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Debt | 6 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2019
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] |
Debt | Debt Our long-term debt consisted of the following as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
| June 30, 2019 |  | December 31, 2018
| Principal Amount |  | Carrying Amount |  | Principal Amount |  | Carrying Amount
| ($ in millions)
Floating rate senior notes due 2019 | — |  |  | — |  |  | 380 |  |  | 380 |
6.625% senior notes due 2020 | 208 |  |  | 208 |  |  | 437 |  |  | 437 |
6.875% senior notes due 2020 | 93 |  |  | 93 |  |  | 227 |  |  | 227 |
6.125% senior notes due 2021 | 167 |  |  | 167 |  |  | 548 |  |  | 548 |
5.375% senior notes due 2021 | 127 |  |  | 127 |  |  | 267 |  |  | 267 |
4.875% senior notes due 2022 | 451 |  |  | 451 |  |  | 451 |  |  | 451 |
5.75% senior notes due 2023 | 338 |  |  | 338 |  |  | 338 |  |  | 338 |
7.00% senior notes due 2024 | 850 |  |  | 850 |  |  | 850 |  |  | 850 |
6.875% senior notes due 2025(a) | 700 |  |  | 704 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
8.00% senior notes due 2025 | 1,300 |  |  | 1,292 |  |  | 1,300 |  |  | 1,291 |
5.5% convertible senior notes due 2026(b) | 1,250 |  |  | 882 |  |  | 1,250 |  |  | 866 |
7.5% senior notes due 2026 | 400 |  |  | 400 |  |  | 400 |  |  | 400 |
8.00% senior notes due 2026 | 919 |  |  | 884 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
8.00% senior notes due 2027 | 1,300 |  |  | 1,299 |  |  | 1,300 |  |  | 1,299 |
2.25% contingent convertible senior notes due 2038 | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |
Chesapeake revolving credit facility | 1,372 |  |  | 1,372 |  |  | 419 |  |  | 419 |
BVL revolving credit facility(a) | 686 |  |  | 686 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Debt issuance costs | — |  |  | (53 | ) |  | — |  |  | (53 | )
Interest rate derivatives | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |
Total debt, net | 10,161 |  |  | 9,701 |  |  | 8,168 |  |  | 7,722 |
Less current maturities of long-term debt, net | — |  |  | — |  |  | (381 | ) |  | (381 | )
Total long-term debt, net | $ | 10,161 |  |  | $ | 9,701 |  |  | $ | 7,787 |  |  | $ | 7,341 |
___________________________________________
(a) | On February 1, 2019, we acquired the debt of WildHorse which consisted of 6.875% Senior Notes due 2025 and a revolving credit facility. We now refer to this debt as our BVL Senior Notes and our BVL revolving credit facility, respectively. See further discussion below.
(b) | We are required to account for the liability and equity components of our convertible debt instrument separately and to reflect interest expense through the first demand repurchase date, as applicable, at the interest rate of similar nonconvertible debt at the time of issuance. The applicable rate for our 5.5% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026 is 11.5%. Prior to maturity under certain circumstances and at the holder’s option, the notes are convertible. During the Current Quarter, the price of our common stock was below the threshold level for conversion and, as a result, the holders do not have the option to convert their notes in the third quarter of 2019.
Chesapeake Revolving Credit Facility Our Chesapeake revolving credit facility matures in September 2023 and the current aggregate commitment of the lenders and borrowing base under the facility is $3.0 billion. The revolving credit facility provides for an accordion feature, pursuant to which the aggregate commitments thereunder may be increased to up to $4.0 billion from time to time, subject to agreement of the participating lenders and certain other customary conditions. Scheduled borrowing base redeterminations will continue to occur semiannually. Our borrowing base was reaffirmed in the Current Quarter, and our next borrowing base redetermination is scheduled for the fourth quarter of 2019. As of June 30, 2019, we had outstanding borrowings of $1.372 billion under the Chesapeake revolving credit facility and had used $54 million of the Chesapeake revolving credit facility for various letters of credit. On February 1, 2019, we entered into a first amendment to our Chesapeake credit agreement. Among other things, the amendment (i) designated our subsidiary, Brazos Valley Longhorn, and its subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries under the Chesapeake revolving credit facility and (ii) expressly permitted our initial investment in WildHorse under the limitations on investments covenant. As a result of BVL and its subsidiaries being designated as unrestricted subsidiaries under the Chesapeake revolving credit facility, transactions between BVL and its subsidiaries, on the one hand, and Chesapeake and its subsidiaries (other than BVL and its subsidiaries), on the other hand, are required to be on an arm’s-length basis, subject to certain exceptions, and Chesapeake is limited in the amount of investments it can make in BVL and its subsidiaries. Borrowings under the Chesapeake revolving credit facility bear interest at an alternative base rate (ABR) or LIBOR, at our election, plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.50%-2.00% per annum for ABR loans and 1.50%-3.00% per annum for LIBOR loans, depending on the percentage of the borrowing base then being utilized and whether our leverage ratio exceeds 4.00 to 1.00. The Chesapeake revolving credit facility is subject to various financial and other covenants. The terms of the Chesapeake credit agreement include covenants limiting, among other things, our ability to incur additional indebtedness, make investments or loans, incur liens, consummate mergers and similar fundamental changes, make restricted payments, make investments in unrestricted subsidiaries and enter into transactions with affiliates. The