,281 |  |  | (573,852 | ) |  | (13,429 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities | (1 | ) |  | (3,555 | ) |  | (503 | ) |  | — |  |  | (4,059 | )
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (620,276 | ) |  | 765,509 |  |  | 38,321 |  |  | — |  |  | 183,554 |
Income tax expense (benefit) | 426 |  |  | (22,299 | ) |  | (718 | ) |  | — |  |  | (22,591 | )
Income (loss) before equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (620,702 | ) |  | 787,808 |  |  | 39,039 |  |  | — |  |  | 206,145 |
Equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | 826,847 |  |  | 34,596 |  |  | 476,806 |  |  | (1,338,249 | ) |  | — |
Net income (loss) | 206,145 |  |  | 822,404 |  |  | 515,845 |  |  | (1,338,249 | ) |  | 206,145 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 314 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 314 |
Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | 206,459 |  |  | $ | 822,404 |  |  | $ | 515,845 |  |  | $ | (1,338,249 | ) |  | $ | 206,459 |

86

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
For the year ended December 31, 2011
($000’s omitted)

| Unconsolidated |  |  |  | Consolidated PulteGroup, Inc.
| PulteGroup, Inc. |  | Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Eliminating Entries |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Homebuilding |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Home sale revenues | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,950,743 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,950,743 |
Land sale revenues | — |  |  | 82,853 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 82,853 |
| — |  |  | 4,033,596 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,033,596 |
Financial Services | — |  |  | 1,367 |  |  | 101,727 |  |  | — |  |  | 103,094 |
| — |  |  | 4,034,963 |  |  | 101,727 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,136,690 |
Homebuilding Cost of Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Home sale cost of revenues | — |  |  | 3,444,398 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,444,398 |
Land sale cost of revenues | — |  |  | 59,279 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 59,279 |
| — |  |  | 3,503,677 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,503,677 |
Financial Services expenses | 343 |  |  | 448 |  |  | 136,875 |  |  | — |  |  | 137,666 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 33,144 |  |  | 488,746 |  |  | (2,307 | ) |  | — |  |  | 519,583 |
Other expense (income), net | 5,581 |  |  | 288,298 |  |  | (777 | ) |  | — |  |  | 293,102 |
Interest income | (253 | ) |  | (4,443 | ) |  | (359 | ) |  | — |  |  | (5,055 | )
Interest expense | 1,313 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,313 |
Intercompany interest | 39,060 |  |  | (27,572 | ) |  | (11,488 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities | (5 | ) |  | (3,196 | ) |  | (95 | ) |  | — |  |  | (3,296 | )
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (79,183 | ) |  | (210,995 | ) |  | (20,122 | ) |  | — |  |  | (310,300 | )
Income tax expense (benefit) | (2,623 | ) |  | (99,635 | ) |  | 2,346 |  |  | — |  |  | (99,912 | )
Income (loss) before equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (76,560 | ) |  | (111,360 | ) |  | (22,468 | ) |  | — |  |  | (210,388 | )
Equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (133,828 | ) |  | (25,427 | ) |  | (88,998 | ) |  | 248,253 |  |  | — |
Net income (loss) | (210,388 | ) |  | (136,787 | ) |  | (111,466 | ) |  | 248,253 |  |  | (210,388 | )
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 213 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 213 |
Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | (210,175 | ) |  | $ | (136,787 | ) |  | $ | (111,466 | ) |  | $ | 248,253 |  |  | $ | (210,175 | )

87

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
For the year ended December 31, 2010
($000’s omitted)

