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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
| OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022
or

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
| OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 1-9804
PULTEGROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Michigan | 38-2766606
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

3350 Peachtree Road NE, Suite 1500
Atlanta, | Georgia | 30326
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: | 404 | 978-6400

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class |  | Trading Symbol(s) |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Shares, par value $0.01 |  | PHM |  | New York Stock Exchange
Series A Junior Participating Preferred Share Purchase Rights |  |  |  | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer |  | Accelerated filer |  | Non-accelerated filer |  | Smaller reporting company | Emerging growth company
☒ |  | ☐ |  | ☐ |  | ☐ | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes | ☐ | No | ☒ |

Number of common shares outstanding as of October 18, 2022: 227,819,724
1

PULTEGROUP, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

|  | Page No.
PART I | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1 | Financial Statements |
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 | 3
| Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 | 4
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 | 5
| Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 | 6
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 | 8
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 9
Item 2 | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 23
Item 3 | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 39
Item 4 | Controls and Procedures | 40
PART II | OTHER INFORMATION | 41
Item 1 | Legal Proceedings | 41
Item 1A | Risk Factors | 41
Item 2 | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 41
Item 6 | Exhibits | 42
| Signatures | 44

2

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
PULTEGROUP, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
($000’s omitted)

| September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
| (Unaudited) |  |
ASSETS |  |  |
Cash and equivalents | $ | 231,301 |  |  | $ | 1,779,088 |
Restricted cash | 60,097 |  |  | 54,477 |
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | 291,398 |  |  | 1,833,565 |
House and land inventory | 11,773,077 |  |  | 9,047,569 |
Land held for sale | 36,997 |  |  | 29,276 |
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale | 438,205 |  |  | 947,139 |
Investments in unconsolidated entities | 158,085 |  |  | 98,155 |
Other assets | 1,266,360 |  |  | 1,110,966 |
Intangible assets | 138,571 |  |  | 146,923 |
Deferred tax assets | 109,151 |  |  | 139,038 |
| $ | 14,211,844 |  |  | $ | 13,352,631 |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |
Liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 599,357 |  |  | $ | 621,168 |
Customer deposits | 979,528 |  |  | 844,785 |
Deferred tax liabilities | 179,141 |  |  | 165,519 |
Accrued and other liabilities | 1,587,458 |  |  | 1,576,478 |
Financial Services debt | 338,190 |  |  | 626,123 |
Revolving credit facility | 319,000 |  |  | — |
Notes payable | 2,045,167 |  |  | 2,029,043 |
| 6,047,841 |  |  | 5,863,116 |
Shareholders' equity | 8,164,003 |  |  | 7,489,515 |
| $ | 14,211,844 |  |  | $ | 13,352,631 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
3

PULTEGROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(000’s omitted, except per share data)
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Homebuilding |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Home sale revenues | $ | 3,840,449 |  |  | $ | 3,324,483 |  |  | $ | 10,720,364 |  |  | $ | 9,156,371 |
Land sale and other revenues | 30,658 |  |  | 63,085 |  |  | 97,626 |  |  | 123,321 |
| 3,871,107 |  |  | 3,387,568 |  |  | 10,817,990 |  |  | 9,279,692 |
Financial Services | 72,709 |  |  | 91,482 |  |  | 239,627 |  |  | 288,632 |
Total revenues | 3,943,816 |  |  | 3,479,050 |  |  | 11,057,617 |  |  | 9,568,324 |
Homebuilding Cost of Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Home sale cost of revenues | (2,685,596) |  |  | (2,443,074) |  |  | (7,498,027) |  |  | (6,754,204) |
Land sale and other cost of revenues | (26,314) |  |  | (47,483) |  |  | (89,971) |  |  | (103,313) |
| (2,711,910) |  |  | (2,490,557) |  |  | (7,587,998) |  |  | (6,857,517) |
Financial Services expenses | (45,323) |  |  | (42,835) |  |  | (132,655) |  |  | (122,921) |
Selling, general, and administrative expenses | (350,112) |  |  | (320,506) |  |  | (1,030,391) |  |  | (864,478) |
Loss on debt retirement | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (61,469) |
Other expense, net | (25,194) |  |  | (4,750) |  |  | (30,830) |  |  | (8,011) |
Income before income taxes | 811,277 |  |  | 620,402 |  |  | 2,275,743 |  |  | 1,653,928 |
Income tax expense | (183,349) |  |  | (144,853) |  |  | (540,657) |  |  | (370,873) |
Net income | $ | 627,928 |  |  | $ | 475,549 |  |  | $ | 1,735,086 |  |  | $ | 1,283,055 |
Per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic earnings | $ | 2.70 |  |  | $ | 1.83 |  |  | $ | 7.26 |  |  | $ | 4.86 |
Diluted earnings | $ | 2.69 |  |  | $ | 1.82 |  |  | $ | 7.22 |  |  | $ | 4.85 |
Cash dividends declared | $ | 0.15 |  |  | $ | 0.14 |  |  | $ | 0.45 |  |  | $ | 0.42 |
Number of shares used in calculation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 230,967 |  |  | 258,147 |  |  | 237,639 |  |  | 261,854 |
Effect of dilutive securities | 1,333 |  |  | 752 |  |  | 1,240 |  |  | 668 |
Diluted | 232,300 |  |  | 258,899 |  |  | 238,879 |  |  | 262,522 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
4

PULTEGROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
($000’s omitted)
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Net income | $ | 627,928 |  |  | $ | 475,549 |  |  | $ | 1,735,086 |  |  | $ | 1,283,055 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in value of derivatives | — |  |  | 25 |  |  | 45 |  |  | 75 |
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | 25 |  |  | 45 |  |  | 75 |
Comprehensive income | $ | 627,928 |  |  | $ | 475,574 |  |  | $ | 1,735,131 |  |  | $ | 1,283,130 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
5

PULTEGROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(000's omitted)
(Unaudited)

|  |  |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Retained Earnings |  | Total
Common Stock |
Shares |  | $ |
Shareholders' equity, June 30, 2022 | 232,570 |  |  | $ | 2,326 |  |  | $ | 3,319,150 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,423,740 |  |  | $ | 7,745,216 |
Share issuances | 41 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Dividends declared | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (34,624) |  |  | (34,624) |
Share repurchases | (4,379) |  |  | (44) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (180,402) |  |  | (180,446) |
Cash paid for shares withheld for taxes | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (711) |  |  | (711) |
Share-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,640 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,640 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 627,928 |  |  | 627,928 |
Shareholders' equity, September 30, 2022 | 228,232 |  |  | $ | 2,282 |  |  | $ | 3,325,790 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,835,931 |  |  | $ | 8,164,003 |
Shareholders' equity, December 31, 2021 | 249,326 |  |  | $ | 2,493 |  |  | $ | 3,290,791 |  |  | $ | (45) |  |  | $ | 4,196,276 |  |  | $ | 7,489,515 |
Share issuances | 675 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 6,024 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,030 |
Dividends declared | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (106,650) |  |  | (106,650) |
Share repurchases | (21,769) |  |  | (217) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (974,456) |  |  | (974,673) |
Cash paid for shares withheld for taxes | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (14,325) |  |  | (14,325) |
Share-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 28,975 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 28,975 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,735,086 |  |  | 1,735,086 |
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 45 |  |  | — |  |  | 45 |
Shareholders' equity, September 30, 2022 | 228,232 |  |  | $ | 2,282 |  |  | $ | 3,325,790 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,835,931 |  |  | $ | 8,164,003 |

6

|  |  |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Retained Earnings |  | Total
Common Stock |
Shares |  | $ |
Shareholders' equity, June 30, 2021 | 260,067 |  |  | $ | 2,600 |  |  | $ | 3,280,779 |  |  | $ | (95) |  |  | $ | 3,675,184 |  |  | $ | 6,958,468 |
Share issuances | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Dividends declared | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (36,166) |  |  | (36,166) |
Share repurchases | (5,102) |  |  | (50) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (260,550) |  |  | (260,600) |
Cash paid for shares withheld for taxes | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (35) |  |  | (35) |
Share-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,511 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,511 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 475,549 |  |  | 475,549 |
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 25 |  |  | — |  |  | 25 |
Shareholders' equity, September 30, 2021 | 254,966 |  |  | $ | 2,550 |  |  | $ | 3,285,290 |  |  | $ | (70) |  |  | $ | 3,853,982 |  |  | $ | 7,141,752 |
Shareholders' equity, December 31, 2020 | 266,464 |  |  | $ | 2,665 |  |  | $ | 3,261,412 |  |  | $ | (145) |  |  | $ | 3,306,057 |  |  | $ | 6,569,989 |
Stock option exercises | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |
Share issuances | 518 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 4,176 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,181 |
Dividends declared | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (110,305) |  |  | (110,305) |
Share repurchases | (12,017) |  |  | (120) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (614,183) |  |  | (614,303) |
Cash paid for shares withheld for taxes | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (10,642) |  |  | (10,642) |
Share-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 19,691 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 19,691 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,283,055 |  |  | 1,283,055 |
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 75 |  |  | — |  |  | 75 |
Shareholders' equity, September 30, 2021 | 254,966 |  |  | $ | 2,550 |  |  | $ | 3,285,290 |  |  | $ | (70) |  |  | $ | 3,853,982 |  |  | $ | 7,141,752 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
7

PULTEGROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
($000’s omitted)
(Unaudited)

| Nine Months Ended
| September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 1,735,086 |  |  | $ | 1,283,055 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities: |  |  |
Deferred income tax expense | 43,485 |  |  | 12,842 |
Land-related charges | 32,475 |  |  | 6,820 |
Loss on debt retirement | — |  |  | 61,469 |
Depreciation and amortization | 51,934 |  |  | 53,023 |
Share-based compensation expense | 39,520 |  |  | 28,439 |
Other, net | (160) |  |  | (3,274) |
Increase (decrease) in cash due to: |  |  |
Inventories | (2,706,142) |  |  | (1,137,351) |
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale | 507,861 |  |  | (36,816) |
Other assets | (127,173) |  |  | (114,879) |
Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities | 119,189 |  |  | 394,897 |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | (303,925) |  |  | 548,225 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |
Capital expenditures | (88,585) |  |  | (52,134) |
Investments in unconsolidated entities | (58,154) |  |  | (35,812) |
Distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities | 3,413 |  |  | 11,500 |
Business acquisition | (10,400) |  |  | (10,400) |
Other investing activities, net | (964) |  |  | 378 |
Net cash used in investing activities | (154,690) |  |  | (86,468) |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |
Repayments of notes payable | (4,856) |  |  | (797,395) |
Borrowings under revolving credit facility | 1,925,000 |  |  | — |
Repayments under revolving credit facility | (1,606,000) |  |  | — |
Financial Services borrowings (repayments), net | (287,933) |  |  | 64,684 |
Debt issuance costs | (11,167) |  |  | — |
Stock option exercises | — |  |  | 11 |
Share repurchases | (974,673) |  |  | (614,303) |
Cash paid for shares withheld for taxes | (14,326) |  |  | (10,642) |
Dividends paid | (109,597) |  |  | (111,696) |
Net cash used in financing activities | (1,083,552) |  |  | (1,469,341) |
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | (1,542,167) |  |  | (1,007,584) |
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period | 1,833,565 |  |  | 2,632,235 |
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period | $ | 291,398 |  |  | $ | 1,624,651 |
Supplemental Cash Flow Information: |  |  |
Interest paid (capitalized), net | $ | 5,642 |  |  | $ | 16,483 |
Income taxes paid (refunded), net | $ | 493,559 |  |  | $ | 335,487 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
8

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
1. Basis of presentation
PulteGroup, Inc. is one of the largest homebuilders in the United States ("U.S."), and our common shares trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “PHM”. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms "PulteGroup", the "Company", "we", "us", and "our" used herein refer to PulteGroup, Inc. and its subsidiaries. While our subsidiaries engage primarily in the homebuilding business, we also engage in mortgage banking operations, conducted through Pulte Mortgage LLC (“Pulte Mortgage”), and title and insurance brokerage operations.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal, recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Subsequent events
We evaluated subsequent events up until the time the financial statements were filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC").
Other expense, net
Other expense, net consists of the following ($000’s omitted):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
September 30, |  | September 30,
2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs | $ | (24,462) |  |  | $ | (3,567) |  |  | $ | (32,475) |  |  | $ | (6,801) |
Amortization of intangible assets | (2,766) |  |  | (3,612) |  |  | (8,353) |  |  | (13,571) |
Interest income | 370 |  |  | 436 |  |  | 1,048 |  |  | 1,541 |
Interest expense | (65) |  |  | (115) |  |  | (216) |  |  | (387) |
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities | 446 |  |  | 604 |  |  | 2,390 |  |  | 5,620 |
Miscellaneous, net | 1,283 |  |  | 1,504 |  |  | 6,776 |  |  | 5,587 |
Total other expense, net | $ | (25,194) |  |  | $ | (4,750) |  |  | $ | (30,830) |  |  | $ | (8,011) |

Revenue recognition
Home sale revenues - Home sale revenues and related profit are generally recognized when title to and possession of the home are transferred to the buyer, and our performance obligation to deliver the agreed-upon home is generally satisfied at the home closing date. Home sale contract assets consist of cash from home closings held in escrow for our benefit, typically for less than five days, which are considered deposits in-transit and classified as cash. Contract liabilities include customer deposits related to sold but undelivered homes, which totaled $979.5 million and $844.8 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Substantially all of our home sales are scheduled to close and be recorded to revenue within one year from the date of receiving a customer deposit. See Note 8 for information on warranties and related obligations.
9

