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Basis of Presentation | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Basis of presentation | Basis of presentation PulteGroup, Inc. is one of the largest homebuilders in the United States ("U.S."), and our common shares trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “PHM”. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms "PulteGroup", the "Company", "we", "us", and "our" used herein refer to PulteGroup, Inc. and its subsidiaries. While our subsidiaries engage primarily in the homebuilding business, we also engage in mortgage banking operations, conducted through Pulte Mortgage LLC (“Pulte Mortgage”), title services, and insurance brokerage operations. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal, recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. Use of estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Reclassifications Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. Subsequent events We evaluated subsequent events up until the time the financial statements were filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). Other expense, net Other expense, net consists of the following ($000’s omitted):
| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
September 30, |  | September 30,
2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs | $ | (3,136 | ) |  | $ | (2,680 | ) |  | $ | (7,398 | ) |  | $ | (9,397 | )
Amortization of intangible assets | (3,450 | ) |  | (3,450 | ) |  | (10,350 | ) |  | (10,350 | )
Interest income | 1,842 |  |  | 485 |  |  | 3,240 |  |  | 1,917 |
Interest expense | (152 | ) |  | (101 | ) |  | (460 | ) |  | (371 | )
Equity in earnings (loss) of unconsolidated entities (a) | 886 |  |  | 415 |  |  | 2,112 |  |  | (4,154 | )
Miscellaneous, net | 522 |  |  | (951 | ) |  | 6,103 |  |  | (6,084 | )
Total other expense, net | $ | (3,488 | ) |  | $ | (6,282 | ) |  | $ | (6,753 | ) |  | $ | (28,439 | )
(a) | Includes an $8.0 million impairment of an investment in an unconsolidated entity in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 (see Note 2).
Revenue recognition Home sale revenues - Home sale revenues and related profit are generally recognized when title to and possession of the home are transferred to the buyer at the home closing date. Our performance obligation to deliver the agreed-upon home is generally satisfied in less than one year from the original contract date. Home sale contract assets consist of cash from home closings held in escrow for our benefit, typically for less than five days, which are considered deposits in-transit and classified as cash. Contract liabilities include customer deposit liabilities related to sold but undelivered homes, which totaled $342.4 million and $250.8 million at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Substantially all of our home sales are scheduled to close and be recorded to revenue within one year from the date of receiving a customer deposit. See Note 8 for information on warranties and related obligations. Land sale revenues - We periodically elect to sell parcels of land to third parties in the event such assets no longer fit into our strategic operating plans or are zoned for commercial or other development. Land sales are generally outright sales of specified land parcels with cash consideration due on the closing date, which is generally when performance obligations are satisfied. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we closed on a number of land sale transactions that generated gains totaling $28.9 million, as the proceeds from the sales exceeded the cost basis of the land. Substantially all performance obligations related to these transactions were satisfied at closing. Financial services revenues - Loan origination fees, commitment fees, and certain direct loan origination costs are recognized as incurred. Expected gains and losses from the sale of residential mortgage loans and their related servicing rights are included in the measurement of written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through Financial Services revenues at the time of commitment. Subsequent changes in the fair value of these loans are reflected in Financial Services revenues as they occur. Interest income is accrued from the date a mortgage loan is originated until the loan is sold. Mortgage servicing fees represent fees earned for servicing loans for various investors. Servicing fees are based on a contractual percentage of the outstanding principal balance and are credited to income when related mortgage payments are received or the sub-servicing fees are earned. Revenues associated with our title operations are recognized as closing services are rendered and title insurance policies are issued, both of which generally occur as each home is closed. Insurance brokerage commissions relate to commissions on homeowner and other insurance policies placed with third party carriers through various agency channels. Our performance obligations for policy renewal commissions are satisfied upon issuance of the initial policy, and related contract assets for estimated future renewal commissions are included in other assets and totaled $30.4 million at September 30, 2018. Contract assets totaling $27.7 million were recognized on January 1, 2018, in conjunction with the adoption of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" ("ASC 606"). Refer to "New accounting pronouncements" within Note 1 for further discussion. Earnings per share Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders (the “Numerator”) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, adjusted for unvested shares (the “Denominator”) for the period. Computing diluted earnings per share is similar to computing basic earnings per share, except that the Denominator is increased to include the dilutive effects of stock options, unvested restricted shares, unvested restricted share units, and other potentially dilutive instruments. Any stock options that have an exercise price greater than the average market price are considered to be anti-dilutive and are excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation. In accordance with ASC 260 "Earnings Per Share", the two-class method determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating securities according to an earnings allocation formula that adjusts the Numerator for dividends or dividend equivalents and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are participating securities and, therefore, are included in computing earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. Our outstanding restricted share awards, restricted share units, and deferred shares are considered participating securities. The following table presents the earnings per common share (000's omitted, except per share data):
| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
September 30, |  | September 30,
2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income | $ | 289,535 |  |  | $ | 177,539 |  |  | $ | 784,375 |  |  | $ | 369,807 |
Less: earnings distributed to participating securities | (279 | ) |  | (294 | ) |  | (874 | ) |  | (899 | )
Less: undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities | (2,871 | ) |  | (1,645 | ) |  | (7,752 | ) |  | (2,837 | )
Numerator for basic earnings per share | $ | 286,385 |  |  | $ | 175,600 |  |  | $ | 775,749 |  |  | $ | 366,071 |
Add back: undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities | 2,871 |  |  | 1,645 |  |  | 7,752 |  |  | 2,837 |
Less: undistributed earnings reallocated to participating securities | (2,859 | ) |  | (1,636 | ) |  | (7,724 | ) |  | (2,820 | )
Numerator for diluted earnings per share | $ | 286,397 |  |  | $ | 175,609 |  |  | $ | 775,777 |  |  | $ | 366,088 |
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic shares outstanding | 283,489 |  |  | 298,538 |  |  | 285,127 |  |  | 309,453 |
Effect of dilutive securities | 1,183 |  |  | 1,690 |  |  | 1,301 |  |  | 1,861 |
