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Defined benefit plans

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Disclosure of defined benefit plans [abstract]

27.	Defined benefit plans

The Group has operated a defined benefit plan and calculates defined benefit obligations based on the employee’s pension compensation benefits and service period.

(a)

Defined benefit plan assets and obligations as of December 31, 2024 and 2025 are as follows:


	2024			2025
Present value of defined benefit obligations	W	2,345,148			2,313,168
Fair value of plan assets		(2,461,871	)		(2,648,445	)

Recognized liability (asset) for defined benefit obligations (*)	W	(116,723	)		(335,277	)

(*)

The asset for defined benefit obligation of

116,723 million as of December 31, 2024 is the net defined benefit assets of

155,697 million less the net defined liabilities of

38,974 million. In addition, the asset for defined benefit obligation of

335,277 million as of December 31, 2025 is the net defined benefit assets of

353,097 million less the net defined liabilities of

17,820 million.

(b)

Changes in the present value of defined benefit obligation and plan assets for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2025 are as follows:


	2024
	Defined benefit obligation			Plan assets			Net defined benefit liabilities (assets)
Beginning balance	W	2,219,490			(2,266,248	)		(46,758	)
Included in profit or loss (*):
Current service cost		164,062			—			164,062
Past service cost		(18,613	)		—			(18,613	)
Net interest expense (income)		107,274			(122,178	)		(14,904	)
Settlement loss (gain)		(1,990	)		18			(1,972	)

		250,733			(122,160	)		128,573

Included in other comprehensive income:
Remeasurement loss (gain)
- Actuarial losses(gains) arising from
Demographic assumptions		(2,338	)		—			(2,338	)
Financial assumptions		141,583			2,407			143,990
Experience adjustment		(121,322	)		—			(121,322	)
- Return on plan assets excluding interest income		605			29,966			30,571

		18,528			32,373			50,901

Other:
Benefits paid by the plan		(143,331	)		60,606			(82,725	)
Contributions paid into the plan		—			(166,447	)		(166,447	)
Gains or losses on settlement		—			5			5
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rates		(272	)		—			(272	)

		(143,603	)		(105,836	)		(249,439	)

Ending balance	W	2,345,148			(2,461,871	)		(116,723	)


	2025
	Defined benefit obligation			Plan assets			Net defined benefit liabilities (assets)
Beginning balance	W	2,345,148			(2,461,871	)		(116,723	)
Included in profit or loss (*):
Current service cost		166,534			—			166,534
Past service cost		8,624			—			8,624
Net interest expense (income)		96,771			(113,722	)		(16,951	)
Settlement loss (gain)		(893	)		8			(885	)

		271,036			(113,714	)		157,322

Included in other comprehensive income:
Remeasurement loss (gain)
- Actuarial losses(gains) arising from
Demographic assumptions		(3,913	)		—			(3,913	)
Financial assumptions		(29,812	)		2,719			(27,093	)
Experience adjustment		28,921			—			28,921
- Return on plan assets excluding interest income		—			34,682			34,682

		(4,804	)		37,401			32,597

Other:
Benefits paid by the plan		(298,060	)		148,422			(149,638	)
Contributions paid into the plan		—			(258,683	)		(258,683	)
Settlement gains and losses		188			—			188
Changes in the scope of consolidation		(496	)		—			(496	)
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rates		156			—			156

		(298,212	)		(110,261	)		(408,473	)

Ending balance	W	2,313,168			(2,648,445	)		(335,277	)

(*)

Profit or loss related to defined benefit plans is all included in the general administrative expense.

(c)

The composition of plan assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2025 are as follows:


	2024		2025
Plan assets comprise:
Debt securities	W	38,634		42,296
Due from banks		2,046,507		1,729,816
Others		376,730		876,333

	W	2,461,871		2,648,445

(d)

Actuarial assumptions as of December 31, 2024 and 2025 are as follows:


	2024	2025	Description
Discount rate	3.45%~4.66%	3.81%~4.93%	AA0 corporate bond yields
Future salary increase rate	1.94%~5.94% + Upgrade rate	1.94%~5.96% + Upgrade rate	Average for 5 years
Weighted average maturity	5.00 years~ 11.00 years	4.98 years~ 10.04 years

(e)

Sensitivity analysis

As of December 31, 2024 and 2025, reasonably possible changes in one of the relevant actuarial assumptions, holding other assumptions constant, would have affected the defined benefit obligation by the amounts shown below.


	2024
	Defined benefit obligation
	Increase			Decrease
Discount rate (1%p movement)	W	(180,402	)		204,053
Future salary increase rate (1%p movement)		211,736			(190,347	)


	2025
	Defined benefit obligation
	Increase			Decrease
Discount rate (1%p movement)	W	(183,183	)		199,684
Future salary increase rate (1%p movement)		202,468			(191,712	)

(f)

The Group’s estimated contribution is

161,400 million as of December 31, 2026.