| Unconsolidated |  | Eliminating Entries |  | Consolidated PulteGroup, Inc.
| PulteGroup, Inc. |  | Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Homebuilding |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Home sale revenues | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,419,812 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,419,812 |
Land sale revenues | — |  |  | 27,815 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 27,815 |
| — |  |  | 4,447,627 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,447,627 |
Financial Services | — |  |  | 3,119 |  |  | 118,544 |  |  | — |  |  | 121,663 |
| — |  |  | 4,450,746 |  |  | 118,544 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,569,290 |
Homebuilding Cost of Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Home sale cost of revenues | — |  |  | 4,006,385 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,006,385 |
Land sale cost of revenues | — |  |  | 53,555 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 53,555 |
| — |  |  | 4,059,940 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,059,940 |
Financial Services expenses | 338 |  |  | (1,462 | ) |  | 117,246 |  |  | — |  |  | 116,122 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 64,197 |  |  | 629,099 |  |  | 201,806 |  |  | — |  |  | 895,102 |
Other expense (income), net | 38,899 |  |  | 707,647 |  |  | (4,161 | ) |  | — |  |  | 742,385 |
Interest income | — |  |  | (9,060 | ) |  | (471 | ) |  | — |  |  | (9,531 | )
Interest expense | 2,802 |  |  | — |  |  | (73 | ) |  | — |  |  | 2,729 |
Intercompany interest | 169,158 |  |  | (169,010 | ) |  | (148 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities | (11 | ) |  | (3,867 | ) |  | 967 |  |  | — |  |  | (2,911 | )
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (275,383 | ) |  | (762,541 | ) |  | (196,622 | ) |  | — |  |  | (1,234,546 | )
Income tax expense (benefit) | 58,318 |  |  | (136,741 | ) |  | (59,394 | ) |  | — |  |  | (137,817 | )
Income (loss) before equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (333,701 | ) |  | (625,800 | ) |  | (137,228 | ) |  | — |  |  | (1,096,729 | )
Equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (763,028 | ) |  | (5,009 | ) |  | (172,241 | ) |  | 940,278 |  |  | — |
Net income (loss) | (1,096,729 | ) |  | (630,809 | ) |  | (309,469 | ) |  | 940,278 |  |  | (1,096,729 | )
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 730 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 730 |
Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | (1,095,999 | ) |  | $ | (630,809 | ) |  | $ | (309,469 | ) |  | $ | 940,278 |  |  | $ | (1,095,999 | )

88

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the year ended December 31, 2012
($000’s omitted)

| Unconsolidated |  |  |  | Consolidated PulteGroup, Inc.
| PulteGroup, Inc. |  | Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Eliminating Entries |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | (582,762 | ) |  | $ | 1,332,342 |  |  | $ | 10,560 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 760,140 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Distributions from unconsolidated entities | — |  |  | 3,029 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,029 |
Investments in unconsolidated entities | — |  |  | (16,456 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (16,456 | )
Net change in loans held for investment | — |  |  | — |  |  | 836 |  |  | — |  |  | 836 |
Change in restricted cash related to letters of credit | 28,653 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 28,653 |
Proceeds from the sale of property and equipment | — |  |  | 7,586 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,586 |
Capital expenditures | — |  |  | (10,831 | ) |  | (3,111 | ) |  | — |  |  | (13,942 | )
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 28,653 |  |  | (16,672 | ) |  | (2,275 | ) |  | — |  |  | 9,706 |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial Services borrowings (repayments) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 138,795 |  |  | — |  |  | 138,795 |
Other borrowings (repayments) | (620,700 | ) |  | 1,900 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (618,800 | )
Stock option exercises | 32,809 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 32,809 |
Stock repurchases | (961 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (961 | )
Intercompany activities, net | 1,169,842 |  |  | (1,129,188 | ) |  | (40,654 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 580,990 |  |  | (1,127,288 | ) |  | 98,141 |  |  | — |  |  | (448,157 | )
Net increase (decrease) in cash and equivalents | 26,881 |  |  | 188,382 |  |  | 106,426 |  |  | — |  |  | 321,689 |
Cash and equivalents at beginning of year | 119,287 |  |  | 875,561 |  |  | 88,223 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,083,071 |
Cash and equivalents at end of year | $ | 146,168 |  |  | $ | 1,063,943 |  |  | $ | 194,649 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,404,760 |

