Financial Instruments (Tables)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
| Statement [LineItems] |
|
| Summary of Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
The carrying amounts and fair value of bonds payable as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 were as follows:
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| |
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|
| December 31, 2022 |
|
$ |
47,850,324 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
47,027,018 |
|
|
|
|
|
| December 31, 2023 |
|
|
45,009,486 |
|
|
$ |
1,469,937 |
|
|
|
44,907,012 |
|
|
$ |
1,466,591 |
|
|
| Summary of Financial Assets Measured at Level 3 Fair Value |
For the year ended December 31, 2021
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
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| |
|
Financial Assets at FVTPL |
|
|
Financial Assets at FVTOCI |
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|
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| |
|
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|
|
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| |
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|
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|
| Balance at January 1 |
|
$ |
1,897,984 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
728,398 |
|
|
$ |
1,639,149 |
|
|
$ |
4,265,531 |
|
| Recognized in profit or loss |
|
|
131,276 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
131,276 |
|
| Recognized in other comprehensive income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Included in unrealized gains on financial assets at FVTOCI |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
129,726 |
|
|
|
63,722 |
|
|
|
193,448 |
|
| Effects of foreign currency exchange |
|
|
(79,614 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(4,508 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(84,122 |
) |
| Net increase in trade receivables |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
3,269,782 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
14,940,539 |
|
|
|
18,210,321 |
|
| Trade receivables factoring |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(3,269,782 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(9,474,490 |
) |
|
|
(12,744,272 |
) |
| Purchases |
|
|
459,046 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
32,246 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
491,292 |
|
| Disposals |
|
|
(107,793 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(14,873 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(122,666 |
) |
| Reclassify |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(29,758 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(29,758 |
) |
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|
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|
|
|
|
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|
| Balance at December 31 |
|
$ |
2,300,899 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
841,231 |
|
|
$ |
7,168,920 |
|
|
$ |
10,311,050 |
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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| For the year ended December 31, 2022
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| |
|
Financial Assets at FVTPL |
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|
Financial Assets at FVTOCI |
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| |
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| |
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| Balance at January 1 |
|
$ |
2,300,899 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
841,231 |
|
|
$ |
7,168,920 |
|
|
$ |
10,311,050 |
|
| Recognized in profit or loss |
|
|
100,134 |
|
|
|
605 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
100,739 |
|
| Recognized in other comprehensive income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Included in unrealized losses on financial assets at FVTOCI |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(366,862 |
) |
|
|
(16,746 |
) |
|
|
(383,608 |
) |
| Effects of foreign currency exchange |
|
|
195,415 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
5,558 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
200,973 |
|
| Net increase (decrease) in trade receivables |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
4,330,075 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(674,112 |
) |
|
|
3,655,963 |
|
| Trade receivables factoring |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(4,330,075 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(15,636 |
) |
|
|
(4,345,711 |
) |
| Purchases |
|
|
338,016 |
|
|
|
14,325 |
|
|
|
20,000 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
372,341 |
|
| Disposals |
|
|
(268,200 |
) |
|
|
(14,930 |
) |
|
|
(63,051 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(346,181 |
) |
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|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
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|
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|
| Balance at December 31 |
|
$ |
2,666,264 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
436,876 |
|
|
$ |
6,462,426 |
|
|
$ |
9,565,566 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
| For the year ended December 31, 2023
|
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|
|
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|
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Financial Assets at FVTPL |
|
|
Financial Assets at FVTOCI |
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|
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| |
|
|
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| |
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|
| Balance at January 1 |
|
$ |
2,666,264 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
436,876 |
|
|
$ |
6,462,426 |
|
|
$ |
9,565,566 |
|
| Recognized in profit or loss |
|
|
(83,239 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(113 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(83,352 |
) |
