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Organization and Significant Accounting Policies | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2020
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] |
Organization and Significant Accounting Policies |
1. Organization and Significant Accounting Policies
Organization and Business
DexCom, Inc. is a medical device company focused on the design, development and commercialization of continuous glucose monitoring, or CGM systems for use by people with diabetes and by healthcare providers. Unless the context requires otherwise, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” the “company,” or “DexCom” refer to DexCom, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation
We have prepared the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements (the “financial statements”) in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation, have been included. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2020. We expect that revenues we generate from the sales of our products will fluctuate from quarter to quarter. We experience seasonality that is typical in our industry, with lower sales in the first quarter of each year compared to the fourth quarter of the previous year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2019 included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K that we filed with the SEC on February 13, 2020. These financial statements include the accounts of DexCom, Inc. and our wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The functional currencies of our international subsidiaries are generally the local currencies. We translate the financial statements of our foreign subsidiaries into U.S. dollars using period-end exchange rates for assets and liabilities and average exchange rates for each period for revenue, costs and expenses. We include translation-related adjustments in comprehensive income (loss) and in accumulated other comprehensive income in the equity section of our consolidated balance sheet. Gains and losses resulting from certain intercompany transactions as well as transactions with customers and vendors that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of each entity give rise to foreign exchange gains or losses that we record in interest and other income, net in our consolidated statements of operations.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our financial statements and the disclosures made in the accompanying notes. Areas requiring significant estimates include transaction price, net accounts receivable, excess or obsolete inventories and the valuation of inventory, and accruals for litigation contingencies. Despite our intention to establish accurate estimates and use reasonable assumptions, actual results may differ from our estimates.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Accounts receivable are generally recorded at the invoiced amount for Distributors and at net realizable value for Direct customers, which is determined using estimates of claim denials and historical reimbursement experience without regard to aging category. Accounts receivable are not interest bearing. We evaluate the creditworthiness of significant customers based on historical trends, the financial condition of our customers, and external market factors. We generally do not require collateral from our customers. We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for potential credit losses. Uncollectable accounts are written off against the allowance after appropriate collection efforts have been exhausted and when it is deemed that a customer account is uncollectable. Generally, receivable balances greater than one year past due are deemed uncollectable.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments which potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, short-term marketable securities, and accounts receivable. We limit our exposure to credit risk by placing our cash and investments with high credit quality financial institutions. We have also established guidelines regarding diversification of our investments and their maturities that are designed to maintain principal and maximize liquidity. We review these guidelines periodically and modify them to take advantage of trends in yields and interest rates and changes in our operations and financial position.
Revenue Recognition
We generate our revenue from the sale of our reusable transmitter and receiver, collectively referred to as “Reusable Hardware” and disposable sensors. We refer to Reusable Hardware and disposable sensors in this section as “Components”. Policy elections and practical expedients taken
• | We report revenue net of taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities;
• | We account for shipping and handling activities that are performed after a customer has obtained control of a good as fulfillment costs rather than as separate performance obligations;
• | We do not assess whether promised goods or services are performance obligations if they are immaterial in the context of the contract with the customer; and
• | If we expect, at contract inception, that the period between the transfer of control and corresponding payment from the customer will be one year or less, we do not adjust the amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component.
Contracts and performance obligations We consider customer purchase orders, which in most cases are governed by agreements with distributors or third-party payors, to be contracts with a customer. For each contract, we consider the obligation to transfer Components to the customer, each of which are distinct, to be separate performance obligations. We also provide free-of-charge software, mobile applications and updates for our DexCom Share® remote monitoring system. The standalone selling prices of our free-of-charge software, mobile applications and updates are estimated based on an expected cost plus a margin approach. Transaction price Transaction price for the Components reflects the net consideration to which we expect to be entitled. Transaction price is typically based on the contracted rates less an estimate of claim denials and historical reimbursement experience by payor, which include current and future expectations regarding reimbursement rates and payor mix. Variable consideration Rebates. We estimate reductions for rebates based on contractual arrangements, estimates of products sold subject to rebate, known events or trends and channel inventory data. Product Returns. In accordance with the terms of their distribution agreements, most distributors do not have rights of return outside of our limited warranty. The distributors typically have a limited time frame to notify us of any missing, damaged, defective or non-conforming products. We generally provide a “30-day money back guarantee” program whereby first-time end-user customers may return Reusable Hardware. Product returns have historically been immaterial. Revenue recognition The timing of revenue recognition is based on the satisfaction of performance obligations. Substantially all of the performance obligations associated with our Components are satisfied at a point in time, which typically occurs at shipment of our products. Terms of direct and distributor orders are generally Freight on Board (FOB) shipping point for U.S. orders or Free Carrier (FCA) shipping point for international orders. For certain of sales transactions, control transfers at delivery of the product to the customer. In cases where our free-of-charge software, mobile applications and updates are deemed to be separate performance obligations, revenue is recognized over time on a ratable basis over the estimated life of the related Reusable Hardware component. Our sales of Components include an assurance-type warranty. Judgments and Estimates In determining how revenue should be recognized, a five-step process is used, which requires judgment and estimates that can have a significant impact on the amount and timing of revenue we report. These judgments and estimates include identifying performance obligations in the contract, determining whether the performance obligations are separate, allocating the transaction price to each separate performance obligation, determining the timing of revenue recognition for separate performance obligations and estimating the amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price. Contract balances Contract balances represent amounts presented in the consolidated balance sheets when either we have transferred goods or services to the customer or the customer has paid consideration to us under the contract. These contract balances include accounts receivable and deferred revenue. Payment terms vary by contract type and type of customer and generally range from 30 to 90 days. Accounts receivable as of March 31, 2020 included unbilled accounts receivable of $6.9 million. Unbilled accounts receivable consists of revenue recognized for Components we have delivered but not yet invoiced to customers. We expect to invoice and collect all unbilled accounts receivable within 12 months. We record deferred revenue when we have entered into a contract with a customer and cash payments are received or due prior to transfer of control or satisfaction of the related performance obligation. The table below shows revenue that we recognized as a result of changes in the contract liability balances in the periods shown.