89

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the year ended December 31, 2011
($000’s omitted)

| Unconsolidated |  |  |  | Consolidated PulteGroup, Inc.
| PulteGroup, Inc. |  | Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Eliminating Entries |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | (86,000 | ) |  | $ | 520,024 |  |  | $ | (416,745 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 17,279 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Distributions from unconsolidated entities | — |  |  | 4,531 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,531 |
Investments in unconsolidated entities | — |  |  | (4,603 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4,603 | )
Net change in loans held for investment | — |  |  | — |  |  | 325 |  |  | — |  |  | 325 |
Change in restricted cash related to letters of credit | (83,199 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (83,199 | )
Proceeds from the sale of property and equipment | — |  |  | 10,555 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,555 |
Capital expenditures | — |  |  | (18,331 | ) |  | (2,907 | ) |  | — |  |  | (21,238 | )
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (83,199 | ) |  | (7,848 | ) |  | (2,582 | ) |  | — |  |  | (93,629 | )
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other borrowings (repayments) | (320,973 | ) |  | (160 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (321,133 | )
Stock repurchases | (2,836 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,836 | )
Intercompany activities, net | 602,295 |  |  | (743,078 | ) |  | 140,783 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 278,486 |  |  | (743,238 | ) |  | 140,783 |  |  | — |  |  | (323,969 | )
Net increase (decrease) in cash and equivalents | 109,287 |  |  | (231,062 | ) |  | (278,544 | ) |  | — |  |  | (400,319 | )
Cash and equivalents at beginning of year | 10,000 |  |  | 1,106,623 |  |  | 366,767 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,483,390 |
Cash and equivalents at end of year | $ | 119,287 |  |  | $ | 875,561 |  |  | $ | 88,223 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,083,071 |

90

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the year ended December 31, 2010
($000’s omitted)

| Unconsolidated |  |  |  | Consolidated PulteGroup, Inc.
| PulteGroup, Inc. |  | Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Eliminating Entries |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | 552,697 |  |  | $ | 34,853 |  |  | $ | 4,574 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 592,124 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Distributions from unconsolidated entities | — |  |  | 4,231 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,231 |
Investments in unconsolidated entities | — |  |  | (21,623 | ) |  | (1,267 | ) |  | — |  |  | (22,890 | )
Net change in loans held for investment | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,603 |  |  | — |  |  | 12,603 |
Proceeds from the sale of property and equipment | — |  |  | 1,762 |  |  | 18 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,780 |
Capital expenditures | — |  |  | (13,168 | ) |  | (2,011 | ) |  | — |  |  | (15,179 | )
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | — |  |  | (28,798 | ) |  | 9,343 |  |  | — |  |  | (19,455 | )
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial Services borrowings (repayments) | — |  |  | — |  |  | (18,394 | ) |  | — |  |  | (18,394 | )
Other borrowings (repayments) | (934,473 | ) |  | (1,444 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (935,917 | )
Stock option exercises | 8,668 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,668 |
Stock repurchases | (4,023 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4,023 | )
Intercompany activities, net | 387,131 |  |  | (404,757 | ) |  | 17,626 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | (542,697 | ) |  | (406,201 | ) |  | (768 | ) |  | — |  |  | (949,666 | )
Net increase (decrease) in cash and equivalents | 10,000 |  |  | (400,146 | ) |  | 13,149 |  |  | — |  |  | (376,997 | )
Cash and equivalents at beginning of year | — |  |  | 1,506,769 |  |  | 353,618 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,860,387 |
Cash and equivalents at end of year | $ | 10,000 |  |  | $ | 1,106,623 |  |  | $ | 366,767 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,483,390 |

91

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
15. Quarterly Results (Unaudited)
UNAUDITED QUARTERLY INFORMATION
(000’s omitted, except per share data)