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Land sale and other revenues - We periodically elect to sell parcels of land to third parties in the event such assets no longer fit into our strategic operating plans or are zoned for commercial or other development. Land sales are generally outright sales of specified land parcels with cash consideration due on the closing date, which is generally when performance obligations are satisfied. Revenues related to our construction services operations are generally recognized as materials are delivered and installation services are provided.
Financial services revenues - Loan origination fees, commitment fees, and certain direct loan origination costs are recognized as incurred. Expected gains and losses from the sale of residential mortgage loans and their related servicing rights are included in the measurement of written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through Financial Services revenues at the time of commitment. Subsequent changes in the fair value of these loans are reflected in Financial Services revenues as they occur. Interest income is accrued from the date a mortgage loan is originated until the loan is sold. Mortgage servicing fees represent fees earned for servicing loans. Servicing fees are based on a contractual percentage of the outstanding principal balance and are credited to income when related mortgage payments are received.
Revenues associated with our title operations are recognized as closing services are rendered and title insurance policies are issued, both of which generally occur as each home is closed. Insurance brokerage commissions relate to commissions on homeowner and other insurance policies placed with third-party carriers through various agency channels. Our performance obligations for policy renewal commissions are considered satisfied upon issuance of the initial policy. The related contract assets for estimated future renewal commissions are included in other assets and totaled $51.6 million and $44.3 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders (the “Numerator”) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, adjusted for unvested shares (the “Denominator”) for the period. Computing diluted earnings per share is similar to computing basic earnings per share, except that the Denominator is increased to include the dilutive effects of unvested restricted share units and other potentially dilutive instruments.
In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 260, "Earnings Per Share", the two-class method determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating securities according to an earnings allocation formula that adjusts the Numerator for dividends or dividend equivalents and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are participating securities and, therefore, are included in computing earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. Certain of our outstanding restricted share units and deferred shares are considered participating securities. The following table presents the earnings per common share (000's omitted, except per share data):
10

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
September 30, |  | September 30,
2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income | $ | 627,928 |  |  | $ | 475,549 |  |  | $ | 1,735,086 |  |  | $ | 1,283,055 |
Less: earnings distributed to participating securities | (202) |  |  | (296) |  |  | (635) |  |  | (887) |
Less: undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities | (3,534) |  |  | (3,546) |  |  | (10,288) |  |  | (9,559) |
Numerator for basic earnings per share | $ | 624,192 |  |  | $ | 471,707 |  |  | $ | 1,724,163 |  |  | $ | 1,272,609 |
Add back: undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities | 3,534 |  |  | 3,546 |  |  | 10,288 |  |  | 9,559 |
Less: undistributed earnings reallocated to participating securities | (3,508) |  |  | (3,536) |  |  | (10,218) |  |  | (9,535) |
Numerator for diluted earnings per share | $ | 624,218 |  |  | $ | 471,717 |  |  | $ | 1,724,233 |  |  | $ | 1,272,633 |
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic shares outstanding | 230,967 |  |  | 258,147 |  |  | 237,639 |  |  | 261,854 |
Effect of dilutive securities | 1,333 |  |  | 752 |  |  | 1,240 |  |  | 668 |
Diluted shares outstanding | 232,300 |  |  | 258,899 |  |  | 238,879 |  |  | 262,522 |
Earnings per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 2.70 |  |  | $ | 1.83 |  |  | $ | 7.26 |  |  | $ | 4.86 |
Diluted | $ | 2.69 |  |  | $ | 1.82 |  |  | $ | 7.22 |  |  | $ | 4.85 |

Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale
Substantially all of the loans originated by us are sold in the secondary mortgage market within a short period of time after origination, generally within 30 days. At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, residential mortgage loans available-for-sale had an aggregate fair value of $438.2 million and $947.1 million, respectively, and an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $454.7 million and $924.5 million, respectively. Net gains from the sale of mortgages were $34.4 million and $58.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $131.9 million and $192.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and have been included in Financial Services revenues.
Derivative instruments and hedging activities
We are party to interest rate lock commitments ("IRLCs") with customers resulting from our mortgage origination operations. At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we had aggregate IRLCs of $1.3 billion and $337.9 million, respectively, which were originated at interest rates prevailing at the date of commitment. Since we can terminate a loan commitment if the borrower does not comply with the terms of the contract, and some loan commitments may expire without being drawn upon, these commitments do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. We evaluate the creditworthiness of these transactions through our normal credit policies.
We hedge our exposure to interest rate market risk relating to residential mortgage loans available-for-sale and IRLCs using forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities, which are commitments to either purchase or sell a specified financial instrument at a specified future date for a specified price, and whole loan investor commitments, which are obligations of an investor to buy loans at a specified price within a specified time period. Forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities are the predominant derivative financial instruments we use to minimize market risk during the period from the time we extend an interest rate lock to a loan applicant until the time the loan is sold to an investor. At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we had unexpired forward contracts of $1.5 billion and $903.0 million, respectively, and whole loan investor commitments of $270.9 million and $310.0 million, respectively. Changes in the fair value of IRLCs and other derivative financial instruments are recognized in Financial Services revenues, and the fair values are reflected in other assets or other liabilities, as applicable.
11

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
There are no credit-risk-related contingent features within our derivative agreements, and counterparty risk is considered minimal. Gains and losses on IRLCs and residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are substantially offset by corresponding gains or losses on forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities and whole loan investor commitments. We are generally not exposed to variability in cash flows of derivative instruments for more than approximately 90 days. The fair values of derivative instruments and their locations in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are summarized below ($000’s omitted):

| September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
| Other Assets |  | Accrued and Other Liabilities |  | Other Assets |  | Accrued and Other Liabilities
Interest rate lock commitments | $ | 3,183 |  |  | $ | 23,457 |  |  | $ | 8,582 |  |  | $ | 33 |
Forward contracts | 66,620 |  |  | 163 |  |  | 757 |  |  | 1,336 |
Whole loan commitments | 1,300 |  |  | 35 |  |  | 384 |  |  | 4 |
| $ | 71,103 |  |  | $ | 23,655 |  |  | $ | 9,723 |  |  | $ | 1,373 |

Mortgage interest rates in the United States increased significantly during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Due to the time between entering contracts and the subsequent closing of the underlying homes and related mortgage loans with customers, the increase in rates has resulted in a significant decrease in the value of our IRLCs with generally offsetting increases in the value of our forward contracts and whole loan commitments.
Credit losses
We are exposed to credit losses primarily through our vendors and insurance carriers. We assess and monitor each counterparty’s ability to pay amounts owed by considering contractual terms and conditions, the counterparty’s financial condition, macroeconomic factors, and business strategy.
At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we reported $215.9 million and $208.4 million, respectively, of assets in-scope under ASC 326, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses". These assets consist primarily of insurance receivables, contract assets related to insurance brokerage commissions, and vendor rebate receivables. Counterparties associated with these assets are generally highly rated. Allowances on the aforementioned in-scope assets were not material as of September 30, 2022.
New accounting pronouncements
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848)”, as amended by ASU 2021-01 in January 2021, which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by the cessation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or by another reference rate expected to be discontinued. The guidance was effective beginning March 12, 2020 and can be applied prospectively through December 31, 2022. We are currently evaluating the effect that such new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures, but do not expect that the adoption will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements or related disclosures.
2. Inventory
Major components of inventory were as follows ($000’s omitted):

| September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Homes under construction | $ | 6,435,318 |  |  | $ | 4,225,309 |
Land under development | 4,653,319 |  |  | 4,091,015 |
Raw land | 684,440 |  |  | 731,245 |
| $ | 11,773,077 |  |  | $ | 9,047,569 |

We capitalize interest cost into inventory during the active development and construction of our communities. In all periods presented, we capitalized substantially all Homebuilding interest costs into inventory because the level of our active inventory exceeded our debt levels. Information related to interest capitalized into inventory is as follows ($000’s omitted):
12

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Interest in inventory, beginning of period | $ | 151,554 |  |  | $ | 185,433 |  |  | $ | 160,756 |  |  | $ | 193,409 |
Interest capitalized | 33,235 |  |  | 31,707 |  |  | 96,156 |  |  | 97,809 |
Interest expensed | (41,120) |  |  | (41,897) |  |  | (113,243) |  |  | (115,975) |
Interest in inventory, end of period | $ | 143,669 |  |  | $ | 175,243 |  |  | $ | 143,669 |  |  | $ | 175,243 |

Land option agreements
We enter into land option agreements in order to procure land for the construction of homes in the future. Pursuant to these land option agreements, we generally provide a deposit to the seller as consideration for the right to purchase land at different times in the future, usually at predetermined prices. Such contracts enable us to defer acquiring portions of properties owned by third parties or unconsolidated entities until we have determined whether and when to exercise our option, which reduces our financial risks associated with long-term land holdings. Option deposits and pre-acquisition costs (such as environmental testing, surveys, engineering, and entitlement costs) are capitalized if the costs are directly identifiable with the land under option, the costs would be capitalized if we owned the land, and acquisition of the property is probable. Such costs are reflected in other assets and are reclassified to inventory upon taking title to the land. We write off deposits and pre-acquisition costs when it becomes probable that we will not go forward with the project or recover the capitalized costs. Such decisions take into consideration changes in local market conditions, the timing of required land purchases, the availability and best use of necessary incremental capital, and other factors. We record any such write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs within other expense, net. We recorded $24.5 million and $3.6 million of such charges during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $32.5 million and $6.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
If an entity holding the land under option is a variable interest entity ("VIE"), our deposit represents a variable interest in that entity. No VIEs required consolidation at either September 30, 2022 or December 31, 2021 because we determined that we were not any VIE's primary beneficiary. Our maximum exposure to loss related to these VIEs is generally limited to our deposits and pre-acquisition costs under the land option agreements. The following provides a summary of our interests in land option agreements as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 ($000’s omitted):

| September 30, 2022 |  |  |  | December 31, 2021
| Deposits and Pre-acquisition Costs |  | Remaining Purchase Price |  |  |  | Deposits and Pre-acquisition Costs |  | Remaining Purchase Price |  |
Land options with VIEs | $ | 194,845 |  |  | $ | 2,361,581 |  |  |  |  | $ | 179,604 |  |  | $ | 2,329,187 |  |  |
Other land options | 254,613 |  |  | 3,654,214 |  |  |  |  | 225,318 |  |  | 3,128,691 |  |  |
| $ | 449,458 |  |  | $ | 6,015,795 |  |  |  |  | $ | 404,922 |  |  | $ | 5,457,878 |  |  |

Land-related charges
Our evaluations for land impairments, net realizable value adjustments, and write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs are based on our best estimates of the future cash flows of our communities. Due to uncertainties in the estimation process, the significant volatility in demand for new housing, the long life cycles of certain of our communities, and potential changes in our strategy related to certain communities, actual results could differ significantly from such estimates.
13

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
3. Segment information
Our Homebuilding operations are engaged in the acquisition and development of land primarily for residential purposes within the U.S. and the construction of housing on such land. For reporting purposes, our Homebuilding operations are aggregated into six reportable segments:

Northeast: |  | Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia
Southeast: |  | Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee
Florida: |  | Florida
Midwest: |  | Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio
Texas: |  | Texas
West: |  | Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Washington

We also have a reportable segment for our Financial Services operations, which consist principally of mortgage banking, title, and insurance brokerage operations that operate generally in the same markets as the Homebuilding segments.

| Operating Data by Segment ($000’s omitted)
| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | 252,986 |  |  | $ | 273,261 |  |  | $ | 665,771 |  |  | $ | 735,602 |
Southeast | 720,101 |  |  | 587,875 |  |  | 1,836,042 |  |  | 1,541,910 |
Florida | 953,778 |  |  | 740,569 |  |  | 2,714,485 |  |  | 2,157,374 |
Midwest | 562,891 |  |  | 505,012 |  |  | 1,569,332 |  |  | 1,337,416 |
Texas | 588,423 |  |  | 412,568 |  |  | 1,608,459 |  |  | 1,256,983 |
West | 792,928 |  |  | 868,283 |  |  | 2,423,901 |  |  | 2,250,407 |
| 3,871,107 |  |  | 3,387,568 |  |  | 10,817,990 |  |  | 9,279,692 |
Financial Services | 72,709 |  |  | 91,482 |  |  | 239,627 |  |  | 288,632 |
Consolidated revenues | $ | 3,943,816 |  |  | $ | 3,479,050 |  |  | $ | 11,057,617 |  |  | $ | 9,568,324 |
Income (loss) before income taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | 52,682 |  |  | $ | 53,410 |  |  | $ | 140,052 |  |  | $ | 132,604 |
Southeast | 181,667 |  |  | 109,407 |  |  | 460,056 |  |  | 274,174 |
Florida | 220,850 |  |  | 133,642 |  |  | 628,979 |  |  | 382,682 |
Midwest | 79,168 |  |  | 72,537 |  |  | 230,419 |  |  | 196,205 |
Texas | 133,404 |  |  | 71,062 |  |  | 351,253 |  |  | 221,099 |
West | 149,001 |  |  | 173,137 |  |  | 468,873 |  |  | 403,039 |
Other homebuilding (a) | (33,009) |  |  | (41,432) |  |  | (112,070) |  |  | (122,317) |
| 783,763 |  |  | 571,763 |  |  | 2,167,562 |  |  | 1,487,486 |
Financial Services | 27,514 |  |  | 48,639 |  |  | 108,181 |  |  | 166,442 |
Consolidated income before income taxes | $ | 811,277 |  |  | $ | 620,402 |  |  | $ | 2,275,743 |  |  | $ | 1,653,928 |