| Recognized in other comprehensive income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Included in unrealized losses on financial assets at FVTOCI |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
215,914 |
|
|
|
(16,807 |
) |
|
|
199,107 |
|
| Effects of foreign currency exchange |
|
|
5,053 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
1,605 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
6,658 |
|
| Net increase in trade receivables |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
5,778,078 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
234,772 |
|
|
|
6,012,850 |
|
| Trade receivables factoring |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(5,778,078 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(5,778,078 |
) |
| Purchases |
|
|
637,767 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
61,523 |
|
|
|
184,484 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
883,774 |
|
| Disposal of subsidiaries (Note 30) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(29,572 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(29,572 |
) |
| Disposals
|
|
|
(681,870 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(188,476 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(870,346 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
|
|
|
| Balance at December 31 |
|
$ |
2,543,975 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
61,410 |
|
|
$ |
620,831 |
|
|
$ |
6,680,391 |
|
|
$ |
9,906,607 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Financial Assets at FVTPL |
|
|
Financial Assets at FVTOCI |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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| |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
| Balance at January 1
|
|
$ |
87,076 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
14,268 |
|
|
$ |
211,052 |
|
|
$ |
312,396 |
|
| Recognized in profit or loss |
|
|
(2,719 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(2,722 |
) |
| Recognized in other comprehensive income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Included in unrealized losses on financial assets at FVTOCI |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
7,051 |
|
|
|
(548 |
) |
|
|
6,503 |
|
| Effects of foreign currency exchange |
|
|
165 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
52 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
217 |
|
| Net increase in trade receivables |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
188,703 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
7,667 |
|
|
|
196,370 |
|
| Trade receivables factoring |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(188,703 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(188,703 |
) |
| Purchases |
|
|
20,829 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
2,009 |
|
|
|
6,025 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
28,863 |
|
| Disposal of subsidiaries (Note 30) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(966 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(966 |
) |
| Disposals |
|
|
(22,269 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(6,155 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(28,424 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Balance at December 31 |
|
$ |
83,082 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
2,006 |
|
|
$ |
20,275 |
|
|
$ |
218,171 |
|
|
$ |
323,534 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
| Summary of Categories of Financial Instruments |
| |
c. |
Categories of financial instruments |
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| |
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| |
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| |
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|
| Financial assets |
|
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|
|
|
|
| FVTPL |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Mandatorily at FVTPL |
|
$ |
8,934,151 |
|
|
$ |
6,628,690 |
|
|
$ |
216,482 |
|
| Measured at amortized cost (Note 1) |
|
|
188,733,772 |
|
|
|
182,950,517 |
|
|
|
5,974,870 |
|
| FVTOCI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Equity instruments |
|
|
482,559 |
|
|
|
620,831 |
|
|
|
20,275 |
|
| Debt instruments |
|
|
1,059,712 |
|
|
|
1,042,906 |
|
|
|
34,060 |
|
| Trade receivables, net |
|
|
5,402,714 |
|
|
|
5,637,485 |
|
|
|
184,111 |
|
|
|
|
|
| Financial liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| FVTPL |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Held for trading |
|
|
626,760 |
|
|
|
1,302,342 |
|
|
|
42,532 |
|
| Financial liabilities for hedging |
|
|
12,204,620 |
|
|
|
12,516,971 |
|
|
|
408,784 |
|
| Measured at amortized cost (Note 2) |
|
|
337,771,707 |
|
|
|
295,102,540 |
|
|
|
9,637,574 |
|
| |
Note 1: |
The balances included financial assets measured at amortized cost which comprised cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables and other financial assets. |
| |
Note 2: |
The balances included financial liabilities measured at amortized cost which comprised short-term borrowings, trade and other payables, bonds payable, long-term borrowings and deposits received (under the line items of other current liabilities and other non-current liabilities). |
|
| Summary of Detailed Information About Hedged |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
Hedging Instrument/Hedged Items |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Fair value hedge |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Borrowings denominated in foreign currencies/ Financial assets at FVTPL |
|
Financial liabilities for hedging - current |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
3,278,805 |
|
| Hedge of net investment in foreign operation |
|
Financial liabilities for hedging - current |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
8,925,815 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
Hedging Instrument/Hedged Items |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Fair value hedge |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Borrowings denominated in foreign currencies/ Financial assets at FVTPL |
|
Financial liabilities for hedging - current |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