| 1st Quarter |  | 2nd Quarter |  | 3rd Quarter |  | 4th Quarter |  | Total (c)
2012 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Homebuilding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues | $ | 852,184 |  |  | $ | 1,033,154 |  |  | $ | 1,255,327 |  |  | $ | 1,518,445 |  |  | $ | 4,659,110 |
Cost of revenues | 745,563 |  |  | 876,990 |  |  | 1,044,765 |  |  | 1,261,012 |  |  | 3,928,331 |
Income (loss) before income taxes (a) | (20,352 | ) |  | 23,939 |  |  | 79,179 |  |  | 75,225 |  |  | 157,991 |
Financial Services: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues | $ | 28,852 |  |  | $ | 36,251 |  |  | $ | 47,264 |  |  | $ | 48,521 |  |  | $ | 160,888 |
Income (loss) before income taxes (b) | 6,861 |  |  | 15,987 |  |  | 26,727 |  |  | (24,012 | ) |  | 25,563 |
Consolidated results: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues | $ | 881,036 |  |  | $ | 1,069,405 |  |  | $ | 1,302,591 |  |  | $ | 1,566,966 |  |  | $ | 4,819,998 |
Income (loss) before income taxes | (13,491 | ) |  | 39,926 |  |  | 105,906 |  |  | 51,213 |  |  | 183,554 |
Income tax benefit | (1,825 | ) |  | (2,510 | ) |  | (10,727 | ) |  | (7,529 | ) |  | (22,591 | )
Net income (loss) | $ | (11,666 | ) |  | $ | 42,436 |  |  | $ | 116,633 |  |  | $ | 58,742 |  |  | $ | 206,145 |
Net income (loss) per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | (0.03 | ) |  | $ | 0.11 |  |  | $ | 0.31 |  |  | $ | 0.15 |  |  | $ | 0.54 |
Diluted | $ | (0.03 | ) |  | $ | 0.11 |  |  | $ | 0.30 |  |  | $ | 0.15 |  |  | $ | 0.54 |
Number of shares used in calculation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 380,502 |  |  | 380,655 |  |  | 381,355 |  |  | 383,404 |  |  | 381,562 |
Effect of dilutive securities | — |  |  | 1,548 |  |  | 3,215 |  |  | 5,900 |  |  | 3,002 |
Diluted | 380,502 |  |  | 382,203 |  |  | 384,570 |  |  | 389,304 |  |  | 384,564 |

(a) | Homebuilding income (loss) before income taxes includes losses on debt retirements totaling $32.1 million in the 4th Quarter.

(b) | Financial Services income (loss) before income taxes includes additional loan origination reserves of $49.0 million in the 4th Quarter.

(c) | Due to rounding, the sum of quarterly results may not equal the total for the year. Additionally, quarterly and year-to-date computations of per share amounts are made independently.

92

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
UNAUDITED QUARTERLY INFORMATION
(000’s omitted, except per share data)

| 1st Quarter |  | 2nd Quarter |  | 3rd Quarter |  | 4th Quarter |  | Total (c)
2011 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Homebuilding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues | $ | 783,767 |  |  | $ | 904,831 |  |  | $ | 1,114,027 |  |  | $ | 1,230,971 |  |  | $ | 4,033,596 |
Cost of revenues | 685,960 |  |  | 793,465 |  |  | 944,882 |  |  | 1,079,370 |  |  | 3,503,677 |
Income (loss) before income taxes (a) | (46,365 | ) |  | (36,690 | ) |  | (211,126 | ) |  | 18,351 |  |  | (275,830 | )
Financial Services: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues | $ | 21,435 |  |  | $ | 22,381 |  |  | $ | 27,904 |  |  | $ | 31,374 |  |  | $ | 103,094 |
Income (loss) before income taxes (b) | 973 |  |  | (16,643 | ) |  | 8,626 |  |  | (27,426 | ) |  | (34,470 | )
Consolidated results: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues | $ | 805,202 |  |  | $ | 927,212 |  |  | $ | 1,141,931 |  |  | $ | 1,262,345 |  |  | $ | 4,136,690 |
Income (loss) before income taxes | (45,392 | ) |  | (53,333 | ) |  | (202,500 | ) |  | (9,075 | ) |  | (310,300 | )
Income tax expense (benefit) | (5,866 | ) |  | 2,052 |  |  | (73,202 | ) |  | (22,896 | ) |  | (99,912 | )
Net income (loss) | $ | (39,526 | ) |  | $ | (55,385 | ) |  | $ | (129,298 | ) |  | $ | 13,821 |  |  | $ | (210,388 | )
Net income (loss) per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | (0.10 | ) |  | $ | (0.15 | ) |  | $ | (0.34 | ) |  | $ | 0.04 |  |  | $ | (0.55 | )
Diluted | $ | (0.10 | ) |  | $ | (0.15 | ) |  | $ | (0.34 | ) |  | $ | 0.04 |  |  | $ | (0.55 | )
Number of shares used in calculation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 379,544 |  |  | 379,781 |  |  | 380,025 |  |  | 380,149 |  |  | 379,877 |
Effect of dilutive securities | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,112 |  |  | — |
Diluted | 379,544 |  |  | 379,781 |  |  | 380,025 |  |  | 381,261 |  |  | 379,877 |

(a) | Homebuilding income (loss) before income taxes includes land-related charges of $0.7 million, $6.8 million, $3.9 million, and $24.4 million in the 1st Quarter, 2nd Quarter, 3rd Quarter, and 4th Quarter, respectively; goodwill impairment charges totaling $240.5 million in the 3rd Quarter; and losses on debt retirements of $3.5 million and $2.1 million in the 2nd Quarter and 4th Quarter, respectively.