(a)Other homebuilding includes the amortization of intangible assets and capitalized interest and other items not allocated to the other segments. Other homebuilding also includes insurance reserve reversals of $56.6 million and a loss on debt retirement of $61.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 (see Note 8 and Note 4, respectively).
14

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

| Operating Data by Segment ($000’s omitted)
| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Land-related charges (a): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | 3,759 |  |  | $ | 223 |  |  | $ | 3,961 |  |  | $ | 357 |
Southeast | 5,889 |  |  | 1,915 |  |  | 9,724 |  |  | 3,253 |
Florida | 4,881 |  |  | 209 |  |  | 6,493 |  |  | 642 |
Midwest | 1,677 |  |  | 477 |  |  | 2,780 |  |  | 969 |
Texas | 2,794 |  |  | 141 |  |  | 3,328 |  |  | 932 |
West | 5,462 |  |  | 602 |  |  | 6,189 |  |  | 667 |
Other homebuilding | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| $ | 24,462 |  |  | $ | 3,567 |  |  | $ | 32,475 |  |  | $ | 6,820 |

(a) Land-related charges include land impairments, net realizable value adjustments on land held for sale, and write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs for land option contracts we elected not to pursue.

| Operating Data by Segment
| ($000's omitted)
| September 30, 2022
| Homes Under Construction |  | Land Under Development |  | Raw Land |  | Total Inventory |  | Total Assets
Northeast | $ | 419,660 |  |  | $ | 220,715 |  |  | $ | 50,689 |  |  | $ | 691,064 |  |  | $ | 779,447 |
Southeast | 983,353 |  |  | 489,200 |  |  | 88,649 |  |  | 1,561,202 |  |  | 1,772,806 |
Florida | 1,494,755 |  |  | 1,049,632 |  |  | 150,892 |  |  | 2,695,279 |  |  | 3,202,654 |
Midwest | 712,962 |  |  | 592,427 |  |  | 25,570 |  |  | 1,330,959 |  |  | 1,468,414 |
Texas | 832,674 |  |  | 659,635 |  |  | 127,291 |  |  | 1,619,600 |  |  | 1,786,814 |
West | 1,947,389 |  |  | 1,319,823 |  |  | 229,116 |  |  | 3,496,328 |  |  | 3,860,637 |
Other homebuilding (a) | 44,525 |  |  | 321,887 |  |  | 12,233 |  |  | 378,645 |  |  | 668,782 |
| 6,435,318 |  |  | 4,653,319 |  |  | 684,440 |  |  | 11,773,077 |  |  | 13,539,554 |
Financial Services | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 672,290 |
| $ | 6,435,318 |  |  | $ | 4,653,319 |  |  | $ | 684,440 |  |  | $ | 11,773,077 |  |  | $ | 14,211,844 |

15

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

| Operating Data by Segment
| ($000's omitted)
| December 31, 2021
| Homes Under Construction |  | Land Under Development |  | Raw Land |  | Total Inventory |  | Total Assets
Northeast | $ | 285,975 |  |  | $ | 246,128 |  |  | $ | 17,554 |  |  | $ | 549,657 |  |  | $ | 644,019 |
Southeast | 604,310 |  |  | 537,072 |  |  | 67,815 |  |  | 1,209,197 |  |  | 1,362,852 |
Florida | 943,110 |  |  | 866,266 |  |  | 289,388 |  |  | 2,098,764 |  |  | 2,545,457 |
Midwest | 527,001 |  |  | 460,279 |  |  | 15,869 |  |  | 1,003,149 |  |  | 1,132,081 |
Texas | 581,417 |  |  | 512,925 |  |  | 95,833 |  |  | 1,190,175 |  |  | 1,315,943 |
West | 1,235,457 |  |  | 1,191,834 |  |  | 227,850 |  |  | 2,655,141 |  |  | 2,955,283 |
Other homebuilding (a) | 48,039 |  |  | 276,511 |  |  | 16,936 |  |  | 341,486 |  |  | 2,314,839 |
| 4,225,309 |  |  | 4,091,015 |  |  | 731,245 |  |  | 9,047,569 |  |  | 12,270,474 |
Financial Services | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,082,157 |
| $ | 4,225,309 |  |  | $ | 4,091,015 |  |  | $ | 731,245 |  |  | $ | 9,047,569 |  |  | $ | 13,352,631 |

(a)Other homebuilding primarily includes cash and equivalents, capitalized interest, intangibles, deferred tax assets, and other corporate items that are not allocated to the operating segments.
4. Debt
Notes payable
Our notes payable are summarized as follows ($000’s omitted):

| September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
5.500% unsecured senior notes due March 2026 (a) | $ | 500,000 |  |  | $ | 500,000 |
5.000% unsecured senior notes due January 2027 (a) | 500,000 |  |  | 500,000 |
7.875% unsecured senior notes due June 2032 (a) | 300,000 |  |  | 300,000 |
6.375% unsecured senior notes due May 2033 (a) | 400,000 |  |  | 400,000 |
6.000% unsecured senior notes due February 2035 (a) | 300,000 |  |  | 300,000 |
Net premiums, discounts, and issuance costs (b) | (10,061) |  |  | (11,142) |
Total senior notes | $ | 1,989,939 |  |  | $ | 1,988,858 |
Other notes payable | 55,228 |  |  | 40,185 |
Notes payable | $ | 2,045,167 |  |  | $ | 2,029,043 |
Estimated fair value | $ | 2,000,378 |  |  | $ | 2,496,875 |

(a)Redeemable prior to maturity; guaranteed on a senior basis by certain wholly-owned subsidiaries.
(b)The carrying value of senior notes reflects the impact of premiums, discounts, and issuance costs that are amortized to interest cost over the respective terms of the senior notes.
In the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we retired $426.0 million of senior notes at their scheduled maturity date and also accelerated the retirement of $200.0 million and $100.0 million of our unsecured notes scheduled to mature in 2026 and 2027, respectively, through a cash tender offer. The retirement resulted in a loss of $61.5 million, which includes the write-off of debt issuance costs, unamortized discounts and premiums, and transaction fees.
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PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Other notes payable
Other notes payable include non-recourse and limited recourse notes with third parties that totaled $55.2 million and $40.2 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. These notes have maturities ranging up to five years, are secured by the applicable land positions to which they relate, and generally have no recourse to other assets. The stated interest rates on these notes range up to 6%. Such notes payable issued to acquire land inventory totaled $19.9 million and $42.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Revolving credit facility
In June 2022, we entered into the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "Revolving Credit Facility"), which replaced our previous credit agreement. The Revolving Credit Facility contains substantially similar terms to the previous credit agreement, increased our borrowing capacity, and extended the maturity date from June 2023 to June 2027. The Revolving Credit Facility has a maximum borrowing capacity of $1.3 billion and contains an uncommitted accordion feature that could increase the capacity to $1.8 billion, subject to certain conditions and availability of additional bank commitments. The Revolving Credit Facility also provides for the issuance of letters of credit that reduce the available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility, up to the maximum borrowing capacity. The interest rate on borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility may be based on either the Secured Overnight Financing Rate or a base rate plus an applicable margin, as defined therein. The Revolving Credit Facility contains financial covenants that require us to maintain a minimum Tangible Net Worth and a maximum Debt-to-Capitalization Ratio (as each term is defined in the Revolving Credit Facility). As of September 30, 2022, we were in compliance with all covenants.
At September 30, 2022, we had $319.0 million borrowings outstanding, $340.7 million of letters of credit issued, and $590.3 million of remaining capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility. At December 31, 2021, we had no borrowings outstanding, $298.8 million of letters of credit issued, and $701.2 million of remaining capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility.
Joint venture debt
At September 30, 2022, aggregate outstanding debt of unconsolidated joint ventures was $70.7 million, of which $42.0 million was related to one joint venture in which we have a 50% interest. In connection with this loan, we and our joint venture partner provided customary limited recourse guaranties in which our maximum financial loss exposure is limited to our pro rata share of the debt outstanding.
Financial Services debt
Pulte Mortgage maintains a master repurchase agreement with third-party lenders (as amended, the "Repurchase Agreement") that matures on July 27, 2023. The maximum aggregate commitment was $655.0 million at September 30, 2022, which will increase to $800.0 million during the seasonally high borrowing period from December 27, 2022 to January 12, 2023. Thereafter, the maximum aggregate commitment ranges from $360.0 million to $500.0 million. Borrowings under the Repurchase Agreement are secured by residential mortgage loans available-for-sale. The Repurchase Agreement contains various affirmative and negative covenants applicable to Pulte Mortgage, including quantitative thresholds related to net worth, net income, and liquidity. Pulte Mortgage had $338.2 million and $626.1 million outstanding under the Repurchase Agreement at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and was in compliance with all of its covenants and requirements as of such dates.
5. Shareholders’ equity
In the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we declared cash dividends totaling $106.7 million and repurchased 21.8 million shares under our repurchase authorization for $974.7 million. In the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we declared cash dividends totaling $110.3 million and repurchased 12.0 million shares under our repurchase authorization for $614.3 million. On January 31, 2022, the Board of Directors increased our share repurchase authorization by $1.0 billion. At September 30, 2022, we had remaining authorization to repurchase $482.9 million of common shares.
Under our share-based compensation plans, we accept shares as payment under certain conditions related to the vesting of shares, generally related to the payment of minimum tax obligations. In the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021,
17

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
participants surrendered shares valued at $14.3 million and $10.6 million, respectively, under these plans. Such share transactions are excluded from the above noted share repurchase authorization.
6. Income taxes
Our effective tax rate in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was 22.6% and 23.8%, respectively, compared to 23.3% and 22.4%, respectively, for the same periods in 2021. Our effective tax rate for each of these periods differs from the federal statutory rate primarily due to state income tax expense and benefits associated with federal energy efficient home credits. On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the "Inflation Reduction Act") was signed into law. Notably, the Inflation Reduction Act retroactively extended the federal energy efficient home credits to January 1, 2022. Income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 includes a benefit of $20.7 million associated with the extension of the federal energy efficient home tax credits. The 2021 tax rate also reflects a reduction in valuation allowances relating to projected utilization of certain state net operating loss carryforwards.
At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we had net deferred tax liabilities of $70.0 million and $26.5 million, respectively. The accounting for deferred taxes is based upon estimates of future results. Differences between estimated and actual results could result in changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets that could have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations or financial position. Changes in existing tax laws could also affect actual tax results and the realization of deferred tax assets over time.
Unrecognized tax benefits represent the difference between tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and the benefits recognized for financial statement purposes. We had $23.5 million and $22.5 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Additionally, we had accrued interest and penalties of $3.8 million and $2.9 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
7. Fair value disclosures
ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”, provides a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles and establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The fair value hierarchy can be summarized as follows:

Level 1 |  | Fair value determined based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 |  | Fair value determined using significant observable inputs, generally either quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities or quoted prices in markets that are not active.
Level 3 |  | Fair value determined using significant unobservable inputs, such as pricing models, discounted cash flows, or similar techniques.

18

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Our assets and liabilities measured or disclosed at fair value are summarized below ($000’s omitted):

Financial Instrument |  | Fair Value Hierarchy |  | Fair Value
September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Measured at fair value on a recurring basis: |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale |  | Level 2 |  | $ | 438,205 |  |  | $ | 947,139 |
IRLCs |  | Level 2 |  | (20,274) |  |  | 8,549 |
Forward contracts |  | Level 2 |  | 66,457 |  |  | (579) |
Whole loan commitments |  | Level 2 |  | 1,265 |  |  | 380 |
Disclosed at fair value: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash |  | Level 1 |  | $ | 291,398 |  |  | $ | 1,833,565 |
Financial Services debt |  | Level 2 |  | 338,190 |  |  | 626,123 |
Revolving credit facility |  | Level 2 |  | 319,000 |  |  | — |
Senior notes payable |  | Level 2 |  | 1,945,150 |  |  | 2,456,690 |
Other notes payable |  | Level 2 |  | 55,228 |  |  | 40,185 |

Fair values for agency residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are determined based on quoted market prices for comparable instruments. Fair values for non-agency residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are determined based on purchase commitments from whole loan investors and other relevant market information available to management. Fair values for IRLCs, including the value of servicing rights, and forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities are valued based on market prices for similar instruments. Fair values for whole loan commitments are based on market prices for similar instruments from the specific whole loan investor.
The carrying amounts of cash and equivalents, Financial Services debt and other notes payable approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature and/or floating interest rate terms. The fair values of senior notes are based on quoted market prices, when available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of similar issues. The carrying value of senior notes was $2.0 billion at both September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
8. Commitments and contingencies
Letters of credit and surety bonds
In the normal course of business, we post letters of credit and surety bonds pursuant to certain performance-related obligations, as security for certain land option agreements, and under various insurance programs. The majority of these letters of credit and surety bonds are in support of our land development and construction obligations to various municipalities, other government agencies, and utility companies related to the construction of roads, sewers, and other infrastructure. We had outstanding letters of credit and surety bonds totaling $340.7 million and $2.2 billion, respectively, at September 30, 2022 and $298.8 million and $1.8 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2021. In the event any such letter of credit or surety bond is drawn, we would be obligated to reimburse the issuer of the letter of credit or surety bond. Our surety bonds generally do not have stated expiration dates; rather we are released from the surety bonds as the underlying contractual performance is completed. Because significant construction and development work has been performed related to projects that have not yet received final acceptance by the respective counterparties, the aggregate amount of surety bonds outstanding is in excess of the projected cost of the remaining work to be performed. We do not believe that a material amount, if any, of the letters of credit or surety bonds will be drawn.
Litigation and regulatory matters
We are involved in various litigation and legal claims in the normal course of our business operations, including actions brought on behalf of various classes of claimants. We are also subject to a variety of local, state, and federal laws and regulations related to land development activities, house construction standards, sales practices, mortgage lending operations, employment
19