Chesapeake credit agreement contains financial covenants that require us to maintain (i) a leverage ratio of not more than 5.50 to 1 through the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2019, which threshold decreases over time to 4.00 to 1.00 for the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2021 thereafter, (ii) a secured leverage ratio of not more than 2.50 to 1.00 until the later of (x) the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2021 or (y) the first fiscal quarter in which the Company’s leverage ratio does not exceed 4.00 to 1.00 and (iii) a fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 2.00 to 1.00 through the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2019; not less than 2.25 to 1.00 through the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2020; and not less than 2.50 to 1.00 for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2020 and thereafter. As of June 30, 2019, we were in compliance with all applicable financial covenants under the credit agreement and we were able to borrow up to the full availability under the Chesapeake revolving credit facility. BVL Revolving Credit Facility In connection with the acquisition of WildHorse, our subsidiary, BVL, became the borrower under the WildHorse revolving credit facility (as amended, the “BVL revolving credit facility”). The BVL revolving credit facility has a maximum credit amount of $2.0 billion, with current aggregate commitments and a borrowing base of $1.3 billion. The BVL revolving credit facility matures in December 2021. Scheduled borrowing base redeterminations occur on at least a semi-annual basis, primarily on the basis of estimated proved reserves. The borrowing base was reaffirmed in the Current Quarter of 2019 and the next scheduled redetermination is in the fourth quarter of 2019. As of June 30, 2019, we had outstanding borrowings of $686 million. The BVL revolving credit facility is guaranteed by certain of BVL’s subsidiaries (the “BVL Guarantors”) and is required to be secured by substantially all of the assets of BVL and BVL Guarantors, including mortgages on not less than 85% of the proved reserves of their oil and gas properties. On February 1, 2019, BVL, as successor by merger to WildHorse, entered into a sixth amendment to the BVL credit agreement. Among other things, the amendment (i) amended the merger covenant and the definition of change of control to permit our acquisition of WildHorse and (ii) permits borrowings under the BVL revolving credit facility to be used to redeem or repurchase the BVL senior notes so long as certain conditions are met. The obligations under the BVL revolving credit facility are the senior secured obligations of BVL and the BVL Guarantors. The obligations under the BVL revolving credit facility are not obligations of Chesapeake or any of its other subsidiaries. The obligations under the BVL revolving credit facility rank equally in right of payment with all other senior secured indebtedness of Brazos Valley Longhorn and the other BVL Guarantors, and are effectively senior to the BVL and the BVL Guarantors’ senior unsecured indebtedness, including their obligations under the BVL Senior Notes, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing the BVL revolving credit facility. The BVL revolving credit facility is used for the liquidity and expenses of BVL and its subsidiaries and not Chesapeake and its other subsidiaries. Revolving loans under the BVL revolving credit facility bear interest at an ABR, Eurodollar rate or LIBOR at BVL’s election, plus an applicable margin (ranging from 0.50%-1.50% per annum for ABR loans, 1.50%-2.50% per annum for Eurodollar loans and 1.50%-2.50% per annum for LIBOR loans), depending on Brazos Valley Longhorn’s total commitment usage. The unused portion of the total commitments are subject to a commitment fee that varies from 0.375% to 0.500%, depending on BVL’s total commitment usage. The terms of the BVL credit agreement include covenants limiting, among other things, the ability of BVL and its restricted subsidiaries (as defined in the BVL credit agreement) to incur additional indebtedness, make investments or loans, incur liens, consummate mergers or similar fundamental changes, make restricted payments, including distributions to Chesapeake, and enter into transactions with affiliates, including Chesapeake and its other subsidiaries. The BVL credit agreement also contains financial covenants that require BVL to maintain (i)(x) if there are no loans outstanding thereunder, a ratio of net debt to EBITDAX (as defined in the BVL credit agreement) of not more than 4.00 to 1.00 as of the last day of each fiscal quarter or (y) if there are such loans outstanding, a ratio of total funded debt to EBITDAX of not more than 4.00 to 1.00 as of the last day of each fiscal quarter and (ii) a ratio of current assets (including availability under the BVL revolving credit facility) to current liabilities of not less than 1.00 to 1.00 as of the last day of each fiscal quarter. As of June 30, 2019, we were in compliance with all applicable financial covenants under the BVL credit agreement and we were able to borrow up to the full availability under the BVL revolving credit facility. Chesapeake Senior Notes In the Current Quarter, we issued at par approximately $919 million of 8.00% Senior Notes due 2026 (“2026 notes”) pursuant to a private exchange offer for the following outstanding senior unsecured notes:
|  | Notes Exchanged
|  | ($ in millions)
6.625% senior notes due 2020 |  | $ | 229 |
6.875% senior notes due 2020 |  | 134 |
6.125% senior notes due 2021 |  | 381 |
5.375% senior notes due 2021 |  | 140 |
Total |  | $ | 884 |