| Three Months Ended March 31,
(In millions) | 2020 |  | 2019
Revenue recognized in the period from: |  |  |
Amounts included in contract liabilities at the beginning of the period | $ | 1.1 |  |  | $ | 2.4 |
Our performance obligations are generally satisfied within 12 months of the initial contract date. The deferred revenue balance related to performance obligations that will be satisfied after 12 months was $3.6 million as of March 31, 2020 and $2.1 million as of December 31, 2019, and is included in other long-term liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. Deferred cost of sales Deferred cost of sales are associated with sales for which revenue recognition criteria are not met but product has shipped and released from inventory. Deferred cost of sales are included in prepaid and other current assets in our consolidated balance sheets. Incentive compensation costs We generally expense incentive compensation associated with our internal sales force when incurred because the amortization period for such costs, if capitalized, would have been one year or less. We record these costs in selling, general and administrative expense in our consolidated statement of operations.
Net Income (Loss) Per Share
Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period and, when dilutive, potential common share equivalents. Potentially dilutive common shares consist of shares issuable from stock options, unvested RSUs, warrants and our 0.75% convertible senior notes due 2022 (the “2022 Notes”) and our 0.75% convertible senior notes due 2023 (the “2023 Notes,” together with the 2022 Notes, the “senior convertible notes”). Potentially dilutive common share equivalents shares from outstanding stock options, warrants and unvested RSUs are determined using the average share price for each period under the treasury stock method. Potentially dilutive shares issuable upon conversion of our senior convertible notes are determined using the if-converted method. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share for the periods shown.
|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
(In millions) |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 19.9 |  |  | $ | (26.9 | )
Net income (loss) per common share |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | 0.22 |  |  | $ | (0.30 | )
Diluted |  | $ | 0.21 |  |  | $ | (0.30 | )
Basic weighted average shares outstanding |  | 91.8 |  |  | 90.3 |
Dilutive potential common stock outstanding: |  |  |  |
Stock options and employee stock purchase plan |  | — |  |  | — |
Restricted stock units |  | 1.2 |  |  | — |
2023 Warrants |  | 1.1 |  |  | — |
2022 senior convertible notes |  | — |  |  | — |
2023 senior convertible notes |  | — |  |  | — |
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding |  | 94.1 |  |  | 90.3 |
In periods of net losses, we exclude potentially dilutive common shares from the computation of the diluted net loss per share for those periods as the effect would be anti-dilutive. Outstanding anti-dilutive securities not included in the diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders calculations were as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31,
(In millions) | 2020 |  | 2019
Options outstanding to purchase common stock | — |  |  | — |
Unvested restricted stock units | 0.1 |  |  | 2.3 |
2023 Warrants | 4.1 |  |  | 5.2 |
Senior convertible notes due 2022 | 4.0 |  |  | 4.0 |
Senior convertible notes due 2023 | 5.2 |  |  | 5.2 |
Total | 13.4 |  |  | 16.7 |
Recent Accounting Guidance
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which amends the impairment model by requiring entities to use a forward-looking approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables and available-for-sale debt securities. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those periods, and early adoption is permitted. Our adoption of ASU 2016-13 at the beginning of the first quarter of 2020 did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements. The Company will continue to monitor the impact of the novel strain of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (“COVID-19”) outbreak on expected credit losses. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (ASU 2017-04). This new guidance eliminates the requirement to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill to measure a goodwill impairment charge. Instead, entities will record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value. ASU 2017-04 is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. Our adoption of ASU 2017-04 at the beginning of the first quarter of 2020 did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement: Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (ASU 2018-13), which adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. Under the new guidance, entities will no longer be required to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, or valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements. However, public business entities will be required to disclose the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and related changes in unrealized gains and losses included in other comprehensive income. ASU 2018-13 is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. Our adoption of ASU 2018-13 at the beginning of the first quarter of 2020 did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other – Internal-Use Software: Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract (ASU 2018-15). This new guidance requires a customer in a cloud computing arrangement to determine which implementation costs to capitalize as assets or expense as incurred. Capitalized implementation costs related to a hosting arrangement that is a service contract will be amortized over the term of the hosting arrangement, beginning when the module or component of the hosting arrangement is ready for its intended use. ASU 2018-15 is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. Application of this guidance can be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. We adopted the new standard on January 1, 2020 on a prospective basis. Our adoption of ASU 2018-15 at the beginning of the first quarter of 2020 did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements, however, the adoption of the standard resulted in an increase in capitalized assets related to qualifying cloud computing arrangement implementation costs incurred after the adoption date. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which is intended to simplify various aspects of the income tax accounting guidance, including requirements such as tax basis step-up in goodwill obtained in a transaction that is not a business combination, ownership changes in investments, and interim-period accounting for enacted changes in tax law. ASU 2019-12 is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.

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