(b) | Financial Services income (loss) before income taxes includes additional loan origination reserves of $19.3 million and $40.0 million in the 2nd Quarter and 4th Quarter, respectively.

(c) | Due to rounding, the sum of quarterly results may not equal the total for the year. Additionally, quarterly and year-to-date computations of per share amounts are made independently.

93

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of PulteGroup, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of PulteGroup, Inc. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of PulteGroup, Inc. at December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), PulteGroup, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 6, 2013 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Detroit, Michigan
February 6, 2013
94

ITEM 9. | CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENT WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES

This Item is not applicable.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Management, including our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2012. Based upon, and as of the date of that evaluation, our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2012.
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

(a) | Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements included in this annual report. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles and reflect management’s judgments and estimates concerning events and transactions that are accounted for or disclosed.
Management is also responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Management recognizes that there are inherent limitations in the effectiveness of any internal control and effective internal control over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation. Additionally, because of changes in conditions, the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting may vary over time.
In order to ensure that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective, management regularly assesses such controls and did so most recently for its financial reporting as of December 31, 2012. Management’s assessment was based on criteria for effective internal control over financial reporting described in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, management asserts that the Company has maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012.
Ernst & Young LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in this annual report, has issued its report on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012.
95

(b) | Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Shareholders of PulteGroup, Inc.
We have audited PulteGroup, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). PulteGroup, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, PulteGroup, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of PulteGroup, Inc. as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012 and our report dated February 6, 2013 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Detroit, Michigan
February 6, 2013

(c) | Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2012 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
This Item is not applicable.
96

PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Information required by this Item with respect to our executive officers is set forth in Item 4A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Information required by this Item with respect to members of our Board of Directors and with respect to our audit committee will be contained in the Proxy Statement for the 2013 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (“2013 Proxy Statement”) under the captions “Election of Directors” and “Committees of the Board of Directors - Audit Committee” and in the chart disclosing Audit Committee membership and is incorporated herein by this reference. Information required by this Item with respect to compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 will be contained in the 2013 Proxy Statement under the caption “Beneficial Security Ownership - Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance,” and is incorporated herein by this reference. Information required by this Item with respect to our code of ethics will be contained in the 2013 Proxy Statement under the caption “Corporate Governance - Governance Guidelines; Code of Ethical Business Conduct; Code of Ethics” and is incorporated herein by this reference.
Our code of ethics for principal officers, our code of ethical business conduct, our corporate governance guidelines, and the charters of the Audit, Compensation and Management Development, Nominating and Governance, and Finance and Investment committees of our Board of Directors are also posted on our website and are available in print, free of charge, upon request.

ITEM 11. | EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Information required by this Item will be contained in the 2013 Proxy Statement under the captions “2012 Executive Compensation” and “2012 Director Compensation” and is incorporated herein by this reference, provided that the Compensation and Management Development Committee Report shall not be deemed to be “filed” with this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

ITEM 12. | SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLER MATTERS

Information required by this Item will be contained in the 2013 Proxy Statement under the captions “Beneficial Security Ownership” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information” and is incorporated herein by this reference.

ITEM 13. | CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Information required by this Item will be contained in the 2013 Proxy Statement under the captions “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” and “Election of Directors - Independence” and is incorporated herein by this reference.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Information required by this Item will be contained in the 2013 Proxy Statement under the captions “Audit and Non-Audit Fees” and “Audit Committee Preapproval Policies” and is incorporated herein by reference.
97

PART IV

ITEM 15. | EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a) | T he following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:

(1) Financial Statements

Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2012 and 2011 | 46
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010 | 47
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010 | 48
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010 | 49
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010 | 50
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | 51

(2) | Financial Statement Schedules

All schedules are omitted because the required information is not present, is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or because the required information is included in the financial statements or notes thereto.