3,271,312 |
|
|
$ |
106,836 |
|
| Hedge of net investment in foreign operation |
|
Financial liabilities for hedging - current |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
9,245,659 |
|
|
|
301,948 |
|
|
| Summary of Detailed Information About Hedged Items |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Calculating Hedge Ineffectiveness |
|
|
|
|
|
Carrying Amount of Hedged Item in Fair Value Hedge |
|
|
Accumulated Amount of Fair Value Hedge Adjustments on Hedged Item |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hedge Accounting No Longer Applied |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Fair value hedge |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Borrowings denominated in foreign currencies/ Financial assets at FVTPL |
|
$ |
(323,884 |
) |
|
$ |
323,884 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
2,282,243 |
|
|
$ |
87,522 |
|
| Hedge of net investment in foreign operation |
|
|
(509,229 |
) |
|
|
509,229 |
|
|
|
673,005 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Calculating Hedge Ineffectiveness |
|
|
|
|
|
Carrying Amount of Hedged Item in Fair Value Hedge |
|
|
Accumulated Amount of Fair Value Hedge Adjustments on Hedged Item |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hedge Accounting No Longer Applied |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Fair value hedge |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Borrowings denominated in foreign currencies/ Financial assets at FVTPL |
|
$ |
7,493 |
|
|
$ |
(7,493 |
) |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
2,011,050 |
|
|
$ |
80,029 |
|
| Hedge of net investment in foreign operation |
|
|
312,029 |
|
|
|
(312,029 |
) |
|
|
360,976 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Calculating Hedge Ineffectiveness |
|
|
|
|
|
Carrying Amount of Hedged Item in Fair Value Hedge |
|
|
Accumulated Amount of Fair Value Hedge Adjustments on Hedged Item |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hedge Accounting No Longer Applied |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Fair value hedge |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Borrowings denominated in foreign currencies/ Financial assets at FVTPL |
|
$ |
245 |
|
|
$ |
(245 |
) |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
65,678 |
|
|
$ |
2,614 |
|
| Hedge of net investment in foreign operation |
|
|
10,190 |
|
|
|
(10,190 |
) |
|
|
11,789 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
| Summary of Maturity Analysis for Non-derivative Financial Liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-derivative financial liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
$ |
65,356,106 |
|
|
$ |
33,887,460 |
|
|
$ |
11,145,612 |
|
|
$ |
20,498 |
|
|
$ |
74,643 |
|
| Obligation under leases |
|
|
120,733 |
|
|
|
201,686 |
|
|
|
790,427 |
|
|
|
2,685,977 |
|
|
|
5,147,266 |
|
| Floating interest rate liabilities |
|
|
9,251,237 |
|
|
|
10,982,036 |
|
|
|
9,652,804 |
|
|
|
93,837,521 |
|
|
|
5,648,699 |
|
| Fixed interest rate liabilities |
|
|
12,530,681 |
|
|
|
9,209,134 |
|
|
|
9,055,918 |
|
|
|
44,756,570 |
|
|
|
29,280 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
87,258,757 |
|
|
$ |
54,280,316 |
|
|
$ |
30,644,761 |
|
|
$ |
141,300,566 |
|
|
$ |
10,899,888 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-derivative financial liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
$ |
52,472,703 |
|
|
$ |
33,530,541 |
|
|
$ |
13,358,363 |
|
|
$ |
4,478,467 |
|
|
$ |
83,594 |
|
| Obligation under leases |
|
|
123,436 |
|
|
|
219,960 |
|
|
|
884,309 |
|
|
|
2,867,502 |
|
|
|
5,505,095 |
|
| Floating interest rate liabilities |
|
|
19,534,908 |
|
|
|
9,967,914 |
|
|
|
9,505,587 |
|
|
|
78,388,027 |
|
|
|
8,785,084 |
|
| Fixed interest rate liabilities |
|
|
12,370,288 |
|
|
|
22,921,637 |
|
|
|
11,235,729 |
|
|
|
21,095,740 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
84,501,335 |
|
|
$ |
66,640,052 |
|
|
$ |
34,983,988 |
|
|
$ |
106,829,736 |
|
|
$ |
14,373,773 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-derivative financial liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
$ |
1,713,674 |
|
|
$ |
1,095,053 |
|
|
$ |
436,263 |
|
|
$ |
146,260 |
|
|
$ |
2,730 |
|
| Obligation under leases |
|
|
4,031 |
|
|
|
7,184 |
|
|
|
28,880 |
|
|
|
93,648 |
|
|
|
179,787 |
|
| Floating interest rate liabilities |
|
|
637,979 |
|
|
|
325,536 |
|
|
|
310,437 |
|
|
|
2,560,027 |
|
|
|
286,907 |
|
| Fixed interest rate liabilities |
|
|
403,994 |
|
|
|
748,584 |
|
|
|
366,941 |
|
|
|
688,953 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
2,759,678 |
|
|
$ |
2,176,357 |
|
|
$ |
1,142,521 |
|
|
$ |
3,488,888 |
|
|
$ |
469,424 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Summary of Maturity Analysis for Derivative Financial Instruments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| December 31, 2022 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Net settled |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Forward exchange contracts |
|
$ |
(11,136 |
) |
|
$ |
11,994 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Gross settled |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Forward exchange contracts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Inflows |
|
$ |
13,398,921 |
|
|
$ |
4,688,786 |
|
|
$ |
599,796 |
|
| Outflows |
|
|
(13,310,433 |
) |
|
|
(4,687,958 |
) |
|
|
(534,354 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
88,488 |
|
|
|
828 |
|
|
|
65,442 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Swap contracts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Inflows |
|
|
32,274,691 |
|
|
|
16,429,850 |
|
|
|
62,187,750 |
|
| Outflows |
|
|
(31,891,439 |
) |
|
|
(15,016,775 |
) |
|
|
(59,838,031 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
383,252 |
|
|
|
1,413,075 |
|
|
|
2,349,719 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
471,740 |
|
|
$ |
1,413,903 |
|
|
$ |
2,415,161 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| December 31, 2023 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Net settled |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Forward exchange contracts |
|
$ |