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
practices, and protection of the environment. As a result, we are subject to periodic examination or inquiry by various governmental agencies that administer these laws and regulations.
We establish liabilities for litigation, legal claims, and regulatory matters when such matters are both probable of occurring and any potential loss is reasonably estimable. We accrue for such matters based on the facts and circumstances specific to each matter and revise these estimates as the matters evolve. In such cases, there may exist an exposure to loss in excess of any amounts currently accrued. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of these legal and regulatory matters, we generally cannot predict the ultimate resolution of the pending matters, the related timing, or the eventual loss. While the outcome of such contingencies cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe that the resolution of such matters will have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. However, to the extent the liability arising from the ultimate resolution of any matter exceeds the estimates reflected in the recorded reserves relating to such matter, we could incur additional charges that could be significant.
Product warranty
Home purchasers are provided with a limited warranty against certain building defects, including a one-year comprehensive limited warranty and coverage for certain other aspects of the home’s construction and operating systems for periods of up to, and, in limited instances, exceeding, 10 years. We estimate the costs to be incurred under these warranties and record liabilities in the amount of such costs at the time product revenue is recognized. Factors that affect our warranty liabilities include the number of homes sold, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and the projected cost per claim. We periodically assess the adequacy of the warranty liabilities for each geographic market in which we operate and adjust the amounts as necessary. Actual warranty costs in the future could differ from the current estimates. Changes to warranty liabilities were as follows ($000’s omitted):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Warranty liabilities, beginning of period | $ | 110,605 |  |  | $ | 87,759 |  |  | $ | 107,117 |  |  | $ | 82,744 |
Reserves provided | 22,840 |  |  | 22,993 |  |  | 66,398 |  |  | 61,801 |
Payments | (23,137) |  |  | (19,346) |  |  | (65,466) |  |  | (53,150) |
Other adjustments | 24 |  |  | 317 |  |  | 2,283 |  |  | 328 |
Warranty liabilities, end of period | $ | 110,332 |  |  | $ | 91,723 |  |  | $ | 110,332 |  |  | $ | 91,723 |

Self-insured risks
We maintain, and require our subcontractors to maintain, general liability insurance coverage. We also maintain builders' risk, property, errors and omissions, workers' compensation, and other business insurance coverage. These insurance policies protect us against a portion of the risk of loss from claims. However, we retain a significant portion of the overall risk for such claims either through policies issued by our captive insurance subsidiaries or through our own self-insured per occurrence and aggregate retentions, deductibles, and claims in excess of available insurance policy limits.
Our general liability insurance includes coverage for certain construction defects. While construction defect claims can relate to a variety of circumstances, the majority of our claims relate to alleged problems with siding, plumbing, foundations and other concrete work, windows, roofing, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. The availability of general liability insurance for the homebuilding industry and its subcontractors has become increasingly limited, and the insurance policies available require us to maintain significant per occurrence and aggregate retention levels. In certain instances, we may offer our subcontractors the opportunity to purchase insurance through one of our captive insurance subsidiaries or participate in a project-specific insurance program provided by us. Policies issued by our captive insurance subsidiaries represent self-insurance of these risks by us. A portion of this self-insured exposure is limited by reinsurance policies that we purchase. General liability coverage for the homebuilding industry is complex, and our coverage varies from policy year to policy year. Our insurance coverage requires a per occurrence deductible up to an overall aggregate retention level. Beginning with the first dollar, amounts paid to satisfy insured claims generally apply to our per occurrence and aggregate retention obligations. Any amounts incurred in excess of the occurrence or aggregate retention levels are covered by insurance up to our purchased coverage levels. Our insurance policies, including the captive insurance subsidiaries' reinsurance policies, are maintained with highly-rated underwriters for whom we believe counterparty default risk is not significant.
20

PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
At any point in time, we are managing approximately 1,000 individual claims related to general liability, property, errors and omissions, workers' compensation, and other business insurance coverage. We reserve for costs associated with such claims (including expected claims management expenses) on an undiscounted basis at the time revenue is recognized for each home closing and periodically evaluate the recorded liabilities based on actuarial analyses of our historical claims. The actuarial analyses calculate estimates of the ultimate net cost of all unpaid losses, including estimates for incurred but not reported losses ("IBNR"). IBNR represents losses related to claims incurred but not yet reported plus development on reported claims.
Our recorded reserves for all such claims totaled $679.3 million and $627.1 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The recorded reserves include loss estimates related to both (i) existing claims and related claim expenses and (ii) IBNR and related claim expenses. Liabilities related to IBNR and related claim expenses represented approximately 70% of the total general liability reserves at both September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The actuarial analyses that determine the IBNR portion of reserves consider a variety of factors, including the frequency and severity of losses, which are based on our historical claims experience supplemented by industry data. The actuarial analyses of the reserves also consider historical third-party recovery rates and claims management expenses.
Housing market conditions can be volatile, and we believe such conditions can affect the frequency and cost of construction defect claims. Additionally, IBNR estimates comprise the majority of our liability and are subject to a high degree of uncertainty due to a variety of factors, including changes in claims reporting and resolution patterns, third-party recoveries, insurance industry practices, the regulatory environment, and legal precedent. State regulations vary, but construction defect claims are typically reported and resolved over an extended period, often exceeding ten years. Changes in the frequency and timing of reported claims and estimates of specific claim values can impact the underlying inputs and trends utilized in the actuarial analyses, which could have a material impact on the recorded reserves. Additionally, the amount of insurance coverage available for each policy period also impacts our recorded reserves. Because of the inherent uncertainty in estimating future losses and the timing of such losses related to these claims, actual costs could differ significantly from estimated costs.
Adjustments to reserves are recorded in the period in which the change in estimate occurs. We reduced general liability reserves by $56.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as a result of changes in estimates resulting from actual claim experience being less than anticipated in previous actuarial projections. These changes in actuarial estimates did not involve any changes in actuarial methodology but did impact the development of estimates for future periods, which resulted in adjustments to the IBNR portion of our recorded liabilities. Costs associated with our insurance programs are classified within selling, general, and administrative expenses. Changes in these liabilities were as follows ($000's omitted):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 652,686 |  |  | $ | 620,617 |  |  | $ | 627,067 |  |  | $ | 641,779 |
Reserves provided | 31,134 |  |  | 21,569 |  |  | 74,676 |  |  | 64,018 |
Adjustments to previously recorded reserves | (2,169) |  |  | (1,349) |  |  | 1,889 |  |  | (56,567) |
Payments, net (a) | (2,358) |  |  | (16,175) |  |  | (24,339) |  |  | (24,568) |
Balance, end of period | $ | 679,293 |  |  | $ | 624,662 |  |  | $ | 679,293 |  |  | $ | 624,662 |

(a) Includes net changes in amounts expected to be recovered from our insurance carriers, which are recorded in other assets (see below).
Estimates of anticipated recoveries of our costs under various insurance policies or from subcontractors or other third parties are recorded when recovery is considered probable. Such receivables are recorded in other assets and totaled $49.2 million and $57.5 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Those receivables relate to costs incurred to perform corrective repairs, settle claims with customers, and other costs related to the continued progression of construction defect claims that we believe are insured. Given the complexity inherent with resolving construction defect claims in the homebuilding industry described above, there generally exists a significant lag between our payment of claims and our reimbursements from applicable insurance carriers or third parties. In addition, disputes between homebuilders and insurance carriers or third parties over coverage positions relating to construction defect claims are common. Resolution of claims involves the exchange of significant amounts of information and frequently involves legal action.
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PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Leases
We lease certain office space and equipment for use in our operations. We recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term and combine lease and non-lease components for all leases. Right-of-use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities are recorded on the balance sheet for all leases with an expected term of at least one year. Some leases include one or more options to renew. The exercise of lease renewal options is generally at our discretion. The depreciable lives of ROU assets and leasehold improvements are limited to the expected lease term. Certain of our lease agreements include rental payments based on a pro-rata share of the lessor’s operating costs which are variable in nature. Our lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.
ROU assets are classified within other assets on the balance sheet, while lease liabilities are classified within accrued and other liabilities. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. ROU assets and lease liabilities were $69.3 million and $85.9 million at September 30, 2022, respectively, and $74.3 million and $92.7 million at December 31, 2021, respectively. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recorded an additional $3.3 million and $7.5 million, respectively, of lease liabilities under operating leases, and $2.1 million and $15.2 million, respectively, in the comparable prior year periods. Payments on lease liabilities in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 totaled $5.0 million and $16.1 million, respectively, and $5.1 million and $15.6 million, respectively, in the comparable prior year periods.
Lease expense includes costs for leases with terms in excess of one year as well as short-term leases with terms of less than one year. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 our total lease expense was $14.3 million and $40.5 million, respectively, and $10.6 million and $31.2 million, respectively, in the comparable prior year periods. Our total lease expense is inclusive of variable lease costs of $3.3 million and $7.7 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $1.6 million and $5.6 million, respectively, in the comparable prior year periods, as well as short-term lease costs of $5.2 million and $15.8 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively and $3.7 million and $9.7 million, respectively, in the comparable prior year periods. Sublease income was de minimis.
The future minimum lease payments required under our leases as of September 30, 2022 were as follows ($000's omitted):

Years Ending December 31, |
2022 (a) | $ | 6,437 |
2023 | 24,807 |
2024 | 17,922 |
2025 | 12,657 |
2026 | 9,519 |
Thereafter | 22,000 |
Total lease payments (b) | 93,342 |
Less: Interest (c) | (7,476) |
Present value of lease liabilities (d) | $ | 85,866 |

(a)Remaining payments are for the three months ending December 31, 2022.
(b)Lease payments include options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised and exclude $2.0 million of legally binding minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced at September 30, 2022.
(c)Our leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. Therefore, we must estimate our discount rate for such leases to determine the present value of lease payments at the lease commencement date.
(d)The weighted average remaining lease term and weighted average discount rate used in calculating our lease liabilities were 5.2 years and 5.5%, respectively, at September 30, 2022.
22

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are provided as a supplement to and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as well as our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Our home sales revenues increased 16% and 17% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 over the comparable prior year periods, respectively, while our gross margins increased 360 bps and 390 bps, respectively, over the same periods. These results were driven by increases in selling prices in response to robust consumer demand in 2021 and early 2022 when the majority of the homes closed in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 were placed under contract with the customers. However, the strength of new home demand has progressively declined during 2022 as the Federal Reserve increased benchmark interest rates in response to inflation, which, in turn, drove national mortgage and other interest rates higher, impacting home affordability and consumer sentiment. These increases in interest rates, along with ongoing high inflation, disruptions related to the conflict in Ukraine, and other macroeconomic factors, have tempered new home demand in all of our markets. As a result, net new orders declined 28% and 23% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, compared with the prior year periods. Our order backlog at September 30, 2022 remained high relative to historical levels, but decreased 11% and 5% in units from June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. These decreases in backlog were driven by the aforementioned lower new orders, combined with an increasing cancellation rate, which increased to 24% in the three months ended September 30, 2022, compared to 10% in the comparable prior year period.
Supply chain constraints that began after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic have continued to limit the availability of certain materials and construction labor, which, combined with delays in municipal approvals and inspections, continue to pressure production cycle times of the homes we are constructing. The time required to construct a home was approximately seven weeks longer in the third quarter of 2022 as compared with the prior year period and approximately one week longer than the second quarter of 2022. The noted supply chain and labor issues have led to significant cost pressures in almost all areas of our business, but especially related to construction labor and materials. In 2021 and the first half of 2022, we were able to increase pricing to offset the majority of such cost increases, but pricing will be significantly more challenged in the near term given the lower demand for new homes.
In response to the significant shift in market conditions in 2022, we have slowed the pace of our housing starts, have increased sales incentives, and are taking additional pricing actions in many of our communities. We are updating the underwriting for each of our land option contracts prior to buying additional land and have recently made decisions to walk away from a number of land option agreements, which resulted in write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs totaling $24.5 million in the three months ended September 30, 2022. We will be working with our trade partners to update the costs for materials, labor, and services to reflect current market conditions and will adjust our overhead cost structure as necessary to align with demand. We expect that the more challenging environment for new residential housing will continue through at least 2023 and will result in lower revenues and profitability during those periods. Despite these conditions, there remains a housing shortage across the United States, and we are confident in our ability to navigate this environment and to position the Company to take advantage of opportunities as they arise.
23

Consolidated Operations
The following is a summary of our operating results by line of business ($000's omitted, except per share data):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Income before income taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Homebuilding | $ | 783,763 |  |  | $ | 571,763 |  |  | $ | 2,167,562 |  |  | $ | 1,487,486 |
Financial Services | 27,514 |  |  | 48,639 |  |  | 108,181 |  |  | 166,442 |
Income before income taxes | 811,277 |  |  | 620,402 |  |  | 2,275,743 |  |  | 1,653,928 |
Income tax expense | (183,349) |  |  | (144,853) |  |  | (540,657) |  |  | (370,873) |
Net income | $ | 627,928 |  |  | $ | 475,549 |  |  | $ | 1,735,086 |  |  | $ | 1,283,055 |
Per share data - assuming dilution: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income | $ | 2.69 |  |  | $ | 1.82 |  |  | $ | 7.22 |  |  | $ | 4.85 |