(3) | Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed with this Annual Report on Form 10-K or are incorporated herein by reference:
Exhibit Number and Description

(3) |  | (a) |  | Restated Articles of Incorporation, of PulteGroup, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on August 18, 2009)
|  | (b) |  | Certificate of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation, dated March 18, 2010 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(b) of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2010)
|  | (c) |  | Certificate of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation, dated May 21, 2010 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(c) of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2010)
|  | (d) |  | By-laws, as amended, of PulteGroup, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on April 8, 2009)
|  | (e) |  | Certificate of Designation of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Shares, dated August 6, 2009 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(b) of our Registration Statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on August 18, 2009)
(4) |  | (a) |  | Any instrument with respect to long-term debt, where the securities authorized thereunder do not exceed 10% of the total assets of PulteGroup, Inc. and its subsidiaries, has not been filed. The Company agrees to furnish a copy of such instruments to the SEC upon request.
|  | (b) |  | Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement, dated as of March 18, 2010, between PulteGroup, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as rights agent, which includes the Form of Rights Certificate as Exhibit B thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 of PulteGroup, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A/A filed with the SEC on March 23, 2010)
(10) |  | (a) |  | 1995 Stock Incentive Plan for Key Employees (Incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement dated March 31, 1995, and as Exhibit 4.1 of our Registration Statement on Form S-8, Registration No. 33-99218)
|  | (b) |  | PulteGroup, Inc. 401(k) Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of our Registration Statement on Form S-8, No. 333-115570)
|  | (c) |  | Intercreditor and Subordination Agreement, dated October 1, 2003, among Asset Seven Corp., Pulte Realty Corporation, certain subsidiaries of PulteGroup, Inc., Bank One, NA, as Administrative Agent, and Bank One Trust Company, National Association, as Trustee (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f) to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003)

98

|  | (d) |  | Facility Agreement dated as of June 23, 2009 among PulteGroup, Inc., Various Financial Institutions, and Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 26, 2009)
|  | (e) |  | PulteGroup, Inc. 2000 Stock Incentive Plan for Key Employees (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of our Registration Statement on Form S-8, Registration No. 333-66284)
|  | (f) |  | PulteGroup, Inc. 2000 Stock Plan for Nonemployee Directors (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of our Registration Statement on Form S-8, Registration No. 333-66284)
|  | (g) |  | PulteGroup, Inc. 2002 Stock Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement dated April 3, 2002 and as Exhibit 4.3 of our Registration Statement on Form S-8, No. 333-123223)
|  | (h) |  | PulteGroup, Inc. 2008 Senior Management Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement dated April 7, 2008)
|  | (i) |  | PulteGroup, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Program (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 20, 2008)
|  | (j) |  | Form of PulteGroup, Inc. Long Term Incentive Award Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 20, 2008)
|  | (k) |  | Form of PulteGroup, Inc. 2008-2010 Grant Acceptance Agreement - Company Performance Measures (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 20, 2008)
|  | (l) |  | Form of PulteGroup, Inc. 2008-2010 Grant Acceptance Agreement - Individual Performance Measures (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 20, 2008)
|  | (m) |  | PulteGroup, Inc. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan (as Amended and Restated as of July 9, 2009) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2009)
|  | (n) |  | Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (as amended) under PulteGroup, Inc. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2010)
|  | (o) |  | Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (as amended) under PulteGroup, Inc. 2000 Stock Incentive Plan for Key Employees ( Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2010)
|  | (p) |  | Form of Stock Option Agreement under PulteGroup, Inc. 2002 and 2004 Stock Incentive Plans (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(s) of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007)
|  | (q) |  | Form of Stock Option Agreement (as amended) under PulteGroup, Inc. 2002 and 2004 Stock Incentive Plans (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(t) of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007)
|  | (r) |  | Form of Performance Share Award Agreement under PulteGroup, Inc. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(w) of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 )
|  | (s) |  | Centex Corporation Amended and Restated 1987 Stock Option Plan (Amended and Restated Effective February 11, 2009) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of Centex’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on February 13, 2009)
|  | (t) |  | Amended and Restated Centex Corporation 2001 Stock Plan (Amended and Restated Effective February 11, 2009) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Centex’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on February 13, 2009)
|  | (u) |  | Form of stock option agreement for the Amended and Restated Centex Corporation 2001 Stock Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of Centex’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2008)
|  | (v) |  | Centex Corporation 2003 Equity Incentive Plan (Amended and Restated Effective February 11, 2009) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Centex’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on February 13, 2009)