We may redeem some or all of the 2026 notes at any time prior to March 15, 2022 at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed plus a “make-whole” premium. At any time prior to March 15, 2022, we also may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of each series of notes with an amount of cash not greater than the net cash proceeds of certain equity offerings at a specified redemption price. In addition, we may redeem some or all of the 2026 notes at any time on or after March 15, 2022 at the redemption prices in accordance with the terms of the notes, the indenture and supplemental indenture governing the notes. These senior notes are unsecured obligations of Chesapeake and rank equally in right of payment with all of our other existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness and rank senior in right of payment to all of our future subordinated indebtedness. Our obligations under the senior notes are jointly and severally, fully and unconditionally guaranteed by all of our wholly owned subsidiaries that guarantee the Chesapeake revolving credit facility and certain other unsecured senior notes. We accounted for the exchange as a modification to existing debt and no gain or loss was recognized. In the Current Quarter, we repaid upon maturity $380 million principal amount of our Floating Rate Senior Notes due April 2019 with borrowings from our Chesapeake revolving credit facility. BVL Senior Notes As a result of the completion of the acquisition of WildHorse, BVL assumed the obligations under WildHorse’s $700 million aggregate principal amount of 6.875% Senior Notes due 2025 (the “BVL Senior Notes”) and Brazos Valley Longhorn Finance Corp. (“BVL Finance Corp.”), a wholly owned subsidiary of BVL, became a co-issuer of the BVL Senior Notes. On February 1, 2019, BVL, as successor by merger to WildHorse, and BVL Finance Corp. entered into a fourth supplemental indenture (the “BVL supplemental indenture”) to the indenture governing the BVL Senior Notes (as supplemented, the “BVL indenture”). Pursuant to the BVL supplemental indenture, (i) BVL assumed the rights and obligations of WildHorse as issuer under the BVL indenture and (ii) BVL Finance Corp. was named as a co-issuer of the BVL senior notes under the BVL indenture. The BVL Senior Notes are the senior unsecured obligations of BVL, BVL Finance Corp. and the other BVL Guarantors. The BVL Senior Notes are not obligations of Chesapeake or any of its other subsidiaries. The BVL Senior Notes rank equally in right of payment with all other senior unsecured indebtedness of BVL, BVL Finance Corp. and the other BVL Guarantors, and will be effectively subordinated to BVL’s, BVL Finance Corp.’s and the other BVL Guarantors’ senior secured indebtedness, including their obligations under the BVL revolving credit facility, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness. The BVL indenture contains customary reporting covenants (including furnishing quarterly and annual reports to the holders of the BVL Senior Notes) and restrictive covenants that, among other things, limit the ability of BVL and its subsidiaries to: (i) pay dividends on, purchase or redeem BVL’s equity interests or purchase or redeem subordinated debt, unless such distributions, purchases or redemptions are permitted by certain exceptions, including for amounts based on BVL’s operating results, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, and a $25 million basket; (ii) make certain investments; (iii) incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue certain types of equity securities; (iv) create or incur certain secured debt; (v) sell assets; (vi) consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of BVL’s assets; (vii) enter into agreements that restrict distributions or other payments from BVL’s restricted subsidiaries to BVL; (viii) engage in transactions with affiliates, including Chesapeake and its other subsidiaries; and (ix) create unrestricted subsidiaries. These covenants are subject to a number of important qualifications and limitations. In addition, most of the covenants will be terminated before the BVL Senior Notes mature if at any time no default or event of default exists under the BVL indenture and the BVL Senior Notes receive an investment grade rating from both of two specified ratings agencies. The BVL indenture also contains customary events of default. The BVL credit agreement and the BVL indenture constrain the ability of BVL and its subsidiaries to make distributions or otherwise provide funds to, or guarantee the obligations of, Chesapeake and its other subsidiaries. The provisions of the BVL credit agreement and the BVL indenture require that all transactions between BVL and its subsidiaries, on the one hand, and Chesapeake and its other subsidiaries, on the other hand, be on an arm's-length basis, subject to certain exceptions. Fair Value of Debt We estimate the fair value of our senior notes based on the market value of our publicly traded debt as determined based on the yield of our senior notes (Level 1). The fair value of all other debt is based on a market approach using estimates provided by an independent investment financial data services firm (Level 2). Fair value is compared to the carrying value, excluding the impact of interest rate derivatives, in the table below:
|  | June 30, 2019 |  | December 31, 2018
|  | Carrying Amount |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Carrying Amount |  | Estimated Fair Value
|  |  |  | ($ in millions) |  |
Short-term debt (Level 1) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 381 |  |  | $ | 379 |
Long-term debt (Level 1) |  | $ | 3,321 |  |  | $ | 3,126 |  |  | $ | 3,495 |  |  | $ | 3,173 |
Long-term debt (Level 2) |  | $ | 6,380 |  |  | $ | 6,060 |  |  | $ | 3,846 |  |  | $ | 3,644 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 470 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2208564 + Details
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