(44,550 |
) |
|
$ |
5,585 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Gross settled |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Forward exchange contracts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Inflows |
|
$ |
13,971,393 |
|
|
$ |
347,468 |
|
|
$ |
143,726 |
|
| Outflows |
|
|
(13,854,585 |
) |
|
|
(338,670 |
) |
|
|
(133,330 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
116,808 |
|
|
|
8,798 |
|
|
|
10,396 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Swap contracts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Inflows |
|
|
22,388,255 |
|
|
|
19,166,073 |
|
|
|
66,015,750 |
|
| Outflows |
|
|
(22,021,077 |
) |
|
|
(18,547,076 |
) |
|
|
(64,821,453 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
367,178 |
|
|
|
618,997 |
|
|
|
1,194,297 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
483,986 |
|
|
$ |
627,795 |
|
|
$ |
1,204,693 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| December 31, 2023 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Net settled |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Forward exchange contracts |
|
$ |
(1,455 |
) |
|
$ |
182 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Gross settled |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Forward exchange contracts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Inflows |
|
$ |
456,283 |
|
|
$ |
11,348 |
|
|
$ |
4,694 |
|
| Outflows |
|
|
(452,468 |
) |
|
|
(11,061 |
) |
|
|
(4,355 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,815 |
|
|
|
287 |
|
|
|
339 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Swap contracts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Inflows |
|
|
731,164 |
|
|
|
625,933 |
|
|
|
2,155,968 |
|
| Outflows |
|
|
(719,173 |
) |
|
|
(605,717 |
) |
|
|
(2,116,964 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11,991 |
|
|
|
20,216 |
|
|
|
39,004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
15,806 |
|
|
$ |
20,503 |
|
|
$ |
39,343 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Summary of Disclosure of Detailed Information about Maturity Analysis of Obligation under Leases |
Further information for maturity analysis of obligation under leases was as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Obligation under leases |
|
$ |
1,112,846 |
|
|
$ |
2,685,977 |
|
|
$ |
1,536,779 |
|
|
$ |
939,751 |
|
|
$ |
881,803 |
|
|
$ |
1,788,933 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Further information for maturity analysis of obligation under leases was as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Obligation under leases |
|
$ |
1,227,705 |
|
|
$ |
2,867,502 |
|
|
$ |
2,157,503 |
|
|
$ |
891,614 |
|
|
$ |
864,881 |
|
|
$ |
1,591,097 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Obligation under leases |
|
$ |
40,095 |
|
|
$ |
93,648 |
|
|
$ |
70,460 |
|
|
$ |
29,119 |
|
|
$ |
28,245 |
|
|
$ |
51,963 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Interest rate risk [member] |
|
| Statement [LineItems] |
|
| Summary of Interest Rate Risk |
The carrying amounts of the Group’s financial assets and financial liabilities with exposure to interest rates at each balance sheet date were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Fair value interest rate risk |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Financial assets |
|
$ |
16,434,562 |
|
|
$ |
17,007,765 |
|
|
$ |
555,446 |
|
| Financial liabilities |
|
|
91,152,265 |
|
|
|
84,315,866 |
|
|
|
2,753,621 |
|
| Cash flow interest rate risk |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Financial assets |
|
|
41,964,775 |
|
|
|
51,158,406 |
|
|
|
1,670,751 |
|
| Financial liabilities |
|
|
121,370,564 |
|
|
|
117,160,631 |
|
|
|
3,826,278 |
|
|
| Measured at fair value on a recurring basis [member] |
|
| Statement [LineItems] |
|
| Summary of Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| December 31, 2022 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Financial assets at FVTPL |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Derivative financial assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Swap contracts |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
3,205,828 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
3,205,828 |
|
| Forward exchange contracts |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
246,710 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
246,710 |
|
Non-derivative financial assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Quoted ordinary shares |
|
|
2,521,964 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
2,521,964 |
|
| Private-placement funds |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
1,599,932 |
|
|
|
1,599,932 |
|
| Unquoted preferred shares |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
628,156 |
|
|
|
628,156 |
|
| Contingent considerations |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
438,176 |
|
|
|
438,176 |
|
| |
|
|
293,385 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
293,385 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
2,815,349 |
|
|
$ |
3,452,538 |
|
|
$ |
2,666,264 |
|
|
$ |
8,934,151 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Financial assets at FVTOCI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Investments in equity instruments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Unquoted ordinary shares |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
419,491 |
|
|
$ |
419,491 |
|
| Quoted ordinary shares |
|
|
45,683 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
45,683 |
|
| Unquoted preferred shares |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
13,883 |
|
|
|
13,883 |
|
| Limited partnership |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
3,502 |
|
|
|
3,502 |
|
| Investments in debt instruments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Unsecured subordinate corporate bonds |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
1,059,712 |
|
|
|
1,059,712 |
|
| Trade receivables, net |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
5,402,714 |
|
|
|
5,402,714 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
45,683 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