•Homebuilding income before income taxes in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 increased 37% and 46% compared with the same periods in 2021, respectively. The results are primarily the result of a significantly higher average selling price and gross margin partially offset by higher write-offs of land deposits and pre-acquisition costs. Results for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 also include insurance reserve reversals of $56.6 million and a loss on debt retirement of $61.5 million (see Note 8 and Note 4, respectively).
•Financial Services income before income taxes in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 decreased 43% and 35% compared to the same periods in 2021, respectively, primarily as the result of a lower capture rate and revenue per loan due to increased competitiveness in the mortgage industry in 2022.
•Our effective tax rate in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was 22.6% and 23.8%, respectively, compared to 23.3% and 22.4%, respectively, for the same periods in 2021. Our effective tax rate for each of these periods differs from the federal statutory rate primarily due to state income tax expense and benefits associated with federal energy efficient home credits, while the 2021 tax rate also included a benefit associated with a reduction in valuation allowances relating to projected utilization of certain state net operating loss carryforwards.
24

Homebuilding Operations
The following presents selected financial information for our Homebuilding operations ($000’s omitted):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2022 vs. 2021 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2022 vs. 2021 |  | 2021
Home sale revenues | $ | 3,840,449 |  |  | 16 | % |  | $ | 3,324,483 |  |  | $ | 10,720,364 |  |  | 17 | % |  | $ | 9,156,371 |
Land sale and other revenues | 30,658 |  |  | (51) | % |  | 63,085 |  |  | 97,626 |  |  | (21) | % |  | 123,321 |
Total Homebuilding revenues | 3,871,107 |  |  | 14 | % |  | 3,387,568 |  |  | 10,817,990 |  |  | 17 | % |  | 9,279,692 |
Home sale cost of revenues (a) | (2,685,596) |  |  | 10 | % |  | (2,443,074) |  |  | (7,498,027) |  |  | 11 | % |  | (6,754,204) |
Land sale and other cost of revenues | (26,314) |  |  | (45) | % |  | (47,483) |  |  | (89,971) |  |  | (13) | % |  | (103,313) |
Selling, general, and administrative expenses ("SG&A") (b) | (350,112) |  |  | 9 | % |  | (320,506) |  |  | (1,030,391) |  |  | 19 | % |  | (864,478) |
Loss on debt retirement | — |  |  | — | % |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (c) |  | (61,469) |
Other expense, net | (25,322) |  |  | 434 | % |  | (4,742) |  |  | (32,039) |  |  | 266 | % |  | (8,742) |
Income before income taxes | $ | 783,763 |  |  | 37 | % |  | $ | 571,763 |  |  | $ | 2,167,562 |  |  | 46 | % |  | $ | 1,487,486 |
Supplemental data: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross margin from home sales | 30.1 | % |  | 360 bps |  | 26.5 | % |  | 30.1 | % |  | 390 bps |  | 26.2 | %
SG&A as a percentage of home sale revenues | 9.1 | % |  | (50) bps |  | 9.6 | % |  | 9.6 | % |  | 20 bps |  | 9.4 | %
Closings (units) | 7,047 |  |  | 1 | % |  | 7,007 |  |  | 20,263 |  |  | — | % |  | 20,283 |
Average selling price | $ | 545 |  |  | 15 | % |  | $ | 474 |  |  | $ | 529 |  |  | 17 | % |  | $ | 451 |
Net new orders (d): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Units | 4,924 |  |  | (28) | % |  | 6,796 |  |  | 19,313 |  |  | (23) | % |  | 24,970 |
Dollars | $ | 2,807,308 |  |  | (26) | % |  | $ | 3,780,354 |  |  | $ | 11,442,579 |  |  | (10) | % |  | $ | 12,668,805 |
Cancellation rate | 24 | % |  |  |  | 10 | % |  | 15 | % |  |  |  | 8 | %
Average active communities | 823 |  |  | 7 | % |  | 768 |  |  | 797 |  |  | (1) | % |  | 804 |
Backlog at September 30: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Units |  |  |  |  |  |  | 17,053 |  |  | (14) | % |  | 19,845 |
Dollars |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 10,581,026 |  |  | 3 | % |  | $ | 10,305,614 |

(a)Includes the amortization of capitalized interest.
(b)Includes insurance reserve reversals of $56.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, (see Note 8).
(c)Percentage not meaningful.
(d)Net new order dollars represent a composite of new order dollars combined with other movements of the dollars in backlog related to cancellations and change orders.
Home sale revenues
Home sale revenues in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 were higher than the prior year periods by $516.0 million and $1.6 billion, respectively. In the three months ended September 30, 2022, the 16% increase resulted from a 15% increase in average selling price combined with a 1% increase in closings. In the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the 17% increase resulted from a 17% increase in average selling price. The increases in average selling price reflected the impact of pricing actions taken in response to robust consumer demand in 2021 and early 2022 when the majority of the homes that closed were placed under contract with the customers, partially offset by an increase in the mix of first-time buyer homes, which typically carry a lower sales price. The year-over-year increases in average selling price occurred in substantially all of our markets.
25

Home sale gross margins
Home sale gross margins were 30.1% in both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to 26.5% and 26.2% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. Gross margins reflected the robust consumer demand that existed in 2021 and early 2022 when the majority of the homes that closed were placed under contract with the customers combined with limited supplies of new and existing housing inventory. This resulted in a strong pricing environment, which allowed us to offset increases in house and land costs through pricing actions in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.
Land sale and other revenues
We periodically elect to sell parcels of land to third parties in the event such assets no longer fit into our strategic operating plans or are zoned for commercial or other development. Land sale and other revenues and their related gains or losses vary between periods, depending on the timing of land sales and our strategic operating decisions. Land sales and other revenues contributed income of $4.3 million and $7.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, compared to $15.6 million and $20.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. Income in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 included a gain of $12.9 million related to a land sale transaction in California that had been in the entitlement process for a number of years.
SG&A
SG&A as a percentage of home sale revenues was 9.1% and 9.6% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, compared with 9.6% and 9.4% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. The gross dollar amount of our SG&A increased $29.6 million, or 9%, for the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the prior year period, and increased $165.9 million, or 19%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the prior year period. The increases in gross dollars in 2022 resulted primarily from higher headcount and other overhead costs to support growth expectations and the increased number of homes in production, combined with insurance reserve reversals of $56.6 million recorded in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 (see Note 8).
Other expense, net
Other expense, net includes the following ($000’s omitted):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
September 30, |  | September 30,
2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs | $ | (24,462) |  |  | $ | (3,567) |  |  | $ | (32,475) |  |  | $ | (6,801) |
Amortization of intangible assets | (2,766) |  |  | (3,612) |  |  | (8,353) |  |  | (13,571) |
Interest income | 370 |  |  | 436 |  |  | 1,048 |  |  | 1,541 |
Interest expense | (65) |  |  | (115) |  |  | (216) |  |  | (387) |
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities | 446 |  |  | 604 |  |  | 2,390 |  |  | 5,620 |
Miscellaneous, net | 1,155 |  |  | 1,512 |  |  | 5,567 |  |  | 4,856 |
Total other expense, net | $ | (25,322) |  |  | $ | (4,742) |  |  | $ | (32,039) |  |  | $ | (8,742) |

Net new orders
Net new orders in units decreased 28% while net new orders in dollars decreased 26% in the three months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to the prior year period. Net new orders in units decreased 23% while net new orders in dollars decreased 10% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared with the prior year period. The decreases in net new order volume in 2022 are due primarily to reduced buyer demand, which began in the second quarter of 2022, particularly for homes that are estimated to close further out in time, as the market responded to increased affordability challenges resulting from a historic increase in mortgage interest rates, increases in the price of homes, and the impact of inflationary pressures in the broader economy. Contributing factors also include our lower average community count and Company actions to intentionally moderate sales pace earlier in 2022 in order to manage our large backlog of orders and supply chain challenges. The cancellation rate (canceled orders for the period divided by gross new orders for the period) was 24% and 15% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and 10% and 8% for the comparable periods in 2021, respectively. The
26

increase in cancellation rate occurred primarily in the second and third quarters of 2022 due to a decrease in consumer confidence coupled with the aforementioned increases in mortgage interest rates. Ending backlog dollars, which represents orders for homes that have not yet closed, increased 3% at September 30, 2022 compared with September 30, 2021, as the result of higher average selling prices and elongated production cycle times, partially offset by lower net new orders.
Homes in production
The following is a summary of our homes in production:

| September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Sold | 14,854 |  |  | 15,676 |
Unsold |  |  |
Under construction | 7,656 |  |  | 3,017 |
Completed | 500 |  |  | 109 |
| 8,156 |  |  | 3,126 |
Models | 1,272 |  |  | 1,212 |
Total | 24,282 |  |  | 20,014 |

The number of homes in production at September 30, 2022 was 21% higher than at September 30, 2021. This increase is primarily attributable to a higher level of unsold homes, or speculative homes, under construction, which reflects our strategic decision to increase housing starts of speculative units in response to the noted supply chain challenges and to have product available that can close quickly for customers that are concerned about potentially higher mortgage interest rates. The higher cancellation rate in the three months ended September 30, 2022 also contributed to the increase in unsold inventory.
Controlled lots
The following is a summary of our lots under control at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021:

| September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
| Owned |  | Optioned |  | Controlled |  | Owned |  | Optioned |  | Controlled
Northeast | 4,661 |  |  | 7,773 |  |  | 12,434 |  |  | 4,422 |  |  | 7,637 |  |  | 12,059 |
Southeast | 17,106 |  |  | 27,929 |  |  | 45,035 |  |  | 15,604 |  |  | 28,887 |  |  | 44,491 |
Florida | 28,989 |  |  | 33,625 |  |  | 62,614 |  |  | 27,654 |  |  | 32,240 |  |  | 59,894 |
Midwest | 13,982 |  |  | 14,505 |  |  | 28,487 |  |  | 11,723 |  |  | 17,118 |  |  | 28,841 |
Texas | 20,777 |  |  | 18,683 |  |  | 39,460 |  |  | 20,538 |  |  | 21,235 |  |  | 41,773 |
West | 29,320 |  |  | 14,312 |  |  | 43,632 |  |  | 29,137 |  |  | 12,101 |  |  | 41,238 |
Total | 114,835 |  |  | 116,827 |  |  | 231,662 |  |  | 109,078 |  |  | 119,218 |  |  | 228,296 |
| 50 | % |  | 50 | % |  | 100 | % |  | 48 | % |  | 52 | % |  | 100 | %
Developed (%) | 41 | % |  | 15 | % |  | 28 | % |  | 38 | % |  | 13 | % |  | 25 | %

While competition for well-positioned land is robust, we continue to pursue land investments that we believe can achieve appropriate risk-adjusted returns on invested capital. We also continue to seek to maintain a high percentage of our lots that are controlled via land option agreements, as such contracts enable us to defer acquiring properties until we have determined whether and when to exercise our option, which reduces our financial risks associated with long-term land holdings. However, the percentage of lots controlled via land option agreements decreased in the three months ended September 30, 2022 as the result of our decision to terminate a number of pending transactions. The remaining purchase price under our land option agreements totaled $6.0 billion at September 30, 2022.
27

Homebuilding Segment Operations
As of September 30, 2022, we conducted our operations in over 40 markets located throughout 24 states. For reporting purposes, our Homebuilding operations are aggregated into six reportable segments:

Northeast: |  | Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia
Southeast: |  | Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee
Florida: |  | Florida
Midwest: |  | Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio
Texas: |  | Texas
West: |  | Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Washington

The following tables present selected financial information for our reportable Homebuilding segments:

| Operating Data by Segment ($000's omitted)
| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2022 vs. 2021 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2022 vs. 2021 |  | 2021
Home sale revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | 252,760 |  |  | (7) | % |  | $ | 273,206 |  |  | $ | 665,488 |  |  | (10) | % |  | $ | 735,418 |
Southeast | 718,506 |  |  | 22 | % |  | 587,292 |  |  | 1,833,501 |  |  | 19 | % |  | 1,539,928 |
Florida | 931,369 |  |  | 32 | % |  | 707,990 |  |  | 2,637,919 |  |  | 27 | % |  | 2,072,344 |
Midwest | 562,373 |  |  | 12 | % |  | 504,273 |  |  | 1,566,379 |  |  | 18 | % |  | 1,332,407 |
Texas | 584,825 |  |  | 42 | % |  | 412,201 |  |  | 1,598,873 |  |  | 27 | % |  | 1,255,377 |
West | 790,616 |  |  | (6) | % |  | 839,521 |  |  | 2,418,204 |  |  | 9 | % |  | 2,220,897 |
| $ | 3,840,449 |  |  | 16 | % |  | $ | 3,324,483 |  |  | $ | 10,720,364 |  |  | 17 | % |  | $ | 9,156,371 |
Income (loss) before income taxes (a): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | 52,682 |  |  | (1) | % |  | $ | 53,410 |  |  | $ | 140,052 |  |  | 6 | % |  | $ | 132,604 |
Southeast | 181,667 |  |  | 66 | % |  | 109,407 |  |  | 460,056 |  |  | 68 | % |  | 274,174 |
Florida | 220,850 |  |  | 65 | % |  | 133,642 |  |  | 628,979 |  |  | 64 | % |  | 382,682 |
Midwest | 79,168 |  |  | 9 | % |  | 72,537 |  |  | 230,419 |  |  | 17 | % |  | 196,205 |
Texas | 133,404 |  |  | 88 | % |  | 71,062 |  |  | 351,253 |  |  | 59 | % |  | 221,099 |
West | 149,001 |  |  | (14) | % |  | 173,137 |  |  | 468,873 |  |  | 16 | % |  | 403,039 |
Other homebuilding (b) | (33,009) |  |  | 20 | % |  | (41,432) |  |  | (112,070) |  |  | 8 | % |  | (122,317) |
| $ | 783,763 |  |  | 37 | % |  | $ | 571,763 |  |  | $ | 2,167,562 |  |  | 46 | % |  | $ | 1,487,486 |