99

|  | (w) |  | Form of stock option agreement for the Centex Corporation 2003 Equity Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 of Centex’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2008)
|  | (x) |  | PulteGroup, Inc. Long Term Compensation Deferral Plan (As Amended and Restated Effective January 1, 2004) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2006)
|  | (y) |  | PulteGroup, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors (as Amended and Restated Effective December 8, 2009) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(al) of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009)
|  | (z) |  | Assignment and Assumption Agreement dated as of August 18, 2009 between PulteGroup, Inc. and Centex Corporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on August 20, 2009)
|  | (aa) |  | Form of Performance Award Agreement under PulteGroup, Inc. 2008 Senior Management Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012)
|  | (ab) |  | Clarification of Offer Letter to Deborah Meyer dated as of April 26, 2011 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011)
|  | (ac) |  | Offer Letter dated as of May 9, 2011, between PulteGroup, Inc. and Robert T. O'Shaughnessy (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 9, 2011)
|  | (ad) |  | Master Repurchase Agreement dated as of September 28, 2012 among Comerica Bank, as Agent and a Buyer, the other Buyers party hereto and Pulte Mortgage LLC, as Seller (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 2, 2012)
|  | (ae) |  | Separation Agreement dated as of November 30, 2012, between PulteGroup, Inc. and John B. Bertero III (Incorporated by referenced to Exhibit 10.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 4, 2012)
(12) |  |  |  | Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges at December 31, 2012 (Filed herewith)
(21) |  |  |  | Subsidiaries of the Registrant (Filed herewith)
(23) |  |  |  | Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (Filed herewith)
(31) |  | (a) |  | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification by Richard J. Dugas, Jr., Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer (Filed herewith)
|  | (b) |  | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification by Robert T. O'Shaughnessy, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Filed herewith)
(32) |  |  |  | Certification Pursuant to 18 United States Code § 1350 and Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Filed herewith)
101.INS |  |  |  | XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH |  |  |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL |  |  |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF |  |  |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB |  |  |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE |  |  |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

100

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
PULTEGROUP, INC.
(Registrant)

February 6, 2013 | By: |  | /s/ Robert T. O'Shaughnessy
|  |  | Robert T. O'Shaughnessy
|  |  | Executive Vice President
|  |  | and Chief Financial Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capabilities and on the dates indicated:

Signature |  | Title |  | Date
/s/ Richard J. Dugas, Jr. |  | Chairman of the Board of Directors, President, and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |  | February 6, 2013
Richard J. Dugas, Jr. |  |  |
/s/ Robert T. O'Shaughnessy |  | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |  | February 6, 2013
Robert T. O'Shaughnessy |  |  |
/s/ Michael J. Schweninger |  | Vice President and Controller (Principal Accounting Officer) |  | February 6, 2013
Michael J. Schweninger |  |  |
/s/ Brian P. Anderson |  | Member of Board of Directors |  | February 6, 2013
Brian P. Anderson |  |  |
/s/ Bryce Blair |  | Member of Board of Directors |  | February 6, 2013
Bryce Blair |  |  |
/s/ Thomas J. Folliard |  | Member of Board of Directors |  | February 6, 2013
Thomas J. Folliard |  |  |
/s/ Cheryl W. Grisé |  | Member of Board of Directors |  | February 6, 2013
Cheryl W. Grisé |  |  |
/s/ Debra J. Kelly-Ennis |  | Member of Board of Directors |  | February 6, 2013
Debra J. Kelly-Ennis |  |  |
/s/ David N. McCammon |  | Member of Board of Directors |  | February 6, 2013
David N. McCammon |  |  |
/s/ Patrick J. O’Leary |  | Member of Board of Directors |  | February 6, 2013
Patrick J. O’Leary |  |  |
/s/ James J. Postl |  | Member of Board of Directors |  | February 6, 2013
James J. Postl |  |  |
/s/ Bernard W. Reznicek |  | Member of Board of Directors |  | February 6, 2013
Bernard W. Reznicek |  |  |

101