Diluted shares outstanding | 284,672 |  |  | 300,228 |  |  | 286,428 |  |  | 311,314 |
Earnings per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 1.01 |  |  | $ | 0.59 |  |  | $ | 2.72 |  |  | $ | 1.18 |
Diluted | $ | 1.01 |  |  | $ | 0.58 |  |  | $ | 2.71 |  |  | $ | 1.18 |
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale Substantially all of the loans originated by us are sold in the secondary mortgage market within a short period of time after origination, generally within 30 days. At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, residential mortgage loans available-for-sale had an aggregate fair value of $349.8 million and $570.6 million, respectively, and an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $341.8 million and $553.5 million, respectively. The net gain (loss) resulting from changes in fair value of these loans totaled $(0.7) million and $0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $(1.0) million and $(3.4) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. These changes in fair value were substantially offset by changes in the fair value of corresponding hedging instruments. Net gains from the sale of mortgages were $27.8 million and $27.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $83.9 million and $80.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and have been included in Financial Services revenues. Derivative instruments and hedging activities We are party to interest rate lock commitments ("IRLCs") with customers resulting from our mortgage origination operations. At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we had aggregate IRLCs of $434.9 million and $210.9 million, respectively, which were originated at interest rates prevailing at the date of commitment. Since we can terminate a loan commitment if the borrower does not comply with the terms of the contract, and some loan commitments may expire without being drawn upon, these commitments do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. We evaluate the creditworthiness of these transactions through our normal credit policies. We hedge our exposure to interest rate market risk relating to residential mortgage loans available-for-sale and IRLCs using forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities, which are commitments to either purchase or sell a specified financial instrument at a specified future date for a specified price, and whole loan investor commitments, which are obligations of an investor to buy loans at a specified price within a specified time period. Forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities are the predominant derivative financial instruments we use to minimize market risk during the period from the time we extend an interest rate lock to a loan applicant until the time the loan is sold to an investor. At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we had unexpired forward contracts of $579.0 million and $522.0 million, respectively, and whole loan investor commitments of $171.4 million and $203.1 million, respectively. Changes in the fair value of IRLCs and other derivative financial instruments are recognized in Financial Services revenues, and the fair values are reflected in other assets or other liabilities, as applicable. There are no credit-risk-related contingent features within our derivative agreements, and counterparty risk is considered minimal. Gains and losses on IRLCs and residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are substantially offset by corresponding gains or losses on forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities and whole loan investor commitments. We are generally not exposed to variability in cash flows of derivative instruments for more than approximately 60 days. The fair values of derivative instruments and their locations in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are summarized below ($000’s omitted):
| September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
| Other Assets |  | Accrued and Other Liabilities |  | Other Assets |  | Accrued and Other Liabilities
Interest rate lock commitments | $ | 10,536 |  |  | $ | 1,275 |  |  | $ | 5,990 |  |  | $ | 407 |
Forward contracts | 2,865 |  |  | 239 |  |  | 432 |  |  | 817 |
Whole loan commitments | 943 |  |  | 326 |  |  | 794 |  |  | 941 |
| $ | 14,344 |  |  | $ | 1,840 |  |  | $ | 7,216 |  |  | $ | 2,165 |
New accounting pronouncements On January 1, 2018, we adopted ASC 606, which is a comprehensive new revenue recognition model that requires revenue to be recognized in a manner to depict the transfer of goods or services and satisfaction of performance obligations to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration expected to be received in exchange for those goods or services. We applied the modified retrospective method to contracts that were not completed as of January 1, 2018. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the previous accounting standards. We recorded a net increase to opening retained earnings of $22.4 million, net of tax, as of January 1, 2018, due to the cumulative impact of adopting ASC 606, with the impact primarily related to the recognition of contract assets for insurance brokerage commission renewals. There was not a material impact to revenues as a result of applying ASC 606 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, and there have not been significant changes to our business processes, systems, or internal controls as a result of implementing the standard. We adopted Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-15, "Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments" ("ASU 2016-15"), as of January 1, 2018, on a retrospective basis. ASU 2016-15 addresses several specific cash flow issues. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 had no effect on our financial statements. ASC 842, "Leases", becomes effective for us for annual and interim periods beginning January 1, 2019. The standard requires a modified retrospective transition approach for all leases existing at, or entered into after, the date of initial application. While the recognition of right-of-use assets and related liabilities will have a material effect on our consolidated balance sheets, we do not expect a material impact on our consolidated statements of operations or cash flows. We continue to evaluate the full impact of the new standard, including the impact on our business processes, systems, and internal controls. In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments", which changes the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments from an "incurred loss" approach to a new "expected credit loss" methodology. The standard is effective for us for annual and interim periods beginning January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted, and requires full retrospective application on adoption. We are currently evaluating the impact the standard will have on our financial statements. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment", which removes the requirement to perform a hypothetical purchase price allocation to measure goodwill impairment. Under the new standard, goodwill impairment will now be determined by evaluating the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. The standard is effective for us for annual and interim periods beginning January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted, and applied prospectively. We do not expect the standard to have a material impact on our financial statements.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the basis of presentation and significant accounting policies concepts. Basis of presentation describes the underlying basis used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS). Accounting policies describe all significant accounting policies of the reporting entity. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122369 + Details
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