(a)Includes land-related charges as summarized in the table below.
(b) Other homebuilding includes the amortization of intangible assets and capitalized interest and other items not allocated to the operating segments. Other homebuilding also includes insurance reserve reversals of $56.6 million and a loss on debt retirement of $61.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 (see Note 8 and Note 4, respectively).
28

| Operating Data by Segment ($000's omitted)
| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2022 vs. 2021 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2022 vs. 2021 |  | 2021
Closings (units): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | 378 |  |  | (20) | % |  | 472 |  |  | 1,026 |  |  | (20) | % |  | 1,286 |
Southeast | 1,295 |  |  | 1 | % |  | 1,278 |  |  | 3,406 |  |  | (3) | % |  | 3,507 |
Florida | 1,628 |  |  | 8 | % |  | 1,502 |  |  | 4,840 |  |  | 5 | % |  | 4,614 |
Midwest | 1,104 |  |  | (2) | % |  | 1,123 |  |  | 3,179 |  |  | 6 | % |  | 3,004 |
Texas | 1,431 |  |  | 12 | % |  | 1,276 |  |  | 4,124 |  |  | 3 | % |  | 4,020 |
West | 1,211 |  |  | (11) | % |  | 1,356 |  |  | 3,688 |  |  | (4) | % |  | 3,852 |
| 7,047 |  |  | 1 | % |  | 7,007 |  |  | 20,263 |  |  | — | % |  | 20,283 |
Average selling price: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | 669 |  |  | 16 | % |  | $ | 579 |  |  | $ | 649 |  |  | 13 | % |  | $ | 572 |
Southeast | 555 |  |  | 21 | % |  | 460 |  |  | 538 |  |  | 23 | % |  | 439 |
Florida | 572 |  |  | 21 | % |  | 471 |  |  | 545 |  |  | 21 | % |  | 449 |
Midwest | 509 |  |  | 13 | % |  | 449 |  |  | 493 |  |  | 11 | % |  | 444 |
Texas | 409 |  |  | 27 | % |  | 323 |  |  | 388 |  |  | 24 | % |  | 312 |
West | 653 |  |  | 5 | % |  | 619 |  |  | 656 |  |  | 14 | % |  | 577 |
| $ | 545 |  |  | 15 | % |  | $ | 474 |  |  | $ | 529 |  |  | 17 | % |  | $ | 451 |
Net new orders - units: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | 237 |  |  | (36) | % |  | 368 |  |  | 1,046 |  |  | (28) | % |  | 1,451 |
Southeast | 1,081 |  |  | — | % |  | 1,085 |  |  | 3,716 |  |  | (7) | % |  | 4,010 |
Florida | 1,471 |  |  | (20) | % |  | 1,844 |  |  | 4,898 |  |  | (24) | % |  | 6,451 |
Midwest | 655 |  |  | (39) | % |  | 1,075 |  |  | 2,660 |  |  | (32) | % |  | 3,936 |
Texas | 979 |  |  | (12) | % |  | 1,117 |  |  | 3,718 |  |  | (17) | % |  | 4,468 |
West | 501 |  |  | (62) | % |  | 1,307 |  |  | 3,275 |  |  | (30) | % |  | 4,654 |
| 4,924 |  |  | (28) | % |  | 6,796 |  |  | 19,313 |  |  | (23) | % |  | 24,970 |
Net new orders - dollars: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | 165,018 |  |  | (25) | % |  | $ | 221,016 |  |  | $ | 736,434 |  |  | (15) | % |  | $ | 864,079 |
Southeast | 599,621 |  |  | 2 | % |  | 588,400 |  |  | 2,130,969 |  |  | 8 | % |  | 1,966,434 |
Florida | 911,099 |  |  | (13) | % |  | 1,043,871 |  |  | 3,188,807 |  |  | (4) | % |  | 3,308,173 |
Midwest | 364,849 |  |  | (32) | % |  | 538,621 |  |  | 1,442,207 |  |  | (22) | % |  | 1,856,704 |
Texas | 385,634 |  |  | (17) | % |  | 463,727 |  |  | 1,551,534 |  |  | (6) | % |  | 1,655,023 |
West | 381,087 |  |  | (59) | % |  | 924,719 |  |  | 2,392,628 |  |  | (21) | % |  | 3,018,392 |
| $ | 2,807,308 |  |  | (26) | % |  | $ | 3,780,354 |  |  | $ | 11,442,579 |  |  | (10) | % |  | $ | 12,668,805 |

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| Operating Data by Segment ($000's omitted)
| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2022 |  |  |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2022 vs. 2021 |  | 2021
Cancellation rates: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | 13 | % |  |  |  | 9 | % |  | 9 | % |  |  |  | 7 | %
Southeast | 15 | % |  |  |  | 6 | % |  | 9 | % |  |  |  | 6 | %
Florida | 18 | % |  |  |  | 8 | % |  | 13 | % |  |  |  | 7 | %
Midwest | 14 | % |  |  |  | 7 | % |  | 11 | % |  |  |  | 6 | %
Texas | 33 | % |  |  |  | 16 | % |  | 22 | % |  |  |  | 12 | %
West | 48 | % |  |  |  | 13 | % |  | 23 | % |  |  |  | 11 | %
| 24 | % |  |  |  | 10 | % |  | 15 | % |  |  |  | 8 | %
Unit backlog: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast |  |  |  |  |  |  | 808 |  |  | (28) | % |  | 1,118 |
Southeast |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,786 |  |  | (2) | % |  | 2,843 |
Florida |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5,488 |  |  | — | % |  | 5,491 |
Midwest |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,169 |  |  | (31) | % |  | 3,131 |
Texas |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,693 |  |  | (23) | % |  | 3,501 |
West |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,109 |  |  | (17) | % |  | 3,761 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  | 17,053 |  |  | (14) | % |  | 19,845 |
Backlog dollars: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 582,178 |  |  | (16) | % |  | $ | 689,984 |
Southeast |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,660,331 |  |  | 14 | % |  | 1,457,415 |
Florida |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,608,719 |  |  | 26 | % |  | 2,863,695 |
Midwest |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,223,984 |  |  | (19) | % |  | 1,514,932 |
Texas |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,254,262 |  |  | (9) | % |  | 1,380,737 |
West |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,251,552 |  |  | (6) | % |  | 2,398,851 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 10,581,026 |  |  | 3 | % |  | $ | 10,305,614 |

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| Operating Data by Segment ($000’s omitted)
| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Land-related charges (a): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast | $ | 3,759 |  |  | $ | 223 |  |  | $ | 3,961 |  |  | $ | 357 |
Southeast | 5,889 |  |  | 1,915 |  |  | 9,724 |  |  | 3,253 |
Florida | 4,881 |  |  | 209 |  |  | 6,493 |  |  | 642 |
Midwest | 1,677 |  |  | 477 |  |  | 2,780 |  |  | 969 |
Texas | 2,794 |  |  | 141 |  |  | 3,328 |  |  | 932 |
West | 5,462 |  |  | 602 |  |  | 6,189 |  |  | 667 |
Other homebuilding | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| $ | 24,462 |  |  | $ | 3,567 |  |  | $ | 32,475 |  |  | $ | 6,820 |

(a) Land-related charges include land inventory impairments, net realizable value adjustments on land held for sale, and write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs for land option contracts we elected not to pursue.
Northeast
For the third quarter of 2022, Northeast home sale revenues decreased by 7% when compared with the prior year period due to a 20% decrease in closings partially offset by a 16% increase in average selling price. The decrease in closings and increase in average selling price occurred across all markets. Income before income taxes decreased 1% primarily due to the decrease in closings partially offset by increased average selling price and higher gross margins across the majority of markets. Net new orders decreased across all markets.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, Northeast home sale revenues decreased by 10% when compared with the prior year period due to a 20% decrease in closings partially offset by a 13% increase in average selling price. The decrease in closings was primarily due to the timing of projects in our Mid-Atlantic operations, while the increase in average selling price occurred across all markets. Income before income taxes increased 6% primarily due to higher gross margins across the majority of markets. Net new orders decreased across all markets.
Southeast
For the third quarter of 2022, Southeast home sale revenues increased 22% when compared with the prior year period due to a 21% increase in average selling price combined with a 1% increase in closings. The increase in average selling price occurred across all markets while the increase in closings occurred across the majority of markets. Income before income taxes increased 66% primarily due to increased revenues, as well as improved gross margins across all markets. The decrease in net new orders was mixed among markets.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, Southeast home sale revenues increased 19% when compared with the prior year period due to a 23% increase in average selling price partially offset by a 3% decrease in closings. The increase in average selling price occurred across all markets while the decrease in closings occurred across the majority of markets. Income before income taxes increased 68% primarily due to increased revenues, as well as improved gross margins across all markets. Net new orders decreased across the majority of markets.
Florida
For the third quarter of 2022, Florida home sale revenues increased 32% when compared with the prior year period due to a 21% increase in average selling price combined with an 8% increase in closings. The increase in average selling price occurred across all markets, while the increase in closings occurred across the majority of markets. Income before income taxes increased 65% primarily due to increased revenues, as well as improved gross margins across all markets. Net new orders decreased across the majority of markets.
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For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, Florida home sale revenues increased 27% when compared with the prior year period due to a 5% increase in closings combined with a 21% increase in the average selling price. The increase in closings occurred across the majority of markets while the increase in average selling price occurred across all markets. Income before income taxes increased 64% primarily due to increased revenues, as well as improved gross margins across all markets. Net new orders decreased across the majority of markets.
Midwest
For the third quarter of 2022, Midwest home sale revenues increased 12% when compared with the prior year period due to a 13% increase in average selling price partially offset by a 2% decrease in closings. The increase in average selling price occurred across all markets, while the decrease in closings occurred across the majority of markets. Income before income taxes increased 9% primarily due to higher revenues and gross margins across the majority of markets. Net new orders decreased across all markets.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, Midwest home sale revenues increased 18% when compared with the prior year period due to a 6% increase in closings combined with an 11% increase in average selling price. The increase in closings occurred across the majority of markets while the increase in average selling price occurred across all markets. Income before income taxes increased 17% primarily due to higher revenues and gross margins across the majority of markets. Net new orders decreased across the majority of markets.
Texas
For the third quarter of 2022, Texas home sale revenues increased 42% when compared with the prior year period due to a 27% increase in average selling price combined with a 12% increase in closings. The increase in average selling price occurred across all markets while the increase in closings occurred across the majority of markets. Income before income taxes increased 88% primarily due to higher revenues and gross margins across the majority of markets. Net new orders decreased across the majority of markets.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, Texas home sale revenues increased 27% when compared with the prior year period due to a 24% increase in average selling price combined with a 3% increase in closings. The increase in average selling price occurred across all markets while the increase in closings was mixed among markets. Income before income taxes increased 59% primarily due to higher revenues and gross margins across the majority of markets. Net new orders decreased across the majority of markets.
West
For the third quarter of 2022, West home sale revenues decreased 6% when compared with the prior year period due to an 11% decrease in closings partially offset by a 5% increase in average selling price. The decrease in closings occurred across the majority of markets, while the increase in average selling price occurred across all markets. Income before income taxes decreased 14% primarily due to decreased revenues and gross margins, which was mixed among markets. The prior year period also included gains of $12.9 million related to a land sale transaction in California. Net new orders decreased across all markets.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, West home sale revenues increased 9% when compared with the prior year period due to a 14% increase in average selling price partially offset by a 4% decrease in closings. The increase in average selling price occurred across all markets while the decrease in closings occurred across the majority of markets. Income before income taxes increased 16% primarily due to increased revenues and gross margins across the majority of markets. The prior year period also included gains of $12.9 million related to a land sale transaction in California. Net new orders decreased across all markets.
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Financial Services Operations
We conduct our Financial Services operations, which include mortgage banking, title, and insurance brokerage operations, through Pulte Mortgage LLC ("Pulte Mortgage") and other subsidiaries. In originating mortgage loans, we initially use our own funds, including funds available pursuant to a credit agreement with third parties. Substantially all of the loans we originate are sold in the secondary market within a short period of time after origination, generally within 30 days. We also sell the servicing rights for the loans we originate through fixed price servicing sales contracts to reduce the risks and costs inherent in servicing loans. This strategy results in owning loans and related servicing rights for only a short period of time. Operating as a captive business model primarily targeted to support our Homebuilding operations, the business levels of our Financial Services operations are highly correlated to Homebuilding, as Homebuilding customers continue to account for substantially all of its business. We believe that our mortgage capture rate, which represents loan originations from our Homebuilding operations as a percentage of total loan opportunities from our Homebuilding operations, excluding cash closings, is an important metric in evaluating the effectiveness of our captive mortgage business model. The following tables present selected financial information for our Financial Services operations ($000's omitted):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2022 vs. 2021 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2022 vs. 2021 |  | 2021
Mortgage revenues | $ | 47,773 |  |  | (33) | % |  | $ | 71,238 |  |  | $ | 169,009 |  |  | (27) | % |  | $ | 230,505 |
Title services revenues | 19,893 |  |  | 18 | % |  | 16,818 |  |  | 55,617 |  |  | 15 | % |  | 48,565 |
Insurance brokerage commissions | 5,043 |  |  | 47 | % |  | 3,426 |  |  | 15,001 |  |  | 57 | % |  | 9,562 |
Total Financial Services revenues | 72,709 |  |  | (21) | % |  | 91,482 |  |  | 239,627 |  |  | (17) | % |  | 288,632 |
Expenses | (45,323) |  |  | 6 | % |  | (42,835) |  |  | (132,655) |  |  | 8 | % |  | (122,921) |
Other income (expense), net | 128 |  |  | (a) |  | (8) |  |  | 1,209 |  |  | (a) |  | 731 |
Income before income taxes | $ | 27,514 |  |  | (43) | % |  | $ | 48,639 |  |  | $ | 108,181 |  |  | (35) | % |  | $ | 166,442 |
Total originations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans | 4,369 |  |  | (14) | % |  | 5,078 |  |  | 12,994 |  |  | (14) | % |  | 15,082 |
Principal | $ | 1,715,344 |  |  | (5) | % |  | $ | 1,810,722 |  |  | $ | 5,009,957 |  |  | (3) | % |  | $ | 5,186,913 |