6,899,302 |
|
|
$ |
6,944,985 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Financial liabilities at FVTPL |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Derivative financial liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Swap contracts |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
543,547 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
543,547 |
|
| Forward exchange contracts |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
83,213 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
83,213 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
626,760 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
626,760 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Financial assets at FVTPL |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Derivative financial assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Swap contracts |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
1,453,868 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
1,453,868 |
|
| Forward exchange contracts |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
161,924 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
161,924 |
|
Non-derivative financial assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Quoted ordinary shares |
|
|
2,099,844 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
2,099,844 |
|
| Private-placement funds |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
1,796,015 |
|
|
|
1,796,015 |
|
| Unquoted preferred shares |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
747,960 |
|
|
|
747,960 |
|
| |
|
|
307,669 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
307,669 |
|
| Hybrid financial assets Convertible notes |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
61,410 |
|
|
|
61,410 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
2,407,513 |
|
|
$ |
1,615,792 |
|
|
$ |
2,605,385 |
|
|
$ |
6,628,690 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Financial assets at FVTOCI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Investments in equity instruments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Unquoted ordinary shares |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
607,528 |
|
|
$ |
607,528 |
|
| Unquoted preferred shares |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
13,303 |
|
|
|
13,303 |
|
| Investments in debt instruments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Unsecured subordinate corporate bonds |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
1,042,906 |
|
|
|
1,042,906 |
|
| Trade receivables, net |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
5,637,485 |
|
|
|
5,637,485 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
7,301,222 |
|
|
$ |
7,301,222 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Financial liabilities at FVTPL |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Derivative financial liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Swap contracts |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
1,183,469 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
1,183,469 |
|
| Forward exchange contracts |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
118,873 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
118,873 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
1,302,342 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
1,302,342 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| December 31, 2023 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Financial assets at FVTPL |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Derivative financial assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Swap contracts |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
47,481 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
47,481 |
|
| Forward exchange contracts |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
5,288 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
5,288 |
|
Non-derivative financial assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Quoted ordinary shares |
|
|
68,577 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
68,577 |
|
| Private-placement funds |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
58,655 |
|
|
|
58,655 |
|
| Unquoted preferred shares |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
24,427 |
|
|
|
24,427 |
|
| |
|
|
10,048 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
10,048 |
|
| Hybrid financial assets Convertible notes |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
2,006 |
|
|
|
2,006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
78,625 |
|
|
$ |
52,769 |
|
|
$ |
85,088 |
|
|
$ |
216,482 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Financial assets at FVTOCI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Investments in equity instruments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Unquoted ordinary shares |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
19,841 |
|
|
$ |
19,841 |
|
| Unquoted preferred shares |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
434 |
|
|
|
434 |
|
| Investments in debt instruments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Unsecured subordinate corporate bonds |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
34,060 |
|
|
|
34,060 |
|
| Trade receivables, net |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
184,111 |
|
|
|
184,111 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
238,446 |
|
|
$ |
238,446 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Financial liabilities at FVTPL |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Derivative financial liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Swap contracts |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
38,650 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
38,650 |
|
| Forward exchange contracts |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
3,882 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
3,882 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
42,532 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
42,532 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|