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Income Taxes
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
6. Income Taxes
We estimate our annual effective tax rate to be 24.2% for the full year 2025, which differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate due to state and foreign income taxes, federal taxation of international operations, and nondeductible executive compensation, partially offset by federal tax credits generated. Our actual effective tax rate of 31.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the estimated annual effective tax rate of 24.2%, was primarily due to shortfalls recognized for employee share-based compensation, net of disallowed executive compensation.
The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development has a framework to implement a global minimum corporate tax of 15% for companies with global revenues and profits above certain thresholds (referred to as Pillar 2), with certain aspects of Pillar 2 effective January 1, 2024 and other aspects effective January 1, 2025. While it is uncertain whether the United States will enact legislation to adopt Pillar 2, certain countries in which we operate have adopted legislation, and other countries in which we operate are in the process of introducing legislation to implement Pillar 2. We have assessed the impact of Pillar 2 on our financial statements and the impact is immaterial.
In June 2024, the State of California enacted S.B. 167, which suspends the use of net operating losses (“NOLs”) for the tax period from January 1, 2024 to December 31, 2026 for net business income of $1.0 million or more, as well as limits the utilization of research and development tax credits to $5.0 million each year. The State of California also passed S.B. 175 to provide for a potential early sunset of NOLs in either 2025 or 2026 if necessary. We have analyzed the effect of both these laws on our financial statements. We are estimating $4.6 million utilization of our California research and development tax credits for the tax year ending December 31, 2025.