(a)Percentage not meaningful.

| Nine Months Ended
| September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021
Supplemental data: |  |  |
Capture rate | 78.7 | % |  | 86.1 | %
Average FICO score | 748 |  |  | 751 |
Funded origination breakdown: |  |  |
Government (FHA, VA, USDA) | 19 | % |  | 20 | %
Other agency | 74 | % |  | 73 | %
Total agency | 93 | % |  | 93 | %
Non-agency | 7 | % |  | 7 | %
Total funded originations | 100 | % |  | 100 | %

Revenues
The demand for refinancing within the mortgage industry waned in 2021 and into 2022 as mortgage interest rates began to rise, which led to an increase in competition among lenders and lower margins per loan. As a result, total Financial Services revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 decreased 21% and 17%, respectively, compared with the
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same periods in 2021. The decreases occurred as the result of a decrease in the number of loans originated due to the lower capture rate combined with lower revenue per loan resulting from the competitive lending environment. These factors were partially offset by a higher average loan amount as the result of the higher average selling price within Homebuilding.
Income before income taxes
Income before income taxes in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 decreased 43% and 35% compared to the same periods in 2021, respectively, primarily due to a lower capture rate and revenue per loan due to increased competitiveness in the mortgage industry in 2022.
Income Taxes
Our effective income tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was 22.6% and 23.8%, respectively, compared to 23.3% and 22.4%, respectively, for the same periods in 2021. The 2022 effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was lower than the same period in 2021 due to the retroactive extension of the federal energy efficient home credits in the current year period. The 2022 effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was higher than the same period in 2021 due to a reduction in valuation allowances relating to projected utilization of certain state net operating loss carryforwards in 2021.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We finance our land acquisition, development, and construction activities and financial services operations using internally-generated funds, supplemented by credit arrangements with third parties and capital market financing. We routinely monitor current and expected operational requirements and financial market conditions to evaluate accessing available financing sources, including revolving bank credit and securities offerings.
At September 30, 2022, we had unrestricted cash and equivalents of $231.3 million, restricted cash balances of $60.1 million, and $590.3 million available under our Revolving Credit Facility. We follow a diversified investment approach for our cash and equivalents by maintaining such funds with a broad portfolio of banks within our group of relationship banks in high quality, highly liquid, short-term deposits and investments. Our ratio of debt-to-total capitalization, excluding our Financial Services debt, was 22.5% at September 30, 2022, as compared with 21.3% at December 31, 2021.
For the next twelve months, we expect our principal demand for funds will be for the acquisition and development of land inventory, construction of house inventory, and operating expenses, including our general and administrative expenses. The elongation of our production cycle has required a greater investment of cash in our homes under production. Additionally, we plan to continue our dividend payments and repurchases of common stock. Within the next twelve months, we need to repay or refinance Pulte Mortgage's master repurchase agreement with third-party lenders (the "Repurchase Agreement"). While we intend to refinance the Repurchase Agreement prior to its maturity, there can be no assurances that the Repurchase Agreement can be renewed or replaced on commercially reasonable terms upon its expiration. However, we believe we have adequate liquidity to meet Pulte Mortgage's anticipated financing needs. Beyond the next twelve months, we will need to repay or refinance our Revolving Credit Facility, which matures in June 2027, and our unsecured senior notes, the next tranche of which becomes due in 2026.
We believe that our current cash position and other available financing resources, coupled with our ongoing operating activities, will provide sufficient liquidity to fund our business needs over the next twelve months and beyond. To the extent the sources of capital described above are insufficient to meet our needs, we may also conduct additional public offerings of our securities, refinance debt, dispose of certain assets to fund our operating activities, or draw on existing or new debt facilities.
Unsecured senior notes
We had $2.0 billion of unsecured senior notes outstanding at both September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 with no repayments due until March 2026, when $500.0 million of unsecured senior notes are scheduled to mature.
In the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we retired $426.0 million of senior notes at their scheduled maturity date and also accelerated the retirement of $200.0 million and $100.0 million of our unsecured notes scheduled to mature in 2026 and 2027, respectively, through a cash tender offer. The retirement resulted in a loss of $61.5 million, which includes the write-off of debt issuance costs, unamortized discounts and premiums, and transaction fees.
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Other notes payable
Other notes payable include non-recourse and limited recourse secured notes with third parties that totaled $55.2 million and $40.2 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. These notes have maturities ranging up to five years, are secured by the applicable land positions to which they relate, and generally have no recourse to other assets. The stated interest rates on these notes range up to 6%.
Revolving credit facility
In June 2022, we entered into the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "Revolving Credit Facility"), which replaced our previous credit agreement. The Revolving Credit Facility contains substantially similar terms to the previous credit agreement, increased our borrowing capacity, and extended the maturity date from June 2023 to June 2027. The Revolving Credit Facility has a maximum borrowing capacity of $1.3 billion and contains an uncommitted accordion feature that could increase the capacity to $1.8 billion, subject to certain conditions and availability of additional bank commitments. The Revolving Credit Facility also provides for the issuance of letters of credit that reduce the available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility, up to the maximum borrowing capacity. The interest rate on borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility may be based on either the Secured Overnight Financing Rate or a base rate plus an applicable margin, as defined therein. The Revolving Credit Facility contains financial covenants that require us to maintain a minimum Tangible Net Worth and a maximum Debt-to-Capitalization Ratio (as each term is defined in the Revolving Credit Facility). As of September 30, 2022, we were in compliance with all covenants.
At September 30, 2022, we had $319.0 million borrowings outstanding, $340.7 million of letters of credit issued, and $590.3 million of remaining capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility. At December 31, 2021, we had no borrowings outstanding, $298.8 million of letters of credit issued, and $701.2 million of remaining capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility.
Joint venture debt
At September 30, 2022, aggregate outstanding debt of unconsolidated joint ventures was $70.7 million of which $42.0 million was related to one joint venture in which we have a 50% interest. In connection with this loan, we and our joint venture partner provided customary limited recourse guaranties in which our maximum financial loss exposure is limited to our pro rata share of the debt outstanding.
Financial Services debt
Pulte Mortgage maintains the Repurchase Agreement, which matures on July 27, 2023. The maximum aggregate commitment was $655.0 million at September 30, 2022, which will increase to $800.0 million during the seasonally high borrowing period from December 27, 2022 to January 12, 2023. Thereafter, the maximum aggregate commitment ranges from $360.0 million to $500.0 million. Borrowings under the Repurchase Agreement are secured by residential mortgage loans available-for-sale. The Repurchase Agreement contains various affirmative and negative covenants applicable to Pulte Mortgage, including quantitative thresholds related to net worth, net income, and liquidity. Pulte Mortgage had $338.2 million and $626.1 million outstanding under the Repurchase Agreement at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and was in compliance with all of its covenants and requirements as of such dates.
Dividends and share repurchase program
In the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we declared cash dividends totaling $106.7 million and repurchased 21.8 million shares under our repurchase authorization for $974.7 million. In the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we declared cash dividends totaling $110.3 million and repurchased 12.0 million shares under our repurchase authorization for $614.3 million. On January 31, 2022, the Board of Directors approved an additional share repurchase authorization of $1.0 billion. At September 30, 2022, we had remaining authorization to repurchase $482.9 million of common shares.
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Contractual Obligations
We are a party to many contractual obligations involving commitments to make payments to third parties. These obligations impact our short-term and long-term liquidity and capital resource needs. Certain contractual obligations are reflected on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2022, while others are considered future commitments. Our contractual obligations primarily consist of long-term debt and related interest payments, purchase obligations related to expected acquisitions and development of land, operating leases, and obligations under our various compensation and benefit plans.
We use letters of credit and surety bonds to guarantee our performance under various contracts, principally in connection with the development of our homebuilding projects. The expiration dates of the letter of credit contracts coincide with the expected completion date of the related homebuilding projects. If the obligations related to a project are ongoing, annual extensions of the letters of credit are typically granted on a year-to-year basis. At September 30, 2022, we had outstanding letters of credit totaling $340.7 million. Our surety bonds generally do not have stated expiration dates; rather, we are released from the bonds as the contractual performance is completed. These bonds, which approximated $2.2 billion at September 30, 2022, are typically outstanding over a period of approximately three to five years. Because significant construction and development work has been performed related to projects that have not yet received final acceptance by the respective counterparties, the aggregate amount of surety bonds outstanding is in excess of the projected cost of the remaining work to be performed.
In the ordinary course of business, we enter into land option agreements in order to procure land for the construction of houses in the future. At September 30, 2022, these agreements had an aggregate remaining purchase price of $6.0 billion. Pursuant to these land option agreements, we generally provide a deposit to the seller as consideration for the right to purchase land at different times in the future, usually at predetermined prices. At September 30, 2022, outstanding deposits totaled $273.1 million, of which $17.2 million is refundable.
For further information regarding our primary obligations, refer to Note 4 and Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on 10-Q for amounts outstanding as of September 30, 2022 related to debt and commitments and contingencies, respectively.
Cash flows
Operating activities
Net cash used in operating activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $303.9 million. Generally, the primary drivers of our cash flow from operations are profitability and changes in the levels of inventory and residential mortgage loans available-for-sale, each of which experiences seasonal fluctuations. The cash outflows from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were primarily due to net income of $1.7 billion along with a seasonal $507.9 million decrease in residential mortgage loans available for sale, offset by a net increase in inventories of $2.7 billion, which was primarily attributable to higher house inventory in production resulting from a large order backlog, more unsold units, and extended production cycle times combined with investment in land inventory.
Net cash provided by operating activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $548.2 million. The positive cash flow from operations in nine months ended September 30, 2021 was primarily due to our net income of $1.3 billion, which included various non-cash items including a loss on debt retirement of $61.5 million, partially offset by a net increase in inventories of $1.1 billion, which was primarily attributable to higher house inventory in production resulting from higher sales activity and extended production cycle times combined with higher investment in land inventory to support future growth.
Investing activities
Net cash used in investing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $154.7 million. These cash outflows primarily reflected a $10.4 million deferred payment related to the 2020 acquisition of Innovative Construction Group ("ICG"), $58.2 million of investments in unconsolidated entities, and capital expenditures of $88.6 million related to our ongoing investments in new communities, facilities, and information technology applications.
Net cash used in investing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $86.5 million. These cash outflows in 2021 primarily reflected a $10.4 million deferred payment related to ICG, $35.8 million of investments in unconsolidated entities, and capital expenditures of $52.1 million related to our ongoing investments in new communities and information technology applications. These outflows were partially offset by distributions from unconsolidated entities of $11.5 million.
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Financing activities
Net cash used in financing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 totaled $1.1 billion. These cash outflows resulted primarily from the repurchase of 21.8 million common shares for $974.7 million under our share repurchase authorization, payments of $109.6 million in cash dividends, and net repayments of $287.9 million under the Repurchase Agreement related to a seasonal reduction in residential mortgage loans available-for-sale. These cash outflows were partially offset by net borrowings of $319.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility.
Net cash used in financing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 totaled $1.5 billion. These cash outflowsresulted primarily from the repurchase of 12.0 million common shares for $614.3 million under our share repurchase authorization, repayments of debt totaling $797.4 million, and payments of $111.7 million in cash dividends. These cash outflows were partially offset by net borrowings of $64.7 million under the Repurchase Agreement.
Seasonality
Although significant changes in market conditions have impacted our seasonal patterns in the past and could do so again, we historically experience variability in our quarterly results from operations due to the seasonal nature of the homebuilding industry. We generally experience increases in revenues and cash flow from operations in the fourth quarter based on the timing of home closings. This seasonal activity increases our working capital requirements in our third and fourth quarters to support our home production and loan origination volumes. As a result of the seasonality of our operations, our quarterly results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. Additionally, given the disruption in economic activity caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, supply chain challenges, increase in mortgage interest rates, and other macroeconomic factors, our quarterly results for 2022 and 2021 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be achieved in the future.
Supplemental Guarantor Financial Information
As of September 30, 2022, PulteGroup, Inc. had outstanding $2.0 billion principal amount of unsecured senior notes due at dates from March 2026 through February 2035 and $319.0 million amounts outstanding on its Revolving Credit Facility.
All of our unsecured senior notes and the Revolving Credit Facility are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, on a joint and several basis, by certain subsidiaries of PulteGroup, Inc. ("Guarantors" or "Guarantor Subsidiaries"). Each of the Guarantor Subsidiaries is 100% owned, directly or indirectly, by PulteGroup, Inc. Our subsidiaries associated with our financial services operations and certain other subsidiaries do not guarantee the unsecured senior notes or the Revolving Credit Facility (collectively, "Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries"). The guarantees are senior unsecured obligations of each Guarantor and rank equal with all existing and future senior debt of such Guarantor and senior to all subordinated debt of such Guarantor. The guarantees are effectively subordinated to any secured debt of such Guarantor to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt.
A court could void or subordinate any Guarantor’s guarantee under the fraudulent conveyance laws if existing or future creditors of any such Guarantor were successful in establishing that such Guarantor:
(a) incurred the guarantee with the intent of hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors; or
(b) received less than reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration in return for incurring the guarantee and, in the case of any one of the following is also true at the time thereof:
•such Guarantor was insolvent or rendered insolvent by reason of the issuance of the incurrence of the guarantee;
•the incurrence of the guarantee left such Guarantor with an unreasonably small amount of capital or assets to carry on its business;
•such Guarantor intended to, or believed that it would, incur debts beyond its ability to pay as they mature; or
•such Guarantor was a defendant in an action for money damages, or had a judgment for money damages docketed against it, if the judgment is unsatisfied after final judgment.
The measures of insolvency for purposes of determining whether a fraudulent conveyance occurred would vary depending upon the laws of the relevant jurisdiction and upon the valuation assumptions and methodology applied by the court. However, in general, a court would deem a company insolvent if:
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•the sum of its debts, including contingent and unliquidated liabilities, was greater than the fair salable value of all of its assets;
•the present fair salable value of its assets was less than the amount that would be required to pay its probable liability on its existing debts, including contingent liabilities, as they become absolute and mature; or
•it could not pay its debts as they became due.
The guarantees of the senior notes contain a provision to limit each Guarantor’s liability to the maximum amount that it could incur without causing the incurrence of obligations under its guarantee to be a fraudulent transfer. However, under recent case law, this provision may not be effective to protect such guarantee from being voided under fraudulent transfer law or otherwise determined to be unenforceable. If a court were to find that the incurrence of a guarantee was a fraudulent transfer or conveyance, the court could void the payment obligations under that guarantee, could subordinate that guarantee to presently existing and future indebtedness of the Guarantor or could require the holders of the senior notes to repay any amounts received with respect to that guarantee. In the event of a finding that a fraudulent transfer or conveyance occurred, you may not receive any repayment on the senior notes.
Finally, as a court of equity, a bankruptcy court may subordinate the claims in respect of the guarantees to other claims against us under the principle of equitable subordination if the court determines that (1) the holder of senior notes engaged in some type of inequitable conduct, (2) the inequitable conduct resulted in injury to our other creditors or conferred an unfair advantage upon the holders of senior notes, and (3) equitable subordination is not inconsistent with the provisions of the bankruptcy code.
On the basis of historical financial information, operating history and other factors, we believe that each of the Guarantors, after giving effect to the issuance of the guarantees when such guarantees were issued, was not insolvent, did not have unreasonably small capital for the business in which it engaged and did not and has not incurred debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature. There can be no assurance, however, as to what standard a court would apply in making these determinations or that a court would agree with our conclusions in this regard.
The following tables present summarized financial information for PulteGroup, Inc. and the Guarantor Subsidiaries on a combined basis after intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated among PulteGroup, Inc. and the Guarantor Subsidiaries, as well as their investment in and equity in earnings from the Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries ($000’s omitted):

