Other operating income and expenses, net


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019			2020			2021
	NT$			NT$			NT$			US$ (Note 4)

Rental income	$	136,301		$	153,682		$	175,373		$	6,322
Gain (loss) on disposal of property, plant and equipment		(164,467	)		460,868			71,770			2,587
Royalty income		—			—			135,400			4,881
Impairment loss (Note 15)		(201,006	)		(992,273	)		(126,766	)		(4,571	)
Others		(39,383	)		880,215			934,052			33,673


	$	(268,555	)	$	502,492		$	1,189,829		$	42,892

Other income


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019		2020		2021
	NT$		NT$		NT$		US$ (Note 4)

Interest income
Bank deposits	$	549,681	$	520,783	$	529,132	$	19,074
Contracts with customers		—		—		13,197		476
Government subsidies		624,351		803,049		767,918		27,683
Dividends income		185,061		150,715		289,852		10,449


	$	1,359,093	$	1,474,547	$	1,600,099	$	57,682

Other gains and losses


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019			2020			2021
	NT$			NT$			NT$			US$ (Note 4)

Remeasurement gain on investments accounted for using the equity method due to step acquisition	$	319,712		$	—		$	—		$	—
Net gain on financial assets mandatorily at FVTPL		3,631,763			3,211,125			1,199,065			43,225
Net loss arising on financial instruments held for trading		(1,984,941	)		(3,282,973	)		(2,689,070	)		(96,938	)
Gain on disposal of subsidiaries (Note 30)		—			802,753			17,340,418			625,105
Foreign exchange gain, net		1,125,681			1,005,374			1,395,054			50,290
Gain recognized in bargain purchase transaction (Note 29)		—			—			33,114			1,194
Gain (loss) on disposal of investments accounted for using the equity method		—			91,297			(67,482	)		(2,433	)
Impairment loss on financial assets		(400,201	)		—			—			—
Others		(8,025	)		—			—			—


	$	2,683,989		$	1,827,576		$	17,211,099		$	620,443

Finance costs


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019			2020			2021
	NT$			NT$			NT$			US$ (Note 4)

Interest on lease liabilities	$	88,742		$	88,026		$	105,159		$	3,791
Interest on borrowings and bonds payable		4,211,541			3,498,999			2,790,368			100,590

Total interest expense for financial liabilities measured at amortized cost		4,300,283			3,587,025			2,895,527			104,381
Less: Amounts included in the cost of qualifying assets
Inventories related to real estate business		(35,713	)		(95,589	)		(71,011	)		(2,560	)
Property, plant and equipment		(77,715	)		(54,208	)		(25,581	)		(922	)

		4,186,855			3,437,228			2,798,935			100,899
Other finance costs		16,540			22,283			32,372			1,167


	$	4,203,395		$	3,459,511		$	2,831,307		$	102,066

Information relating to the capitalized borrowing costs was as follows:


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019		2020		2021

Annual interest capitalization rates
Inventories related to real estate business (%)		4.35-4.85		4.20-4.75		4.20-4.35
Property, plant and equipment (%)		0.96-4.03		0.49-3.47		0.48-1.08

Depreciation and amortization


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019		2020		2021
	NT$		NT$		NT$		US$ (Note 4)

Property, plant and equipment	$	45,240,667	$	46,016,548	$	48,604,160	$	1,752,133
Right-of-use assets		1,055,458		946,880		1,114,950		40,193
Investment properties		594,110		562,260		751,047		27,074
Other intangible assets		3,576,606		3,733,377		4,054,120		146,147


Total	$	50,466,841	$	51,259,065	$	54,524,277	$	1,965,547


Summary of depreciation by function
Operating costs	$	43,749,333	$	44,017,839	$	46,880,267	$	1,689,988
Operating expenses		3,140,902		3,507,849		3,589,890		129,412


	$	46,890,235	$	47,525,688	$	50,470,157	$	1,819,400


Summary of amortization by function
Operating costs	$	2,092,074	$	2,231,060	$	2,443,870	$	88,099
Operating expenses		1,484,532		1,502,317		1,610,250		58,048


	$	3,576,606	$	3,733,377	$	4,054,120	$	146,147

Operating expenses directly related to investment properties


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019		2020		2021
	NT$		NT$		NT$		US$ (Note 4)

Direct operating expenses of investment properties that generated rental income	$	1,232,826	$	1,121,854	$	1,422,463	$	51,278

Employee benefits expense


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019		2020		2021
	NT$		NT$		NT$		US$ (Note 4)

Post-employment benefits
Defined contribution plans	$	3,148,209	$	2,979,167	$	3,489,642	$	125,798
Defined benefit plans		277,041		217,186		214,599		7,736

		3,425,250		3,196,353		3,704,241		133,534
Equity-settled share-based payments		871,699		955,575		699,211		25,206
Other employee benefits		70,279,752		76,648,412		90,412,118		3,259,269


	$	74,576,701	$	80,800,340	$	94,815,570	$	3,418,009


Summary of employee benefits expense by function
Operating costs	$	49,173,778	$	52,526,164	$	61,555,563	$	2,219,018
Operating expenses		25,402,923		28,274,176		33,260,007		1,198,991


	$	74,576,701	$	80,800,340	$	94,815,570	$	3,418,009

Employees’ compensation and the remuneration to directors

The Articles stipulates to distribute employees’ compensation and remuneration to directors at the rates

0.01%-1.00%

and no higher than 0.75%, respectively, of net profit before income tax, employees’ compensation and remuneration to directors.


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2020				2021
	Accrual Rate (%)		Accrual Amount		Accrual Rate (%)		Accrual Amount
			NT$				NT$		US$ (Note 4)

Employees’ compensation		0.20	$	54,909		0.19	$	121,935	$	4,396
Remuneration to directors		0.40		109,818		0.30		195,095		7,033

If there is a change in the proposed amounts after the consolidated financial statement authorized for issue, the differences are recorded as a change in accounting estimate and will be adjusted in the following year.

In March 2020 and 2021, the board of directors resolved the appropriations of employees’ compensation and remuneration to directors in cash for 2019 and 2020, respectively. The differences between the resolved amounts and the accrued amounts reflected in the annual consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020 were deemed changes in estimates. The differences were NT$3 thousand and NT$818 thousand (US$29 thousand) and were adjusted in net profit for each of the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively.


	For Year 2019				For Year 2020
	Employees’ compensation		Remuneration to directors		Employees’ compensation		Remuneration to directors
	NT$		NT$		NT$		NT$

Resolved by the board of directors	$	34,400	$	68,800	$	54,909	$	109,000

Recognized in the consolidated financial statements	$	34,400	$	68,803	$	54,909	$	109,818

Information on the employees’ compensation and the remuneration to directors resolved by the board of directors is available at the Market Observation Post System website of the Taiwan Stock Exchange (the “TWSE”).