PulteGroup, Inc. and Guarantor Subsidiaries
Summarized Balance Sheet Data |  |  |
ASSETS | September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | $134,930 |  | $1,598,328
House and land inventory | 11,475,615 |  |  | 8,859,163 |
Amount due from Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | 56,535 |  |  | 278,531 |
Total assets | 12,889,975 |  |  | 11,658,352 |
LIABILITIES |  |  |
Accounts payable, customer deposits, accrued and other liabilities | $2,846,809 |  | $2,788,465
Notes payable | 2,045,167 |  |  | 2,029,044 |
Total liabilities | 5,393,580 |  |  | 4,986,491 |

| Nine Months Ended |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| September 30, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Summarized Statement of Operations Data | 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues | $10,600,314 |  | $9,035,505 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of revenues | 7,412,687 |  |  | 6,664,370 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general, and administrative expenses | 971,786 |  |  | 852,397 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income before income taxes | 2,143,273 |  |  | 1,427,182 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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Critical Accounting Estimates
While there have been no significant changes to our critical accounting estimates in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared with those contained in Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, the following provides updated disclosure regarding our inventory estimates:
Generally, a community must have projected gross margin percentages in the single digits in order to potentially fail the undiscounted cash flow step and proceed to the fair value step. Our overall gross margin realized in the three months ended September 30, 2022 exceeded 30%, and we have only a small minority of communities with gross margins below 10%. However, in the event of an extended economic slowdown or other factors that lead to moderate or significant decreases in the price of new homes in certain geographic or buyer submarkets, we could have a larger number of communities that begin to approach these levels such that more detailed impairment analyses would be necessary, and the resulting impairments could be material. Additionally, we have $449.5 million of deposits and pre-acquisition costs at September 30, 2022 related to option agreements to acquire additional land. In the event of an extended economic slowdown or moderate to significant decreases in new home prices, we could elect to cancel a large portion of such land option agreements, which would generally result in the write-off of the related deposits and pre-acquisition costs.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Quantitative disclosure
We are subject to market risk on our debt instruments primarily due to fluctuations in interest rates. We utilize both fixed-rate and variable-rate debt. For fixed-rate debt, changes in interest rates generally affect the fair value of the debt instrument but not our earnings or cash flows. Conversely, for variable-rate debt, changes in interest rates generally do not affect the fair value of the debt instrument but could affect our earnings and cash flows. Except in very limited circumstances, we do not have an obligation to prepay fixed-rate debt prior to maturity. As a result, interest rate risk and changes in fair value should not have a significant impact on our fixed-rate debt until we are required or elect to refinance or repurchase such debt.
The following table sets forth the principal cash flows by scheduled maturity, weighted-average interest rates, and estimated fair value of our debt obligations as of September 30, 2022 ($000’s omitted):

| As of September 30, 2022 for the Years ending December 31,
| 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | Thereafter |  | Total |  | Fair Value
Rate-sensitive liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed rate debt | $ | 4,500 |  |  | $ | 16,341 |  |  | $ | 30,792 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 503,595 |  |  | $ | 1,500,000 |  |  | $ | 2,055,228 |  |  | $ | 2,000,378 |
Average interest rate | — | % |  | 3.13 | % |  | 4.27 | % |  | — | % |  | 5.49 | % |  | 6.14 | % |  | 5.92 | % |  |
Variable rate debt (a) | $ | 338,190 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 319,000 |  |  | $ | 657,190 |  |  | $ | 657,190 |
Average interest rate | 4.03 | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | 3.36 | % |  | 3.71 | % |  |

(a) Includes the Pulte Mortgage Repurchase Agreement and amounts outstanding under our Revolving Credit Facility.
Qualitative disclosure
There have been no material changes to the qualitative disclosure found in Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
SPECIAL NOTES CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
As a cautionary note, except for the historical information contained herein, certain matters discussed in Item 2, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, and Item 3, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, are “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results, performance, prospects or opportunities, as well as those of the markets we serve or intend to serve, to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, these statements. You can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate to matters of a strictly factual or historical nature and generally discuss or relate to forecasts, estimates or
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other expectations regarding future events. Generally, the words “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “project,” “may,” “can,” “could,” “might,” “should,” “will” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements, including statements related to any potential impairment charges and the impacts or effects thereof, expected operating and performing results, planned transactions, planned objectives of management, future developments or conditions in the industries in which we participate and other trends, developments and uncertainties that may affect our business in the future.
Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include, among other things: interest rate changes and the availability of mortgage financing; competition within the industries in which we operate; including as it relates to our ability to take pricing actions to offset rising expenses; the availability and cost of land and other raw materials used by us in our homebuilding operations; the impact of any changes to our strategy in responding to the cyclical nature of the industry, including any changes regarding our land positions and the levels of our land spend; the availability and cost of insurance covering risks associated with our businesses; shortages and the cost of labor; weather related slowdowns; slow growth initiatives and/or local building moratoria; governmental regulation directed at or affecting the housing market, the homebuilding industry or construction activities; uncertainty in the mortgage lending industry, including revisions to underwriting standards and repurchase requirements associated with the sale of mortgage loans; the interpretation of or changes to tax, labor and environmental laws which could have a greater impact on our effective tax rate or the value of our deferred tax assets than we anticipate; economic changes nationally or in our local markets, including inflation, deflation, changes in consumer confidence and preferences and the state of the market for homes in general; legal or regulatory proceedings or claims; our ability to generate sufficient cash flow in order to successfully implement our capital allocation priorities; required accounting changes; terrorist acts and other acts of war; the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our financial position and ability to continue our Homebuilding or Financial Services activities at normal levels or at all in impacted areas; the duration, effect and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic; the measures that governmental authorities take to address the COVID-19 pandemic which may precipitate or exacerbate one or more of the above-mentioned and/or other risks and significantly disrupt or prevent us from operating our business in the ordinary course for an extended period of time; and other factors of national, regional and global scale, including those of a political, economic, business and competitive nature. See PulteGroup's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, and other public filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") for a further discussion of these and other risks and uncertainties applicable to our businesses. PulteGroup undertakes no duty to update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or changes in PulteGroup's expectations.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2022. Based upon, and as of the date of that evaluation, our President and Chief Executive Officer and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2022.
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2022 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
There have been no material developments with respect to the information previously reported under Part I, Item 3 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

| Total number of shares purchased (1) |  | Average price paid per share |  | Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs |  | Approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs ($000’s omitted) (2)
July 1, 2022 to July 31, 2022 | 1,073,135 |  |  | $ | 43.29 |  |  | 1,073,135 |  |  | $ | 616,881 |
August 1, 2022 to August 31, 2022 | 952,441 |  |  | $ | 42.57 |  |  | 952,441 |  |  | $ | 576,339 |
September 1, 2022 to September 30, 2022 | 2,353,797 |  |  | $ | 39.70 |  |  | 2,353,797 |  |  | $ | 482,896 |
Total | 4,379,373 |  |  | $ | 41.20 |  |  | 4,379,373 |  |  |

(1) In the nine months ended September 30, 2022, participants surrendered 0.3 million shares for payment of minimum tax obligations upon the vesting or exercise of previously granted share-based compensation awards. Such shares were not repurchased as part of our publicly-announced share repurchase programs and are excluded from the table above.
(2) The Board of Directors approved a share repurchase authorization increase of $1.0 billion on January 31, 2022. There is no expiration date for this program, under which $482.9 million remained as of September 30, 2022.
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Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibit Number and Description

3 |  | (a) |  | Restated Articles of Incorporation, of PulteGroup, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on August 18, 2009)
|  | (b) |  | Certificate of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation, dated March 18, 2010 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(b) of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2010)
|  | (c) |  | Certificate of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation, dated May 21, 2010 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(c) of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2010)
|  | (d) |  | Amended and Restated By-Laws of PulteGroup, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 6, 2022)
|  | (e) |  | Certificate of Designation of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Shares, dated August 6, 2009 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(b) of our Registration Statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on August 18, 2009)
4 |  | (a) |  | Any instrument with respect to long-term debt, where the securities authorized thereunder do not exceed 10% of the total assets of PulteGroup, Inc. and its subsidiaries, has not been filed. The Company agrees to furnish a copy of such instruments to the SEC upon request.
|  | (b) |  | Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement, dated as of March 18, 2010, between PulteGroup, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as rights agent, which includes the Form of Rights Certificate as Exhibit B thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 of PulteGroup, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A/A, filed with the SEC on March 23, 2010)
|  | (c) |  | First Amendment to Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement, dated as of March 14, 2013, between PulteGroup, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as rights agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of PulteGroup, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 15, 2013)
|  | (d) |  | Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2016, between PulteGroup, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as rights agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of PulteGroup, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016)
|  | (e) |  | Third Amendment to Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement, dated as of March 7, 2019, between PulteGroup, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as rights agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of PulteGroup, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 7, 2019)
|  | (f) |  | Fourth Amendment to Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement, dated as of May 11, 2020, between PulteGroup, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as rights agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of PulteGroup, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 11, 2020)
|  | (g) |  | Fifth Amendment to Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2022, between PulteGroup, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as rights agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of PulteGroup, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 11, 2022)
10 |  | (a) |  | Fourth Amended and Restated Master Repurchase Agreement, dated as of July 2 8, 202 2, among Comerica Bank, as Agent, Lead Arranger and a Buyer, the other Buyers party thereto and Pulte Mortgage LLC, as Seller (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of PulteGroup, Inc's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on July 29, 202 2)
22 |  | (a) |  | List of Guarantor Subsidiaries (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 22 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on February 7, 2022)
31 |  | (a) |  | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification by Ryan R. Marshall, President and Chief Executive Officer (Filed herewith)
|  | (b) |  | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification by Robert T. O'Shaughnessy, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Filed herewith)
32 |  |  |  | Certification Pursuant to 18 United States Code § 1350 and Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Furnished herewith)
101.INS |  |  |  | Inline XBRL Instance Document - The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document

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101.SCH |  |  |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL |  |  |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF |  |  |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB |  |  |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE |  |  |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104 |  |  |  | The cover page from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, formatted in Inline XBRL

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

PULTEGROUP, INC. |
/s/ Robert T. O'Shaughnessy |
Robert T. O'Shaughnessy |
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
(Principal Financial Officer and duly authorized officer) |
Date: | October 25, 2022 |

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